CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR THE FORMULATION OF

MALAY MASTER PLAN FOR TOURISM

Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
31 August 2018

To: THE HONORABLE CECIRON S. CAWALING

Municipal Mayor
Municipality of Malay, Aklan

Attention: Ms. Alma S. Belejerdo

Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator – OIC

Project: Consultancy Services for the Formulation of Malay Master Plan for Tourism

Subject: Submission of Final Report

Dear Honorable Mayor Cawaling,

Greetings from Palafox Associates and Palafox Architecture Group!

We are pleased to submit to you three (3) copies of the Final Report for the Municipality of Malay Master Plan for Tourism. The main features of the Final Report are as follows:

• Introduction and Project Context

• Sectoral Profile
• Situational Analysis
• Tourism Framework Study
• Tourism Development Strategy Framework Plans
• TRIP Assessment, Conceptual Schemes and Indicative Design Drawings
• Tourism Development Guidelines and Phasing Plan

Thank you for the continued confidence in Palafox Associates and for the opportunity to work with the Municipal Government of Malay in this valuable project.

Sincerely,

FELINO A. PALAFOX, JR., FUAP, PIEP, APEC Architect

Harvard GSD, International Associate AIA, APA, ULI, ICSC, CTBUH Fellow
Principal Architect- Urban Planner
Founder and Managing Partner, Palafox Associates
President, Palafox Architecture

PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 5/F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Salcedo Village, Makati City 1227
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | architecture@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES would like to acknowledge the following for their contributions to the conceptualization
and preparation of the Malay Master Plan for Tourism.

Elected Officials Municipal Secretary of the Sangguniang Bayan Office Boracay Sandcastle Paulo Collection
Hon. Ceciron S. Cawaling, Municipal Mayor Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office Boracay Water PCN
Hon. Abram Lumbo Sualog, Municipal Vice Mayor Municipal Tourism Office Boracay Land Transportation Multi-Purpose Cooperative PCTV
Municipal Transportation Regulations Office Boracay Tubi System, Incorporated (BTSI) Perra Hotel
Malay Technical Working Group Municipal Treasurer’s Office Cabson Trading Pest Science
Ms. Alma S. Belejerdo National Agencies and Other Government Offices CACOFA Punta Rosa
Mr. Dennis T. Briones Human Resource Management Office CAFI Real Coffee Boracay
Ms. Catherine S. Tumaob, EnP. Liga ng mga Barangay Casa Camila Red Coral Resort
Mr. Niño Paulo A. Sinel, EnP. Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office CL Consultancy Services Rose Pike Boracay
Mr. Jaylord P. Claud, EnP. Municipal Health Office CLUBTEN Rose Unisex Salon
Mr. Felix G. Delos Santos, Jr. Municipal Social Welfare Development Club Boracay Travel Sanders White
Ms. Barbara G. Flores Caticlan Port Vendors Multi-Purpose Cooperative (CPVMPC) Sespene Mading
Ms. Grecil G. Taunan Provincial Government of Aklan DINIWID BEACH Shin Yen Laundry
Ms. Merelle C. Prado Provincial Planning and Development Office El Demetri Apartel STRG OR STRO
Ms. Nelia Aron FEEFU Talipapa Bukid
Mr. Rex G. Aguirre National Agencies and other Government Offices Freckles Resort The Italian Food
Mr. Reghan Casidsid Bureau of Fire Protection Go Discover Travel The 19 Strict Resort
Ms. Khinna Dela Torre Department of Education Grill & Park Timog Kiteboarding
Department of Public Works and Highways Hue Hotel TIRTA Spa
Malay Municipal Councilors Department of Environment and Natural Resources HWA TWIN AP
Ms. Natalie F. Cawaling - Paderes Department of Agrarian Reform Iskalite Boarding School W Hostel
Mr. Jupiter Aelred G. Gallernero Department of Interior and Local Government Island Chicken Inasal Willys Beach Hotel
Mr. Frolibar S. Bautista Department of Agriculture Regional Field Office 1 Jash Fish Villa Simprosa
Mr. Lloyd B. Maming Department of Social Welfare and Development Jonah’s Fruitshake Villa Tamayo
Ms. Dalidig Y. Sumdad Department of Interior and Local Government Kalipunan ng Maliliit na Magniniyog ng Napaan Multi- 3C’s Farmers’ Association
Ms. Maylynn A. Graff Department of Trade and Industry Purpose Cooperative (KAMMANA MPC) 3-5-7 Boracay
Mr. Danilo G. Delos Santos Department of Tourism La Isla Bonita Resort 4P’s Members
Mr. Dante Pagsuguiron National Economic and Development Authority Region 1 LE SOLEIL 7 Stone Boracay Suites
Philippine National Police Levantin
Municipal Government Departments Philippine Statistics Authority Luntian Solutions Special thanks to:
Environmental Services Unit Boracay Coast Guard (BCG) MABBOI Ms. April Valle
General Services Office MABOVEN
Licensing Service Unit Private Sector Representatives MAÑANA MEXICAN
Mayor’s Office Aklan Electric Cooperative, Inc. MM. EAV.
Municipal Accounting Office Alice in Wonderland MEED
Municipal Administrative Office Atlanta Industrial Mabuhay Host
Municipal Agricultural Office Balinghoi Beach Resort Mad Monkey
Municipal Assessor’s Office Bamboo Exit Malay Tricycle Operators and Drivers’ Association
Municipal Budget Office Baumhaus Construction Incorporated Microtel Boracay
Municipal Civil Registrar Office Boracay Foundation Incorporated (BFI) MPSMPC
Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office Boracay Island Hopping Association (BIHA) Material Recovery Facility Employees
Municipal Ecological Solid Waste Management Office Boracay Island Water Company Nicknick Hauling & Pat & Reniel
Municipal Economic Enterprise Department B New Wave Diner NIGI
Municipal Engineering Office Boracay Adventure Niu Ohana
Municipal Human Resources and Management Office Boracay Ati Tribal Ocean Breeze
Municipal Legal Office Boracay European International School OME
Municipal Planning and Development Office Boracay Morning Beach Resort Panay Telephone Corporation
Boracay Ocean Club Patio Pacific
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cover Letter
Acknowledgements
List of Tables and Figures

1.0 Introduction and Project Context

1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 International Setting 1
1.3 Southeast Asian Setting 2
1.4 National Setting 2
1.5 Regional Setting 3
1.6 Provincial Setting 3
1.7 Municipal Setting 4
1.8 Flight Routes and Sea Routes 5
1.9 Connectivity by Land 7
1.10 Review of Higher Development Plans, Programs, Projects and Activities 8

2.0 Sectoral Profile

2.1 Vision and Mission 23
2.2 Historical Background and Timeline 24
2.3 Physical and Environmental Characteristics 25
2.4 Social Sector 32
2.5 Economic Sector 49
2.6 Transportation, Infrastructure, and Utilities 56
2.7 Local Governance and Administration 60
2.8 Existing Land Uses 61
2.9 Land Classification 63
2.10 Climate Change Adaption and Disaster Risks Reduction Management (CCA-DRRM) 64
3.0 Situational Analysis
3.1 Political Map 81
3.2 Microclimate Analysis 82
3.3 Topography Map 83
3.4 Multi-hazard Map 84
3.5 Development Constraints and Challenges 85
3.6 SWOT Analysis 87
3.7 Coastal Waters of Boracay 88
3.8 Regional Oceanography of the Philippine Archipelago 89

4.0 Tourism Development Framework Study

4.1 Tourism Industry Analysis 93
4.2 Tourism Circuits 95

5.0 Tourism Development Strategy Framework Plans

5.1 Framework 1 109
5.2 Framework 2 112
5.3 Framework 3 115
5.4 Framework 4 118
5.5 Preferred Framework 121
6.0 TRIP Components and Draft Conceptual Schemes & Indicative Design Drawings
127
136
177

7.0 Tourism Development Guidelines and Phasing Plan

7.1 Tourism Development Guidelines 195
7.2 List of Recommendations 206
7.4 Tourism Development Framework 207
7.5 Development Phasing Plan 208

Annexes
List of Tables
Table 1.1 – Land Classification 2000-2010 vs. 2013-2020
Table 2.1 – Barangays with Land Area
Table 2.2 – Land Classification Area and Percentage
Table 2.3 – Major Rivers and Catchment Area
Table 2.4 – Status of Threatened Species
Table 2.5 – Areas of ECAN Zones
Table 2.6 – Population History and Projection
Table 2.7 – Age Group Population, 2015
Table 2.8 – Number of IPs in Malay Mainland, 2017
Table 2.9 – Population by Barangay, 2015
Table 2.10 – Municipality of Malay, Existing Land Use, 2015
Table 2.11 – List of Elementary/Primary Schools in Malay
Table 2.12 – List of Secondary Schools in Municipality of Malay
Table 2.13 – Number of Public and Private Health Facilities and Corresponding
Number of Beds
Table 2.14 – Number of Public and Private Health Staff
Table 2.15 – Elementary/Primary Students Body Mass Index per School,
SY 2016-2017
Table 2.16 – List of Irrigation Structures
Table 2.17 – Existing Livestock and Poultry Farm, 2011
Table 2.18 – Existing Fishing Grounds and Agricultural Production, 2011
Table 2.19 – Existing Land Use, CLUP 2013-2022
Table 2.20 – Results of Geohazard Assessment Landslide Susceptibility
Table 2.21 – Results of Geohazard Assessment Flooding Susceptibility
Table 2.22 – Landslide- and Flood-Prone Barangays
Table 2.23 – Storm-Surge-Prone Barangays
Table 2.24 – List of Families Living in Unsafe Areas, 2013
Table 2.25 – Households within 40-meter Easement
Table 2.26 – Contingency Planning Form 1- Hazard Assessment
Table 2.27 – Damage of Super Typhoon Yolanda (2013)
Table 2.28 – Three Scenarios During Tropical Cyclone
Table 2.29 – Drought Events in the Philippines, 1968-1998
Table 2.30 – Climatic Changes, Possible Impacts, and Potential Impacts on Cities/
Municipalities
Table 2.31 – Policy Areas with Development Strategy and Risk Reduction/
Development Objectives
Table 3.1 – Distribution of Landslide-Prone Barangays (2013)
Table 4.1 – Total Number of Visitors, 2013-2017 (Municipality of Malay)
Table 4.2 – 25 Years Project Market Growth Rate for Boracay Island
Table 4.3 – 15 Years Market Projection with the 6-month Closure of Boracay Island
Table 4.4 – Comparative Market Growth Rates with and without the Closure of
Boracay Island
Table 4.5 – Number of Visitors to the Mainland Tourist Attractions
Table 4.6 – Market Projection to the Various Attractions in Mainland Malay
Table 4.7 – Top 10 Foreign Visitors
Table 4.8 – DOT-Accredited Tourist Establishments in Boracay Island, 2017
Table 4.9 – Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay
Table 4.10 – Comparative Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay
Table 4.11 – Comparative Projected Growth Rate based on Rooms Availability with
65% and 85% Occu-pancy Factors (Not Utilizing the 2-million Arrivals in 2017)
Table 4.12 – Tourism Impact Analysis
Table 6.1 – Total Visitors that the Island can accommodate during peak hours
Table 7.1 – Development Phasing Plan for the TRIP Components
Table 7.2 – Development Phasing Plan for other recommendations, programs,
projects, and activities per sector
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 – Boracay Island
Figure 1.2 – Connectivity to the rest of the world
Figure 1.3 – Map of Southeast Asia
Figure 1.4 – Map of the Philippines
Figure 1.5 – Map of Western Visayas
Figure 1.6 – Map of the Province of Aklan
Figure 1.7 – Bakhawan Eco-park
Figure 1.8 – Jawili Falls
Figure 1.9 – Map of the Municipality of Malay
Figure 1.10 – Map of Aklan
Figure 1.11 – Agnaga Minifalls
Figure 1.12 – Motag Living Museum
Figure 1.13 – Land Use Plan- Municipality of Malay (2013-2022)
Figure 1.14 – Zoning Plan - Barangay Caticlan (2013-2022)
Figure 1.15 – Zoning Plan - Barangay Sambiray (2013-2022)
Figure 1.16 – Zoning Plan - Barangay Poblacion (2013-2022)
Figure 1.17 – Zoning Plan - Barangay Manoc-manoc (2013-2022)
Figure 1.18 – Zoning Plan - Barangay Balabag (2013-2022)
Figure 1.19 – Zoning Plan - Barangay Yapak (2013-2022)
Figure 2.1 – The Ati people lived by fishing, farming and hunting
Figure 2.2 – Location Map of Malay
Figure 2.3 – Topography of the Municipality of Malay
Figure 2.4 – Slope Map
Figure 2.5 – Soil Classification in the Municipality of Malay
Figure 2.6 – Climate Map of the Philippines
Figure 2.7 – Map of Rivers and Catchment Areas
Figure 2.8 – Sea turtle seen at the Balinghai diving site
Figure 2.9 – Clownfish seen at the Laguna de Boracay diving site
Figure 2.10 – Marine Life Underwater Angel
Figure 2.11 – Antidesma bunius, locally known as “Bignay”
Figure 2.12 – Sonneratia alba
Figure 2.13 – Pteropus Vampyrus
Figure 2.14 – Philippine Long-tailed Macaque
Figure 2.15 – Population Growth Rate and Density
Figure 2.16 – Population Pyramid, 2015
Figure 2.17 – Working Age and Dependent Population
Figure 2.18 – Dependent Population
Figure 2.19 – Number of IPs in Malay Mainland, 2017
Figure 2.20 – Infant and Child Death in Malay
Figure 2.21 – Urban Vs. Rural Population
Figure 2.22 – Actual and Ideal Bed to Population Ratio
Figure 2.23 – Students Body Mass Index
Figure 2.24 – Protective Services
Figure 2.25 – Palay
Figure 2.26 – Coconut
Figure 2.27 – Mango
Figure 2.28 – Malay Ecological Park Open Grounds
Figure 2.29 – Fish Pond
Figure 2.30 – Nature pathwalk
Figure 2.31 – Bridge over the pond
Figure 2.32 – View from the Viewing Deck
Figure 2.33 – Agnaga Mini Falls
Figure 2.34 – Plunge pool
Figure 2.35 – Multi-purpose Building
Figure 2.36 – Descent into the falls
Figure 2.37 – Visitors Hut
Figure 2.38 – Nabaoy River Resorts
Figure 2.39 – Picnic and swimming area
Figure 2.40 – The characteristic of the river is rocky
Figure 2.41 – Transporting of bamboo downstream
Figure 2.42 – Bamboo rafting
Figure 2.43 – The main entry to the cave
Figure 2.44 – The entry marker to Pangihan Cave
Figure 2.45 – View from below
Figure 2.46 – Stalactites border the opening to the cave
Figure 2.47 – Inside the Pangihan Cave
Figure 2.48 – View of Boracay Island from Mt. Luho
Figure 2.49 – Willy’s Rock
Figure 2.50 – Puka Beach
Figure 2.51 – Boracay’s night life
Figure 2.52 – The famous sand castle art
Figure 2.53 – Tourism Map of Boracay Island
Figure 2.54 – Naasug Beach
Figure 2.55 – Nagata Falls
Figure 2.56 – Aklan West Road
Figure 2.57 – Inventory of land transportation in Boracay Island (1) Figure 2.58 –
Inventory of land transportation in Boracay Island (2) Figure 2.59 – Inventory of
water transportation vehicles
Figure 2.60 – Wind Farm
Figure 2.61 – Water utilities
Figure 2.62 – Land Classification Map of Malay
Figure 2.63 – Geohazard Map of Malay
Figure 2.64 – Storm Surge Map
Figure 2.65 – Flood Hazard Map of Malay
Figure 2.66 – Rain Induced Landslide Map of Malay
Figure 2.67 – Tsunami-Prone Storm Surge Map of Malay
Figure 2.68 – Ground Rupture Hazard Map of Malay
Figure 2.68 – Soil Erosion Potential Map of Malay
Figure 3.1 (a) – Bathymetry of the seas and straits of the Philippine Archipelago
from Smith and Sandwell (1997)
Figure 3.1 (b) – Conductivity, temperature, depth, and dissolved oxygen, and
lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (CTD-O2/LA DCP) stations obtained by Figure 7.7 – Illustration of Proposed Height Limit
the four PhilEx cruises identi-fied within the figure legend
Figure 3.2 – Current vectors from the shipboard-mounted 150-KHz ADCP system
within the 25- to 55-m layer color coded by sea surface temperature (SST).
Figure 4.1 – Total Number of Visitors - Annual Growth Rate (Municipality of Malay)
Figure 4.2 – Comparative Growth Rates With and Without the Closure of Boracay
Island
Figure 4.3 – Number of Visitors to the Mainland Tourist Attractions
Figure 4.4 – Market Projections to the Various Attractinos in Mainland Malay
Figure 4.5 – Top 10 Foreign Visitors
Figure 4.6 – Comparative Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay
Figure 4.7 – Comparative Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay
Figure 6.1 – Boracay-Mainland Bridge Connection
Figure 6.2 – Actual Condition of The Shoreline Along Mainland Malay
Figure 6.3 – Tetrapods Are Man-Made Concrete Structures That Prevent Coastal
Erosion
Figure 6.4 – Mangrove Forest
Figure 6.5 – Seawall Construction In Florida
Figure 6.6 – Erosion on the Side of Road Due to Lack of Drainage
Figure 6.7 – Actual Photos of Roadway and Ongoing Drainage Construction in
Malay Mainland (along the main road)
Figure 6.8 – Powerline Pole obstructing roadway, pedestrian walkways, and
cuasing visual pollution (Boracay Island)
Figure 6.9 – Photo showing actual drainage construction (Malay Mainland)
Figure 6.10 – Existing Narrow Access to Beach Area (Boracay)
Figure 6.11 – Actual Photos of Existing Sanitary Landfill and Equipment
Figure 6.12 – Existing Sewage Treatment Facility in Boracay Island (Boracay
Island Water Company)
Figure 7.1 – Floating communities by Palafox Associates
Figure 7.2 – Proposed Smokey Mountain Socialized Housing by Palafox
Figure 7.3 – Proposed Tropical House by Palafox Associates
Figure 7.4 – Proposed Disaster-resilient School
Figure 7.5 – Proposed Linear Park by Palafox Associates
Figure 7.6 – Illustration of Building to Open Space Ratio
Figure 7.8 – Illustration of Traffic and Road Signs in Philippines
Figure 7.9 – Example of Warning Signage
Figure 7.10 – Example of Environmental Wayfinding
Figure 7.11 – Tourism Development Framework
 RATIONALE

The Municipal Government of Malay, headed by Mayor Ceciron S. Cawaling, consulted Palafox Associates,
represented by Ar. Felino A. Palafox, Jr., for the formulation of the Malay Master Plan for Tourism. This tourism master
plan covers a land area of 6,601 hectares, along with its surrounding municipal waters.

The prosperous tourism industry in Boracay Island has contributed greatly to the local economy, as well as the
whole country. However, the development rate in the island had been going on a very fast pace that the existing local
infrastructure could not keep up, which caused serious multi-sectoral concerns. At the same time, the mainland
(specifically Barangay Caticlan) has been serving only as a mere gateway to the paradise island, and the rest
of the municipality has been left aside in terms of development. Seeing the imbalance between the mainland and
Boracay Island, the Municipal Government has decided that it was time to create a tourism master plan that would
sustain the tourism value in the island at the same time restore and preserve environmental integrity, while holistically
expanding the industry towards the mainland.

The framework of the study considers the Tourism Renewal Infrastructure Projects (TRIP) of the current Comprehensive
Land Use Plan (2013-2022) of the Municipality, as stated on the Terms of Reference. Guided further by its own
various development principles, together with the visions and aspirations of the stakeholders gathered through
public consultations, Palafox Associates formulated a sustainable and holistic Malay Master Plan for Tourism, with
a planning period of 25 years (2018-2043).
Introduction
Situated in the northwestern tip of Panay Island, the Municipality of Malay
belongs to the Province of Aklan and is home to Boracay Island, which
was named the Best Beach in the world in 2012 by the Travel+Leisure
Magazine and Best Island in the World by Condé Nast Traveler
Magazine in 2016. Malay is very rich in natural resources, which include
vast forests in the mountains and aquatic ecosystems in its coastal
environments. Consequent to the rise of the tourism in Boracay Island is
the influx of tourists and workers, which led to the Island’s rapid increase
in population. Contrary to the fast-paced urbanization happening in
Boracay Island, the rest of Malay’s development has yet to catch up.
This imbalance between the mainland and the Island however, has
caused huge damage to Boracay’s fragile ecology.

The uncontrolled development in Boracay and unbalanced development

throughout the island has caused the Island to exceed its carrying
capacity, which was reflected in problems such as environmental
degradation, loss of cultural ethnicity, and inadequate drainage and
sewerage systems. The severity of t ese concerns has even piqued
the attention of the National Government.

With these development challenges and opportunities, the Municipal

Government of Malay tapped the consultancy services of Palafox
Associates for a master plan towards a more sustainable tourism
development for the whole Municipality. On the onset, Palafox
Associates has held guided technical working group meetings with the
Municipality’s local government officials as well as public consultation
meetings with all the barangay captains, and various social and
business stakeholders. It is in the principle of the firm to actively involve
the citizens of Malay in the planning of their municipality as end-users.
The local government’s aspiration for the Municipality is to become
a premier tourist destination c ity with international and sustainable
standards and enriched cultural heritage. Their tagline, “Our Home,
Your Destination”, encourages everyone to participate in keeping
the balance among the different areas of societal and environmental
conditions, to maintain a livable home for the locals and a sustainable
tourist attraction for visitors.
As part of the agreement, the Malay Master Plan for Tourism, which willl
cover a planning period of twenty-five (25) years (2018-2043), is a work
made through the collaboration of Palafox Associates, the Municipal
Government of Malay, key stakeholders, and invited specialists from the
fields of sustainable ecotourism and infrastructure development.
Chapter 1 is the Introductory Chapter that covers the Context of the
Project. The chapter presents the relation of the Municipality to the entire
country, as well as its connectivity to global communities through flight
and sea navigation. It also includes a review of higher level plans,
the current municipal plans, and other related development plans to
recommend aligning strategies. With the review of the context and the
plans, the output for Chapter 1 serves as the backbone in formulating
the Tourism Master Plan for the Municipality of Malay.
Figure 1.1 Boracay Island
Chapter 2 establishes the profile of the Municipality by giving a
comprehensive summary of its strategic inter-related components, such
as but not limited to: historical background; physical and environmental
characteristics; social and economic sector; infrastructure and utilities;
transportation; local governance and administration; existing land uses,
land classification and land use pattern; and climate change adaptation
and disaster risk reduction management. The development constraints
and challenges faced by each sector involved were also discussed.
Chapter 3 assesses the Municipality’s current situation in terms of
microclimate, elevation or slope, hazard susceptibility and such.
Analyses of the regional oceanography and Boracay Island’s coastal
waters are also discussed. Furthermore, the chapter assesses the
municipality’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT).
Chapter 4 provides an analysis on the tourism industry of not just Boracay,
but the Mainland as well. This chapter dwells deeper into the balance
between the supply and demand of Malay’s tourism. The chapter also
reviews the impacts on socio-economic and environmental aspects,
and how the tourism industry can be spread to the mainland through
sustainable tourism development strategy. Various tourism circuits that
will serve as guides for the circulation of tourists in the Municipality will be
presented in this chapter as well.
Chapter 5 proposes and presents four (4) Tourism Spatial Development
Strategy Framework Plans that the municipality can adopt. The
schemes present options for the conceptual development of the
municipality’s existing land uses and zones integrating the various
Palafox Associates 2018
Tourism Renewal Infrastructure Projects (TRIP). Each framework’s
comparative advantages and disadvantages are discussed along with
the development potentials, constraints and challenges as basis and
guide for the creation of each development scheme.
Chapter 6 expounds on the Tourism Renewal Infrastructure Projects
(TRIP) proposed by the Municipality of Malay. Assessments and
Recommendations for each project will be discussed along with
various solutions and their respective comparative advantages and
disadvantages. In the same chapter, the draft conceptual schemes
and indicative design drawings for each applicable TRIP component
will be presented.
Chapter 7 outlines the tourism master plan into different levels of
attainability: Immediate, Short Term, Medium Term, and Long Term.
The Tourism Development Guidelines will also be comprehensively
discussed in this chapter.
Chapter 8 shows the documentation of the second stakeholders
consultation. This chapter consolidates the results of the workshop
conducted which is the selection of the preferred tourism development
strategy framework plan. Additional key issues, development priorities,
concerns, and aspirations of the participants will also be reflected in this
chapter.
Finally, the Annexes of this report will contain the documentation of the
field reports and meetings among others.
 White Beach, Boracay Island

Municipality of Malay
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 Municipality of Malay
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Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Palafox Associates 2018

Palafox Associates 2018

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.7 Flight Routes and Sea Routes

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.8 Connectivity by Land

The Municipality of Malay is accessible through two (2) entry points:

a.From the Municipality of Nabas at the east through Aklan West
Road
b.From the Municipality of Buruanga at the west through Aklan
West Road

Several types of transportation services are available at the terminals in front of Caticlan Jetty Port. There
are vans which carry passengers from Caticlan to Kalibo Airport, Roxas City, and Iloilo City. Buses also
serve the same above-mentioned routes which includes RoRo routes going to Manila. Several transport
companies provide service in the area namely: Ceres Tours, Westmint, Northstar, Delmabel, Paradise,
Island Tour Transport, Southwest Tours, Island Star Express, and Caticlan – Boracay Transportation Multi-
purpose Cooperative (CBTMPC). Moreover, local tricycle services may also be availed by travelers
going to nearby destinations.

Bus Routes
1. Manila to Caticlan RORO (approx. 24 hours)
a. Via Cubao Bus Station
- Philtranco
- Ceres

2. Iloilo City to Caticlan (approx. 6 hours)

a. Via Ceres Terminal (Jaro, Iloilo)

Municipality of Malay
7
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.9 Review of Higher Development Plan, Programs, Projects and Activities
1.9.1 Review of the National Plan: Philippine Development Plan
The Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017-2022 relies on the project “Ambisyon Natin 2040”. The PDP
2017-2022, which takes off from the Duterte Administration’s 10 Socioeconomic Agenda, is the first medium-
term plan anchored on the “Ambisyon Natin 2040”. Three pillars put forward are Malasakit, Pagbabago, and
Patuloy na Pag-unlad.
The PDP expresses the Filipino long-term vision and aspirations for the next 25 years. It describes the kind of
life that people want to live, where there is equality of opportunity and poverty has been eradicated. It also aims
for a society where people live long and healthy lives.
Social welfare is one of the main objectives to reduce poverty incidence in the grassroots level of the society.
Through various social development projects, government continuously extends its assistance by strengthening
and improving its Conditional Cash Transfer Program, post – disaster rehabilitation, unemployment insurance,
improvements in education, health care, as well as, its protective services.
Cultural awareness is a requirement for social inclusion and equity. Three priority areas of the cultural agenda
have been chosen, which are: safeguarding and enshrining of Philippine cultural heritage; achieving equity
and inclusion in access to cultural resources and services; and sustaining and enhancing cultural assets to
foster creativity and innovation for socio-economic growth. The plan also promotes various cultural sites of the
country; promote local products in domestic and international markets, and establish historical and cultural
complexes nationwide.
The environment and natural resources sector plays a critical role in the development of the country. This is due
to the fact that ecosystems support the growth and performance of other sectors, including agriculture, industry
and services, and provide livelihood to dependent communities. Essential strategies of the government in
environmental protection include adaptation of sustainable practices, participatory environmental governance,
area demarcation and differentiation, reforestation and reversing of soil degradation, coastal and marine
protection, and economic expansion within the ecological unit.
8
It is an imperative that economic growth is accelerated and sustained by the demographic dividend. For each
economic sector, more opportunities can be provided by the following government support: strengthening
the agricultural sector, forestry and fisheries, proliferation of contemporary technologies, expansion of small-
medium enterprises through adaptation of contemporary production and marketing schemes, increase
farmers’ and fisher folks’ access to innovative financing, insurance and protection of land tenure security of
agrarian reform beneficiaries, capacity building of farmers and fisher folk, diversification of income, the linking
of farmers’ and fisherfolks’ production areas to markets through improved transportation, and construction of
disaster and climate-resilient irrigation systems.
With a growing economy, the Philippines requires more and better selected infrastructure investments given
its archipelagic landscape, expanding population and rapid urbanization. The more strategically distributed it
is, the better is for inclusive growth and sustainable development. The government also provides investments
in public infrastructure, implementation of strategic infrastructure programs and projects, updating of existing
plans and formulation of new plans, provision of adequate, reliable and safe access for people and goods,
improvements to sea and air transportation, large investments in energy, development of renewable energies,
electrification of far-flung territories, implementation of energy efficiency programs, and improvements of the
country’s information technology.
Tourism is considered as an important sector in the Philippine economy. Being a nation with a diverse species
of flora and fauna, the country provides sustainable measures in order to preserve its natural treasures. Notable
measures include implementation and promotion of ecotourism, diversification of existing destinations, creation
of new tourism areas and products, development of these products and services using community-based
approaches, and creating an environment conducive for ecotourism and agri-tourism investments.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.9.2 Review of the Regional Plan: Western Visayas Regional Development Plan, 2017-2022
“Western Visayas is a progressive region, where people are prosperous,
secure, healthy, happy, and conscientious stewards of culture, herutage,
and natural resources.”
The Western Visayas Regional Development Plan (WVRDP) follows
the same principles and parameters set by the PDP, using regional
perspective, including the frameworks under which socioeconomic
development was tackled. The beginning of the WVRDP includes a brief
assessment of the previous regional development plan as well as a
summary of the general socioeconomic situation in Western Visayas. It
is also in line with the AmBisyon Natin 2040, the long-term vision made
by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). NEDA
intends to build a secure, comfortable and strongly rooted life for all
Filipinos by 2040. This building can only be done by the bedrocks/
pillars that NEDA have identified: Malasakit, Pagbabago at Patuloy na
Pag-unlad.
In the same way as the PDP, these three pillars are followed in the
WVRDP and are covered section by section.
WESTERN VISAYAS SPATIAL STRATEGY
One of the challenges faced by Western Visayas is that the region
is composed of several islands. This provides difficulty in terms of
development and exposes the region to natural calamities such
as tsunamis and typhoons. Hence, the region’s spatial strategy is
composed of three (3) components: Concentration, Connectivity, and
Vulnerability Reduction.
Concentration intensifies urban development in identified areas. This is
to reduce encroachment on agricultural land, forest lands, and similar
protected lands. Four tiers of settlements were adopted which creates
regional, sub-regional, provincial, and local centers. Under this strategy
as well, the region will be clustered into information technology –
business process management center, tourism and ecotourism zones,
fishery and aquaculture centers, industrial estates and ecozones, and
agribusiness centers.
Connectivity. To further improve on Western Visayas economy and
industries, there is a need to improve on its connectivity. Given the
region’s strategic location, there is a need to improve and expand on
its transportation facilities. This strategy also brings in modernization of
mass transportation vehicles.
Reduction of Vulnerability takes into consideration climate change,
and provides measures to ensure preservation of natural resources,
decreasing risks and damages, as well as protection of its constituents.
TOURISM IN WESTERN VISAYAS
In the development and expansion of opportunities in tourism, the
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
number of tourist arrivals in the region expanded from 2.03 million
in 2009 to 4.63 million in 2015. Various actions have contributed to
the growth of this number such as the dissemination of information
regarding Western Visayas outside of the region and several marketing/
promotional activities. The tourist industry has generated PHP102.27
billion in 2015, as well as the creation of a large amount of employment.
The top destination in Western Visayas is Boracay and it has become
one of the country’s major port destinations for cruise ships.
Despite of all the statements made above, there is still room for
improvement in Western Visayas, especially in the fields of eco-tourism
and agri-tourism, which have yet to be fully explored. To cater to the
projected influx of tourists and migrants, the region’s infrastructure must
catch up as well. Local capacities to provide support services such as
comfort rooms are still lacking, which is an indicator that Western Visayas
still has much improvement to make in the realm of infrastructure. Poor
maintenance of signages and posts are common around Western
Visayas. In some sense there is also a lack of manpower and
experience regarding the aspect of tourism, the LGUs are frequently
undermanned and tour guides are not multilingual or not familiar with
the local culture or heritage. Similarly, heritage is also lacking in Western
Visayas, as traditional hands and crafts and museums are ignored, as
well as indigenous music and literature. Safety and security is also a
large problem, given that there are terrorist threats from the rural areas.
The framework of improvement is split into two categories: the
improvement of facilities, services and infrastructure, and the promotion,
appreciation and prevalence of local indigenous culture. A major
issue about Malay is that while Boracay itself already is a major tourist
destination, other places in Malay have been ignored despite their
toursim potential.
The improvement of facilities, services and infrastructure involve: the
identification and inventory of potential tourist areas, the development
of new areas with high tourism potential, the orientation of LGUs and
LCEs on the importance of tourism and the impact it has on local
socioeconomic conditions, the formulation of sustainable tourism plans,
the marketing of tourism attractions through the internet, the incentivization
of the private sector and LGU to invest in/build/upgrade the infrastructure
and amenities in the region, the production of multilingual tour guides
and enhanced production of promotional materials, the integration of
disaster risk management plans, the maintenance of signages and an
increase in security against terrorist activities.
On the other hand, there is the appreciation for local culture and
heritage, which involves: regular seminars and training courses for local
history, culture and heritage, beliefs and traditions, health and safety,
as well as on ecological integrity, preservation, and environmental
sustainability, the encouragement of tour operators and guides to use
DOT-approved and sanctioned promotional materials with a highlight
on local history and culture, and finally the documentation of traditional
artifacts, museum pieces, heritage, the promotion and preservation of
arts, crafts and music.
On the 2016 competitive ratings of cities and municipalities in Western
Visayas, Malay ranks first in Tourism while second in Infrastructure, and
fourth overall.
As one of the regional growth centers of Western Visayas, Malay also
has been making efforts as well to expand its sources of energy to keep
up with the macro-scale development thrusts. It has a project contributing
to the push of renewable energy, namely the Boracay Island Wind
Power Project, and there are actually two sites of this project. The realm
of ecotourism must also be explored more in Malay since there are only
two (2) developments—Boracay Eco Village Resort Tourism Ecozone
and New Coast Boracay Ecozone-- that have been approved by the
Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA). PEZA, being attached to
the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), is the Philippine government
agency tasked to promote investments, extend assistance, register,
grant incentives to and facilitate the business operations of investors
in export-oriented manufacturing and service facilities inside selected
areas throughout the country, overseeing and administering incentives
to developers/operators of and locators in world-class, ready-to-
occupy, environment-friendly, secured and competitively priced Special
Economic Zones.
There are also plans and ambitions within Malay to upgrade the
Caticlan Airport into a regional international airport, which would increase
the amount of tourist arrivals. Another area for improvement regarding
Malay, as stated in the report, is that the Caticlan Port is in severe need
of expansion. Much like Metro Manila, it lacks the carrying capacity to
accommodate the large amounts of both land and sea transportation
vehicles that pass through or access it, which leads to congestion and
failure of services.
A great challenge for Boracay is that the number of tourist arrivals is
more than the ecological carrying capacity of the region as stated
in the report. (However, the exact number of the carrying capacity
was not mentioned.) This leads to direct damage to the surrounding
ecosystems, resulting in environmental degradation. In response, there
are frameworks within the WVRDP with one that is heavily focused
on environmental preservation, which shall then guide the creation of
sustainable tourism plans.
9
1.9.3 Review of the Provincial Plan: Provincial Develompent and Physical Framework Plan of Aklan, 2014-2019
The Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan (PDPFP) of Aklan is a medium-term development Vision:
plan, which aligns itself with the long-term plan of the Philippine Development Plan (PDP).
“A progressive province whose empowered and peace loving people live amidst a safer environment, stable
The Province’s vulnerability has caused heavy damages in terms of casualties, damage costs, and decline and growing economy anchored on agro-ecological tourism development that is globally competitive and
in productivity. Hence, this PDPFP greatly emphasizes the significance of integrating Disaster Risk Reduction sustainable under a responsive and accountable governance.”
and Climate Change Adaptation into its framework, even down to the cities and municipalities’ land use and
ordinances. Two areas in the Aklan Province have been identified to be under NIPAS, which is the Aklan River To fulfill its vision, the PDPFP enumerated proposed some of its investment priority projects:
Watershed Forest Reserve and the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park. The PDPFP calls for the local 1. Improvement of Caticlan Airport (now Boracay Airport)
governments’ effort and strict implementation of environmental policies to preserve these areas, as well as and Kalibo Airport;
other areas that are considered protected areas to mitigate the effects of climate change. 2. Expansion of Jetty Port;
3. Marina Project and Wellness Center in Caticlan; and
Apart from environment preservation, the PDPFP also mentions plans to improve and enhance infrastructure 4. Improvement of roads linking the different ecotourism
as disaster risk reduction measures. Majority of land in Aklan is vulnerable to landslides. The Municipality of sites.
Malay has been identified to be at danger of rain-induced landslides. Therefore, the development plan also
mentions the importance of having proper design for infrastructure.

Recognizing Boracay’s contribution to the Province, the PDPFP highlights several concerns for the island’s
fragile ecology:
1. Uncontrolled development
2. Lack of institutional linkage and cooperation among the
stakeholders for the preservation of the Island’s natural
beauty

With these main issues concerning Boracay Island, the provincial development plan suggests that there
should be better packages offered by rival destinations, as well as promotion of other tourist attractions to
disperse economic gain to the rest of the Province. In relate to this, the Malay has also been identified by the
PDPFP as an emerging eco-tourism site.

In terms of Physical Framework, the PDPFP fully complements the Western Visayas RDP in creating clusters
and intensifying the density in urban areas. The physical framework has identified conflicts with regards to
land use for the local governments to revise accordingly in the CLUPs. The identified land use conflicts include
the Strong Republic Nautical Highway from Nabas to Malay which is prone to landslides due to degradation
of slops and deforestation; soil erosions in Poblacion and other barangays near Aklan River due to flash
floods; and areas declared as A&D within protected areas.

Municipality of Malay
10
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.9.4 Review of the Municipal Plan: Comprehensive Land Use Plan, 2013-2022

The CLUP 2013-2022 of the Municipality of Malay envisions the Municipality to be “A premier international Table 1.1 Land Classification 2000-2010 vs. 2013-2020
tourist Destination city endowed with a sustainable world class tropical beach and enriched cultural heritage.” CLUP 2000-2010 CLUP 2013-2020
This expresses the Municipality’s desire to preserve its existing environment, and to have world-class support
services and facilities. ACTUAL (has.) PROPOSED (has.) ACTUAL (has.)
BUILT UP AREA 178.93 320.98 486.73
The CLUP also shows the rapid increase of population in Boracay Island and uncontrolled growth of Residential 371.18
developments in the island; while population growth in the mainland showed a steady growth.
Commercial 87.87
Despite the tourism sector having a great performance for the past years, the other sectors (e.g. education, Ati Village 3.50
healthcare, infrastructure, etc.) have lagged. The lack of tertiary schools in the Municipality has also posed Institutional 24.18
concerns. Without proper education, local residents will not be able to maximize the development opportunities SOCIALIZED HOUSING SITE - 3.29 -
that Boracay’s tourism has brought in. Other concerns shown in the CLUP are the environmental degradation
that the uncontrolled development in Boracay, slow infrastructure progress due to conflicts on the road right CEMETERY 1.33 1.46 0.92
of way and acquisition of land, and the uneven growth in the Municipality. While there have been efforts PARKS AND OPEN SPACE 2.60 28.17 83.86
to disperse tourism development to the rest of Malay’s ecotourism sites, there have been difficulty with the EASEMENT AND BUFFER
accessibility to these sites. Construction of new housing units in the mainland is also mentioned, albeit not 438.06 432.64
ZONE
being realized yet in the existing land use of 2013-2022.
DUMPSITE 1.29 1.29
In anticipation of the further growth of Boracay and the other barangays, developing grasslands as addition FOREST 1,569.41 1,560.58 2,120.38
to their built up areas has been reflected in the proposed land use of Malay. Represented in the table below is Wetlands 16.32
an initial comparison of the existing land use in 2000-2010, showing both the proposed and actual land use.
GRASSLAND 641.38 -
INFRA/UTILITIES 9.30 9.00 139.93
Utilities 40.50
MRF 2.13
Sanitary Landfill 6.20
Roads 90.83
Slaughterhouse 0.27
PROTECTED AREA 838.01 838.00
RESTRICTED AREA 3.76 8.55
AGRICULTURAL 1,961.68 2,399.83 2,268.85
ECO-TOURISM 982.29 1,016.05 205.13
ROAD 88.16 108.99
WHARF 0.22 1.16
LAKE 14.58 0.70

Municipality of Malay
11
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Figure 1.13 Land Use Plan- Municipality of Malay (2013-2022)
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP 2013-2022
Figure 1.15 Zoning Plan - Barangay Sambiray (2013-2022)
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP 2013-2022

Figure 1.16 Zoning Plan - Barangay Poblacion (2013-2022)

Figure 1.14 Zoning Plan - Barangay Caticlan (2013-2022) Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP 2013-2022
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP 2013-2022

Municipality of Malay
12
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Figure 1.17 Zoning Plan - Barangay Manoc-manoc (2013-2022) Figure 1.19 Zoning Plan - Barangay Yapak (2013-2022)
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP 2013-2022 Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP 2013-2022

Figure 1.18 Zoning Plan - Barangay Balabag (2013-2022)

Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP 2013-2022

Municipality of Malay
13
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.9.5 Review of the Boracay Integrated Tourism Master Plan, 2007
The Boracay Integrated Tourism Master Plan of 2007 was formulated
to solve the issues and concerns of Boracay Island, which are still
observable today, especially the influx of visitors and its effects. Among
the identified deviation areas are: Carabao Island, Malay Mainland,
Buruanga, and Nabas.
For a planning period of twenty-five (25) years, the plan aims to
redistribute tourism development throughout the Boracay mini-region,
redirect tourists’ attention and development opportunities, create a
variety of tourism circuits, redirect investment, re-plan and re-zone
Boracay Island, and control development within Boracay Island by
reviewing and updating the restrictions and regulations.
The study recognized some development concerns namely water
supply source and distribution, ecological diversity threat, accessibility,
land use and zoning regulation/control measures and implementation,
power distribution, sewage and waste disposal, and flooding.
An analysis of the island’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats were also presented:
Strengths:
1. Extensive coastlines and beachfronts
2. Fine white sand beaches
3. Presence of mountain springs, forest trails, view decks, caves
and dive sites
4. Diverse water sports activities
5. Access to Kalibo International Airport and Caticlan International
Airport
6. Access to Caticlan and Cagban Jetty Ports
7. Presence of cell sites
8. Developed road infrastructure
9. Water supply from Nabaoy River
10. Internet Access
Weaknesses:
1. Presence of landslide-prone/mountainous/steep sloped
areas
2. Susceptibility to natural calamities (e.g. typhoons,
earthquakes,
and tsunamis)
3. Saltwater and waste water intrusion to groundwater supply
4. Solid waste disposal and sewerage system has exceeded
its capacity.
Opportunities:
1. Integrated tourism circuit for mini-region
14
2. Possible increase in investments and tourist receipts and
potential development of tourist sites
3. Increase in economic growth brought by provision of social
services and infrastructure for the mini-region
4. Protection, conservation and enhancement of urban and
natural environment
5. Boracay as a renowned tourism area
6. Cultural ethnicity
7. Integrated and Green transportation system due to presence
of airport (Caticlan Airport/Boracay Airport), Caticlan
and Cagban Jetty Ports
8. Balanced tourism development
9. Green transportation and Pedestrianization
10. Area Beautification
11. Sewage Treatment Plant and Integrated Solid Watw
Management
12. Environmental Protection and Enhancement
13. Eco-tourism Promotion
Threats:
1. Loss of high-quality sand due to building construction without
setback, and concrete on the sand
2. Ubcontrolled development (Urban Development and Tourist
Influx)
3. Improper waste disposal leading to water contamination
4. Forest denudation
5. Sanitation and Sewerage system problems
6. Pollution (Land, Water, Air, Visual, Light and Noise)
7. Coastal erosion and transgression along the main beach
8. Uglification of the area
9. Uncontrolled tourist influx
10. Encoordinated efforts towards development planning
11. Undefined and overlapping functions of LGUs and NGA
12. Damage to property brought by natural hazards and
calamities
The following Issues and Concerns were also identified:
1. Aquifer is contaminated with human fecal pollution
2. Fresh ground water supply is limited within the island
3. Sea water has encroached inland leading to high chloride
levels
4. Over extraction of ground water may result to salt water
intrusion and eventually land subsidence
5. Uncontrolled dumpsites cause leachate to flow to groundwater
supply
6. Threat of natural / geo-hazard (typhoons, landslides,
subsidence, flooding and tsunamis)
7. Coastal erosion and transgression among the main beach
8. Increasing levels of greenhouse gases from vehicles and
burning of wastes
9. Health hazard implications of the dumpsite
10. Air pollution and traffic congestion aggravated by increasing
number of motorized vehicles in the island.
Furthermore, the study introduced the following Tourism Policy Directions
and Strategies:
1. Boracay Island, Carabao Island, Buruanga, Nabas, Malay
BCBNM) as Integrated Tourism and Economic and
Protectiion Zone
2. Ecosystems approach to tourism management and
environmental protection (Carabao Island and Boracay
Island as tourism anchors, with Carabo Island serving
as catchment area of Boracay tourists.)
3. BCBNM as alternative destination for Eco-tourism, wellness,
adventure, education and agricultural tourism
(agritourism for Malay mainland, Nabas and Buruanga)
4. Improving Strategic Access to and within the BCBNM region
- Improving progressive infrastructure: Caticlan Airport,
San Jase Carabo Island Airport, RORO sea transport
links and facilities
- Conversion to electric jeeps and vehicles for inner-city
transportation
5. Design and implementation of new CLUPs and Zoning
Ordinances
Finally, the master plan established the following recommendations:
1. Develop Carabao Island as a sustainable tourism destination
to decongest tourism traffic in Boracay Island
2. No Build Zone 30 meters from edge of mean high water mark
measured inland. The 25-meter to 30-meter area will be
considered as a pedestrian alley.
3. Height regulations of 14 meters / 3 storys
4. Development charges for projects higher than 14 meters
5. Develop social services (i.e. health care, education, housing/
settlement, sports and recreation and sociak welfare)
6. Ports development (form ports integration master plan)
7. Six (6) interconnected STPs
8. Sewer interceptor around the island
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.9.6 Review of the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)
The National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992
identifies portions of land and water of unique physical and biological
significance, that will be managed to enhance biological diversity
and protect against destructive human exploitation. It is defined as the
classification and administration of all designated protected areas to
maintain essential ecological processes and life-support systems, to
sustainable use of resources found therein, and to maintain their natural
conditions to the greatest extent possible.
Additionally, the act is aligned with the Wildlife Resources Conservation
and Protection Act (R.A. 9147), Caves and Cave Resources
Management and Protection Act (R.A. No. 9071) and the Philippine
Mining Act of 1995 (R.A. No. 7942).
NIPAS areas include outstandingly remarkable areas and biologically
important public lands and ancestral domains that are habitats of rare
and endangered species of plants and animals, bio-geographic zones
and related ecosystems, whether terrestrial, wetlands or marine, all of
which shall be designated as “protected areas”.
Under the Act, the following policies were determined:
1. There shall be a policy of contiguousness of protected
areas and the use of police power and eminent domain
to make each protected area whole, if necessary and
applicable.
2. Protected areas should complement each other in
terms of taxonomic representation, actual species
migration patterns, maintenance of essential ecological
processes and life support systems, and efficiency in
conservation costs.
3. The management plan of protected areas shall be
integrated with the comprehensive land use plan of the
local government units.
4. The management of the NIPAS shall contribute to
achievement of significant reduction in the rate of
biodiversity loss in long-term targets.
The protected areas are divided into eight (8) categories: Strict Nature
Reserve, Natural Park, Natural Monument, Wildlife Sanctuary, Protected
Landscapes and Seascapes, Resource Reserve, Natural Biotic Areas,
Other categories established by law, conventions or international
agreements which the Philippine Government is a signatory.
The Act also states, under Rule 10, that there shall be a general
management planning strategy to serve as guide in formulating
individual plans for each protected area, having the following minimum
components:
1. Description of the protected area;
2. Situational analysis including key management issues
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
and concerns;
3. Goals and objectives;
4. Management strategies interventions;
5. Description of management zones as well as major
activities allowed/prohibited therein;
6. 5-year work and financial plan for the implementation of
the Management Plan; and
7. Monitoring and evaluation
The Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) is the governing
body that ensures that the management plan is integrated into
the comprehensive land-sea use plans of the LGUs including the
complementation of activities. The PAMB shall likewise ensure the
harmonization of the Management Plan and the ancestral domain
plans of ICCs/IPs. The administration and management of the NIPAS is
placed under the control of the DENR.
The following are the Prohibited Acts defined under the twenty-first rule
of the Act:
• Hunting, destroying, disturbing, or mere possession
of any plants or animals or products derived from the
protected areas without a permit from the Management
Board;
• Dumping of any waste products detrimental to the
protected area, or to the plants and animals or
inhabitants therein;
• Use of any motorized equipment without permit from the
Management Board;
• Mutilating, defacing or destroying objects of natural
beauty, or objects of interest to cultural communities (of
scenic value);
• Damaging and leaving roads and trails in a damaged
condition;
• Squatting or otherwise occupying land;
• Mineral locating with protected areas;
• Constructing and maintaining any kind of structure,
fence or enclosures, conducting any business enterprise
without permit;
• Leaving in an exposed or unsanitary conditions refuse
or debris, or depositing in ground or in bodies of water; and
• Altering, removing, destroying or defacing boundary
mark or signs.
Except, however, some actions may be allowed by the nature of their
categories and pursuant to rules and regulations governing the same.
There are two (2) NIPAS areas identified in the Province of Aklan:
the Aklan River Watershed Forest Reserve and the Northwest Panay
Peninsula Natural Park.
The Northwest Panay Peninsula Park is categorized as a Natural
Park. Its natural features include relatively large biodiversities and rich
ecosystems capable of sustaining/maintaining ecological processes
or functions. Its management objectives are Biodiversity conservation
and maintenance of natural ecological processes, nature recreation,
research and scientific studies and environmental monitoring.
Allowable human activities are limited to nature recreation and regulated
resource use (consistent with the management plan except cutting of
naturally growing trees subject to PAMB clearance).
In the Philippines, there are a total number of 559 protected areas,
covering a terrestrial land area of 4,576,200 hectares or 15.32% of the
total land area. Protected marine area covers 2,126,900 hectares or
1.16% of the total marine area.
The Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park was proclaimed as a
natural park in April 18, 2002 through the Proclamation No. 186 by
former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. It is the last significant
lowland rainforest in the whole Panay-Negros biological area. With an
area of 12,040 hectares, it is home to a wide range of flora and fauna of
Western Visayas including the Visayan leopard cat, the Visayan warty
pig, the Visayan spotted deer, the Negros bleeding-heart dove, the
Blue-naped parrot, the Visayan hornbill, and the Panay monitor lizard.
The natural park is located on the northwestern tip of Panay and
includes parts of the provinces of Aklan and Antique. A total of 4,764
hectares are within the municipalities of Buruanga, Malay and Nabas
in Aklan, and 7,276 hectares are in the municipalities of Libertad and
Pandan in Antique.
The Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park is also an important
watershed. The forests channel rainwater into a system of springs and
rivers that provice water for over 100,000 inhabitants, including the water
supply for Boracay Island.
15
1.9.7 Review of the Sustainable Tourism Management Plan for the Central Philippines (2007)

The Sustainable Tourism Management Plan was established by former President Gloria Macapagal – Arroyo
in her State of the Nation Address (SONA) way back July of 2006. The plan emphasizes the central region
of the Philippines which includes the regions of: MIMAROPA; Bicol; Central, Western, and Eastern Visayas;
Zamboanga Peninsula; Northern Mindanao, and CARAGA.
Based on studies conducted, the Central Philippines is a region of diverse ecological and cultural attractions
which includes a series of pristine and white sandy beaches, diverse marine life, and UNESCO heritage
sites. The government therefore wants to develop the region’s potential as a region of economic activity and
diversification, and envisions the region to be the country’s premium destination on account of its range of
natural attractions and cultural heritage. In line with this, the tourism management plan aimed to: 1) formulate
an integrated sustainable tourism management plan for the Central Philippines, and 2) identify viable critical
environmental, infrastructure, and community-based projects to link and integrate tourism development of the
area.
To make the vision for this plan a reality; planning, stimulation, and adjustments to management are required.
Although the plan is highly achievable, the proponents identified some challenges regarding tourism which
include but not limited to: direct international access; seamless interconnectivity; world-class facilities and
products; sustainable tourism product development; capacity-building; infrastructure development to attract
investment; marketing connectivity; and improved business environment.
In order to achieve the program, it was recommended that the central region of the Philippines should invest
in a program which will address current deficiencies such as infrastructure, marketing, product development,
environmental protection, enhancement and human resources development. The investment on such projects
or programs are expected to generate increased earnings from tourism, job generation, increased income,
contribution to foreign exchange earnings, enhancement of living standards among communities, and
environmental conservation.
Also, the tourism industry has a lot of economic values, i.e. boosting output of GDP; employment generation;
tax revenue to government; income generation at community level; foreign exchange earnings; and linkages
with other sectors of economy.
The tourism management plan not only wants to boost the tourism industry in the central Philippines but also
implores to address the challenges regarding various sectors such as the socio-economic and infrastructure.
Currently, the region faces lack of development in its nautical highway system, road network, airports, power
and water supplies, solid waste disposal, sewage and communication facilities.

Based on the challenges and criteria defined, Strategic Destination Areas (SDA’s) have been designated:
Boracay and Carabao Island,Iloilo and Negros Occidental,Cebu,Bohol, and Palawan. Meanwhile, three
emerging SDA’s were also identified, namely Negros Oriental, Samar and Leyte, andBicol. As of 2006,
the provinces with the highest number of tourist arrivals are (from greatest to least): Cebu, Boracay, Negros
Occidental, Iloilo, Camarinnes Sur, Bohol and Camiguin, Palawan, Guimaras, Negros Oriental, and Tacloban.

Municipality of Malay
16
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.9.8 Review of the Boracay Island Master Development Plan, 1990
The Island of Boracay is considered to be one of the premiere
destinations in the world. It demonstrates its ability to generate large
amounts of tourist traffic year-round for the Philippines. However the
Island’s ability to keep up with the demands and tolls of its popularity
has been shown to be gradually decreasing; and to properly maintain
the Island, all of the stakeholders must work together to implement the
necessary changes and take the measures needed for the Island’s
upkeep.
Some of the problems identified are the following; the stakeholders
demonstrate apathy or their lack of concern towards the degradation
of natural environment/resources. Programs are divided and
uncoordinated and appear to only benefit the private sector instead of
the Island and its residents. The Island also suffers from the loss of its
identity. Some of the names of places and cuisine among others do
not reflect the local culture. There is a need for additional tourist facilities
such as sea ports, clinics, hospitals, and information centers, as they
are currently lacking. The lack of proper tourist facilities may lead to
tourists to feel that they are simply being squeezed in for money without
being properly taken care of.
There is also no integrated development plan for the Island; guest
accommodations are continuously being built one after another to keep
up with the influx of guests during peak seasons. This hinders tourists
from fully enjoying the experience as construction during peak times
produce loud noises, pollution, and traffic congestion.
The damages are isolated in Boracay Island but the effects are felt all the
way to the mainland. To remedy this, the Island should prioritize quality
of service rather than quantity. The architecture of buildings should be
considered as a component of the tourism resources. The disorganized
sense of arrivals should be eliminated. One way is to provide tourist
information centers that will guide tourists on how to get around the
Municipality and the Island upon arrival at the airport. Information such
as tricycle fares should also be provided to avoid confusion among
tourists and to ensure them that they are being charged appropriately. To
effectively solve these problems, and implement the recommendations,
the cooperation of the private sector with the local government unit is
paramount.
The objective of this master development plan to revitalize the title
Boracay once was named – Paradise. At the same time to redefine the
meaning of “travel” by offering something new, unfamiliar, and different
to dwellers.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Boracay consists of three components with equal importance,
namely its ecology and environment, its tourists, and its residences.
It is important for these three (3) elements to be given equal amount of
importance. One should be extra cautious in accessing which element
should prevail or take precedence over the others as it influences the
statement of the Guide Policy, for every element.
Visitors of Boracay are diversified with different needs. As the number
of visitors to Boracay grows, so does the needs and demands of the
travelers; met at the expense of the natural resources of the Island.
The ignorance to the damage made to the Island is hurting its natural
elements – the very reason for its appeal.
The current challenge and goal is to regain Boracay’s paradisiacal
character and enhance it through the many other assets in the Island
that are barely-touched. Nevertheless, the preservation of the Island
should be the first consideration as the Island is relatively small and
what it can hold and sustain is limited. Boracay’s capacity for visitors’
accommodations and gradual increase in local population is another
challenge that needs to be addressed.
The concentration of the planning progress for the development of
Boracay should be towards its efficiency in the identity of Boracay. It
is also a goal for Boracay to be dominated by greeneries in terms of
visual impact rather than buildings, in order to maintain its provocative
idyllic character.
Current developments in front of the beach have turned into a wall
barricade separating the beach from the inner Island. An alternative for
such a layout is the staggering of structures for building clusters and the
provision of open spaces.
Such clustering layout enhances the general character of the
development with individual structure conforming to the particular motif
that is connected by a series of pathways. The provision of open spaces,
which is the focal feature, serves as a locus for social interaction. The
adaptation of such layout calls for a few considerations, namely the
pooling of septic tanks in a coordinating manner; coordination in the
landscaping of individual clusters; the sharing of deep wells as source
water supply; and the implementation of principles of tropical design
and architecture.
The best development strategy for the land use plan stresses to
appropriate the apportioning of land. Boracay is divided into three
distinct sections, namely: North Hills or Barangay Yapak Hills, South
Hills or Barangay Manoc-Manoc Hills, and the relatively flat and
narrow section that connects the two hills. The Master Development
Plan is based on a unified land use scheme with an emphasis on the
importance of conservation, protection, and the enhancement of the
natural environment. At the same time, to optimize the potentials of its
various features to provide diverse settings for tourism related activities.
Facilities and amenities will be added to the Island of Boracay with the
goal of promoting alternative outdoor activities and to provide better
services to both the locals and travellers. All these facilities will be
connected by a 20 meter tourist way that is comprised of a 6-meter
wide wheeled-vehicle or carriage way; pedestrian ways and cycle
paths; and planting strips and open drainage channels. The total
length of the Tourist Way will be 23.64 kilometers and will occupy an
area of 47.28 hectares.
Sanctions should be imposed assuring that the essence of the
existence of Boracay as one of the country’s premier tourist attractions
may not only be reverted and maintained, but ultimately intensified.
The general plans of the master development plan are to set:
mandatory development setbacks along the “Long Beach” and other
beaches; height restrictions; mandatory direct beachfront access for
interior lots and developments; and development density restrictions.
The transportation system in Boracay Island has four major concerns,
namely: the Island’s tourism industry, its effects on the environment, its
impact to the Island’s resident community, and the circulation system
of the Island as a whole.
The final report of the Boracay Island Master Development Plan
consists of the following processes, respectively: the review and
approval of the development proposals, the review and approval
process, the introduction, and its general considerations. Its review
procedure consists of the following: the presentation of development
concepts, the preliminary design review, the final design review, its
preliminary and final stake-out review and the issuance of the property
improvement permit.
17
1.9.9 Review of the 6-Month Action Plan and the National Agencies’ Rehabilitation Plan
The following information was obtained from the 4th of May, 2018 update report of the local government of
Malay.
For the 6-month rehabilitation of Boracay Island, the local government of Malay listed the following deliverables:
a. Clean water discharge
b. Zero solid waste
c. Fix Bulabog drainage system
d. Clear shores of easement violators
e. Recover wetlands
f. Widen roads
As of May 4, 2018, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) recorded a total of 159
structures that have encroached the 25+5 beach easement, mostly located in BarangayManoc-manoc with
75% of the total number of structures. Demolition orders were issued to the non-compliant establishments and,
by then, ten (10) have complied. The same orders have also been served to 13 establishments which were
not included in the furnished list of violators by the DENR.
On the other hand, the road widening affected 579 structures along the main roads of the Island. Most of the
establishments are found in Barangay Manoc-manoc.
According to the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), the widening of the 6.2 km. road will
include the reconstruction of the drainage system, with a budget of 300 million. Demolition orders were also
served to a total of 172 establishments that encroached the 12-meter road right of way (RROW).For the wetland
issue, the DENR had conducted ground survey and delineation.
The Malay-LGU also listed projects and accomplishments regarding their solid waste management:
Information and Education Campaign (IEC) for Environmental Awareness, Waste Analysis and Characterization
Study, House-to-House, Establishment-to-Establishment Monitoring and IEC Campaign, and Private-Public-
Partnership (PPP) for Solid waste management. Most of these projects have been completed and schools
under the program have produced 1,200 eco-bricks (approximately 120 kilogram of residual waste diverted).
Assessment and evaluation of the affected sectors were also conducted to address the assistance needs
of the constituents of the municipality. For the affected families of the Boracay closure, the Municipal Social
Welfare Development Office (MSWDO) administered Disaster Assistance Family Access Card (DAFAC). As of
May 3, 2018, a total of 7,091 DAFACs were issued.
Financial assistance for transportation and food was given to 3,115 displaced individuals who are not natives
of the Island. The amount released totaled to 7.1 million pesos.
Since Malay is 95% dependent on the tourism industry of Boracay Island, its closure affected all community
members and local government units. Even though the State of Calamity proclamation was only directed to
the three barangays of the Island, around 5,000 households or 25,000 people from the mainland are greatly
affected. In response to this, the Malay LGU highly recommended a re-evaluation and re-assessment of the
closure impact.
18
Boracay Emergency Employment Program (BEEP)
Alongside with the various programs and projects in relation to Boracay closure is the Boracay Emergency
Employment Program (BEEP) headed by the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), and assisted
by other national government agencies, namely Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD),
Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Department of Tourism (DOT), Department of Agriculture (DA),
Department of Science and Technology (DOST), and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
(TESDA). These national government agencies were tasked to provide safety nets for all displaced workers
and micro, small and medium enterprises.
The BEEP, under the DOLE, are including the following activities: Adjustment Measures Program, Emergency
Employment, Government Internship Program, Job Fair, Social Preparations Training, and Livelihood
Assistance.
The DSWD holds the following programs: Sustainable Livelihood Program, Cash/Food for Work Program,
BalikProbinsya Transportation Assistance, temporary suspensions of the compliance of PantawidPamilyang
Pilipino Program (4Ps) conditionals and setting-up of evacuation centers.
The DOT conducted Training for Tourism Related Establishments (TREs); while the DTI conducted a special
training for employment program (STEP) which enrolled 809 individuals.
The DOST conducted the following: 12 Technology-based Livelihood Trainings, inclusion of Boracay products
in DOST OneStore E-commercial portal, technical assistance in product development and packaging, solid
waste management, and restructuring of Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SET-UP) Innovation
System Support Fund (ISSF) assistance.
Infrastructure
The rehabilitation of Boracay Island is mostly concerned with the water utility infrastructure. The execution
plan includes pipe laying of needed water supply pipes, construction/installation of pumping stations, road
restorations, construction of waste water treatment plant, and some retrofitting works.
The Boracay Island Water Company (BIWC), in coordination with the national thrust, committed to reroute the
existing drainage outfalls to their sewage treatment plant (STP).
The Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority (TIEZA) drainage pumping station and outfall project
was on 15.85% accomplishment as of the said report date (the date of which the project was started was not
mentioned in the report). The Malay-LGU found this slow and recommended to hasten the progress.
From April to May of 2018, the BoracayTubi System Inc. (BTSI) was assigned to de-clog 900-meters worth of
drainage.By the said report date, they were able to finish 95% of their assigned task.
There was also a gathering of data regarding the quality of waste water for a study to properly design the
drainage outfall interceptor as a compact water treatment plant. The jar testing has been conducted starting
May of 2018.
Finally, the BTSI sought additional areas for the expansion of mangrove plantations. They have also started
cleaning the Lugutan Area where the mangrove forest is located.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
1.9.10 Synthesis of the Reviews of the Higher Development Plans,
Programs and Projects
The Malay Master Plan for Tourism is aligned with the goals set forth by various national and local plans, such
as the Philippine Development Plan (PDP), Western Visayas Regional Development Plan (RDP), Provincial
Development and Physical Framework Plan (PDPFP), and Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP), to pursue
an inclusive economic growth and to ensure that the Municipality’s vision is achieved. Having such baseline
information can provide opportunities in the development and implementation of relevant long-term and
sustainable programs, projects and activities that are comprehensive, integrative and climate responsive.
Moreover, the goal of higher level plans is to direct the future micro-scale developments and the overall growth
of the entire Municipality of Malay.
The CLUP of Malay showed some significant similarities and connections with the national and regional plans.
They aligned in a more general sense where development is centered in the social and economic agenda, as
well as comprehensive growth, environmental protection and preservation. Fostering cultural awareness and
preserving or developing heritage sites were also mentioned, among others.
Apart from the aligned development programs, the CLUP provided further strategies while determining the
constraints on each sector. The study enumerated the following current developments and constraints:
general topography of the land, limited transport facilities, disaster risks and vulnerabilities, lack of tourism
manpower, insufficient health facilities and manpower, lack of safety and security, insufficient agricultural yield,
unbalanced tourism development, rapid rise in tourist arrivals, issues on solid waste management, inefficient
sewerage and drainage systems, lack of walkability and vegetation, environmental degradation and issues
on land ownership.
Upgrading the means of accessibility, specifically the airport and the sea port, aligns with the goal of the
Philippine National Tourism Plan (NTDP) and the Provincial Development Physical Framework Plan (PDPFP)
of Aklan, which is to improve market access and connectivity to become a more competitive tourist destination
and product with improved institutional, governance and human resource capacities. The NTDP focuses on
policy making strategies in order to implement actions to achieve its goal.

All plans intersect on the following common aspirations: Along with some developments issues and constraints, the Malay Master Plan for Tourism specifically aims
1. Becoming a model for sustainable development to become a model for sustainable community development, environment preservation in equilibrium with
2. Preserving the environment and balancing developments development, support system of tourism industry improvement, such as institutional sector and facilities (e.g.
3. Improving the support systems of the tourism industry e.g. institutional services and facilities (educational, education, health, and governance), agricultural; and accessibility improvement to enhance market access
healthcare, and governance), agriculture, etc. and connectivity to become a more competitive tourist destination, not only with improved institutions, but also
with noble governance and human resources capacity.
The top five (5) endeavors all lead to these common but more specific programs:
1. To balance tourism (or general) developments (between urban and rural areas, or between any distinct
areas)
2. To preserve tribe lands or ancestral domain including their culture and traditions;
3. To improve Agricultural and Fisheries productivity;
4. To enhance public infrastructure; and
5. To develop into a premier tourist destination (in Asia or the world)

It was also significant to study the old plans like the Boracay Integrated Tourism Master Plan of 2006 and the
Boracay Island Master Development Plan of 1990 because it revealed that the recent uncovered critical issues
have already been observed before.

Municipality of Malay
19
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Municipality of Malay
21
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.1 Municipality of Malay Vision and Mission

VISION

“ The premier international tourist destination city endowed with a sustainable world class tropical beach and
enriched cultural heritage.
”
MISSION

“ To achieve our vision, we the people of Malay are committed to: Preserve and enrich our spiritual, cultural,
and moral values; Provide effective and efficient delivery of basic services; Provide adequate and functional
infrastructures; Strengthen people’s participation in local governance; Pursue sustainable development and
utilization of natural resources; Encourage investments for globally competitive tourism industry.
”

Municipality of Malay
23
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.2 Historical Background
Anthropologic history started in the Philippines when the first people
arrived in the islands some 25,000 years ago. Today, their direct
descendants who we call indigenous peoples are known by different
names on various islands, but the Spanish classified them generally
as “negritos” because of their dark skin. In the Western Visayas, the
indigenous people call themselves “Ati” and can be found primarily on
the islands of Panay, Guimaras and Negros.
The Atis are the first people to call Panay home. Their settlements
spread all over the island including on the present-day Municipality
of Malay, and people inhabited the place even before the Spaniards
came to the country. Historically, the people of Malay get its sustenance
from fishing, farming and hunting.
Around 1900s, it was reported that a certain Sofia Gonzales Tirol and
her husband Lamberto Hontiveros Tirol gained ownership of substantial
properties on Boracay Island, and planted coconuts, fruit trees and
other greenery. Other people then followed the Tirols, and cultivation
and development of the island gradually spread.
Years after the Second World War, the Municipality of Malay was created
in the Province of Capiz on June 15, 1949 from the barrio of Malay
and surrounding barrios which were then part of Buruanga. Malay
derived its name from the word “Maeay” which refers to an exotic tiny
fish that abounds the river adjacent to the first settlement area known
as “Paho”, now the site of the present Catholic and private cemetery.
The municipality then included the following barrios: Malay (poblacion,
seat of local government), Dumlog, Kabulihan, Balusbos, Nabaoy,
Cubay Norte, Cubay Sur, Cogon, Argao, Sambiray, Caticlan, Manoc-
Manoc, Balabag, Yapak, Motag, Napaan and Naasug. On April 25
1956, Malay became a municipality of the newly created province of
Aklan through the Republic Act No. 1414- An Act to Create the Province
of Aklan, having Boracay Island under its jurisdiction.
Tourism came particularly to the island of Boracay beginning sometime
in the 1970s when an American movie called “The Losers” was filmed
there. In 1978, Proclamation No. 1801 was passed by former President
Ferdinand E. Marcos declaring certain islands, coves and peninsulas in
the country as Tourist Zones and Marine Reserve under the administration
and control of the then Philippine Tourism Authority (PTA), now known as
Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority (TIEZA). Boracay
Island is one among the declared islands. The proclamation provided
that “no development projects or construction for any purposes shall
be introduced within the zones without prior approval of the President of
the Philippines upon recommendation of the PTA”. Furthermore, it also
stated that “all proclamations, decrees or executive orders inconsistent
herewith are hereby revoked or modified accordingly”. Following this
proclamation, the island then became popular as a budget destination
for backpackers.
Boracay was acclaimed as the best in the world since the 1990’s until
24
environmental problems arose in 1997 and persisted until the present With an area of 1,006.64 hectares, Boracay Island continuously
day. The boom in tourism industry, particularly in Boracay Island, hosts the increasing arrival of local and foreign tourists. The boom in
stimulated the economic uptrend in the municipality. tourism thus provided the people with greater opportunity for livelihood
and employment. On April 26, 2018, Boracay Island was temporarily
In October 1991, an act providing for a Local Government Code was closed for rehabilitation which is expected to be opened to the public
passed through Republic Act No. 7160 declaring that the territorial and on October 2018. Nevertheless, it is blessed with a natural geographic
political subdivisions shall enjoy local autonomy in order to attain fullest wonder which earned it the titles of “World’s Best Beach” in 2012 and
development as self-reliant communities and make them more effective “Best Island of the World” in 2016. Hence, the people of Malay call and
partners in the achievement of national goals. In terms of tourism, the promote it as “Our Home, Your Destination”.
act stated that municipalities shall provide the tourism facilities and other
tourist attractions, including the acquisition of equipment, regulation Since then, the focus had always been on Boracay Island. It was only
and supervision of business concessions, and security services for recently that the potentials of the mainland for ecotourism were heralded
such facilities. On the other hand, provincial governments shall ensure through the formulation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan and
tourism development and conduct promotional programs, while the Zoning Ordinance, which covers and guides the municipal sectoral
Sangguniang Bayan shall regulate the use of land and structures within developments from the year 2013 to 2022.
the municipality including cafes, restaurants, bars, accommodation
occupancies, tourist guides and transportation.
Pursuant to Republic Act No. 7916, which provided for the legal
framework and mechanisms for the creation, operation, administration
and coordination of special economic zones (also creating the Philippine
Economic Zone Authority or PEZA), parcels of land of the private
domain situated at Barangay Yapak in Boracay Island were created
and designated as Tourism Economic Zone through Proclamation No.
803 in 2005. However, no parts of the mainland of the municipality has
been regarded as a tourism economic zone. Its ecotourism potentials
have not yet been fully noticed by this time.
In 1997, Republic Act No. 8371, an act to recognize, protect and promote
the rights of indigenous cultural communities/indigenous peoples, was
passed. In compliance to this law, the Ati Villages in both the mainland
and Boracay Island were created to properly designate their ancestral
domains and preserve the cultural ethnicity of the municipality. Presently,
these villages are considered as potential tourist attractions that promote
the significance of history and culture.
The developments in Boracay Island were further controlled by
Proclamation No. 1064 of 2006, upon the recommendation of the
Secretary of DENR, classifying its territories into forestland (protection
purposes) and agricultural land (alienable and disposable) pursuant
to Presidential Decree No. 705 which is the Revised Forestry Reform
Code of the Philippines. PD No. 705 aims for the proper classification,
management and utilization of the lands of the public domain to
maximize productivity to meet the demands of increasing population.
In 2008, the island was then officially declared as a tourist zone under
the main administration and control of the TIEZA, formerly known as
PTA, through Executive Order No. 706 by Former President Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo.
Figure 2.1 The Ati people lived by fishing, farming and hunting.
Photo by: Jacob Maentz
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.3 Physical and Environmental Characteristics
A. Geographic Location
The municipality of Malay is located at the northwestern tip of Panay,
north and northwest of Panactacan Mountain Range. It is bounded on
the North by Sibuyan and Sulu Sea, on the East by municipality of
Nabas, West by municipality of Buruanga and South by province of
Antique. Cadastral location is from 121, 52’, 00’” and 121, 29’, 00” E
longitude and from 11, 50’, 00” and 12, 00’ 00” N latitude. It includes
Boracay Island with an area of 1,006.6 hectares. Distance of the town
from Kalibo, the provincial capital is 76.0 kilometers passing through
Tulingon Point, but is 104 kilometers via the Libertad, Antique road.

B. Political Boundaries
Malay is divided into the mainland and the Boracay Island, and is
politically sub-divided into seventeen (17) barangays. On the mainland,
it is composed of barangays Balusbos, Motag, Cubay Norte and Sur,
and Argao on the northernmost area; barangay Caticlan and Sambiray
on the east; barangays Napaan and Nabaoy on the south; and
barangays Dumlog, Naasug, Poblacion and Kabulihan on the west.

Meanwhile in Boracay Island, barangay Yapak is located at the north,

barangay Balabag at the center, and barangay Manoc-manoc at the
south.

Table 2.1 Barangays with Land Area

Barangay Land Area (has.)
Argao 80.62
Balabag 313.81
Balusbos 50.40
Kabulihan 336.59
Caticlan 486.32
Cogon 69.65
Cubay Norte 52.58
Cubay Sur 87.07
Dumlog 182.58
Manoc-manoc 303.26
Motag 69.02
Figure 2.2 Location Map of Malay
Naasug 345.75 Source: www.openstreetmap.org
Nabaoy 1,610.42
Napaan 2,004.14
Poblacion 103.33
Sambiray 122.82
Yapak 382.65
Total Land Area 6,601.00
Source: PhilGIS

Municipality of Malay
25
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
C. Topography, Elevation, and Slope 2. Elevation
The elevation of the land can be interpreted from the topographic map. Unless more refined elevation
categories are desired, only those elevation ranges necessary to understanding the differences in ecological
1. Topography characteristics may be delineated such as the following:
The topographic map of Malay shows that 60.2 percent of the land area of the Municipality is classified as
hilly to mountainous. This rugged profile can be found in the southern barangays while lowland and gently - Below 500 m - Warm lowland
sloping areas are located near the shoreline. In Boracay Island, about two thirds of the total land area falls - 500 m – 1,000 m - Warm – cool upland
between 8-18% slopes. - Above 1,000 m - Cool highland

The highest points of the land can be found in Barangays Nabaoy, Napaan and Yapak, while the coastal
areas remain the lowest.

3. Slope

Figure 2.3 Topography of the Municipality of Malay

Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

Mountain ranges that occupy one third of Malay mainland are irregular in shape and with elevation of less
than 600 meters. The highest peak of 800 meters which occupy only 20 hectares is found in the southern part
and a part of the Northwest Panay Peninsula – a nationally declared park, watershed and protected area. Figure 2.4 Slope Map
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022
Majority of mountain ranges are from 200-300 meters above sea level. Hilly areas are mostly covered with
grassland and shrubs.
Since most of the lands of the municipality are hilly to mountainous, it follows that the slopes are mostly rolling
Drainage is accomplished by 4 rivers namely: Malay River (judged as the cleanest body of water in Region to steep as you go southeast to the uplands. Of all the barangays, Manoc-Manoc and Balabag are level to
VI in 1997 and 2nd in the National level), Nabaoy, Napaan and Potol rivers while creeks serve as tributaries. undulating sloped and flat, respectively. Slope values can be derived from the slope map, conforming to the
Marshland and a lake are found in eastern section near Caticlan Airfield due to brackish water. Flooding hazard standard slope ranges by the National Land Use Committee as follows:
is concentrated along the banks of Napaan, Potol, Malay and Nabaoy rivers but total area is negligible 13
hectares or 0.2 per cent of total land area of the municipality. The area adjacent to Caticlan Airport is generally 0 – 3% - Flat or level land
mountainous and hilly. The southern part is located on a rugged terrain and is hardly accessible. A smaller 3% - 8% - Level to undulating
portion of lowlands and gently sloping areas are situated in the alluvial plains or near the shoreline. 8% – 18% - Undulating to rolling
18% - 30% - Rolling to moderately steep hills
30% - 50% - Moderately to steeply mountainous
Above 50% - Very steeply mountainous

Municipality of Malay
26
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
D. Geology
Mining claims of the Provincial Register of Deeds show that Malay has eleven (11) applications for non-metals
notable marble. Deposits are found in mountainous areas along with other mineral deposits of lime, guano,
clay and silica. Coastal areas yield undetermined quantity of white corral extending an average of one fifth
kilometer to the sea from its common boundary with Buruanga to Barangay Caticlan while Boracay Island is
nesting on coral reefs. The shore of Yapak has been known for its wash out sand to contain decorative pebble.
As such, this was once exploited by some powerful persons driven by private interests in the much sought
after and expensive shore mine. Exploitation ended when Boracay Island was declared as a tourist zone and
marine reserve under Presidential Proclamation 1801 in 1976.
Boracay Island is composed of two limestone headlands which are connected by a sandy strip (the low
land) about 600-700 meters wide and 4 kilometers long. The northern part is made up of massive limestone,
which makes it more resistant to weathering and erosion. The southern part is made of sandy and rubbly
limestone, which makes it susceptible to the aforementioned conditions. The sandy strip (low land) is made
up of coralline material that had been eroded from the coral reefs and now forms the main asset of the Island.
E. Climate
In the municipality, there is one prevailing type of climate identified as Type 3 – seasons are not very pronounced;
relatively dry from November to April, and wet during the rest of the year. Maximum rain periods are not very
pronounced, while dry season lasts from one to three months. With highest rainfall recorded during the month
of June to November, this period also coincides with transplanting and harvest time of rice. Relative humidity
averages at 80 percent, mean temperature of 27.8 degrees Celsius and maximum temperature of 31.3
degrees Celsius. Usually, cooler temperature is felt in interior and elevated areas of the municipality while warm
humid air is experienced in coastal barangays. The Island of Boracay is known for its tropical ambiance.
Typhoons and strong winds do occur but are considered rare unlike other provinces in Eastern Visayas and
in the Bicol Region. If ever they come, this coincides with the rice transplanting season where abundant rain
waters are needed to nourish a bountiful crop.

1. Rock Formation
Cavern systems make up the rock formations in both the mainland and island of Boracay. There are two
prominent caves found in the municipality, one in the mainland and one on Boracay island. Rocks lying along
the coasts of both the mainland and Boracay Island also exhibit an alluring view.

2. Landforms
The rough topography of Malay articulated different landforms that paint the image of the municipality. The
southwestern portion of the land consists of mountains that slope down towards the coast. The plains between
the sea and the uplands were transformed into rice fields and other agricultural plantations. The playful folds
of the terrain provided a picturesque scenery and offered various potentials for tourism activities.

3. Soil Classification
There are five types of soil found in Malay: the Sapian clay which is the most predominant, Alimodian clay loam,
undifferentiated mountain soil, beach sand and unknown soils in the upland areas formed from weathered
igneous rocks.

Figure 2.5 Soil Classification in the Municipality of Malay

Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022 Figure 2.6 Climate Map of the Philippines

Municipality of Malay
27
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
The areas in the municipality of Malay and Boracay Island fall within the Type III Climate based on Modified
Coronas System of Philippine Climatic Classification as shown. This type of climate is intermediate between
H. Land and Sea Cover
the Type I and Type II Climate, although, it resembles the first type more closely because it has a very short A. Land Resources
dry season. This climate is relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year.
1. Land Classification
The wettest month is August averaging 500 mm of rain. The months from January to April average 100 mm or
less of rain due to the action of dry winds coming from the mainland Asia. Table 2.2 Land Classification Area and Percentage

Land Classification % of Total Area

These winds pick-up some moisture while crossing the Pacific Ocean; but most are deposited in Southern
Luzon, Eastern portion of Aklan. Temperature is nearly constant most of the year. The coldest month is Residential 5.65 %
January. In the succeeding months, the temperature steadily rises until May and from which point it gradually
decreases again to January level. Commercial 1.33 %

Forestry 32.15 %
Based from the meteorological observations in Caticlan, Malay, Aklan for 2003 and 2004 as recorded by the Air
Transportation Office (ATO) now Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) using an Emergency Runway Agricultural 34.37 %
Meteorological Observation System (ERMOS), it showed that the prevailing wind in the area is northeast during
the northeast monsoon (“Amihan”) from October to March and southwest during the southwest monsoon Tourism 9.53 %
(“Habagat”) from June to September.
Institutional 0.37 %

F. Temperature and Humidity Parks and Recreation 1.27 %

Humidity is the ratio of the actual amount of water vapor in the air to the maximum amount the air can hold at Cemetery 0.01 %
a given temperature.
Infrastructure 2.12 %
In Malay, relative humidity averages 80 percent, mean temperature of 27.8 degrees Celsius and maximum NWPP-NP 11.88 %
temperature of 31.3 degrees Celsius. Usually cooler temperature is felt in interior and elevated areas of the
municipality while warm humid air is experienced in coastal areas. Beach 1.07 %

The climate is relatively wet from May to December and dry the rest of the year. Maximum rain periods are not Wetlands 0.25 %
pronounced while dry season lasts from one to three months, with highest rainfall recorded during the month
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP(2013-2022)
of June to November.

G. Mineral Resources
According to a report published by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau Region VI (Western Visayas), the
municipality of Malay is rich in non-metallic minerals silica and limestone. This is evident with the presence of
multiple caves in Malay such as the Pangihan Cave and series of bat caves.
The table shows that the municipality is an agricultural town since most of its land is occupied by farm lands
and plantations of crops. The second largest area that comprises the municipality is forest land, followed by
residential and commercial as the least. Evidently, the town is rich in natural land resources posing potential
economic sources for production and tourism.
B. Water Resources

1. Freshwater Resources

The municipality has four (4) main watersheds namely: Malay River, Nabaoy River, Putol River, and Napa-an
River and sub-watersheds or tributaries such as Imbaroto River, Banga Creek, Kamaingin Creek, Agnaga
Creek, Masadsad Creek and even the micro-watersheds known as Salong Creek.

Potable water in Boracay is being supplied by the Boracay Island Water Company (BIWC), formerly BWSS
and the Boracay Tubi Systems Inc. (BTSI). The sources of these two systems are from the major rivers in the
Mainland of Malay; namely, Nabaoy River and Putol River.

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A centralized Wastewater Treatment Facility (WWTF) for the Island is operated and managed by the BIWC in Sitio Bolabog, Bryg. Balabag. Table 2.3 Major Rivers and Catchment Area
Only small creeks and lagoons can be found in the island. The lithology of the rock formation comprising the island ecosystem explains that surface
waters are drained vertically through the crevices and/or stored as other forms of wetlands such as marsh, swamps, and lagoons. Major River Catchment Areas

Malay River

Nabaoy River
as indicated on the map
Putol River

Napa- an River
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP(2013-2022)

C. Coastal Resources

The total length of the coastline in the municipality is approximately

36.31 kilometers, including the coastline of Boracay and the small
Laurel Island.

The coastal areas North of Caticlan are the source of fishing activities of
subsistence farmers when the southwest season (“habagat”) is prevailing
and the seas are relatively calm. Fishing is difficult during the northeast
monsoon season due to the large waves caused by the “amihan”
wind. Fish species caught in the area are mostly pelagic species, such
as mackerels (alumahan); sardines (manamsi); small tunas (tulingan);

Figure 2.8 Sea turtle seen at the Balinghai diving site

Figure 2.7 Map of Rivers and Catchment Areas Source: Calypso Diving Team
Sources: openstreetmap.org, Malay LGU

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round scads (galunggong); big-eyed scads (matangbaka). Large
demersal fish, such as mamsa; grouper (kulafo); Spanish mackerel
(tangigui); parrot fish (moymoy); surgeon fish (labahita); and other rock
dwelling fish species are also caught by hook and line fishermen and
spear gun divers. (TEST Consultants, Inc., 2003).
Octopus, crabs and shrimps are also gathered in the tide pools of
the littoral area. During low tides people can gather snails, clams and
edible seaweeds in the intertidal zone.
The coastal water is also a habitat, feeding and nursery ground of
fishes; habitat of some mangrove and coastal vegetation; navigational
area of fishing boats to transport people and goods; recreational
site for tourists; and quarrying area for construction materials (TEST
Consultants, Inc., 2003).
1. Coral Reefs
A series of reefs have been documented by the Alta Vista de Boracay
in multiple diving sites such as in Boracay and Crocodile Islands. Some
of the reefs that the municipality boasts of include: reefs found in Yapak
Diving Site; Punta Bunga; Laguna de Boracay; Laurel Island; and
Tulobhan Reef.
2. Seagrass Communities
Intertidal zones, usually sandy-muddy, where vegetation is dominated
by flowering grasses; transition zones between coral reefs and
mangroves.
Figure 2.9 Clownfish seen at the Laguna de Boracay diving site
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph
30
3. Mangrove Forests
Tidal areas covered by salt-tolerant, intertidal species; areas declared
as mangrove swamp forest reserves by Proclamation No. 2152 and
mangrove forests declared as wilderness areas by Proclamation No.
2151.
4. Reef Fish Communities
A series of reef fish communities such as parrot fish, puffer fish, porcupine
fish, and multiple species of eels have been identified by the Alta Vista
de Boracay.
D. Biodiversity
1. Wild Flora
Vegetation in the project area includes a dry forest type with or without
molave, agricultural crops such as coconut and other crop and
ornamental plants. An assessment of the remaining tree stands at the
project site is composed of minor, lesser important timber species, soft
wood and some mangrove associated species. Species composition,
distribution and density are moderately low. Pittosporum moluccanum,
Macaranga tanarius, Melanolepsis multiglandulosa, and Premna
odorata were the dominant species encountered in the area.
2. Wild Fauna
Insects and Wildlife
Among the insects observed in the area, termites were the most common.
A substantial number of dead tree trunks with colonies of termites were
Figure 2.10 Marine Life Underwater Angel
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph
observed during field work. According to some of the workers in the
construction area, a typhoon Senyang in December 2006 has brought
down a lot of trees in the forest areas which were affected by termites.
There were also significant number of butterflies, moths and dragonflies
observed in the area since March to May are flowering months in the
Philippines. Dragonflies (Odonata) are ideal indicators of wetland
health because their larvae develop in water and include a full array of
ecological types.
According to local residents and workers in the construction area, a
wide range of wildlife was observed in the area including species of
amphibians, birds, mammals, insects and reptiles. The mammals seen
in the area include bats, rats and monkeys. Most of the bats sighted
during the study appeared to be fruit-eating bat species. In the northern
hills of barangay Yapak at Boracay Island is a well-known home of
bats also known as flying foxes because they resemble miniature dogs
with wings.
Conservationists have identified three bat species, namely: Golden-
Crowned Flying Fox (Acerodon jubatus) which is endemic to the
Philippines; Giant Fruit Bat (Pteropus vampyrus); and the Small Flying
Fox (Pteropus hypomelanus). These flying foxes hang on tall trees in
lowland forests and live in colony. They fly to Aklan mainland at night to
feed on fruits from forest trees and return early in the morning to sleep.
According to the local residents, bats are observed flying away from
the bat caves if they are disturbed by unnecessary noise from the
construction sites near the caves.
Local residents also observed monkeys were roaming in the hilly area
Figure 2.11 Antidesma bunius, locally known as “Bignay”
Source: toptropicals.com
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
of the BPHI Property. Most of the time, they were seen on top of trees E. Environmentally Critical Zones Table 2.5 Areas of ECAN Zones
or looking for food in the forest areas. They are quite used to seeing
people at a distance but would disappear if you try to get nearer them. Environmentally Critical Zones refer to the environmentally critical areas ECAN Zones Type Location
of the municipality. According to the Proclamation No. 2146 of 1981,
A serious conservation effort needs to be put in place to prevent people Environmentally Critical Areas are those that have been declared Pangihan Cave Terrestrial Brgy. Poblacion
from capturing monkeys for food and sometimes selling them as by the law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves,
pets. Several reptilian species such as Malay Monitor Lizard (Varanus and sanctuaries. They also refer to areas which constitute the habitat Brgy. Manoc-
Preserved Dead Forest Terrestrial
salvator) and Python (Python reticulatus) were also observed by local of any endangered or threatened species of indigenous Philippine manoc
residents. These reptiles were often seen feeding on small animals in Biodiversity; areas of unique historic, archaeological, scientific interest, Nabaoy Reforestation
Terrestrial Brgy. Nabaoy
the forest. Snakes were also observed clinging on tree branches waiting and traditionally occupied by cultural communities; areas with critical Area
for a passing catch for. slopes, agricultural lands, recharge zone of aquifers, mangrove Agnaga Mini Falls and
Terrestrial Brgy. Kabulihan
areas, and coral reef zones. Human activities shall be very limited in Cold Spring
these zones and orderly balance between socio-economic growth
Table 2.4 Status of Threatened Species Nagata Falls Terrestrial Brgy. Nabaoy
and environmental conservation and protection shall be attained and
maintained.
Species Conservation Status Naasug Point Terrestrial Brgy. Naasug
Golden-Crowned Flying Fox Malay has a lot of ECZs in the municipality especially in the island of
Endangered Motag Living Museum Tribal Ancestral Brgy. Motag
(Aceradon jubatus) Boracay, where there are plenty of mangrove trees threatened by rapid
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022
Giant Fruit Bat industrialization due to higher demands in hotels and accommodation
Near threatened for tourists coming in to the island. There is also the island’s marine
(Pteropus vampyrus) settled. However, it is currently regarded as under the jurisdiction of
Small Flying Fox ecosystem which boasts of diverse marine life and coral reef systems. Barangay Nabaoy since it is the address used in tourism promotional
Least concern
(Pteropus hypomelanus) materials.
Potential tourist spots such as the Pangihan Cave, Preserved Dead
Monkeys Near threatened — vulnerable Forest, Nabaoy Reforestation Area, Agnaga Mini Falls and Cold Spring, There are other areas, which are promoted for ecotourism, that can
Malay monitor lizard Nagata Falls, and Naasug Point also belong under the ECAN Zones. be submitted for declaration as environmentally critical areas. These
Least concern
(Varanatus salvator) are the Ati Villages in Barangay Cubay Sur and Barangay Balabag,
Considering the present boundary dispute between Barangay Nabaoy Nabaoy Riverside resorts, and the numerous mangrove forest areas.
Python
Least concern and Barangay Napaan, the exact location of Nagata Falls can not
(Python reticulatus)
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

Figure 2.12 Sonneratia alba Figure 2.13 Pteropus Vampyrus Figure 2.14 Philippine Long-tailed Macaque
Source: Panorama.solutions Source: Dreamstime.com Source: newsko.com.ph

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2.4 Social Sector
A. Demography
The Municipality of Malay has a total population of 52,973 based on the 2015 Census of Population. By 2018
the start of the planning period, the population of Malay across all barangays using the time-series regression This is mainly due to the fact that with Boracay’s flourishing tourism industry, employees from all over the
method is 54,867. By 2050, the population of the municipality will be 115,417. Table 2.7 shows the projected country are attracted to work in the Island.In 2010, the “young” population (ages 0-14) or 15,606. Furthermore,
population of Malay. live births were recorded at 17 live births per 1,000 population, hence the projected population should only be
20,566 (CLUP, 2013-2022). However, the actual census survey resulted at 7,803 higher than projected. Thus,
Based from current trends, Boracay Island has a faster population growth rate than Mainland Malay, which it can be considered that the difference of the two values (7,803) can be a result of in-migration.
was evident throughout the population history of the Municipality per barangay. 61% of the Municipality’s
population is in Boracay Island, resulting in a population density of 32 people per hectare. Boracay Island’s
population density is eight (8) times higher than the population density in mainland, having only 4 residents
per hectare.

Figure 2.15 Population Growth Rate and Density

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Table 2.6 Population History and Projection

Barangaay Population

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Manocmanoc 5,656 5,987 6,338 6,710 7,103 7,519 7,960 8,426 9,617 10,975 12,526 12,953 13,394 13,850 14,322 14,810 15,066

Yapak 1,917 2,085 2,267 2,466 2,681 2,916 3,171 3,449 3,842 4,280 4,767 4,843 4,921 5,000 5,080 5,161 5,250

Balabag 4,430 4,664 4,911 5,171 5,444 5,732 6,035 6,354 7,647 9,203 11,076 11,310 11,549 11,793 12,042 12,296 12,509

Boracay 12,003 12,736 13,516 14,346 15,228 16,167 17,166 18,229 21,105 24,458 28,369 29,106 29,864 30,643 31,443 32,267 32,825

Malay excluding Boracay 12,516 12,746 12,967 13,178 13,377 13,561 13,730 13,881 15,042 16,236 17,442 18,055 18,688 19,340 20,013 20,706 21,064

Malay 24,519 25,482 26,483 27,524 28,605 29,728 30,896 32,110 36,148 40,694 45,811 47,161 48,552 49,983 51,456 52,973 53,889

Barangaay Population Projection

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033

Manocmanoc 15,455 16,041 16,626 17,211 17,796 18,381 18,966 19,551 20,137 20,722 21,307 21,892 22,477 23,062 23,648 24,233 24,818

Yapak 5,681 5,893 6,105 6,318 6,530 6,742 6,955 7,167 7,379 7,591 7,804 8,016 8,228 8,440 8,653 8,865 9,077

Balabag 13,203 13,741 14,279 14,817 15,355 15,893 16,431 16,969 17,506 18,044 18,582 19,120 19,658 20,196 20,734 21,271 21,809

Boracay 34,340 35,675 37,010 38,346 39,681 41,016 42,351 43,687 45,022 46,357 47,693 49,028 50,363 51,699 53,034 54,369 55,705

Malay excluding Boracay 20,528 21,027 21,527 22,026 22,526 23,026 23,525 24,025 24,524 25,024 25,523 26,023 26,522 27,022 27,521 28,021 28,520

Malay 54,867 56,702 58,537 60,372 62,207 64,042 65,877 67,711 69,546 71,381 73,216 75,051 76,886 78,720 80,555 82,390 84,225

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Barangaay Population Projection

2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2048 2049 2050

Manocmanoc 25,403 25,988 26,573 27,159 27,744 28,329 28,914 29,499 30,084 30,669 31,255 31,840 32,425 33,010 33,595 34,180 34,766

Yapak 9,290 9,502 9,714 9,926 10,139 10,351 10,563 10,776 10,988 11,200 11,412 11,625 11,837 12,049 12,262 12,474 12,686

Balabag 22,347 22,885 23,423 23,961 24,499 25,037 25,574 26,112 26,650 27,188 27,726 28,264 28,802 29,339 29,877 30,415 30,953

Boracay 57,040 58,375 59,710 61,046 62,381 63,716 65,052 66,387 67,722 69,058 70,393 71,728 73,064 74,399 75,734 77,069 78,405

Malay excluding Boracay 29,020 29,520 30,019 30,519 31,018 31,518 32,017 32,517 33,016 33,516 34,015 34,515 35,015 35,514 36,014 36,513 37,013

Malay 86,060 87,895 89,730 91,564 93,399 95,234 97,069 98,904 100,739 102,573 104,408 106,243 108,078 109,913 111,748 113,583 115,417

Notes:
1. The following growth rates were used in order to determine the population for the years without the actual
population rate. The growth rates were obtained through the discounting method.

Years Malay Manocmanoc Yapak Balabag

GR (2000-2007) 3.9% 5.9% 8.8% 5.3%

GR (2007-2010) 12.6% 14.1% 11.4% 20.3%

GR (2010-2015) 2.9% 3.4% 1.6% 2.1%

2. The growth rate used for 2015-2016 population was 1.73%.

(Source: http://aklan.gov.ph/profile/population/)
3. The population projection was acquired through the use of time-series regression method.
4. The independent variables used for the regression were actual number of livebirths and deaths. These
variables were forecasted through the forecast tool of Excel.
(Source: FHSIS 2000-2016)

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Age-Sex Ratio Labor Force and Dependent Population
The distribution of sexes in the Municipality are almost even. The population pyramid (Figure 2.43) shows a Based on the 2015 data, the Municipality’s working population (15-64 years old) is 34,614. More than half
pyramid distribution per age group. of which are male (52.7%). Out of the total working age population, 65.34% are employed. The dependent
population of the Municipality consisted of ages 0-14 and 65 and above. The total dependent population of
Malay is 18,359, which is 34.66% of the total population.

Figure 2.17 Working Age and Dependent Population Figure 2.18 Dependent Population

The figure above-left shows that for every twenty (20) working persons, there are approximately nine (9) young
dependents and one (1) old dependent; while the figure above-right shows that of the 18,359 dependent
population, 90.78 % are young and only 9.22% are old.

Table 2.7 Age Group Population, 2015

Both Sex
Age Group Population Male Female
Sexes Ratio
No. % No. %
Dependent Population 18,359 9,263 50.4% 9,096 49.5% 102:100
Young Dependents (0-14) 16,666 8,576 51.4% 8,090 48.5% 106:100
Old Dependents (65 and older) 1,693 687 40.6% 1,006 59.4% 100:146
Working Age (15-64) 34,614 18,230 52.7% 16,384 47.3% 111:100
Labor Force (15 and older) 36,307 18,917 52.1% 17,390 47.9% 108:100
Total Population 52,973
Male Female
Source: Malay LGU

The labor force of the municipality is 68.54% of the totol population which means that there is enough manpower
Figure 2.16 Population Pyramid, 2015 resources to support the economic development plans and programs, which is a good indicator for the future
vision of Malay.

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Indigenous People

The Municipality of Malay is home to the indigenous people (IP) known as Ati. There is a total of 424 Atis in
FAMILY HEAD WOMEN
Malay. They can be found in the barangays of Cubay Sur and Cogon. There are two (2) Ati Villages in the
Municipality, one in Balabag (Boracay Island) represented by the Boracay Ati Tribal Organization (BATO), and
one in Cubay Sur (Mainland Malay) represented by Malay Ati Tribal Association (MATA).

For the record, the members of the Indigenous People population were classified into Youth, Family/Household
Head, Children and Women.
• Youth - 15 to 30 years old
• Family/Household Head - the person who generally provides the chief source of income for the
household unit. He is the adult person, male or female, who is responsible for the organization and
care of the household or who is regarded as such by the members of the household.
• Children - 5 to 17 years old
• Women - 15 to 49 years old

The following table and graphs show the 2017 record of Indigenous People:

Table 2.8 Number of IPs in Malay Mainland, 2017

Location Number of IP’s
Family/Household Head Ati Village, Cubay Sur 16
Sitio Bakiruhan, Cubay Sur 13 Sitio Soong (29) Ati Village (16) Sitio Bakiruhan (13)
Sitio III (13)
Sitio Carla (21) Sitio Soong (22) Ati Village (16) Sitio Bakiruhan (12)
Sitio III (9)
Sitio Carla (20)

Sitio Carla, Cubay Sur 21

Sitio III, Cogon 13
YOUTH CHILDREN
Sitio Soong, Cogon 29
Total 92
Youth Ati Village, Cubay Sur 11
Sitio Bakiruhan, Cubay Sur 5
Sitio Carla, Cubay Sur 20
Sitio III, Cogon 16
Sitio Soong, Cogon 18
Total z70
Women Ati Village, Cubay Sur 16
Sitio Bakiruhan, Cubay Sur 12
Sitio Carla, Cubay Sur 20
Sitio III, Cogon 9
Sitio Soong, Cogon 22
Total 79
Children Ati Village, Cubay Sur 19
Sitio Soong (16) Ati Village (11) Sitio Bakiruhan (5) Sitio Carla (20) Sitio Soong (49) Ati Village (19) Sitio Bakiruhan (29) Sitio Carla (74)
Sitio Bakiruhan, Cubay Sur 29 Sitio III (18) Sitio III (12)
Sitio Carla, Cubay Sur 74
Figure 2.19 Number of IPs in Malay Mainland, 2017
Sitio III, Cogon 12 Source: Municipal Government of Malay
Sitio Soong, Cogon 49
Total 183
Total Number of IP’s 424
Source: Municipal Government of Malay

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Mortality Rate Table 2.9 Population by Barangay, 2015
Death rate and mortality rate in Malay has gone down these past few years, as well as for infant and child
death. Year 2010 had the highest death rate for infants and children. Barangay Population (2015)
Urban 41,567
Balabag (Boracay) 12,296
Caticlan 7,996
Manocmanoc (Boracay) 14,810
Poblacion 1,304
Yapak (Boracay) 5,161
Rural 11,406
Argao 1,213
Figure 2.20 Infant and Child Death in Malay
Balusbos 1,310
Cogon 647
Urban and Rural Population
Cubay Norte 365
The Municipality of Malay has five (5) urban barangays and 12 rural. Table 2.4 shows the barangays and
their population. 78% of the population are found in the urban area, while rural barangays only compose 22%. Cubay Sur 1,423
Despite having a larger area, rural barangays have larger lots, only a small percentage of the area can be Dumlog 863
used for settlement, as most of these rural areas are agricultural lots, forestlands, wetlands, mountains, etc.
Kabullihan 772
Motag 903
Naasug 557
Nabaoy 1,220
Napaan 751
Sambiray 1,382
Total 52,973
Source: Municipal Government of Malay

Urban (78.47 %) Rural (21.53 %)

Figure 2.21 Urban Vs. Rural Population

Source: Municipal Government of Malay

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B. Housing Settlements Based from the Local Shelter Plan of the Municipality, a total population of 1,254 will be displaced, or will be
needing housing. These settlements are subject for relocation, occupying in private land without consent,
disaster-prone areas, and households that are affected by road easement and infrastructure projects. Of this,
With most of population situated in Boracay, there must be ample housing provided for the locals as well 533 settlers are from Boracay Island, while Mainland Malay have 721 affected settlers. Together with doubled-
as for the employees. CLUP 2000-2010 and CLUP 2013-2022 had proposed land allocation for housing, up units, which have a total of 29, there is a present housing need for 1,283 people.
however, actual land use does not reflect this. Currently, only housing for the indigenous people, the Atis, are
being constructed. To cater to the future growth of the Municipality, there needs to be an additional11,084 housing units in Boracay
Island and an additional 2,413 units in the mainland, based from computations using an 8.98% PGR for the
Table 2.10 Municipality of Malay, Existing Land Use, 2015 period of 2013-2022. Potential areas for housing have been identified as well – Argao, Balusbos, Cubay Sur,
Motag, and Nabaoy. Options have also been provided as to the kind of housing, such as 25-sqm rowhouses,
Mainland Boracay Total
20-sqm duplex, and 35-sqm. Single detached house.
(Has.) (Has.) (Has.)
Residential However, medium to high-density dwellings are recommended to preserve agricultural lots, and is more
sustainable in terms of utilities, infrastructure requirements, and waste management. Since land ownership is
Residential 187.21 183.97 371.18 shared, land cost will be less of a burden for the residents.
Socialized Housing 0.00 0.00 0.00

Ati-Village 1.40 2.10 3.50 C. Education

Commercial 53.46 34.41 87.87 The Municipality showed records of Primary and Secondary Education. There are a total of twenty-two (22)
daycare center, while (12) educational facilities provide primary education. The table below shows the list
Tourism 5.06 418.93 423.99 of elementary schools in the Municipality. Among these schools, Manocmanoc Elementary School has the
most students enrolled; while among the schools in mainland Malay, Caticlan Elementary School as the most
Eco-Tourism 205.13 0.00 205.13
students. Four (4) of these schools however are inadequate, having over 1:35 student-teacher ratio.
Institutional 16.15 8.03 24.18
Table 2.11 List of Elementary/Primary Schools in Malay
Parks and Recreation 2.26 81.60 83.86
Pupil-
Cemetery 0.43 0.50 0.92 No. of
Enrollment Teacher Status
Teachers
Infrastructure and Utilities Ratio
Argao Elementary School 289 12 1:24 Adequate
Utilities 38.31 2.19 40.50
Balabag Elementary School 1721 45 1:38 Inadequate
Materials Recovery Facility 0.72 1.41 2.13
Caticlan Elementary School 1035 28 1:36 Inadequate
Sanitary Landfill 6.20 0.00 6.20
Cubay Elementary School 321 13 1:24 Adequate
Roads 49.10 41.73 90.83
Kabulihan-Dumlog Elementary School 212 7 1:30 Adequate
Slaughterhouse 0.27 0.00 0.27
Malay Elementary School 455 20 1:23 Adequate
Agriculture 2268.85 0.00 2268.85 Manocmanoc Elementary School 2058 52 1:40 Inadequate
Forestland 1939.73 180.65 2120.38 Naasug Elementary School 112 8 1:14 Adequate
NWPP-NP 784.47 0.00 784.47 Nabaoy Elementary School 167 8 1:20 Adequate
Beach 30.17 40.25 70.42 Napaan Primary School 106 5 1:21 Adequate

Wetlands 5.45 10.87 16.32 Sambiray Primary School 98 4 1:24 Adequate

Total 5594.36 1006.64 6601.00 Yapak Elementary School 813 22 1:37 Inadequate
Source: 2016 Accomplishment Report, Malay LGU
Source: PSA, 2015

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On the other hand, there are four (4) secondary schools in Malay – two (2) in Boracay Island, and two (2) in
the mainland – all of which have an adequate student-teacher ratio. During site visits and interviews, it was
also found that only Malay National Highschool has enough facilities to accommodate the K-12 curriculum.
There are no records of tertiary schools in the Municipality. Students opting to go for tertiary education must go
to Kalibo, Iloilo, or Manila. Should Malay want to raise local employment, necessary capacity building must
be provided within the Municipality. A total of only 1,882 out of the 52,973 population in Malay have a College/
University Degree. Establishing a tertiary school can also help retain talents within the Municipality.

Table 2.12 List of Secondary Schools in Municipality of Malay

No. of Pupil-Teacher
School Enrollment Status
Teachers Ratio
Boracay National High School
972 38 1:26 Adequate
– Main
BNHS – Manocmanoc
1100 42 1:26 Adequate
Extension
Lamberto H. Tirol National High
480 18 1:27 Adequate
School

Malay National High School 1223 31 1:36 Adequate

Source: 2016 Accomplishment Report, Malay LGU

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D. Health Based on the Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index of 2017, the Municipality has a total of 39
doctors, 42 nurses, and 19 midwives.

Based from the municipality profile and competitive report, there are a total of seven (7) health facilities in Malay, Table 2.14 Number of Public and Private Health Staff
with a total of 55 beds. The bed to population ratio is 1:963; the ideal bed-to-population ration according to
the Department of Health (DOH) is 1:800. Among these health facilities, two (2) are government hospitals. For
Public Private Total
secondary and tertiary healthcare needs, patients have to go to Kalibo in order to be treated. However, given
that Malay, especially Boracay, is an international tourist destination, a health facility of international-standard Doctor 10 29 39
is necessary within the Municipality.
Nurses 29 13 42
Table 2.13 Number of Public and Private Health Facilities and Corresponding Number of Beds
Midwives 13 6 19
Public Private Total Source: Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index 2017

Clinics 2 11 13
Malnutrition is prevalent among the young sector, although the number of malnourished children ages 0-5 in
Beds 2 33 35 2016 decreased significantly when compared to 2015 levels, dropping from 14.80% to 9.60%. For primary
students, the amount of malnourished dropped from 14.80% in 2015 to 11.32% in 2016, based from student
Diagnostic Centers 0 5 5 survey S.Y. 2016-2017. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), malnutrition refers to deficiencies
excesses, or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients. Hence, malnutrition may refer to
Beds 0 12 12
undernutrition and overweight/obesity, and other diet-related noncommunicable diseases.
Hospitals 2 1 3
Table 2.16 below shows the result from the student survey. Majority of students are suffering from undernutrition.
Beds 40 15 55 Overall, Balabag Elementary School has the least number of malnutrition incidences (4.47%), while Kabulihan/
Dumlog has the most number of incidents.
Source: Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index 2017
Table 2.15 Elementary/Primary Students Body Mass Index per School, SY 2016-2017

Figure 2.23 Students Body Mass Index

Figure 2.22 Actual and Ideal Bed to Population Ratio
Source: Municipal Nutrition Action Plan CY 2017

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Municipality of Malay
47
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
E. Protective Services

For every 478 Citizens For every 383 Citizens

There is one (1) police There is one (1) police

Figure 2.24 Protective Services

Source: Municipal Government of Malay

The Municipality of Malay has only two (2) police offices/stations – one (1) in Poblacion, and one (1) in
Balabag, which is also known as the Tourist Police station. Despite the minimal report of criminality, there
should still be ample police offices spread across the Mainland, especially on Boracay Island. The Philippine
National Police (PNP) targets to have 1:500 civilian-police ratio by 2022. Currently in Boracay Island, there is
approximately one police officer for every 478 people, while in Mainland, there is roughly one police per 383
people. This means that in terms of population served, in anticipation of the future development, more police
offices are needed to be spread across mainland and Boracay Island. Only Two (2) barangays – Balabag
and Argao – have a Crisis Intervention Unit.
During the Boracay Rehabilitation Program implementation, Police Senior Superintendent Jess Cambay of
Metro Boracay Police Task Force said in an interview that the PNP will be constructing four (4) police precincts
in Boracay.
F. Social Welfare
As mentioned under the Health subsection, all barangays have their own daycare center. Contrary to this,
there is only one Senior Citizen Center in the Municipality, located in Poblacion. A Stimulation and Therapeutic
Activity Center can also be found in Poblacion.
G. Sports and Recreation
All barangays have their own basketball courts. While local residents all enjoy sports like basketball, Boracay
Island offers sea sports as well. A covered tennis court can be found in Poblacion, Brgy. Balusbos and Motag
For recreation, mainland Malay offers Eco-Village convention center for its residents and visitors.

While Mainland Malay does not have any fire protection facility, there is one in Boracay Island, located in Brgy.
Manocmanoc. The only fire protection facility in mainland is the one found in the airport. The Caticlan Airport

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.5 Economic Sector
Existing Situation Table 2.16 List of Irrigation Structures
There is a shortage of agricultural products due to the lack of technical skills and capital extension among
farmers and the conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural uses, leading to a high import dependency
Name of Irrigation Structure Type Location of Dam
for the supply of basic commodities from other municipalities and provinces. There is a weak system in
implementing agricultural programs such as support to livelihoods generation and management. Furthermore, Argao National Irrigation
there are no price controls on products. National Irrigation System Napaan, Malay, Aklan
System
Currently, the Malay-LGU aims to lessen the dependency on agricultural imports by improving the local Malay National Irrigation
National Irrigation System Motag, Malay, Aklan
(municipal and provincial) production of crops, livestock and marine products, integrating the DRAA-CCA System
strategies. They also aim to strengthen Public Employment Service Office (PESO) programs prioritizing the
Cubay Communal Irrigation System Communal Irrigation System Cubay Sur, Malay, Aklan
poor household members.

Dumlog Diversion Dam Small Scale Irrigation Project Dumlog, Malay, Aklan
A. Employment
Nabaoy Diversion Dam Small Scale Irrigation Project Nabaoy, Malay, Aklan
Primary Occupation of Household Heads
As of July 1, 2011, the DSWD National Poverty Targeting Office recorded that there were 4,220 household heads SitioPanit-an, Balusbos, Malay,
(73%) in the Municipality of Malay with occupation such as employees of government/special organization (3), Balusbos Diversion Dam Small Scale Irrigation Project
Aklan
clerks (8), special occupation (7), technical associate/professionals (18), service and market sales workers
(182),farmers, forestry workers and fishermen (214), trade and related workers (152), plant and machine Dumlog Communal Irrigation System Communal Irrigation System Cabulihan, Malay, Aklan
operator and assemblers (384) and laborers and unskilled workers (3,252). A total of 1,575 household heads
were not employed. This represented 27% of the total number of household heads surveyed by the DSWD. Caticlan Small Water
Small Scale Irrigation Project Caticlan, Malay, Aklan
Impounding Project
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

B. Agricultural Economy Livestock and Poultry Farms

The 2011 data of the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) registered total production of backyard livestock
Malay is still considered as an agricultural municipality. Its primary crops are palay, coconut, root crops, animals of 2,258 heads worth PhP 13.03 million. Livestock raising was concentrated in 14 mainland barangays.
bamboo, fruit crops and vegetables. Livestock production is mostly domestic-based and for self-consumption.
Despite being an agriculturally-based economy, the quantity of agricultural commodities produced produced On the other hand, poultry production had a total volume of 18,451, amounting to PhP 2.398 million. The total
by Malay is less than the aggregate demand for such products. This is due to the presence of imports. production of swine, cattle, goat and carabao were recorded at 1,510 heads, 260 heads, 425 heads, and 63
heads, respectively.
Malay has 40.25% of its agricultural land area devoted to crop production. This area increased from 1,858
hectares in 2009 to 2,709.03 hectares in 2011. There are three major crops that constitute crop production in
Table 2.17 Existing Livestock and Poultry Farm, 2011
the municipality namely rice (palay), coconut, and the high-valued commercial crops (HVCC) which include
banana, corn, mango, cassava, cucumber, patola, eggplant, pechay, stringbeans, okra, and other vegetable
crops. Since rice or “palay” is the staple food of every Filipino, it has been our primary crops with a production Production
of 2,045 metric tons in 2011. Type Barangay Classification Product Market
Volume Value

*Livestock

Swine 14 Backyard 1,510 heads PHP7,550,000 Local

Cattle 14 Backyard 260 heads PHP3,900,000 Local

Goat 14 Backyard 425 heads PHP637,500 Local

Carabao 14 Backyard 63 heads PHP945,000 Local

*Poultry

Chicken 17 Backyard 18,451 heads PHP2,398,630 Local

Figure 2.25 Palay Figure 2.26 Coconut Figure 2.27 Mango
Images source: Google Images Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Fishing
Malay is also classified as a coastal town with 12 barangays engaged in fishing. It has a total water area of
475.50 square kilometers and a shoreline of 12.20 kilometers. Its coastal waters are endowed with a variety of
marine resources, with Sulu Sea and Sibuyan Sea serving as the fishing grounds. The major species caught
are Sardenella Sp. (sardines), anchovy (dilis), and Decapeterus Sp. (galunggong).
for agro-forestry. For agricultural use, they require high level of farm management for sustainable production.
d. Irrigated Area - total area within the service area of an irrigation system served in a particular year. This
refers to the area served during the wet season plus any submerged area during the wet season that is
served in the dry season. (Bureau of Agricultural Statistics)

Table 2.18 Existing Fishing Grounds and Agricultural Production, 2011 e. Irrigable Area - gross area for irrigation less unsuitable portion for irrigation purposes. (Bureau of Agricultural
Statistics)
Production
Fishing Grounds Barangay Local f. Irrigable Service Area - area of an irrigation system that is presently provided with irrigation and drainage
Volume Value (Php) facilities and where irrigation and drainage services can be rendered. (Bureau of Agricultural Statistics)

Marine g. Potential Irrigable Service Area - the maximum area which an irrigation project can serve considering the
extent of arable lands and the available water supply. (Bureau of Agricultural Statistics)
Argao, Balabag,
Balusbos, Caticlan,
Cubay Norte, Cubay
Sea Sur, Manocmanoc, 976.9 MT 97,690,000 976.9 MT C. Non-Agricultural Economy
Motag, Naasug,
Poblacion, Commerce and Trade/Industry
Sambiray, Yapak
Source: Municipal Government of Malay

Agricultural Support Facilities and Services 432 Resorts/Hotels 23 Resorts/Hotels

Malay has a compact rice mill travelling in the 14 barangays of Mainland Malay. The municipality also has in Boracay Island in Mainland
a cold storage that can store 20 tons in Caticlan but not operational. They also have two (2) non-operational
multi-purpose drying pavements located in Barangay Argao and Motag. Malay has a one warehouse which
is located in Argao. In Mainland Malay, there is one market center located at Barangay Caticlan and two in
Boracay Island located at Balabag (D’ Talipapa and Talipapa Bukid).

CARPable Areas/Lands
Records from the Municipal Agrarian Reform Office (MARO) show that there are a total of 1,943.815 hectares
of CARPable land in the Municipality of Malay where there are 1, 705 farmer beneficiaries. 782 registered
business 1,416 recorded
Agrarian Reform Communities (ARC) establishments transport services
Malay has four agrarian reform communities located in Barangay Cabulihan, Dumlog, Nabaoy and Napaan. (excluding resorts
Records show that there are a total of 1,775.119 hectares of ARC, from which 3,176 farmers have benefited. and hotels)

Area Under CARP

As of October 2011, there have been 2,036 farmer beneficiaries with a Certificate of Land Ownership Award
(CLOA) Titles given a total aggregate land area of 1,882.0578 hectares. Almost 11% of the total farmer
beneficiaries of the Province of Aklan have CLOA titles.
More than 984 93 commercial
Protected Agricultural Lands recorded business establishment
a. Highly restricted – These are the most efficient agricultural lands. They include the irrigated, paddy or activities
terrace ricelands, the rainfed paddy ricelands, efficient diversified cropland and presently, agro-industrial
lands located on the level to nearly alluvial plain. They are the traditional courses of food and cash crops.

b. Moderately restricted – These are moderately efficient lands within an 8 – 18% slope range, presently
planted to agricultural crops but need high farm management and input levels.

c. Conditionally restricted – These are lands considered less suitable for agricultural use and more suitable

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
DOT-Accredited Hotels, Resorts, Pension Houses, Lodges and Inns: Tourist Destinations
The major tourist attractions/destinations in the mainland barangays of the Municipality of Malay include the
(1) Agnaga Falls in Barangay Kabulihan; (2) Crystal Cove in Tigwatian/Laurel Island; (3) Pangihan Cave
in Poblacion; (4) Dalamuan Falls in Barangay Napaan; (5) Wildlife Sanctuary in Barangay Naasog; (6)
Ecological Park in Barangay Argao; (7) Bongbongon Beach in Barangay Naasog; and (8) Nabaoy River in
Barangay Nabaoy.

The local economy is shaped by several factors, which are:

(1) The seasonality of tourist arrivals that significantly affects employees who are still hired under contractual
11 Hotels (942 rooms) 38 Resorts (5,347 rooms) 2 Inns (62 rooms) 2 Apartelles (291 rooms) arrangements. These persons become unemployed or underemployed during the lean months.

Total: 53 establishments (6,642 rooms)
Major Types of Business or Trade
Major types of business in Malay are Hotel and Restaurants, transports, wholesale and retail trade, Real
estate, renting and business activities and banking and finance.
a. Hotel and Restaurants - Five star hotels could be found in Malay, one of them is the Shangri-La – Spa and
Resorts. There are a total of 287 hotels and 357 restaurants recorded as of 2012 in Malay.
b. Transports - In 2012, a total of 1,416 transport services have been recorded. These consist of sea transport
and land transport.
c. Wholesale and Retail Trade - In 2012, records from the Licensing Office show that there are 782 business
establishments engaging in wholesale and retail trading.
(2) Migrant workers who come from other cities and provinces in search of job opportunities tend to displace
local people away since they usually get hired because of their more extensive knowledge and experience in
tourism that locals do not have (CLUP, 2008).
(3) Since migrant workers send parts of their income to their families outside the Island, part of Boracay’s
local wealth gets dissipated outside of the economy. The same situation of loss of local income goes with
big foreign establishments that have large financial stock holdings from foreign or non- local investors that
repatriate revenue in the form of dividends (CLUP, 2008).
(4) Since many of the goods sold in Boracay are from non-local suppliers, revenues do not go to Malay.
(5) Boracay has to compete strongly with other progressive tourism destination sites in the country (like Panglao
in Bohol, and the Underground River in Palawan) that offer reportedly more ‘virgin’ and cleaner coastal
environments than Boracay.

d. Banking and Finance - In the year 2012, there have been a total of 93 commercial establishments recorded
in the municipality. These 93 establishments consist of Banks/ Forex/Lending/Pawnshop/Money Transfer.

e. Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities - More than 984 business activities have been recorded in
the Licensing office in 2012. Such business activities are anchored in the tourism services catered to
tourists. These include souvenir shops and the likes, recreation centers, salons and etc.

f. Other Business/ Commercial Establishments. Other business establishments recorded are laundry shops,
manicurist and masseurs, mobile photography, videoke bars and water refilling station/ water Distributor.

Tourism
Malay is presently the tourism capital in the Philippines due to the popularity of Boracay. No other industry
compares to the tourism industry in terms of size, performance and level of production. Tourism is the center
of the local economy and if there are other small industries/businesses in the area, they remain in either as
supplementary to the main tourism business or a provider to other alternative sources of income for the people
in the locality. However, the incomes derived from these other businesses are in modest proportions compared
to those derived from the tourism sector.

The local tourism industry in Malay is on its way to reaching full development. Nevertheless, it draws a number
of domestic and foreign visitors and tourists every year who visit the municipality annually, on the strength of
the highly-renowned Boracay Island and other tourism attractions the municipality boasts of.

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
The Seven Wonders of Malay

Malay Ecological Park Agnaga Mini Falls and Cold Spring

Located at Barangay Argao, this place with a total area of 8,010 square meters boasts of its numerous fruit Located in Barangay Kabulihan, this ecotourism site is popular for day trips and picnics during summer
bearing trees, its tree cover, butterfly and botanical garden, tree houses and view decks. Also housed in this becuase of its cold and inviting water. There is a tourism center and a multipurpose hall that the visitors can
facility is a giant turtle preserved for educational viewing. use or avail during their visit.

Figure 2.28 Malay Ecological Park Open Grounds Figure 2.33 Agnaga Mini Falls

Figure 2.29 Fish Pond Figure 2.30 Nature pathwalk Figure 2.34 Plunge pool Figure 2.35 Multi-purpose Building

Figure 2.31 Bridge over the pond Figure 2.32 View from the Viewing Deck Figure 2.36 Descent into the falls Figure 2.37 Visitors Hut

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Nabaoy River Pangihan Cave
Located at Barangay Nabaoy, visitors can enjoy lunch, picnics or simple gatherings in the mini resorts offering Located at Barangay Poblacion, this cave is a wildlife sanctuary of eight (8) connecting chambers. The
native dishes and delicacies along the banks of Nabaoy River. Activities include swimming and bamboo corridors are narrow and open up to huge chambers decorated with glittering stalactites and stalagmites.
rafting. Home to thousands of native bats, Pangihan cave is open for spelunking and quiet caving activities.

Figure 2.38 Nabaoy River Resorts Figure 2.43 The main entry to the cave

Figure 2.39 Picnic and swimming area Figure 2.40 The characteristic of the river is rocky. Figure 2.44 The entry marker to Pangihan Cave Figure 2.45 View from below

Figure 2.41 Transporting of bamboo dowstream Figure 2.42 Bamboo rafting Figure 2.46 Stalactites border the opening to the cave Figure 2.47 Inside the Pangihan Cave

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Boracay Island
This is Malay’s island paradise famous for its white sand beaches, crystal clear waters and colorful night life.
It offers different kinds of daytime activities and recreational adventures such as helmet diving, scuba diving,
kite boarding, speed boating, banana boating, wind surfing, parsailing, island hopping, snorkelling, jet skiing,
paddle boarding, cruising, treking, go-karting, horeseback riding, mountin biking, zipline, zorb and chopper
tours.
There are 12 beaches in the Island. Among these, White Beach is where main tourism events occur because
of the quality of its sand. With three (3) stations, this 4-kilometer long area is popular for beach combing,
swimming and strolling. White Beach is 4 km long and has three stations. Bulabog Beach, on the other side of
White Beach, is popular for wind surfing and kite sailing during the Northeast monsoon season.

Figure 2.48 View of Boracay Island from Mt. Luho

Figure 2.53 Tourism Map of Boracay Island

Source: SDRP Consulting, Inc.

Figure 2.49 Willy’s Rock Figure 2.50 Puka Beach

Figure 2.51 Boracay’s night life Figure 2.52 The famous sand castle art

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Naasug Point Tourism Establishment
Located at Barangay Naasug is a 120-foot diving cliff popular for thrill-seekers. Adjacent to the cliff is a white
In 2013, Malay has a total of 1,619 tourism establishments; 1,407 in Boracay Island and 212 in Mainland
sand beach. The area is also great for scuba diving and forest trekking.
Malay, all of which are privately owned. Bars and restaurants remain the most numerous tourist establishments
in Boracay Island. In total, Malay has 310 bars and restaurants. Next are the Hotels and Resorts, which
account for a total of 286 establishments. Meanwhile, tattoo shops remain the least numerous in the island of
Boracay, with only eight establishments.

In Mainland Malay, among the 212 tourism oriented establishments, rice and poultry/sari-sari stores are the
most numerous. This accounts for a total of 73 establishments. Next are the Bar and Restaurants, with 35
establishments. Meanwhile, Spa/ Massage Clinics and Amusement & Recreation Centers account for the
least number of tourism establishments, with only three (3) being present.

The 4-kilometer long beach with powdery white sand and blue crystal water of the internationally known
Boracay Island is the main tourist attraction of the municipality. This is supported by other beaches and
natural wonders such as falls, caves, natural parks and forests, islets and the unique cultural activities such as
municipal and barangay fiestas, Atiatihansa Isla, Fiesta de Obrero and the Malay.

Accessibility of Existing Tourism Establishment and Tourism Attraction

Malay is accessible by land, water and air. It has an internationally standard domestic airport, a terminal and
Figure 2.54 Naasug Beach jetty port and a roll on roll off port. The renowned Boracay can be reached by varied sea water transportation
services within 10 to 15 minutes from Barangay Caticlan, the jump off point to the island. While the roads in the
mainland are in good condition, circumferential road in Boracay Island is from fair to poor.
Nagata Falls
The Nagata Falls can be reached after crossing five (5) rivers. It is located at Barangay Nabaoy, with the trek Tourism Facilities
to the waterfalls taking up to five hours.
Type of tourism facilities present in the municipality are the accommodation facilities, financial facilities, medical
facilities, restaurants and shopping facilities among others.

Highest number of facilities in Boracay belong to eating facilities (348) followed by accommodation facilities
(286). Meanwhile, communication facilities account for the least number of tourism establishments, with only
three (3) being present

In Mainland Malay, the highest number of facilities comes from eating facilities (50), followed by financial
facilities (32). Least number of facilities come from communication facilities.

Markets catered to by tourism establishments include that of local, national and international markets. A total
of 9,929 employees have been employed by 1,619 establishments.

Tourism Activities

“With Boracay, there’s more fun in Malay!” This tagline supporting the National Tourism Tagline promotes the
Philippines. Aligned to this, Malay offers various activities from land to sea based ones. Land based activities
include frisbee, beach volleyball, tree top adeventure or zip line, atv/bug car riding, golfing, horse riding,
Figure 2.55 Nagata Falls Caving, trekking and so much more. Sea sports includes swimming, snorkeling, banana boating, diving,
paraw sailing, island hopping, jet skiing, parasailing, skim boarding, wind surfing, kite boarding and reef
walking.

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.6 Transportation, Infrastructure, and Utilities

Figure 2.56 Aklan West Road

Existing Situation
The Western Nautical Highway or the Aklan West Road is the major access road into the Municipality of Malay.
All types of transport vehicles and services traverse this road entering through Barangay Caticlan and cause
critical traffic congestion, especially at peak hours or seasons.

There is also a lack of transportation terminals and designated loading and unloading areas. The transportation
system is concentrated within the Caticlan Jetty Port area and it is causing some serious traffic, social, and
environmental problems.

The roads in the urban areas are not in excellent situation, more so those situated in the rural barangays.
There is a need to enhance the structural and aesthetic design of all roads in the municipality. Furthermore,
a comprehensive drainage and sewerage plan is required in order to study and provide the current and
projected drainage and sewerage needs and requirements of the municipality.

Power interruptions are still prevalent at some areas of the municipality that are far from the main power source.
Some barangays and areas are also not connected to the public water utility service line.

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
A. Existing Transport Facilities
Land Transportation
Several types of transportation services are available at the terminals in front of Caticlan Jetty Port. There
are vans which carry passengers from Caticlan to Kalibo Airport, Roxas City, and Iloilo City. Buses also
serve the same above-mentioned routes which includes RoRo route going to Manila. Several transport
companies provide service in the area namely: Ceres Tours, Westmint, Northstar, Delmabel, Paradise, Island
Tour Transport, Southwest Tours, Island Star Express, and Caticlan – Boracay Transportation Multi-purpose
Cooperative (CBTMPC). Moreover, local tricycle services may also be availed by travelers going to nearby
destinations.

Figure 2.57 Inventory of land transportation in Boracay Island (1)

Source: Municapal Transportation Office

Figure 2.58 Inventory of land transportation in Boracay Island (2)

Source: Municapal Transportation Office

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Sea Transportation
Malay has two main port facilities on the mainland, namely: Caticlan Jetty Port and Tabon Port that serve
movements between the mainland and Boracay Island only. Serving the same purpose are receiving facilities
in Boracay Island such as the Cagban Jetty Port and Tambisaan Jetty Port, as well as several beach landing
areas. In addition, a RoRo port next to the Caticlan Jetty Port also serves the Roll-on-Roll-off (RoRo) traffic of
passengers and vehicles from ports in Batangas City and Oriental Mindoro.
Air Transport
The Godofredo P. Ramos, recently renamed Boracay Airport, has an approximately 1.8 kilometer long runway
which is the required length to serve large aircrafts, at most 180-person capacity in this case (e.g. Airbus A320,
which is operated on short to medium-haul routes). There are currently two terminal buildings-- the departure
which is located near the Caticlan Jetty Port and the Arrivals which is located on the northeast at the end of
the runway. The departure passenger terminal building has approximately 1,700 sq. m. floor area, providing
relatively small spaces for each operating airlines which are used for check-in.

B. Infrastructure
Malay has 109.818 kilometers of roads, where the National, Provincial, and Municipal roads are mostly
(above 90%) paved. On the other hand, Barangay roads are only 40% paved. Boracay circumferential road
is classified as provincial road. Its present condition ranges from fair to poor.

National Roads in Malay are collectively referred to as the Aklan West Road. According to the DPWH Atlas
2011, national roads in Malay carries a “Medium” level of Annual Average Daily Traffic, which means that on
average, the roads service between 2501 and 8000 vehicles in a day, which is estimated to correspond to
about 250 vehicles up to 800 during peak hours.

Provincial Roads listed in the provincial network development strategy (2012-2016) document of Aklan
province indicate that the only road under the jurisdiction of the province is on Boracay Island, which can be
considered a very strategic investment in road infrastructure that benefits the province. The indicated length of
the Boracay circumferential road is 10.8 km.

The 2012 socio-economic profile identifies 8 bridges within Malay. The shortest is a 5.7 meters long bridge
while the longest measures 30 meters in length. These are located along the National Road alignment, linking
at critical sections.

There are 5 types of ancillary facilities in Malay; the waiting sheds, streetlights, road signage, flea markets,
and outpost. As of date, there were five waiting sheds in the national road, seven streetlights, 57 road signage,
2 flea markets, and 1 outpost. On barangay roads, 10 waiting sheds were listed; 52 streetlights, one road
signage, and 1 outpost. Waiting sheds need improvement as well as the two outposts. Flea markets which
are located in Sambiray and Argao also need improvement.

109.818 kilometers of 8 bridges 15 waiting sheds 59 streetlights 58 road signs

road

Asphalt: 6.64 km.

Concrete: 59.33 km.
Gravel: 8.79 km.
Unpaved: 20.24 km.

Figure 2.59 Inventory of water transportation vehicles 2 flea markets 3 outposts 5 seaports 1 airport
Source: Municapal Transportation Office

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
C. Utilities
Power
The power needs of Malay are served by the Aklan Electric Cooperative (AKELCO). Power comes mainly from
four sources: geothermal plant in Palimpinon, Negros Oriental (24 MW); coal-fired power plant in Iloilo (17.5
MW); diesel power plants in Nabas (12.5 MW) and New Washington (5 MW); and the Wholesale Electricity
Spot Market (WESM) when power sources become scarce.
AKLECO operates substations in Andagao, Kalibo (2-10 MVA), Nabas (5 MVA), Lezo (5 MVA), Altavas (5
MVA), Caticlan 910 MVA), and Boracay Island (30 MVA). The new substation in Boracay addresses problems
in electricity and the ever-increasing power demand in the island. AKELCO provides electricity supply by using
a submarine cable from Caticlan and is distributed using overhead cables.
Figure 2.59 Aklan Electric Cooperative, Inc
Renewable Energy Resources
In 2016, PetroWind Energy Inc. (PWEI) operated its wind farm in Nabas, Aklan supplying 36 MW of energy
from 18 units of wind turbine generators (WTG). The energy generated is transmitted into the National Grid
Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) line through overhead 69-kV transmission lines.
A tourism center, as well, was inaugurated to spur tourism and add livelihood in the area.
Nine (9) of the WTG’s lie within the jurisdiction of the municipality of Malay but currently there is no direct access
into the wind farm.
Figure 2.60 Wind Farm
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Water
Except for a few barangays that benefits from the spring development projects of the Department of Public
Works and Highways (DPWH), most barangays in Malay survived on traditional and improvised extraction
methods, e.g. open well, shallow well, deep well, artesian well, manual and motored pump.
Boracay Island Water Company (BIWC), a partnership of Manila Water and Tourism Infrastructure and
Enterprise Zone Authority (TIEZA) completed a submarine water pipeline along the Caticlan-Boracay channel
to meet the growing demand for potable water in Boracay. The kilometer-long 400-mm pipeline built at a cost
of Php 126 million augments the 13-year old 250-mm pipeline currently supplying water to Boracay from the
mainland.
Additional measures are needed to protect and ensure the sustainability of the Nabaoy River in Aklan, the
major source of Boracay’s tap water. The Nabaoy River, located southwest from the Boracay airport, is
situated in a forest reserve. The BIWC also operates a water treatment plant at Caticlan that sources water from
the Nabaoy River.
Other water providers operating in Malay are the Boracay Tubi Systems Inc. and the Malay Water District
(MWD). Boracay Tubi began operating in 1999 primarily to provide water and wastewater discharge services
on the golf course operations of Fairways and Bluewater which is under Fil-Estate Properties. Some resorts
and residents later on opted to become concessionaires of the water company. MWD, on the other hand,
sources its water from Nabaoy River and supplies water to barangays situated in mainland Malay.
Figure 2.61 Water utilities
Information Technology Capacity (2017)
Communications
Telecommunications services available in Malay consists of cellular phone, fixed line, telegraph, fax, paging
and other auxiliary facilities such as public payphones and public calling stations. Services (landline and
mobile communications, and internet connection) provided by the different telecommunication companies
significantly contributed to the continuous growth of the municipalities. The municipalities are in a normally
advanced stage of accurate coverage of local, national and international interests.
Mobile phone services are mainly provided by three networks: Smart Communications, Globe Telecom, and
Sun Cellular. In October 2011, the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT) acquired Sun Cellular.
Although PLDT also owns competitor Smart Communications, the two networks remain separate entities with
completely independent mobile network infrastructure and corporate management structures.
59

The local landline phone service provider is the Panay Telephone Company (PANTELCO).
Internet Services
Internet services are available and most of the hotels and resorts provide wireless internet signal. These are the
internet service providers of Malay: Kalibo Cable TV Network, Inc., Paradise Cable TV Network, Inc. (PCTV),
and PANTELCO.
Postal and Courier Services
Postal and courier services are mainly provided by the Philippine Postal Corporation (PHILPOST) although
JRS and LBC offer other postal and courier services needs. Telegraph services remain a reliable way of
communication although continuous downtrend of clientele has been noted in recent years. This is due to
the availability of faster and more efficient means of communication. The only international courier service
company available in the municipality is 2Go Express. DHL and Air21 can be found in Kalibo.
Other Communication Services
Satellite transmitted television (cable TV) and radio stations likewise operate in the municipality. Computer
linkages and network through the INTERNET has advanced and connected the municipality to the Information
Superhighway or World Wide Web (WWW). As of 2013, there were thirty-four (34) Internet cafés and computer
shops in the municipality.
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs)
There are a total of eight (8) ATMs provided outside of the following banks: Philippine National Bank (PNB),
Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation (RCBC), Metrobank, Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP), Banco de
Oro (BDO), Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI), EastWest Bank, and Asia United Bank (AUB). Meanwhile,
there are only five (5) off-site ATMs: Bank of Commerce in Boracay Airport, Metrobank in Caticlan Jetty Port
and Budgetmart (Boracay), BPI at D’mall Boracay, and BDO and RCBC at City Mall-Boracay.
Broadcast Media
Malay has a five F.M. stations all are located in Boracay Island. It has a wide range as its area coverage
reaches the town of Kalibo and even the whole province of Aklan. At present, Malay receives signals from
various television stations. Four cable TV companies – Kalibo Cable, PCTV Cable, Dream Cable, and Signal
Cable --- provide up-todate news, relevant information and entertainment to Malaynons as well as to the
tourists.
Print Media
There are two (2) local weekly newspapers provided by Western Visayas Informer and Panay News and
about ten (10) national dailies coming from Metro Manila are available in Malay.
Online Media
There are many online blog and forum sites that feature the Municipality of Malay. Among others, the two (2)
prominent wesites are Boracay Informer (www.boracayinformer.com) and Aklan Forum (www.aklanforum.
blogspot.com). There are also forums in Trip Advisor, and pages in Facebook.
2.7 Local Governance and Administration
The Municipality of Malay, Aklan is considered as a first class municipality due to its average revenue that
consistently meets the standard set by the national government.
Local Organization
The bureaucracy of the municipality of Malay is comprised of twenty-three (23) main offices, most of which
60
perform service delivery and regulatory functions. The municipal government employs a total of 220 personnel
(with plantilla positions). The Office of the Municipal Treasurer has the largest number of staff with 26 personnel,
comprising 11.81% of the total local government unit (LGU) workforce. This is followed by the Office of the
Municipal Mayor and the Office of Sangguniang Bayan (SB) with twenty-two (22) and nineteen (19) personnel,
respectively. There are two offices with the least number of employees with two staff each namely: Transportation
Services and Environmental Services. It should be noted though, that no one is manning the Office of the
Municipal Legal Officer. The total number of plantilla positions are at 277, of which 160 or 57.76% of the total
plantilla positions are permanent positions. The Municipal Development Council of Malay is composed of
twenty-six (26) members; the Municipal Mayor as the chairman, members are the seventeen (17) punong
barangays, SB members, Chairman – Committee on Finance, Budget and Appropriation, congressman
representative, the five (5) NGO’s and the Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator who is the head
secretariat of the board and members is the SB Secretary and the Municipal Engineer.
The Local Development Council (LDC) exercises the functions of:
a. Formulating long-term, medium term, and annual socio – economic development plans and policies
b. Formulating the medium-term and annual investment programs,
c. Appraising and prioritizing socio-economic development programs and projects,
d. Formulating local investment incentives to promotethe inflow and direction of private investment capital,
e. Coordinating, monitoring, and evaluating the implementation of development programs and projects,
f. Performing other functions as may be provided by law or competent authority, private investment
capital,
g. Coordinate, monitor, and evaluate the implementation of development programs and projects,
h. Performing such other functions as may be provided by law or competent authority.
The Municipal Planning and Development Office (MPDO) is composed of seven (7) technical plantilla
personnel which includes the Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator (MPDC), two (2) planning
officers, one (1) Population Program Officer, an Assistant Statistician, a Project Development Assistant, and a
draftsman. Overall, there is a total of eleven (11) personnel in the MPDO. The office however is also handling
other units such as the Public Employment Service Office (PESO), Zoning, Population and the Bids and Awards
Committee (BAC) Secretariat. This situation becomes so heavy for the MPDC to function efficiently. Having two
offices (Mainland and Boracay Island) is also a hard task for the officer.
Programs and Projects
1. Organization and Human Resource Development
2. Information and Data Management
3. Public Service Provision and Delivery
4. Institutional Linkages
5. Local Fiscal Administration
6. Development Legislation
Awards and Recognitions
1. 2016 Seal of Good Local Governance
2. Cities and Municipalities Competitveness Index (CMCI) 2016- 2nd Place in Infrastructure
3. Excel Awards- 1st runner up on Economic Sector
4. 2016 Gawad Kalasag Awardee- 1st Place
5. Hall of Famer- Provincial Rescue Olympics
6. Recruitment, Selection and Placement, Performance Management System and Rewards (and Recognition)
7. Cities and Municipalities Competitveness Index (CMCI) 2018- 1st Place in Infrastructure
8. Conde Nast Traveler Magazine’s Best Island in the World, 2016 (Boracay Island)
9. Travel + Leisure Magazine’s Best Beach in the World, 2012 (Boracay Island)
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.8 Existing Land Uses
The table shows the existing land uses in Malay Aklan, which covers both the Mainland and Boracay Island.
Based on their existing land use, Agricultural land in the Mainland area occupies 34.37% of their total land area
with approximately 2,268.85 hectares. This is followed by Forestland which comprises 32.12% of their existing
land use with 1,939.73 hectares in the mainland and 180.65 hectares in Boracay Island. The Northwest
Panay Peninsula Natural Park has the third highest land use with 784.47 hectares or 11.88% of their total land
area.

Table 2.19 Existing Land Use, CLUP 2013-2022

Mainland Existing Boracay Existing

Land Use Total Existing (has.)
(has.) (has.)
Residential
Medium density residential 187.21 183.97 371.18
Socialized housing 0 0 0
Ati-village 1.4 2.1 3.5
Commercial
Medium density commercial 5.06 418.93 423.99
Tourism
Medium density tourism 5.06 418.93 423.99
Eco-tourism 205.13 0 205.13
Institutional 16.15 8.03 24.18
Parks and Recreation 2.26 81.6 83.86
Cemetery 0.42 0.5 0.92
Infrastructure and Utilities
Utilities 38.31 2.19 40.5
Materials Recovery Facility 0.72 1.41 2.13
Sanitary Landfill 6.2 0 6.2
Roads 49.1 41.73 90.83
Slaughterhouse 0.27 0 0.27
Agriculture 2,268.85 0 2,268.85
Forestland 1,939.73 180.65 2,120.38
NWPP-NP 784.47 0 784.47
Beach 30.17 40.25 70.42
Wetlands 5.45 10.87 16.32
TOTAL 5,594.36 1,006.64 6,601.00
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

Municipality of Malay
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 Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.9 Land Classification

Figure 2.62 Land Classification Map of Malay

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
2.10 Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risks
Reduction Management (CCA-DRRM)
Natural Hazards/Constraints Table 2.20 Results of Geohazard Assessment Landslide Susceptibility

Barangay Land Susceptibility

Kabulihan Moderate
Nabaoy Moderate
Napaan Moderate at barangay proper; High in sitiosTauban and Dalamuan
Yapak Moderate
Naasug Low to Moderate
Sambiray Low
Cogon Low
Argao None
Balabag None at the barangay center, low on the hills along the road section
Balusbos None at barangay proper; low to moderate for hills bounding the barangay
Caticlan None
Cubay Norte None
Cubay Sur None
None at barangay proper; moderate to high for hills bounding the
Dumlog
barangay
Manoc-manoc None
Figure 2.63 Geohazard Map of Malay
Motag None
Hazard Assessments None at barangay proper; moderate to high for hills within the barangay
The hazards that the municipality is exposed to are earthquakes, tropical cyclones, tsunami, storm surge, Poblacion
proper
soil erosion, flashflood, landslide, river flooding, and drought. Soil erosion, landslides, flooding, flashfloods Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022
due to river overflow, and disturbances in agricultural, fisheries, as well as in the tourism economic activities
are caused by the impact of increased precipitation and extreme rainfall. There are 6 barangays that are not
susceptible to landslides according to Table 20 and 22, namely Barangays Argao, Caticlan, Cubay Norte,
Cubay Sur, Manoc-manoc and Motag. On the other hand, eight (8) barangays are moderately susceptible
to landslides, namely Kabulihan, Nabaoy, Napaan, Yapak, Naasug, Balusbos, Dumlog and Poblacion.
Some areas of barangays Napaan, Dumlog, and Poblacion have been reported to be highly susceptible
to landslides. Conversely, there are three (3) barangays that have low susceptibility to landslides, namely
Barangay Sambiray, Cogon, and Yapak.

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Table 2.21 Results of Geohazard Assessment Flooding Susceptibility There are four (4) barangays in the municipality that are not susceptible to floods according to Table 21. These
are barangays Cogon, Dumlog, Manoc-manoc, and Naasug. Barangays that are moderately susceptible
Barangay Remarks to flooding are Barangays Argao, Caticlan, Motag, Poblacion, Sambiray, and Yapak. The barangays that
Flash flood, with about 3 hour’s duration, is brought about by are highly exposed to flooding with a high possibility of flash floods are Barangay Nabaoy, Napaan, Cubay
Argao overflowing of Napaan River. Moderate flood depth of 0.5-1m is Norte, and Cubay Sur. Barangays Balabag, Balusbos, and Kabulihan have low vulnerability to flood hazards.
seasonally experienced
Table 2.22 provides the list of barangays that are prone to landslides and flooding in the municipality. The
Low flood depth (<0.5m) seasonally occurs. Barangay Proper, sitios
actual number of the total population of the barangays that face the risks are still subject to change once a
Balabag Manggayan and Dimol are normally flooded for about 5 days even
more detailed assessment per barangay is done.
with normal rains due to drainage problem.
Table 2.22 Landslide- and Flood-Prone Barangays
Balusbos Low flood depth of <0.5m is seasonal, particularly during storms.
Landslide hazard
Kabulihan Seasonally low flood depth of <0.5m occurs at the barangay. Barangay Total population (2013)
Balabag 13,360
Caticlan Moderate flooding near the Putol bridge Balusbos 1,302
Cabulihan 694
Cogon None
Cogon 656
High flood depth of <1m depth seasonally affects the barangay. 2-3 Dumlog 926
Cubay Norte hours duration of flood was experienced during Typhoon Senyang due
Naasog 660
to overflow of Nabaoy and Napaan Rivers.
During typhoon season, barangay proper suffers from flash flood with Nabaoy 1,236
Cubay Sur high depth of >1m for a 3-hour duration due to overflow of Nabaoy Napaan 783
River.
Poblacion 1,514
Dumlog None Sambiray 1,244
Yapak 5,750
Manoc-manoc None
Flood hazard
Overflow of Nabaoy River during Typhoon Frank caused moderate Argao 1,300
Motag
flood level of 0.5-1m that lasted for an hour. Balabag 13,360

Naasog None Balusbos 1,302

Cabulihan 694
Flash flood with 3-hour duration and high flood level of >1m occurs at
Nabaoy Caticlan 7,953
SitioBungton when Nabaoy and Imbaroto Rivers overflow.
A 4-hour flash flood with high flood depth of >1m occurred during Cubay Norte 394
Napaan Typhoon Senyang. River erosion is noted along Napaan River and Cubay Sur 1,391
Camaingin Creek.
Motag 987
Poblacion Moderate flooding in SitioSaugan Nabaoy 1,236
Napaan 783
Sambiray Moderate flooding
Poblacion 1,514
Sambiray 1,244
Yapak Moderate flood depth of 0.5-1m occurs at Zone 1 during heavy rains.
Yapak 5,750
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Storm Surge
The Municipality of Malay is classified as a coastal town with twelve (12) coastal barangays. Because of this,
it is understandably vulnerable to storm surge as shown in the Storm Surge Hazard Map. The twelve coastal
barangays are Argao, Balabag, Balusbos, Caticlan, Cubay Norte, Cubay Sur, Manoc-manoc, Motag,
Naasug, Poblacion, Sambiray, and Yapak. Of these twelve coastal barangays however, it should be noted
that Barangay Naasug has a low vulnerability to storm surge. The re ason for this is its geographical location
as it is located in high and gently sloping areas with a shoreline. Table 23 shows the barangay populations
that face the risks.

Table 2.23 Storm-Surge-Prone Barangays

Barangay Total population (2013)

Argao 1,300

Balabag 13,360

Balusbos 1,302

Caticlan 7,953

Cubay Sur 1,391

Cubay Norte 394

Manocmanoc 15,109

Motag 987

Naasog 660

Poblacion 1,514

Sambiray 1,244 Figure 2.64 Storm Surge Map

Yapak 5,750 The Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office conducted a survey on households/ families living in
unsafe areas, a month after Typhoon Yolanda. The 40-meter easement from the coastline was proclaimed
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022
a No Build Zone Area through an Executive Order from President Aquino. This led to the Municipal Planning
and Development Office to also conduct a survey to delineate households residing within the said zone in
Mainland Malay.

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Table 2.24 List of Families Living in Unsafe Areas, 2013 Table 2.25 Households within 40-meter Easement Table 2.26 Contingency Planning Form 1- Hazard Assessment

Name of Barangay Number of Households Number of Number of Rank Hazard P I Remarks Average
Name of Barangay
Households Household Members
Argao 11 2 Earthquake 3 5 Geographic Location 4

Balabag - Argao 29 124 Geographic location;

past experiences such
Balusbos 15 54 Tropical
Balusbos 12 1 5 5 as Typhoons Undang, 5
Cyclone
Senyang, Frank and
Caticlan 74 Caticlan 56 261 Yolanda
Cubay Norte 1 3 Geographic location;
Cogon 2 2 Tsunami 3 5 stories of the Aetas in 4
Cubay Sur 5 18 1948
Cubay Norte 8
Geographic location;
Cubay Sur 20 Motag 17 74 1 Storm Surge 3 5 stories of the Aetas in 5
1948
Dumlog 12 Poblacion 65 294
Identified areas prone to
4 Flash Flood 3 5 2.5
Sambiray 3 6 flash flood
Kabulihan 21
Identified areas prone to
4 Landslide 3 2 2.5
Manoc-manoc - Total 191 824 landslide
Source: MDRRMO – CP Form Scenario Building Occurrence of tornado
6 Tornado 1 1 1
Motag 21 in the past
Tropical Cyclones River Identified areas prone to
Naasug - 3 5 2 3.5
According to historical records, tropical cyclones left the most destruction Flooding river flooding
on the lives and properties of the Malaynon communities. Table 26 Past experience on El
Nabaoy 1 details the probability of occurrence of the hazards in the municipality. 5 Drought 5 4 4.5
Niño Phenomenon
“P” stands for Probability while “I” stands for Intensity. Source: MDRRMO – CP Form Scenario Building
Napaan 2

Poblacion 38 Due to the country’s location in the typhoon belt of the world, there is
an average of 20-22 tropical cyclones that pass the Philippine Area of
Sambiray 4 Responsibility annually. Malay, Aklan is prone to tropical cyclones due
to its geographic location. Typhoon Yolanda devastated the municipality
Yapak 2 of Malay as it affected 15,494 families with the damage it caused to
properties and residents. The extent of the damage is presented in the
Total 228 table below.
Source: MDRRMO – CP Form Scenario Building
Table 2.27 Damage of Super Typhoon Yolanda (2013)

The Municipal Planning and Development Office in collaboration with

the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Office, Municipal Social Welfare Affected Families
and Development Office, and participating Barangay captains and
Totally damaged houses 274
officials conducted another site survey in order to validate the existing
list of households enlisted by the MPDO and MSWDO.
Partially damaged houses 2,710
Damage on housing, agriculture,
P 24,363,970
and infrastructure
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Table 2.28 Three Scenarios During Tropical Cyclone Table 2.29 Drought Events in the Philippines, 1968-1998

Situations Bad Case Worse Case Worst Case Date of Occurrence Areas Affected Damages
Tropical Depression Tropical Storm made Typhoon made landfall Moderate to severe drought over most of
Total of 5x105mt pf rice and corn
made landfall or within landfall or within the in or within the vicinity of 1968-1969 the Philippines with Bicol region as most
production
the vicinity of Malay, vicinity of Malay, Aklan Malay, Aklan; Maximum severely affected
Description of event
Aklan; maximum maximum sustained sustained wind of
Central Luzon, Palawan, Visayas, and Total loss of 6.3x105 mt of rice
sustained winds of less winds of less than 64 to greated than 117 kph is 1972-1973
Mindanao and corn production
than 63 kph is ovserved 117 kph is observed experienced
Death: 0 Injury: less Total loss of 7.5x105mt of rice and
Death: 10, Injjury: less Death: 3.000, Injury: less 1977-1978 The whole of Mindanao except Davao
Death/injury than 50 (minor injuries), corn production
than 100, Missing; 500 than 10,000, Mising; 500
Missing: 0 Western and Central Luzon, Southern
62,917 persons for Tagalog Provinces, Northern Visayas,
5,000 local and foreign Malay projected for the Bohol and Western Mindanao Rice and corn production loss
Affected population 65,000 including tourists 1982-1983
tourists out of 9,000 month of May 2015 plus of claims amounted to P38M;
Oct. 1982 – March 1983
tourists per day Moderate to severe drought affected hydropower generation loss was
Apr. 1983 – Sept 1983
most of Luzon, Negros Occidental and P316M
25% partially damaged Iloilo
houses, 10% totally
Totally damaged houses
damaged houses
and establishments, Severe drought affected Bicol Region,
Partially damaged and establishments,
Effects on housing, agricultural land and Southern Negros, Cebu and Western Estimated agricultural damages
houses made of light agricultural land and
properties, and livelihood products have extensive 1986-1987 Mindanao of P47M
materials products were partially
damage. Tourism may Oct. 1986 – March 1987
damaged, stranded
be severely affected. Apr. 1987 – Sept. 1987 Severe drought affected mainland of Estimated hydro energy
passengers, few large
Luzon, Central Visayas and Western generation loss was P671M
trees are uprooted
Mindanao
Power blackout,
communication facilities
Limited Internet access, Total power black-out, Drought affected Cagayan Valley, Panay
moderately affected, Estimated 5x105mt of rice
Power interruption is communication facilities Island, Guimaras, Palawan and Southern
impassable roads and and corn production losses;
experienced, stranded severely affected, roads 1989-1990 Mindanao; affected rice and corn area
bridges in certain areas, hydropower generation loss of
Effects on infrastructure locals and tourists, and bridges are not Oct. 1989 – March 1990 total 283,562 has.
limited transportation P348M; 10% cutback in water
and facilities Transportation: Sea passable, transportation Major Multipurpose water reservoirs
limited water supply, production in Metro Manila
(conditional), Air is interrupted, damage reduced inflow
clogging of drainage Severe drought affected Mindanao,
(Cancelled Flights), Land on water and drainage P4.09 Billion agricultural losses:
facilities resulting to Central and Western Visayas and
(conditional) facilities. 1991-1992 20% shortfall in Metro Manila water
minimal flooding in Cagayan Valley; affected agricultural
certain areas supply
areas of 461,800 has.
60% of personnel were Even response groups 622,106 mt of rice production
Response capabilities Functional deployed and ready to are victims of disaster, About 70% of the Philippines experienced loss and 565,240 mt of corn
respond no capacity to respond. 1997-1998 severe drought; about 292,000 has of amounting to P3B; water
rice and corn area completely damaged shortages; forest fires and human
Source: MDRRMO – CP Form Scenario Building
health impacts
Source: DOST-PAGASA, Rosalina De Guzman, “Impacts of Droughts in the Philippines” presented in the International Workshop on Droughts and
Drought Extreme Temperatures: Preparedness and Management for Sustainable Agriculture, Forestry
PAGASA has defined drought as three (3) consecutive months of below normal rainfall conditions (60 percent
reduction from average). Dry spells are characterized by three consecutive months of around 21-60% reduction
from average rainfall conditions. Western Visayas has been severely affected by a drought phenomenon
back in 1991-1992 and 1989-1990.

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Table 2.30 Climatic Changes, Possible Impacts, and Potential Impacts on Cities/Municipalities
Climatic Change
Increased temperatures
Increased precipitation
Sea-level Rise
Increased extreme weather
episodes (storms, cyclones,
hurricanes)
Source: HLURB Guidebook
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Possible Impact
- Groundwater depletion
- Water shortages
- Drought
- Degrade air quality (smog)
- Increased flooding
- Increased risk of landslides or
mudslides on hazard slopes
- Coastal flooding
- More intense flooding
- Higher risk of landslides/
mudslides on hazard slopes
Potential Urban Planning-Related Consequences
- Water shortages
- Distress migration to cities/ towns due to droughts in rural areas
- Interruption of food supply networks and higher food prices
- Potential energy price increases (e.g. from reduce hydro-electricity generation in places where it exists)
- Exaggerated urban heat island effects
- Increased energy demands for cooling
- Need for higher and/or additional wastewater treatment
- Population health impacts (e.g. increased mortality during heat waves, decreased access to food/ nutrition)
- Interruption of food supply networks
- Property damage (homes and businesses)
- Disruption of livelihoods and city/ town economies
- Damage to infrastructure not designed to standards of occurrences being experienced
- Distress migration to cities due to floods in rural areas
- Displacement and population movement from informal settlements built on steep slope hazard lands, etc.
- More favorable breeding grounds for pathogens (e.g. mosquitoes and malaria)
- Population health impacts (increased incidences of water-borne diseases like cholera)
- Displacement and population movement from coastal flood areas
- Property damage (homes and businesses)
- Damage to infrastructure not designed to standards of occurrences being experienced
- Disruption of livelihoods and city/ town economies
- Population health impacts (injuries, increased mortality and illness)
- Property damage (homes and businesses)
- Damage to infrastructure not designed to standards of occurrences being experienced
- Population health impacts (injuries, increased mortality, distress)
- Disruption of livelihoods and city/ town economies
- Interruption of food supply networks
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Table 2.31 Policy Areas with Development Strategy and Risk Reduction/Development Objectives
Policy Area Characteristics
Protection
High water level and velocity
of floods; currently open
space
River Floodway – Agricultural
Some part has existing
settlements and
establishments
High water level and velocity
River Floodway – Urban of floods currently occupied
by private property owners
Prone to permanent
inundation from projected
coastal erosion and sea level
rise; currently open space.
Beach
30-meter easement along the
coastline of Boracay Island
as specified in Proclamation
1064 of 2006
70
Development Strategy
Open Space/ Recreation
Disaster Risk Mitigation
Riparian Vegetation
Habitat Creation
Disaster Risk Mitigation
Open Space/ Recreation
Legally defined under the
Proclamation 1064 that the
30 meter easement is part
of the classified forestland
and is not subject
therefore to alienation.
Risk Reduction/ Development Objectives
Prevent future development/ develop into open space/ recreational area
Ensure safety of existing settlements by mitigation, warning and evacuation systems and relocation programs. No future
development to be allowed.
Ensure safety of existing settlements by mitigation, warning and evacuation systems and relocation programs. No
encroachments on floodways shall be done unless a registered professional certifies that the proposed development will not
result in any increase in flood levels
Development shall be allowed provided that:
- All new construction and additions to any residential or nonresidential structure shall have the lowest floor, together with
attendant utility and sanitary facilities, elevated to no lower than (one to three) feet above the base flood elevation
- All utilities including electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, air conditioning, and other service facilities, including ductwork,
shall be elevated or made of flood resistant materials up to (one to three) feet above base flood elevation, and designed and
located to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding
- All new buildings and additions to existing buildings must be constructed on foundations that are approved by a licensed
professional engineer
- Structure must be constructed using materials that are resilient to flood damage.
- Any development within the overlay zone shall not contribute to the increase of flood levels especially during flood events.
- Development activities must be sited and designed to minimize disruption to shorelines and their banks
- Where new or replacement water and sewer systems, including on-site systems, are proposed ina flood hazard area
the applicant shall provide the zoning officer and the building official with assurance that these systems will be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into systems to avoid contamination during periods of flood.
- All waterways shall be improved and developed to prevent erosion and siltation. Installation and construction of slope
protection along the areas with high potential risk or erosion risks.
- There should be creation of open spaces and revegetation.
Prevent future development/ develop into recreational/ tourist area
Reserve foreshore areas that are critical for recreation/ tourism purposes and other public uses particularly the 25 meters from
the mean high water mark inland.
Reserve areas for recreation/ tourism purposes. It will be reserved for beach activities including active and passive recreation,
walking and other related beach activities. Permanent development (structures) of any kind except those associated with
environmental interpretation initiate such as signs, trails, and pedestrian walkways. Landscape of landform modification is
disallowed.
There should be animal habitat creation areas like turtle nesting sistes, mangrove areas, etc.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 High susceptibility to
landslides, currently protected
forest Conservation
Prevent future development/ limit access
Upland-Protected Forest Consists of the intact old and Protection and Restrict human use/ activity zone, very limited people’s visitation will be allowed. Incursions and clearings are illicit/
second-growth forest areas Conservation unauthorized and are not sanctioned in anyway.
in Barangay Yapak which
is moderately susceptible to
hazard
Buffer
Mountain foothills, low-
moderate susceptibility to
Limited Agricultural
Upland-Agri-Forest landslides, currently a mix of Ensure safety of existing and future settlements as well as protection of adjacent forests through limiting density and use.
Development
agricultural and forest use with
scattered settlements
Production/ Settlement (Limited
Use)
Ensure safety of existing and future settlements through limiting density and use and establishing site and building construction
requirements.
Currently built up with Low-Density Urban
River Floodplain residential subdivisions, Development and Disaster
Enhance the capabilities as a flood plain by minimizing impermeable surfaces
commercial areas Risk Adaptation
Re-establishment of agricultural areas or animal habitats for eco-tourism
Production/ Settlement (Multiple Use)
Low susceptibility to hazards; Agricultural Optimization
Optimize agriculture by preserving prime agricultural land; controlled settlement expansion may be allowed under certain
Inland – Agricultural currently agriculture areas with and Planned Urban
conditions
some settlements Expansion
Low susceptibility to hazards;
Inland – Urban Infill development Increase density through infill development
currently built up urban area
Source: MDRRMO – CP Form Scenario Building
General Policies and Objectives for Tropical Cyclone 3. All acquired facilities of ICS shall be established. Preparedness and Mitigation
There are five (5) areas to lay down the direction of the operations for Goal: To ensure the appropriate, effective and efficient operation of
the occurrence of tropical cyclone in the vicinity of the municipality Information, Education and Communication (IEC) response groups in times of disaster or emergency situations.
especially if it is in the worst case scenarios. The said areas are: Goal: To effectively receive and disseminate accurate and timely
1. Command, Control and Coordination; information. 1. Set up the command structure on response (water, land and air)
2. Information, Education and Communication; 2. Activation of task service unit particularly the response unit.
3. Resources and Budget Allocation; 1. Coordinating meetings shall be undertaken by the Malay 3. Conduct coordination meeting among search, rescue and
4. Preparedness and Mitigation; MDRRMC and other key stakeholders as warranted by situation retrieval (SARR) groups prior their development.
5. Response Protocol and Capacity. 2. Activation of task service unit particularly the public information 4. All SAR groups shall coordinate with the SARR team
service. 5. Prior to deployment, ensure the rescue groups have their
Command, Control and Coordination (3Cs) 3. PIO shall authorized responsible official to disseminates the respective PPEs and rescue equipment
Goal: To ensure a coordinated response operations. necessary information to the general public 6. Deployment of response unit to conduct SARR operation.
1. Coordinating meetings shall be undertaken by the Malay 4. All sensitive information will be directly reported 7. Mobilization of team responsible on food, evacuation area/
MDRRMC and other key stakeholders as warranted by the situation 5. All sensitive information relayed to the media must be properly camp management, psychological support/welfare desk and
2. The LCE shall activate the Incident Command System (ICS) cleared. health.

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 8. Provision of security and peace and order in evacuation areas,
delivery of relief goods, and business areas.
9. Establish a 24-hour monitoring system by installation of
computer-based monitioring devices like CCTV at various
observation points.
10. Provisions for evacuation areas with full facilities for the temporary
need of evacuees during disasters.
Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Climate Change Adaptation
(DRRM-CCA) Priority Issues and Concerns
- According to the Aklan Hazard Report (MGB and PENRO-Aklan,
2011), several barangays in the municipality are prone to landslides
and flooding. White Beach in Boracay Island is experiencing
beach erosion due to the loss of corals (Coastal Conservation and
Education Foundation, Inc., 2009).
- Four barangays in Malay, namely: Brgys. Kabulihan, Nabaoy,
Napaan and Yapak are moderately susceptible to landslides,
however, SitioNabaoy (in Brgy. Nabaoy) and SitiosTauban and
Dalamuan (Brgy. Napaan) are highly susceptible to landslides.
Barangay Naasog has low to moderate susceptibility to landslide,
while Barangays Sambiray and Cogon are at low risk to landslide.
The rest of the ten (10) barangays (Argao, Balabag, Balusbos,
Caticlan, Cubay Norte, Cubay Sur, Dumlog, Manocmanoc, Motag,
and Poblacion) are not susceptible to landslide.
- Floods in Malay are caused by the overflowing of Putol, Napaan,
Nabaoy and Malay Rivers during heavy rains. Inadequate drainage
systems also aggravate floods in the area.
-Low depth floods (less than 0.5m) occasionally occur in Brgys.
Poblacion, Sambiray, Balusbos, Kabulihan and Yapak. The
barangay proper, SitiosManggayan and D Mall in Brgy. Balabag
are also prone to flooding even with normal rainfall
- Barangays Argao and Cubay Norte are prone to flash floods that
can last for 3 hours due to the overflowing of Napaan River during
heavy rains. Floods of moderate to high flood depth of 0.5- 1.0 meter
also seasonally affect these barangays. The overflow of Nabaoy
River during heavy rains can cause flooding in Brgy. Nabaoy,
Brgy. Cubay Sur and Brgy. Motag. SitioBungton (in Brgy. Nabaoy)
is susceptible to high flood level of more than 1 meter when both
Nabaoy and Imbaruto rivers overflow.
Goals, Objectives, Recommendation and Strategies for Disaster Risks
Reduction Management
Goals
- Avoid hazards and mitigate their potential by reducing vulnerabilities
and exposure and enhancing capacities of the barangays.
- Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate
or predict, cope and recover from negative impacts of disaster or
emergency occurrences.
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- Provide life preservation and met the basic subsistence needs of
affected population based on acceptable standards during or
immediately after a disaster.
- Restore and improve facilities, livelihood and living conditions and
organizational capacities of affected communities, and reduced
disaster risks in accordance with the “building back better” principle.
Objectives
- Reduce the risk of disaster in the municipality and to prepare
communities on the possible impacts of disaster events
- Reduce vulnerability of communities to climate changes and
increase adaptive capacity to these changes.
Strategies
- Strengthen the DRRMC at the municipal and barangay levels.
- Conduct disaster risks assessment and vulnerability assessment to
climate change impacts
- Integrate DRR assessment CC vulnerability assessment in all sectors
in land use and development plans
- Increase the capability of the municipality to acquire and disseminate
accurate and timely information through IEC campaigns and early
warning systems
- Identify and prepare evacuation centers.
- Mobilize and manage resources for disaster risks reduction and
climate change adaptation.
- Require disaster risk assessment as part of the environmental impact
assessment prior to development of environmentally critical projects
and projects located in environmentally critical areas.
- Relocation of settlements in high risk areas to safer places
Targets
- Conduct of disaster risk assessment which includes hazard
characterization, consequence and vulnerability analysis, and
risk estimation and evaluation. This includes mapping of vulnerable
areas. Information generated should be disseminated to the
Barangay disaster coordinating councils (BDCC) for contingency
action planning and mitigation measures.
- Conduct assessment of vulnerability to the impacts of climate
change. This includes sensitivity analysis, exposure assessment
and analysis of adaptive capacity or resilience to climate changes.
- Integration of DRRM and CCA analysis and plans in land use and
water use planning and sectoral development plans.
- Establishment of a MDRRM Center which will be equipped with
communication and emergency response and rescue facilities.
- Continuous training program for staff on the conduct of disaster
risk assessment and vulnerability assessment; continuous training
of personnel in preparation for disasters.
- Conduct of disaster training and public awareness programs.
This would involve training and information campaigns on disaster
awareness, disaster preparedness, drills and exercises, disaster
rescue and relief operations, protocols on evacuation centers and
post-disaster rehabilitation activities
- Mobilization and training of barangay volunteers and community
leaders in the monitoring and reporting of impending floods,
landslides, storm surges and other hazards, using climatological
indicators and disaster information from agencies such as PAGASA,
PHIVOLCS, DENR-EMB, DILG and the local government.
- Development and operationalization of an Early Warning System.
This would include strengthening of coordination efforts with
NDRRMC and PDRRMC; setting of monitoring stations (rain gauges,
water level gauges), community communication and broadcast
systems and procedures, and coordination with other national
agencies and development organizations, such as PAGASA,
PHIVOLCS, DENR-EMB, DILG, DSWD, DPWH, DND, PNP, PNRC,
among others. Installation of rain gauges in barangays to measure
the volume of rain and water level monitoring stations in creeks and
rivers is encouraged.
- Identification and preparation of evacuation centers that can serve
as safe and immediate shelter of those who are affected by disasters
or in dangerous areas and most likely to be affected by the disasters.
This will include preparation of evacuation plans and procedures
and procurement of necessary facilities and transportation for
emergency and evacuation activities as well as emergency health
kits, food and water provisions.
- IEC programs to promote disaster awareness in the households
and the whole community. This would enhance family and
community preparedness through disaster information and
readiness training campaigns.
- Resettlement or relocation of households located in dangerous
or disaster prone areas. (i.e. settlements in critical slopes prone to
landslides/ mudslides, areas prone to floods and storm surges).
- Development of water impoundment areas for agriculture.
- Promote rainwater harvesting technologies/ practices in the
community to save water and prepare for dry periods.
- Study and promote diversification of crops, multiple/ alternate
cropping in agriculture.
- Promote energy saving technologies in building construction,
production processes and administration.
- Protect recharge areas and enhance recharge capacity of
groundwater in order to save resources during drier months.
- Dredging and declogging of all water ways to prevent overflowing
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Figure 2.65 Flood Hazard Map of Malay

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Figure 2.66 Rain Induced Landslide Map of Malay

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Figure 2.67 Tsunami-Prone Storm Surge Map of Malay

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Figure 2.68 Ground Rupture Hazard Map of Malay

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Figure 2.69 Soil Erosion Potential Map of Malay

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Municipality of Malay
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3.1 Political Map

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
3.2 Microclimate Analysis

Municipality of Malay
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3.3 Topographic Map

Topographic Map
Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
3.4 Hazard Overlay Map

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
3.5 Development Constraints and
Challenges
Water Supply and Quality
Malay has sources of water that can sufficiently supply its
A. Natural Hazards and Constraints constituents for the coming years. Unfortunately, existing and
proposed water-related infrastructure mainly cater to the Boracay
Flooding clientele giving priority for tourism and commercial activities.
Floods in Malay are caused by the overflowing of Napaan, Nabaoy,
Putol and Malay rivers during heavy rains. Inadequate drainage Although Malay has subsisted on traditional water extraction methods,
systems aggravate flooding around the area. Flood water is high in such as open, deep, and artesian wells, and manual and motor-powered
barangays Argao, Caticlan, Sambiray, Cubay Norte, Cubay Sur, pumps, it is necessary that water for consumption be treated to prevent the
Nabaoy, Napaan, Poblacion, and Motag. In barangays, Balabag, outbreak of water-borne diseases. The provision of a safe and potable
Balusbos, Yapak, and Cabulihan, the height of the flood water is usually water distribution system for its growing population should be a priority by
less than 0.5 meters. Barangays Cogon, Dumlog, Manocmanoc, and the LGU. However, because of the relatively high financial requirements
Naasog are not susceptible to flood hazards. to establish such system, the participation of private investors and the
national government is crucial to address the increasing water demand.
Landslides Topography
The result of the geo-hazard assessment of the Mines and Geosciences Mt. Luho is Boracay Island’s highest point standing at approximately
Bureau in the municipality of Malay showed that out of the 17 barangays, 6 113 meters above sea level (MASL). The hill currently has viewing
are not susceptible to landslide, namely; Argao, Caticlan, Cubay Norte, decks for tourists who want to get a 360-degree view of the island and
Cubay Sur, Manocmanoc, and Motag. Meanwhile, 8 barangays have a glimpse of the Malay mainland. Landslide is one of the municipality’s
been identified only as moderately susceptible, namely; Cabulihan, hazards and puts a huge toll on possible future developments in the
Nabaoy, Napaan, Yapak, Naasug, Balusbos, Dumlog, and Poblacion. area.
Some parts of barangays Napaan, Dumlog, and Poblacion are highly
susceptible to landslide; and barangays Sambiray, Cogon, and Yapak
only have low susceptibility. B. Man-Made Hazards and Constraints
Table 3.1 Distribution of Landslide-Prone Barangays (2013) Cultural Tourism
With Boracay as a world-renowned tourism destination, there is bound
to be many tourism and tourism-related developments. As such, there
Barangay Total Population should be a collaboration between the private sectors and the locals to
prepare the Municipality for such industry. Furthermore, seeing as the
Balabag 13,360
Municipality has indigenous people, alternative tourism similar to the
Motag Living Museum should be encouraged and supported. This can
Balusbos 1,302
also enhance the “cultural experience” of tourists and visitors without the
Cabulihan 694 commodication of culture.
Cogon 656 Capacity Training
While employment generation has increased, the Municipality, having
Dumlog 926 only few college/university graduates, cannot utilize this opportunity. An
inventory and assessement of the current available skillset should be
Naasog 660 conducted to determine the needed capacity training to be offered.
Nabaoy 1,236 Community Services
Based from the 2016 accomplishment report, 75% of the Municipality’s
Napaan 783 total revenue is locally sourced, while the rest is sourced from the
Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA). Also, Boracay’s branding can be an
Poblacion 1,514 advantage when it comes to attracting investors and private sectors for
setting up adequate facilities for social welfare and healthcare services
Sambiray 1,244
(e.g. tertiary schools, primary and secondary hospitals, clinics, etc.).
Yapak 5,750
Source: MDRRMO – CP Form Scenario Building
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Environmental Degradation
Due to the unequivocal influx in the number of tourism arrivals in Malay
and their corresponding anthropogenic activities, the environmental
quality of the Municipality of Malay is at high risk. Environmental issues
such as improper solid waste management, intrusion of saline water
in the groundwater system, destruction of the aesthetic property of
Malay’s coastal waters aggravates the degradation of the municipality’s
environment. Improper development of the natural environment or the
lack on conservation or preservation can also lead to the degradation
of the existing ecosystems.
Disturbance of Wildlife
Anthropogenic activities such as helmet and scuba diving may interfere
with the natural condition and interaction of marine organisms under
the ocean.Some species of nudibranchs called rhinophores are known
as chemically sensitive. Intrusion of certain chemicals might put them
at risk. Meanwhile, coral reefs are marine species which are highly
sensitive and can be damaged by stepping on them. Divers/snorkellers
who are not aware of this immediately stress the organism and can
possibly kill them. Decline in coral reef system also puts multiple reef
fishes at risk. In the long run, it will affect the bigger fish and interfere with
the marine ecosystem’s equilibrium, and also affect the livelihood of
human beings, most especially those that are dependent on seafood
for their living and diet. While overfishing is not a problem, noise and
light pollution on the coasts, inland and highland animal habitats are a
disturbance to wildlife.
C. On Economy
Improvement of Productivity in Agriculture and Fisheries
Adherence to Production Policies
The improvement of productivity in the primary sector of the economy
of the Municipality of Malay should be anchored on the following
production policies:
• Areas under strategic agricultural and fisheries as well as
development zones shall be set aside to ensure ecological integrity and
promote food security. Prime agricultural lands shall be protected from
conversion.
• All irrigated and irrigable lands, and lands developed or possessing
the potential for development for high value crops shall be given full
protection from conversion.
• Prohibit fishing in any form or to gather seaweeds, sand, rocks,
coral or anything within the habitat for breeding and culture of marine
resources most importantly in the Protected Marine Sanctuary.
• Employ sustainable farming technology to maximize the production
potential of palay.
Stagnant Value Characteristics of Commodities
Value added agriculture can be considered in increasing the value
of primary agricultural commodities through agricultural processing,
organic farming, product diversification and development, among
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others. Farm produce are processed to increase its value, extend
the availability of farm products and reduce postharvest losses. This
is performed outside of the traditional commodity production with the
purpose of generating a higher return per unit of the commodity sold.
This strategy requires further diversification and broadening of the
agricultural base since 31.07% and 10.18% of the total agricultural
land area of the Municipality of Malay are devoted to coconut and rice
production, respectively.
Poor Adaptation to Environmental Challenges
Environmental concerns such as soil erosion, watershed and water
management, pest management, climate change adaptation, among
others have to be integrated with agriculture. These concerns can
directly or indirectly affect agricultural productivity.
Cultural Minorities
The cultural minorities of the community shall be involved in skills
training and self-employment assistance to meet the growing needs of
the family.
Limited Government Facilities
Currently the Municipal Welfare and Development Office is occupying
the Senior Citizen’s Building with just a few facilities. As based on AO. 82.
S.2003 Standards on Social Welfare and Development Service Delivery
System in the Local Government Units, office space requirements is 4.0
sqms. per person with a free space of 4.0 sqms. per allotted room for
mobility. Because there is no Municipal Social Welfare Development
Office building, Malay has an inadequacy in facilities These include:
• A space/ room for interview and counseling
• Conference Room,
• Separate living quarters for male and female personnel in times of
disaster or emergency operations
• Ample space/ room for receiving clients
• Storage room for stockpiling of relief operations.
Limited Manpower
Based on AO. 82. S.2003 Standards on Social Welfare and Development
Service Delivery System in the Local Government Units, the current
staffing of the Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office has
inadequacy in support personnel such as Project Development Officers
(PDO), Livelihood Evaluation Officers (LEO), Youth Development
Officers (YDO), Manpower Development Officers (MDO), Nutritionists,
Statisticians, Information Communication Technology Officers (ICTO)
and drivers.
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D. On Transportation, Infrastructure and
Utilities
Topography
The topography of the land poses a great challenge to any kind of
development on the site, since most of its areas, specifically 60.2%, are
sloping hilly to mountainous. The changing elevation of the land may
incur higher costs on infrastructure projects like roads and drainage
ways but this also limits developments which in turn preserves the
natural environment. As a result, there is only one main road traversing
the entire municipality of Malay, the Aklan West Road. The down side
to this is that it is vulnerable to storm surges and tsunamis due to its
proximity ot the coast.
Concentrated Development
Both ports, Caticlan Jetty Port and Caticlan RoRo operations create
heavy traffic and hassles to tourist passing the Caticlan Jetty Port.
Sea waters within the Caticlan Port and Cagban Port have already
been tested by the DENR and have been found out to be highly
contaminated with gasoline and other sea craft wastes.
Most commercial uses are also concentrated in Caticlan which causes
the great influx of people that come and go to shop and avail basic
to complex services like salon, laundry, machine repair and the like.
Seasonal Changes
Currently, the sea public transport from mainland Malay to Boracay
is considered to be not dependable during bad weather condition.
Suspension of boat operations from and to the island is very
unpredictable especially during south monsoon season.
Limited Transport Infrastructure Facilities
As mentioned above, there is only the Aklan West Road that traverses
the entire municipality. It stretches from the Municipality of Nabas,
through Barangay Caticlan, to the Municipality of Buruanga, through
Barangay Dumlog. As an effect, vehicular traffic is always congested
in Caticlan, especially near the jetty port.
There is also lack of transportation terminals. Due to the influx of
visitors, the jetty port has exceeded its capacity and cannot efficiently
cater to the incoming and outgoing visitors, as well as both private
and public transport vehicles. Moreover, there is a lack of sidewalks
for pedestrians and bicycle lanes on the road transport corridors.
Furthermore, transportation modes within the municipality is limited to
tricycles and motorcycles. The lack of a mass transportation mode
does not only result to traffic congestion but also to environmental
degradation due to air and noise pollution from the excesseive number
of low-capacity vehicles.
Inefficient Sewerage and Drainage Systems
Drainage and Sewerage systems are vital to community developments
especially to urban areas. In Boracay Island, it was recently discovered
that many establishments are illegally tapped to the drainage pipes
instead of the sewerage pipes when a very large amount of coliform
was found at the outfall. It was also found out that the sewerage system
is not sufficient to serve the current demand of the built-up areas.
Lack of Walkability and Vegetation
The first mode of transportation should always be walking, followed
by bicycles. On the road transport corridors of Boracay, sidewalks
were not considered in the design and planning of the infrastructure
developments. Some sidewalks are even encroached by business
establishments and used as an extension of their commercial space.
Landscapes and trees are also very rare on the urbanized areas of the
island leading to air and visual pollution.
E. On Land Classification and Land
Ownership
Notwithstanding the physical state of Boracay as a highly urbanized
area and the claims of land ownership by business establishments,
Boracay Island is state-owned as declared by the Supreme Court
(SC) of the Philippines. In a court decision in October 2008, the SC
had classified the island as both forest and agricultural land that
belongs to the government. It junked ownership claims by several resort
owners by affirming Proclamation 1064 issued by then president Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo, which classified Boracay Island into 400 hectares
of reserved forestland for “protection purposes” and 628.96 hectares
of agricultural land that are “alienable and disposable.” Hence, the
Supreme Court stressed that even if its forest cover has been replaced
by beach resorts, restaurants and other commercial establishments,
Boracay Island has not been automatically converted from public forest
to alienable agricultural land (Daily Inquirer, 18 August 2018).
By implication, since it is state-owned, the government is well-justified in
closing down tourism activities in the Island to make way for recovery
and rehabilitation from decades of exploitation and abuse of its
environmental assets.
On the other hand, the local government of Malay is strongly supporting
its local residents’ claim to the ownership of lands, following the Mayor’s
Position Paper regarding the matter. This document can be found on the
annex of this report.
This issue has be resolved initially to improve social relations between
the local residents and the government which will then result to smooth
implementation of plans, programs and activities.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
3.6 SWOT Analysis
Mainland Malay
STRENGTHS
• Expansive land area of 6,601 Hectares
• Presence of rivers: Malay River, Nabaoy River,
Napaan River, and Potol River
• Presence of Caticlan Jetty Port and Airport
• Various areas for commercial and tourism
development
• Cultural ethnicity
• Rich natural resources: waterfalls, caves,
forestlands, mountain, lakes, rivers
• Presence of Boracay
• Potential eco-tourism on the mountains and forests
• Potential farm-tourism with the presence of
agricultural lands
• Rich biodiversity: flora and fauna
Boracay Island
STRENGTHS
• Best Beach in 2012 by Travel+Leisure Magazine
• Best Island in the World by Conde Nast Traveler
• Fine white sand beaches
• Marine resources
• Proximity to Caticlan Airport (10-15 minutes boat
ride from Caticlan Jetty Port)
• Ideal for water sports (motorized and non
-motorized)
• 22.7-km long coastline
• Presence of caves, islets, and reefs, forested
areas, and variety of flora and fauna
• Cultural Ethnicity (Ati Tribe)
• Rich biodiversity: flora and fauna
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
WEAKNESSES
• 60% of land area is classified as hilly to
mountainous
• Limited access to social services
• Weak institutional capability to implement
construction and tourism-related ordinances
• Lack of institutions (schools, hospitals, libraries,
community and evacuation centers)
WEAKNESSES
• Limited groundwater supply
• High construction cost due to difficulty with logistics
• Salt water intrusion of the water table
• Institutional weakness in the implementation of
regulatory ordinance on building, construction,
and tourism
OPPORTUNITIES
• Development of various tourist attractions and
activities
• Agri-tourism
• Cultural tourism
• Improvement of Agricultural productivity
• Malay as international and local gateway
• Development of tourism accommodations to
catch spillover of tourists from Boracay
• Enhancement of public transportation and
pedestrianization
• Area Beautification
• Potential area for sustainable green technology
(solar farms, windmills, hydropower, etc.)
OPPORTUNITIES
• International events for water sports
• Further development of tourism accommodation
facilities and tourist attractions
• Resort developments
• Promotion of eco-tourism
• Waterfront Developments
• Pedestrianization and Enhancement of Access
• Island Beautification
• Development of green infrastructure and
architecture
• Disaster management measures
THREATS
• Natural calamities and geo-hazard
• Unsustainable management of its land and water
resources
• Uncontrolled population and unmonitored
migrations
• Corruption
THREATS
• Sanitation and sewerage problems
• Difficult terrain reduces its buildable area
• Development threat to endemic flora and fauna
• Forest denudation
• Terrorism and criminality
• Uncontrolled development and rapid urbanization
• Unrestrained number of tourists per annum
• Poor hygiene and sanitation for residential area
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3.7 Coastal Waters of Boracay
The study “Water Quality and Nutrient Loading in the Coastal Waters of Boracay Island, Malay, Aklan, Central
Philippines” discusses about the relationship of the mangrove ecosystem to the quality of Boracay Island’s
coastal waters. Biophysico-chemical parameters were defined using a series of tests conducted during
different sampling periods.
Seven sampling sites were chosen by the researchers and named as follows: Site 1 (Mangrove Swamp with
49% mangrove cover); Site 2 (Puka Beach); Site 3 (Bulabog Beach – Front Beach); Site 4 (tree impoverished
mangrove swamp); Site 5 (transition area between sites 4 and 6); Site 6 (Lugotan Cove); and Site 7 (Long
Beach – Front Beach). Sampling periods were conducted during the months of February, April, June,
September, October, and December 2016. The study showed that during the sampling days with the hottest
temperature, the water quality was at its worst. The Dissolved Oxygen (DO) level even reached zero (0), and
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) level did not pass the water quality standard set by the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).
Amount of Dissolved Oxygen refers to the amount of traceable oxygen in a liter of water (which in this case
refers to the coastal water). Amount of DO in water diminishes with the presence of organic matter. Natural
biological and chemical processes needed oxygen to decompose decaying/organic matter in water. The
situation in Site 4 (having impoverished mangrove swamp) makes it much worse by not having trees that will
give off oxygen.
The data showed that for the month of February, among the seven sampling sites, Site 6 had the highest DO
and Site 4 got the lowest traces of DO; for the month of April, Site 2 had the highest amount of DO while Site 4
got the lowest amount of DO; for the month of June, Site 2 got the highest amount of DO while Site 6 had the
lowest traces of DO; for the month of September, Site 7 had the highest amount of DO while Site 4 had the lowest
amount; for the month of October, Site 2 had the highest amount of DO while Site 4 got the lowest amount; and
for the month of December, Site 6 got the highest amount of DO while Site 1 got the lowest amount.
Biological Oxygen Demand is in an indirect relationship with the amount of Dissolved Oxygen in water. The
higher the amount of DO the lowest the amount of BOD, and the lower the amount of DO the higher the BOD
gets. The high amount of BOD in water analyses indicates that decomposition might be taking place/presence
of organic matter is too high. In this case, since the Site 4 consistently gets the highest amount of BOD shows
that it also has the lowest amount of DO. Considering Site 4’s physical condition, it is very likely to have a high
amount of BOD.Site 2 on the other hand gets the lowest amount of BOD, this indicates that Puka Beach either
has a lot of mangroves surrounding the coastal area or is surrounded by trees inland the beach or hilly trees.
Source: Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue 2-2016: 15-29 ISSN 0119-1144
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For the BOD level, Site 4 had the highest BOD amount while Sites 2 and 7 got the lowest for the month of
February; Site 4 had the highest amount of BOD again while Sites 2 and 3 had the lowest amount for the
month of April; Sites 1 and 4 got the highest amount of BOD while Sites 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7 all got a low amount
of BOD for the month of June; Site 4 had the highest amount of BOD while Site 7 got the lowest for the month of
September; Site 4 got the highest amount while Site 2 got the lowest amount of BOD for the month of October;
and Site 4 got the highest amount of BOD while Site 7 got the lowest for the month of December.
Nitrate and phosphate contents in water indicate the presence of nutrients. Nitrates are poisonous organic
compounds and can only be disposed by decomposition which is usually done by microorganisms.
Phosphates meanwhile, are inorganic compounds which are usually present in agricultural fertilizers and/
or pesticides. They also require decomposition to be banished from the environment. Excessive amounts
of nitrate and phosphate can cause algal bloom or eutrophication which later on would lead to disruption of
natural biochemical processes in water and cause DO levels to plummet.
Sites 4 and 6 have high amounts of both nitrate and phosphate during the month of February; Sites 6 and
7 in the month of April; Sites 2 and 7 in the month of June; Site 6 for both nitrate and phosphate in the month
of September; Sites 1 and 2 for the month of October and Sites 4, 5, and 6 had high amounts of nitrate and
phosphate in the month of December. High amounts of both nitrate and phosphate in the island’s coastal
waters may be attributed to a nearby agricultural land being cultivated or effluent of household wastewater.
The entire site had a normal to slightly basic pH. This can be attributed to the presence of a few nitrates in all
the sampling stations.
Lastly, the presence of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) had been shown to be high in Sites 1 for the month of
February; Site 7 in the month of April and June; Site 4 in the month of September; Site 3 during the months of
October and December. High amount of TSS may be attributed to silt, decaying plant, animal matter, industrial
wastes, and sewage.
To conclude, the water quality of Boracay Island is mostly dependent on the anthropogenic activities that take
place on the island. Natural factors such as the geological characteristic also play an important role on the
hydrological process in the island. According to the study, Boracay Island has a Karstic2 soil characteristic,
which insinuates that leaching of nutrients from the source to the coastal waters has a 150 meters of hydrological
chain. The condition of the sewerage and wastewater system in the island is among the identified causes of
this environmental problem. If not addressed properly, it will likely cause further deterioration of the physico-
chemical properties of Boracay Island’s water.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
3.8 Regional Oceanography of the Philippine Archipelago

Figure 3.1 (a) Bathymetry of the se as and straits of the Philippine Archipelago from Smith and Sandwell (1997) and http://topex.ucsd.edu/marine_ Figure 3.2 Current vectors from the shipboard-mounted 150-KHz ADCP system within the 25- to 55-m layer color coded by sea surface temperature
topo. (b) Conductivity, temperature, depth, and dissolved oxygen, and lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (CTD-O2/LA DCP) stations obtained (SST). A 1 m s-1 arrows given for scale. SCS is the South China Sea. Various features are shown in italics. (a) PhilEx regional cruise January 2008. (b)
by the four PhilEx cruises identified within the figure legend. PhilEx mooring positions are indicated. PhilEx regional cruise March 2009.

This study provides an overview of the setting and challenges of the Philippine seas with regards to its
archipelagic condition, monsoonal climate, tides, and connectivity to other bodies of water in the Pacific and
the South East Asia. The researchers, Philippine Straits Dynamics Experiment (PhilEx), were sponsored by
The Office of Naval Research to further study and identify the physical and quantitative characteristics of the
regional Philippine seas.
Analysis
The major bodies of water that have great influence or effect on the coastal waters of Malay Mainland and
Boracay Island are the Tablas Straight and the south of Sulu Sea. Water currents around the municipality
vary according to the climate, together with the underlying effects of vigorous mixing, upwelling, thermohaline
conditions, atmospheric conditions and precipitation, and depth.

Sea Surface Temperature (SST) will always depend on the atmospheric temperature, and the depth of the
basin water in oceans and seas also contribute to the determination of the water temperature. In addition to
the change of monsoonal winds that bring change in precipitation which affects the ocean water circulation,
thermohaline conditions, which refer to the movement of water in the ocean based on temperature (thermo)
and salinity (haline), also have great repercussions.
The study showed that around January season, the more active currents were observed from the west, that is
the Tablas Strait, and they flow east to southeast towards the municipality. Meanwhile, around March season,
the more active currents were observed to be coming from Sulu Sea, which flows west to southwest toward the
municipality. These study observations were made in 2008 and 2009 respectively.

The Philippine Sea is connected to the Western Pacific through San Bernardino Strait and Surigao Strait, and it
is said that these straits have an environment of vigorous mixing with possible upwelling (the process in which
deep, cold water rises toward the surface). It is observed that the currents within these straits were the strongest.
Salinity profile suggests however, that there is no clear continuity of the San Bernardino Strait into the Sibuyan
or Camotes Seas. On the contrary, the Surigao Strait characteristics do show that there is intrusion into the
Bohol Sea.

The Sulu Sea is by far, the most difficult to identify. Studies show that it conveyed a cyclonic current way back
January 2008 and an anti-cyclonic one in June 2007. With regard to the flow of the Sulu Sea, study suggests
that it flows northward into the Panay Strait.

Source: Regional Oceanography of the Philippine Archipelago by Arnold L. Gordon, Janet Sprintall and Amy Ffield

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4.1 Tourism Industry Analysis
A. Tourism Demand Analysis Market Projection for Boracay without the closure
The municipality of Malay, particularly Boracay Island enjoyed an average of 10.1% visitor growth rate for the
At a rapid market growth rate, given that the destination maintains its high quality natural condition (as the main
past 5 years. The number for the year 2018 is expected to significantly drop due to the 6-month closure of
tourism market pull), the maintenance of the quality and professionalism of service, transportation, marketing,
the island to the tourists. The final 2018 numbers, however, would only be determined at the end of the current
and institutional support such as visitor processing and tourist protection, the projected tourist arrivals to
year. Thus, the projected growth will still be pegged at 10.1% and adjustments will have to be made by 2019.
Boracay Island for the next 25 years is indicated in the table below.

Table 4.2 25 Years Project Market Growth Rate for Boracay Island

Nth Year Year Tourist Arrival

1 2018 2,204,173
2 2017 2,001,974
3 2019 2,426,795
4 2020 2,671,901
5 2021 2,941,763
6 2022 3,238,881
7 2023 3,566,008
8 2024 3,926,175
9 2025 4,322,719
10 2026 4,759,313
11 2027 5,240,004
12 2028 5,769,244
13 2029 6,351,938

Figure 4.1 Total Number of Visitors - Annual Growth Rate (Municipality of Malay) 14 2030 6,351,938
Source: Municipal Tourism Office
15 2031 6,993,484
16 2032 7,699,826
Table 4.1 Total Number of Visitors, 2013-2017 (Municipality of Malay)
17 2033 8,477,508
Domestic
Year
(Local)
Foreign OFW Total Growth Rate % 18 2034 9,333,737

2013 705,402 615,518 42,691 1,363,612

19 2035 10,276,444
20 2036 11,314,365
2014 745,266 682,832 44,254 1,472,352 7.97
21 2037 12,457,116
2015 748,617 769,560 42,529 1,560,706 6.0 22 2038 13,715,284
2016 813,302 868,765 43,416 1,725,483 10.56 23 2039 15,100,528
24 2040 16,625,681
2017 972,994 986,920 42,060 2,001,974 16
25 2041 18,304,875
Average Annual Growth
10.1%
Rate 26 2042 18,304,875
Source: Municipal Tourism Office

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Market Projection for Boracay with the Closure of Boracay Island
The 6-month closure of Boracay Island will have massive and long-lasting effect on the amount of visitors to
the island. The exact change in the number of visitors will not be known until the year 2019. Thus, in order to
determine the potential dip in the arrivals, a 50% change will be used to assign the negative growth rate for the
year 2018. The positive 10.1 average growth rate will then be applied for the years thereafter. It is also expected
that the visitor numbers will rebound to the projected growth based on the 2018 arrivals without the event of
closure. It is highly recommended that the projection be revisited and changed accordingly to reflect the more
accurate changes. Table 4.3 indicates the possible changes in visitor arrivals with the 6-month closure of the
island.
Comparative Growth Rates with and without the closure of Boracay Island
Using the projected market growth rate, the closure of Boracay Island will hardly make any setback to the
growth rate of tourists to Boracay Island as market demand is expected to be maintained immediately when
the island opens up for tourism. The 2018 dip can be treated as a anomaly that can be disregarded given
that the change 2018 arrival change is highly temporary and will not affect the medium to long term tourist
demand to the island.
Table 4.4 Comparative Market Growth Rates with and without the Closure of Boracay Island

Nth Year Year With Closure No Closure

Table 4.3 15 Years Market Projection with the 6-month Closure of Boracay Island
1 2018 1,000,974 2,204,173
Nth Year Year Arrivals Growth Rate
2 2019 2,426,795 2,426,795
0 2017 2,001,947 10.1 (ave)
3 2020 2,671,901 2,671,901
1 2018 1,000,974 -50
4 2021 2,941,763 2,941,763
2 2019 1,102,072 10.1
5 2022 3,238,881 3,238,881
3 2020 1,213,381 10.1
6 2023 3,566,008 3,566,008
4 2021 1,335,933 10.1
7 2024 3,926,175 3,926,175
5 2022 1,470,862 10.1
8 2025 4,322,719 4,322,719
6 2023 1,619,419 10.1
9 2026 4,759,313 4,759,313
7 2024 1,782,980 10.1
10 2027 5,240,004 5,240,004
8 2025 1,963,061 10.1
11 2028 5,769,244 5,769,244
9 2026 2,161,331 10.1
12 2029 6,351,938 6,351,938
10 2027 2,379,625 10.1
13 2030 6,351,938 6,351,938
11 2028 2,619,967 10.1
14 2031 6,993,484 6,993,484
12 2029 2,884,584 10.1
13 2030 3,175,927 10.1 15 2032 7,699,826 7,699,826

14 2031 3,496,695 10.1 16 2033 8,477,508 8,477,508

15 2032 3,849,862 10.1 17 2034 9,333,737 9,333,737

16 2033 4,238,698 10.1 18 2035 10,276,444 10,276,444

17 2034 4,666,806 10.1 19 2036 11,314,365 11,314,365

18 2035 5,138,153 10.1 20 2037 12,457,116 12,457,116
19 2036 5,657,107 10.1 21 2038 13,715,284 13,715,284
20 2037 6,228,475 10.1 22 2039 15,100,528 15,100,528
21 2038 6,857,551 10.1 23 2040 16,625,681 16,625,681
22 2039 7,550,163 10.1 24 2041 18,304,875 18,304,875
23 2040 8,312,730 10.1 25 2042 18,304,875 18,304,875
24 2041 9,152,316 10.1
25 2042 10,076,699 10.1

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 Comparative Growth Rates With and Without the Closure of Boracay Island

Figure 4.2 Comparative Growth Rates With and Without the Closure of Boracay Island

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Market Projection for Mainland Malay
On the other hand, the tourist attractions in the mainland of Malay are hardly getting a respectable amount of Table 4.5 Number of Visitors to the Mainland Tourist Attractions
spill-over tourists that arrive both in Caticlan and Kalibo gateways. The number of tourists going to the various
attractions of mainland Malay jumped from about 10,000 in 2014 to 23,000 in 2017 gaining an average growth Name ANNUAL VISITOR ARRIVAL
rate of about 30.7%. The percentage growth may seem impressive, but it comprises a very small amount of Tourist
of the huge potential market that should be provided by Boracay Island as the main tourist source. Given Attraction/ Establishment 2015 2016 2017
an ideal condition, the presence of a large number of visitors to Boracay should easily make the island an
established tourist hub and service center. However, the mere effort in travelling between the mainland and Mainland
Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign
Boracay, the quality of the island compared to the mainland attractions, and the limited stay of the tourists of Tourism Sites
usually 3 days and 2 nights are contributing to the low traffic to the mainland attractions. Ecological
168 3,901 494 7,568 5,282 382 5,814 1,228
Park
There is a good chance that mainland sites can attract a more sizable number of tourists if the sites are Agnaga Mini
appropriately developed, and infrastructure and transport services support are improved. Should the cultural 213 381 479 341 370 363 630 484
Falls
sites be appropriately developed with enough facilities and services to cater walk-in and group tourists, visitors
on specific travel motivation (e.g. students on “Pasyal Aral”) can then be attracted to those sites. Nabaoy River 144 4,656 248 6,831 9,971 558 11262 1,924

Pangihan
In the long term, when development would be made in the mainland due to the saturation of facilties in 120 280 248 151 189 574 366 615
Cave
Boracay, the mainland attractions can then start to attract tourists and make them allot a part of their vacation Motag Living
time exploring the mainland sites. 213 250 543 433 212 323 418 335
Musuem

TOTAL 858 9,468 2,012 15,324 16,024 2,200 18,490 4,586

Source: Municipal Tourism Office

Number of Visitors to the Mainland Tourist Attractions

Figure 4.3 Number of Visitors to the Mainland Tourist Attractions

Source: Municipal Tourism Office

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The table below indicates the 25-year market projection to Malay to the Market Projection to the Various Attractions in Mainland Malay
various tourist attractions in the mainland Malay. It must be considered,
however that there is a good chance for double counting as the reference
figures were based on gate entries and not overnight accommodation.
The figure indicates that each attraction must be properly planned and
developed in order to effectively accommodate and facilitate the visitors
to the area.

The closure of Boracay Island will definitely affect the growth rate of
tourism to Malay mainland for the year 2018. However, since the market
arrivals to Boracay will easily rebound the following year, the growth rate
of 30.7% can then be applied for the year 2019 using the established rate
of 30.7% and treating the 2018 data as an aberration.

Table 4.6 Market Projection to the Various Attractions in Mainland

Malay
Nth Year Year Arrivals Growth Rate
1 2017 23076 30.70%
2 2018 11538 -50%
3 2019 30,160 30.70% Figure 4.4 Market Projections to the Various Attractinos in Mainland Malay

4 2020 39,420 30.70%

Increasing the Value Chain Roles of Malay
5 2021 51,521 30.70%
6 2022 67,338 30.70% The agricultural sector of Malay is in the most opportune position to take
7 2023 88,011 30.70% advantage of the proximity of their land to a huge consumer market
8 2024 115,031 30.70% requiring high value products.
9 2025 150,345 30.70%
10 2026 196,501 30.70% It is recommended that the municipality of Malay’s agricultural players
consider shifting a proportion of their livelihood towards organic farming
11 2027 256,827 30.70%
and ponics (hydroponics or aquaponics) technology. By doing so, an
12 2028 335,673 30.70% increased number of people from the mainland who are not included in
13 2029 438,725 30.70% the tourism economy can be part of the island’s value chain.
14 2030 573,413 30.70%
15 2031 749,451 30.70%
16 2032 979,532 30.70%
17 2033 1,280,249 30.70%
18 2034 1,673,285 30.70%
19 2035 2,186,984 30.70%
20 2036 2,858,388 30.70%
21 2037 3,735,912 30.70%
22 2038 4,882,838 30.70%
23 2039 6,381,869 30.70%
24 2040 8,341,102 30.70%
25 2041 10,901,821 30.70%

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B. Top Foreign Visitors
Foreign visitors to Boracay Island is consistently dominated by the Asian markets such as Korea, China and
Taiwan. The Chinese market has overtaken the Korean market due to the rapid increase of their outbound
travelers.

Table 4.7 Top 10 Foreign Visitors

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

RANK COUNTRY TOTAL COUNTRY TOTAL COUNTRY TOTAL COUNTRY TOTAL COUNTRY TOTAL
1 KOREA 208,665 KOREA 263,377 KOREA 292,174 KOREA 321,016 CHINA 375,284
2 CHINA 200,794 CHINA 165,243 CHINA 177,926 CHINA 273,297 KOREA 356,644
3 TAIWAN 39,706 TAIWAN 48,354 TAIWAN 58,365 TAIWAN 55,736 TAIWAN 40,802
4 RUSSIA 19,407 U.S.A 22,203 MALAYSIA 34,970 MALAYSIA 26,115 U.S.A 22,648
5 U.S.A. 19,316 MALAYSIA 19,542 U.S.A 25,403 U.S.A 23,887 MALAYSIA 20,585
6 AUSTRALIA 16,889 SINGAPORE 18,175 AUSTRALIA 20,130 AUSTRALIA 16,745 UK 17,416
7 SINGAPORE 11,102 RUSSIA 17,945 SINGAPORE 16,446 UK 16,318 SAUDI ARABIA 15,944
8 UK 9,368 AUSTRALIA 17,649 SAUDI ARABIA 14,814 SAUDI ARABIA 15,681 AUSTRALIA 15,365
9 JAPAN 7,999 SAUDI ARABIA 11,136 UK 14,210 RUSSIA 11,593 RUSSIA 14,074
10 HONGKONG 7,700 UK 10,549 JAPAN 12,195 SINGAPORE 11,155 SINGAPORE 9,897
Source: Municipal Tourism Office

The current drawback happening in Boracay will definitely affect the arrivals in the short term and the projections
will have to be scaled accordingly when the statistics for the year 2018 are obtained.
However, it is very clear that if positive market movements are sustained, the projected number of tourists
on the island would easily smother Boracay as the number of tourists is expected to double in less than 10
years, even with the 6-month closure. The tourist number is just one indicator of expected stress to the island
as corresponding adjustments will also happen such as the increased number of service providers, number
of residents, development and transport, plus utilities such as water services and electricity requirements and
solid waste areas, and sewerage facilities.
At this point in time, another very critical market consideration is identifying latent markets and the possibility
that they may become substantial numbers of visitors that could influence the dynamics of a destination such
as Boracay Island. Latent markets are travelers that are highly ready to surge into a destination provided all
the required components become available or put into use such as transportation, visitor processing and
marketing. The Philippines (and Boracay) are actually not new to this kind of market as proven by the Chinese
travelers who are coming in droves due to the availability of the abovementioned components. The possible
latent market sources given their travel base and the current low volume of visitors to the Philippines would
include India, Indonesia, and other Southeast Asian countries.

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 Top 10 Foreign Visitors 2013-2017

Figure 4.5 Top 10 Foreign Visitors

Source: Municipal Tourism Office

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C. Tourism Supply The table below indicates the comparative beds and rooms demand for the island of Boracay.

In the year 2017, the Boracay field office of the Department of Tourism listed 53 DOT-accredited tourist Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay
establishments with a total of 6,642 rooms. Each establishment type is indicated in the table below:

Table 4.8 DOT-Accredited Tourist Establishments in Boracay Island, 2017

Establishment Type Number of Establishments Number of Rooms

Hotels 11 942
Resorts 38 5,347
Tourist Inns 2 62
Apartelles 2 291
TOTAL 53 6,642
Source: DOT Boracay Field Office

However, the number of DOT-accredited tourist establishments represents only 12.27% of the total number of
units (45.94% for the rooms supply) in the island identified by the municipality of Malay. The number of the
tourist establishment for the year 2017 was 432 with rooms supply at 14, 456 units. Several hundred rooms
may not be accounted as non-listed facilities such as private Airbnb’s, households with extra rooms, as well
as condominium units would add to the total of available rooms in the island.
Figure 4.6 Comparative Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay
There are only three (3) identified tourist rooms establishments in the mainland of Malay with less than 50 total
available units.
Table 4.9 Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay

Occupancy Rate Beds Demand Rooms Demand

BEDS AND ROOMS DEMAND ANALYSIS
45% 24,377 14,339
Due to the absence of data to determine the exact demand for beds and rooms in Boracay Island, this
analysis is made with assumptions based on the standard information in the industry (e.g. average room 65% 16,858 9,916
occupancy). The demands shall also be grounded on ranged numbers (e.g. average accommodation
occupancy) to fully grasp the most possible demands numbers. 75% 14,626 8,603

Based on the latest (2017) data, Boracay Island attracted a total of 2,001,974 tourists, with an average stay
85% 12,905 7,591
of 3 days and 2 nights. Average accommodation occupancies are set at 45%, 65% (usual breakeven), 75%,
and 85%. As a resort destination, the average room occupancy can be pegged at 1.7 persons per room.
The demand analysis for beds and rooms with the tourist arrivals clearly indicate that Boracay Island already
suffers a considerable rooms glut that could create unwanted economic growth scenarios such as cut-
throat pricing and creating a low value perception for the destination. At 14,000 rooms inventory, the average
occupancy that includes all the 432 accommodation establishments would have to be about 45%. This
situation is very difficult to be allowed to persist due to the possible future repercussions that the rooms glut
may bring.

If the 65% occupancy rate is used as the peg for tourist arrivals, the island may already be getting almost three
(3) million tourists by year 2017.

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Given the projected market demand for the next 25 years, the beds and rooms demand at 65% occupancy Tourist Arrivals Based on 65% and 85% average occupancy for 14,456 rooms would be about
rate is expected to reach 154,000 beds and more than 90,000 rooms. 2,915,209 (65%) and 3,812,196.

If no new development is undertaken for several years, the current room supply of about 14,000 may be fully Table 4.11 below indicates the possible tourist arrivals in 2017 and 25-years growth rate based on
utilized at 65% occupancy by the year 2021. rooms count and standard industry occupancy of 65% for break-even and 85% for ideal occupancy
level. The average growth rate of 10.1% shall be re-applied the following year after the closure of
Table 4.10 Comparative Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay Boracay Island (2019).
Beds Demand @65%
Year Tourist Arrival Rooms Demand
Occupancy
Table 4.11 Comparative Projected Growth Rate based on Rooms Availability with 65% and 85% Occupancy
1 2018 2,204,173 18581 10930
Factors (Not Utilizing the 2-million Arrivals in 2017)
2 2019 2,426,795 20458 12034
3 2020 2,671,901 22524 13249 Nth Year Year Visitors Visitors
65% Occupancy 85% Occupancy
4 2021 2,941,763 24799 14588
0 2017 2,915,209 3,812,196
5 2022 3,238,881 27304 16061
6 2023 3,566,008 30061 17683 1 2018 1,457,604 1,906,098
7 2024 3,926,175 33097 19469 2 2019 3,533,819 4,621,148
8 2025 4,322,719 36440 21435 3 2020 3,890,735 5,087,884
9 2026 4,759,313 40121 23600 4 2021 4,283,699 5,601,760
10 2027 5,240,004 44173 25984
5 2022 4,716,353 6,167,538
11 2028 5,769,244 48634 28608
6 2023 5,192,705 6,790,459
12 2029 6,351,938 53546 31498
13 2030 6,351,938 53546 31498 7 2024 5,717,168 7,476,295
14 2031 6,993,484 58955 34679 8 2025 6,294,602 8,231,401
15 2032 7,699,826 64909 38182 9 2026 6,930,356 9,062,773
16 2033 8,477,508 71465 42038 10 2027 7,630,322 9,978,113
17 2034 9,333,737 78683 46284 11 2028 8,400,985 10,985,902
18 2035 10,276,444 86630 50959
12 2029 9,249,484 12,095,478
19 2036 11,314,365 95379 56105
20 2037 12,457,116 105013 61772 13 2030 10,183,682 13,317,122
21 2038 13,715,284 115619 68011 14 2031 11,212,234 14,662,151
22 2039 15,100,528 127296 74880 15 2032 12,344,670 16,143,028
23 2040 16,625,681 140153 82443 16 2033 13,591,482 17,773,474
24 2041 18,304,875 154309 90770 17 2034 14,964,221 19,568,595
25 2042 18,304,875 154309 90770
18 2035 16,475,608 21,545,023
19 2036 18,139,644 23,721,070
D. Possible Erroneous Tourist Count
20 2037 19,971,748 26,116,898
The 45% occupancy based on the number of rooms and tourist count may indicate errors in tourist 21 2038 21,988,894 28,754,705
count. A possible erroneous tourist count would have serious consequences on the effective de-
velopment and visitor management of Boracay Island as it will put off appropriate management 22 2039 24,209,773 31,658,930
mechanisms, infrastructure and utilities designed for a given number of transient populations. As a 23 2040 26,654,960 34,856,482
comparative exhibition, market projections based on the 2017 rooms supply would be based on 24 2041 29,347,111 38,376,987
65% and 85% occupancy factors and not on the recorded visitor count. The results show dramatic 25 2042 32,311,169 42,253,063
differences which would clearly indicate that infrastructure, utilities and social services needs would
have to be also drastically kept up.

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 Comparative Projected Growth Rate based on Rooms Availability with 65% and 85% Occupancy Factors
(Not Utilizing the 2-million Arrivals in 2017)
Figure 4.7 Comparative Beds and Rooms Demand in Boracay
The numbers generated by the projections provide greater urgency to properly develop and maintain
the quality of the island and also the mainland of Malay. Should any of the numbers persist, the
impact of an unplanned and poorly managed site would have its corresponding consequences
on the site and the economy of the country. This should also be taken as an opportunity for the
municipality to have enough justification to make the mainland be prepared to be the main spill-over
for both market and tourism development.
The market and rooms supply projections are actually alarming given that the finite area of Boracay
Island may not be able to absorb such pressures that may occur in the near foreseeable future.
Theoretically assuming that each tourist facility would have 100 rooms, more than 900 structures
would need to be built on the island to accommodate the projected 18 million visitors to Boracay in
25 years, which is an unacceptable scenario given the fragile geological and ecological condition of
the island. That is only based on the 2017 arrival record of 2 million. The situation becomes doubly
troubling if the projections will be based on the adjusted numbers according to the usual industry
situations (3 million for 65% occupancy or almost 4 million [85% occupancy] arrivals in 2017).
Mitigation to limit the market and development stress would not be as simple as putting a cap on the
number of tourists and facilities, as this may backfire as a result of stunted development of facilities and
services, loss of investment confidence for both direct and allied services, and marketing dynamics.
There is an immediate need to guide the development of the island and the municipality to absorb the
future of tourism growth without compromising the environmental and product quality of the destination.
102
E. Tourism Impact Analysis
Impact analysis determines the existing and possible social, economic and environmental impacts
of tourism development in the municipality which would lead to the quality maintenance of the
destination as a viable tourism product.
Boracay is a perfect example of a destination where individuals and organizations violate institutional
control mechanisms that unfortunately affected the entire quality of the destination despite the fact that
a good number of businesses and service providers are compliant and have high ethical standards.
In order to finally stop development at the expense of environment and to ensure the survival of the
tourism industry in the island, institutional control mechanisms must strictly be enforced.
Future-proofing Boracay Island
Given the projected market arrivals and demand for facilities, there is a high probability that Boracay
would be overwhelmed by the very industry that gave it significant socio-economic benefits. The fear
for said possibility is founded on actual challenges that have been happening for several decades
since the island was opened up for tourism. These include illegally-built structures, dubious permits
and property ownership resulting to social conflict, institutional shortcomings causing the proliferation
of illegal structures and business, and environmental problems leading to the degradation of the
quality of the destination.
The future cannot be denied and practices that cause the decay of the destination must be controlled
or totally eradicated if the stakeholders of the island want their children to inherit the benefits that the
past and current generations enjoy.
The future indicates more stresses that come in the form of market and development pressures as
well as technologies and management tools to help maintain the island’s tourism viability.
Thus, the island of Boracay, as well as the mainland of Malay must be future-proofed from both
predicted and unforeseen destination management challenges.
To put a rationale in impact analysis, it must be considered that Boracay is a product of tourism,
whose salability depends on the quality of its environment and market experience. Changes in the
product’s quality would have corresponding market responses that will define its short to long-term
standing as a tourism product.
To better illustrate the possible impacts of tourism to the island, two (2) scenarios will be considered.
These are: 1) limited institutional control mechanism, and 2) strict institutional control mechanism.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism

Table 4.12 Tourism Impact Analysis
Intervention Environmental Impacts
Setbacks not respected resulting to beach quality
collapse, decreased beach area, intensified rate
Beach Setback of erosion
Beach quality and expanse maintained; slower
rate of erosion
Individual establishments would alter beach
topography through clearing, hardening, setting
up barricades and transferring sand materials.
These may result to localized beach erosion either
Beach Topography Alteration in front or in the periphery of the said establishment
Beach are kept clear of any artificial barricades
and sand dynamics are maintained. Erosion
would not be artificially created.
Encroachment on road area
Road Development Road Transport Corridor width provisions are
sufficiently met
Establishments clog access.
Beach Access and Emergency Access Access by emergency vehicles ensured.
Dumping of untreated sewage into the sea
resulting to bathing water pollution
Sewage Low percentage sewage connection
Presence of an efficient and proper sewerage
system and sewage treartment plant
Drainage blockage Drainage utilized for
Drainage sewage disposal by households and business
establishments
Zero or limited segregation
Solid Waste
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Limited Institutional Control Mechanism
Strictly-enforced Institutional Control Mechanism
Social Impacts
Crowding of decreasing beach space between
tourists and service providers that include
ambulant vendors
A small number of businesses
Decreased available space for tourists and other
stakeholders
Available space for visitors and stakeholders
utilizing common areas (i.e. beach) is maintained
Majority of local stakeholders denied of access
and transport services
Quality tourist experience at high level. Local
stakeholders also benefit thru ease of travel and
delivery of services.
Visitor experience affected.
Response to emergencies affected.
Tourist experience kept at high level due to ease
of beach access. Local stakeholders also benefit
from ease of access.
Health concerns that may influence tourist arrivals
that will affect the facilities and service providers
Bathing water quality maintained and visitor health
not compromised.
Visitor experience degraded. Safety compromised
Organic wastes would emit foul odor that would
become prevalent to tourist areas.
Localized landfills may occur
Economic Impacts
Accelerated stagnation and decline of the destination
towards decreased economic returns
Economic opportunities maintained
Decreased recreation space which eventually affects the
capacity of the site.
Available space for recreation and tourist use is maintained,
allowing more individuals to utilize the site
Livelihood opportunities of other stakeholders affected due
to transport and access issues
Increased and maintained economic activity
Increased number of affected establishments and
businesses affected due to compromised emergency
response
Emergency situations such as fire to be promptly
responded; affected establishments and individuals would
have enough space for personnel evacuation and hauling
of materials to be saved.
Depending on the response of the industry, would either be
sudden collapse of the entire tourism industry or decline that
may happen in medium to long term
Quality of the island as a beach destination maintained and
visitor confidence (i.e. arrivals) also maintained.
Floods caused by blocked drainage are too graphic which
would eventually affect tourist word of mouth, may result to
decreased arrivals.
Decreased value of large parts of the island due to waste
issue.
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 Algae threat dismissed Tourist experience affected. Beach quality Will affect the viability of the main beach as a swimming
compromised. Swimming may not be destination, leading to overall tourism viability of the island.
May eventually pave the way for the appearance recommended
of toxic blue-green algae (studies highly
recommended)
Algae Issue
Algae issue directly dealt with. Prevent Tourist experience increased. Tourism maintained and businesses are positively
eutrophication be regular removal of algae and influenced.
dissipating them into the open sea (not regarded
as land garbage as hauling algae inland would
leach saltwater into the groundwater)
Continuous loss of white sand that makes the Tourist experience degraded Market dissatisfaction and avoidance resulting to declined
island a major destination visits.
Coral Reefs and associate species that help in Tourist experience maintained and satisfaction Continued arrival of tourists and maintenance of businesses
the production of white sand protected (e.g. local remains high. and livelihood.
White Sand Beach protection of parrotfishes).

Non-permission of any coastal development and

facility-centered protection (e.g. fencing) that would
result to beach dynamics disturbance and sand
erosion.
Developments are allowed to rise on wetlands and Storm water will be rediverted and waterways will Economic activites will be greatly affected and dwindled by
waterways which results to the decrease or loss of overflow causing flooding on built-up areas, which inaccessible infrastructure during a flood.
catchment areas for storm water. will eventually tarnish tourist experience.

Restoration of wetlands, waterways and easements

Developments are restricted on protected Tourist experience maintained and satisfaction Continued arrival of tourists and operation of businesses
areas while easements are properly and strictly remains high. and livelihood.
observed.

Building permit requirements disregarded. Total ambience of Boracay affected leading to May affect tourist arrivals in terms of quantity and market
Violations in location, design and magnitude degraded tourist experience. quality.
rampant. Would cause congestion, pollution build-
Building Permits up, etc.
All households and business establishments Ambience of the island maintained at high quality, Maintained market interest. Visitor volume and market types
to follow building permit requirements, design influencing tourist experience. kept at ideal levels.
standards and environmental safety.

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Any type of business, even those that are not allied Increase local population Other businesses will compete with the tourism sector.
with tourism or create unacceptable environmental
impacts are established in the island.
Allowed Business Types Only tourism-related establishments are allowed Boracay’s tourism character is maintained Will influence the development of the mainland thereby
on the island. Those that will create environmental spreading the economic opportunities in the municipality.
problems and social conflicts are not allowed to
establish presence on the island
Structures are established in environmentally- Tourist safety is compromised. Also affected is the Quality of the island as a tourism product affected, leading
sensitive areas, creating numerous impacts (e.g. overall environmental stability of the island to decreased market and business interests.
beach erosion, loss of wildlife habitat, decreased
Zoning ecosystem services)
Structures are appropriately sited in allowed zone. Tourist experience maintained at high level. Tourist arrivals maintained.
Impacts are avoided or mitigated

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 Municipality of Malay
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Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
5.1 Framework 1
Rationale: Smart and Self-Sustaining Tourism Development
Framework
The proposed framework strategy will serve as the municipality’s
roadmap to growth and development in the next 10 years. Current
issues on transportation, land conversion, and uncontrolled
development projects take its toll on the progress of Malay,
Aklan. The major aim of the proposed framework is to create
an integrated and holistic development that will regulate the
municipality’s tourism development projects. It will also help
alleviate the disparities between the Mainland and Boracay
Island and provide employment and economic opportunities for
all. The framework also highlights the essential role of agriculture
and tourism as the municipality’s primary means of development
while providing complementary activities that are suitable to the
existing developments and land use of the municipality. Proposed
infrastructure and linkages will create seamless flow of goods and
services not only to Malay, but also to its nearby municipalities and
cities. Furthermore, it will improve the quality of life and standard
of living of its populace as well as bring limitless opportunities to
the Municipality.
Features:
Primary Growth Center and Growth Center Expansion. The
proposed growth center offers multiple services to its populace.
To further enhance the existing urban center, the creation of mixed-
use growth center expansion will serve as a counter magnet to the
existing developments,alleviate the congestion in the Poblacion
area, and serve as a buffer zone between the proposed agri-
tourism area and residential mixed-used development.
University Town. In order to have a globally competitive
municipality, a concept for the university town is proposed, which
will further advance Malay as a knowledge-based economy with
sustainable employment as its aim in the long-term plan.
Agriculture, ICT, and Tourism Research and Development
Center (ARC). Agriculture and Tourism are the major drivers of
the municipality’s economic sector, providing opportunities. On
the other hand, the R&D centercould be a great help to the local
farmers through its investigative research on the variety of high-
yielding crops suitable to the climate and land form of Malay.
Moreover, it will be incharge of the introduction of advanced
agricultural technology that will enhance the yield and production
of local farmers and fishermen. According to the Tourism sector, it
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
will help them maintain its status and sustain it in the long term. The River Parks and Waterfront Development. The rivers in the
rationale behind the ICT R&D center is to prepare the municipality mainland play an essential role in the development of Malay.
for cityhood, becoming a smart and sustainable agropolis. The development of linear parks will help promote healthy activity
and will serve as a buffer in times of river overflow. A developed
waterfront also increases land value.
Food and Sustainable Farming Center. The Municipality can also
adopt one product per district to diversify tourism products in
Disaster Mitigation. Easements and disaster-resilient design
Malay. The establishment of a farmer’s market will help the local
applications should be implemented especially in the areas that
farmers sell their agricultural produce directly to the consumers.
are prone to tsunami and storm surge.
It can also attract traders from other municipalities that patronize
products from the locality.
Waste Management Centers. Each district will have its own waste
management centers with features such as Materials Recovery
Agropolis/Farm Tourism. These areas are the main districts in this
Facilities (MRFs), recycling centers, and organic composts
framework. These will be the production areas that will accelerate
among others.
the economic aspect of the municipality,which will open more
opportunities for additional jobs, tourist attractions, and income.
Heritage Zone. Containing the Motag Living Museum and the Ati
These include the community-based agri-tourism and agri-
Village in Cubay Sur, this zone will set a sense of entry to the
industrial zones that will further help the community generate more
New Urban Center and at the same time will promote the cultural
jobs and to start diversifying crops such that production will not be
heritage of the municipality. This will also be the educational center
limited to onions and corn.
for history and culture.
The proposed agri-industrial zones are strategically located near
the airport and seaport hub for easier access for the logistics for
MAIN OBJECTIVE:
the transportation of goods within and outside of the Municipality. • To weave seamlessly together all the major economic drivers
available
Agri-tourism. The town will provide visitors an escape from the
urban life with an immersive farm experience and educational UNDERLYING OBJECTIVES:
trips. This will provide a greater understanding and appreciation
for the farmers and fishers who provide food for all. • To strengthen the linkages among each districts through
integrated transport system
Modern Agriculture and Aquaculture. Application of advanced
practices will not only increase the land’s productivity but will also • To strengthen community and stakeholders’ capability to
prevent environmental degradation, ensuring bountiful harvests implement and facilitate growth
for future generations.
• To provide even economic growth and opportunities for urban
Post-harvest and support facilities. The plentiful harvest will not and rural areas.
be wasted as various post-harvest and support facilities will be
provided to ensure fast and efficient processing leading to high- • To identify each area’s development potential through
quality products ready for consumption and trade. considering its appropriate land use
Mixed Use Development. Mixed-used development will serve • To strengthen agriculture and tourism industry as the
as a transition zone from the smart urban expansion to the municipality’s primary means of development
secondary urban area to accommodate more residential-
commercial developments that will cater to workers, tourists, and
other residents.
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Framework Strategy
Features Primary growth center, mixed use secondary growth centers, river parks and waterfront development, research and development center, agri-tourism
development, economic zone, food and sustainable farming center, disaster resilient community irrigated farming of major crops, light agro-industrial
development

Advantages - Diversification of economic opportunities per growth center

- Mitigate issues on urban sprawl
- Highest and best use of agricultural lands
- Various tourism developments are tapped based on the areas’ potential
- Increase yields and quality farm products
- Increased and varied employment opportunities

Disadvantages - If not properly implemented and managed, it may result to fragmentation of communities
- Service facilities and amenities are needed to support various rural barangays and communities

Future Implications - Density in existing urban center will be lessened and transferred to the new urban centers
- Enhanced capacity and skill level of locals in rural areas
- Enhanced accessibility to various services
- Improve the locals’ quality of life

Sectoral Impacts
Environment - Preserve the municipality’s forest and biodiversity
- Increase local’s awareness on Environmental Protection
- Promote sustainable development that would generate income to maintain the environment
- Become a resource for natural products

Economy - Improve the municipality’s economic growth

- Provide livelihood opportunities to the local residents

Social - Strengthen cooperation amongst the stakeholders

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Municipality of Malay
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5.3 Framework 2
This framework focuses on strengthening the current use
of agriculture areas and linking other sectors to Agriculture/
Agribusiness, which is the center of development in this framework.
The existing roads are considered and recommended to be linked
to each other to provide easier access, serving as an alternative
to the main road. A multi-modal transport system and interchange
spaces through an Intermodal Transport Terminal will provide
tourists or users the option of an efficient mass transport system.
Features:
Forest Area. Agroforestry includes the Production Forest and
Protection Forest where a wildlife learning center, ecotourism
activities, and a potential renewable energy development will be
located.
Agritourism. This development will be composed of community-
based agriculture (Indigenous Farm Tourism), research, a training
and technology center, high-value and organic farming, and
post-harvest facilities for production process. This aims to sustain
food security and promote the integration between sustainable
tourism and agriculture.
Community-based Agriculture. The application of culture and
heritage of the indigenous people of the island into modern farming
methods will strengthen both agricultural and cultural heritage
Tourism
Farm Tourism. This will introduce innovative farming methods,
provide permaculture classes and integration of permaculture
into the areas (e.g., Kul Kul Farm in Bali provides classes for
permaculture), introduce and provide experiences in indigenous
ways of farming that will highlight the heritage and culture of the
area.
Health and wellness Tourism. This is to enhance and highlight
agriculture/rural landscapes as the centerpiece for tourism rather
than focusing on oceanfronts.This will also provide homestays
and tourism facilities (boutique hotels, B&Bs, etc.) around these
areas (e.g., Ubud, Bali that focuses their tourism on farming and
agriculture) and also create retreat centers that are nature-centric.
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Medical Tourism. This can serve as a refuge or an area for post-
recovery that offers different and innovative medical treatments
while allowing nature to be a contributing factor to healing. This
will not only help in physical recovery, but it can also improve
the person’s mental and emotional well-being through various
activities such as meditation, yoga, and nature therapy.
Heritage and Culture Tourism. This will be an area to showcase
different delicacies and culinary experiences (e.g., production of
crops from the mainland and integration of local cooking, creation
of a brand for culinary tourism that is similar to Modena, Italy where
the icon of cooking is “Mom’s cooking”),aunique experience of
festivals, living museums, an Indigenous People Community, etc.
that will exhibit Heritage and Cultural Architecture and Arts.
Waterfront Tourism. The designated coastal development and
re-zoning of land use classification can optimize the waterfront
and create more value to the lands fronting the water. Measures
could be integrated to promote disaster resiliency and mitigation
for the community (e.g., easements provide protection for disaster
mitigation and public amenities and this could be integrated into
the tourism circuit). This can also give tourists alternative beaches
to visit, not just Boracay Island.
Ecotourism. Minimal infrastructure facilities will be needed for eco-
tourists sites to preserve, protect, and conserve the ecological
balance in the Municipality.
Eco-neighborhood district. There will be an eco-friendly
neighborhood where there will be minimal carbon footprints.
Simple activities that will balance leisure and conservation of the
area will be made available.
University Town. The idea of this development is to encourage
and cultivate future generations, who are going to be the future
workers and users of the development. The idea is to have an
available educational facility and auxiliary developments such
as dormitories and commercial and retail centers that will be
available in the smart city expansion and multi-use development
within the university town. It will also create research centers for
new technologies that can improve the processes in agro-related
activities, which will strengthen the agribusiness and agritourism
sector in the Municipality.
Service Oriented Communities. This area will include socialized
housing that will create neighborhoods with multi-density
housing, including private and socialized housing. These
should be strategically located in the areas easily accessible to
neighborhood communities to cater to the resident’s daily needs
for goods and services. These neighbourhood communities will
create areas for future service-industry population that can foster
their skills and training as well as serve as places to live, work,
play, and worship.
Multi-Use Development. This area is designed to be multi-
functional in order to cater to all the commercial, residential,
and institutional support facilities for other developments. This
will also generate communities that encourage new urbanism:
accessibility to live,work, play, worship, and culture and heritage.
It will encourage residents to stay in the mainland for employment,
which will control the migration of the workforce.
Gateway Center. . This will serve as the entry and exit points for the
airport and seaport hub, wherein hotels and convention centers
will be available to accommodate more tourists, especially in
the Mainland area of Malay. There should also be warehouses
allotted for logistics and light industrial development to add more
income generation in both the Mainland and Boracay Island.stics
and light industrial development to add more income generation
in both Mainland and Boracay Island.
OBJECTIVES:
• To spread growth and development to the other areas of the
town
• To increase interconnectivity between the town’s different
districts
• To increase accessibility by providing additional entry and
exit points and alternative mass transport system
• To further strengthen the town’s agriculture and aquaculture
by adopting modern farming/fishing methods and
technology
• To protect the town’s natural environment through sustainable
development
• To make the town disaster-resilient
• To promote the town’s existing tourism destination and to
develop new attractions
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Framework Strategy

Features Production and protection forest area, agri-tourism, ecotourism, eco-neighborhood district, university town (agri-education), multi-use development,
gateway center

Advantages - Clustered type of development depends on the highest and best use of the
land
- Various tourism developments are trapped based in the areas’ potential
- Increase yields and quality farm products
- Increase employment opportunities
- Increase boutique and commercial farming
- Increase agri-scientists

Disadvantages - If not properly implemented and managed, it may result to fragmentation of

communities
- Service facilities and amenities are needed to support various rural
barangays and communities

Future Implications - Density in existing urban center will be lessened and transferred to the new
urban centers
- Enhanced capacity and skill level of locals in rural areas
- Enhanced accessibility to various services
- Improve the locals’ quality of life

Sectoral Impacts

Environment - Preserve the municipality’s forest and biodiversity

- Increase locals’ awareness on Environmental Protection
- Promote sustainable development that would generate income to maintain the environment
- Become a resource for natural products

Economy - Improve the municipality’s economic growth

- Provide livelihood opportunities to the local residents

Social - Strengthen cooperation amongst the stakeholders

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 Municipality of Malay
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5.4 Framework 3
This framework strategy focuses on the agropolis concept
wherein modernized agriculture will be applied to take the local
agriculture to the next level, to be competitive both locally and
internationally. Development will be done with consideration
for both sustainability and adaptability to ensure long-term
prosperity for future generations. This framework also shows
the different support facilities for tourism development such as
medical tourism, university town, multi-use development and
also a business technology park that will boost the municipality’s
income generation.
Features:
Agropolis. The town will utilize its agricultural lands that will drive
up the economic aspect of the municipality especially in the
mainland area of Malay. There will be production areas that will
cater modern agricultural techniques and technologies in order
to sustain not only within the municipality but its surrounding
developments.
Agri-tourism/Farm Tourism. A way of attracting visitors and tourists
to farm areas for production, educational and recreational
purposes, it will be an interactive experience between the farmers
and tourists who wants to be educated about the process of
farming. This will also supply organic and diversified crops to
serve from low class to high class markets.
Agro-Forestry. This area will serve as an ecotourism zone
wherein low-carbon footprint activities will be available, while
also preserving the forested area in the Mainland and generating
income from it.
Health and Wellness. A medical facility will be allocated in this area
to promote a medical tourism type of development. Its main goal
is to attract tourist to travel and seek treatment and consultations.
University Town. Since there is a need to improve the rate of
manpower in Malay, a university town development will attract
more people to stay in Malay for education and for employment.
The University town is strategically located near the production,
mobilization and industrial areas, while also being far from storm
surge-prone areas.
Gateway center. To further enhance the transport and logistics in
the municipality, a gateway center is designated for an airport
and seaport hub for faster and modern transport infrastructure
from Mainland to Boracay Island and vice versa.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Service-oriented community. This development is intended for
social needs and facilities that the municipality needs such as
housing, training facilities, collaboration spaces, and mixed use
commercial area.
New Urban Center. The current Poblacion will be improved and
enhanced for a multi-use development that will cater mostly to
commercial development in both retail and offices that aims to
expand the urban center in Mainland Malay and also boost the
economic sector for commerce and trade. Transform it into a new
urban center, a gateway from and into Buruanga in order to direct
development growth westward. The Poblacion will be the jumpoff
point for all tourism circuits in the mainland, while at the same time,
other sectors should also be enhanced in order to support the
future demands of tourism industry. Expand educational facilities
and capacity, raise healthcare service level to Level 2 and
accommodate specialty medical facilities like wellness centers or
recovery center for medical tourism development.
Compact and Resilient Housing. A community development for
socialized housing project in Malay Aklan that will cater to 13,500
family units. Its objective is to regulate housing development in
order to prevent problems such as diseases outbreaks, hazard
vulnerability, substandard sanitation facility, etc.
Smart Urban City Expansion. The Proposed smart urban center
aims to be a compact expansion area of the urban center while
decongesting the primary urban growth center. The Institutional
and Commercial area will be readily available for work, study,
and leisure balance.
Bridge Connection (Caticlan-Boracay). This strategy will
accommodate various kinds of transportation: pedestrian,
bicycles, mass rapid transit, service transport and private
vehicles. It will also allow a more efficient and weather-resilient
connection for cargoes and services needed by the island, aside
from increasing the response speed to emergencies. In terms
of tourism, opening of new business and investments on the
mainland will rise. Support facilities will also be relocated in the
mainland, relieving the island from harmful industrial uses.
Forestland and Wetland areas. The minimum built-up development
for eco-tourism on these protected areas applying vernacular
architecture with the use of natural and indigenous materials to
lessen impact to the environment.
Waterfront Tourism. To further preserve the water quality and the
marine ecosystems surrounding Boracay Island, the coasts of the
mainland shall be developed into a waterfront tourism attraction.
Aside from serving as a disaster mitigation measure against storm
surges or tsunamis, it will function as a recreational linear active
park, a safe habitat for both human and wildlife. A section of the
entire strecth of the coast will house the docks for the water sports
vehicles and island hopping sailboats.
Intermodal Transport System. To alleviate the influx of vehicles
along with the arrival of visitors from other towns and provinces,
an Intermodal Transport System shall be implemented to limit
the entry and promote the use of mass rapid transit within the
municipality. The same goes with Boracay Island. This will
significantly decrease air pollution, energy consumption, and
traffic congestion, giving more space for pedestrians to freely
walk around the island.
OBJECTIVES:
• To create mixed-use growth centers that will counter magnet
the development of the existing urban centers
• To strengthen the linkages among each districts through
integrated transport system
• To alleviate disparities between each district and provide
employment and economic opportunities for all
• To strengthen agriculture and tourism industry as the
municipality’s primary means of development and to make
the town self-sustaining
• To incorporate disaster risk reduction and climate change
adaptation measures into the overall planning and design to
safeguard communities and economic developments
• To provide affordable housing opportunities to displaced
families and for those who wish to avail
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Framework Strategy

Features Agroplis, university town, gateway center, service-oriented community, new urban center, compact and resilient housing, smart city expansion, bridge
connetion (Caticlan-Boracay), waterfront development, intermodal transport system, forest conservation

Advantages - Mitigate issues on urban sprawl

- Highest and best use of agricultural lands
- Various tourism developments are tapped based on the areas’ potential
- Increase yields and quality farm products
- Increase employment opportunities
- New infrastructure facilities that will open new and potential opportunity not only in Malay but on its surrounding municipalities
- Controlled traffic conditions
- Disaster risks mitigation

Disadvantages - If not properly implemented and managed, it may result to fragmentation of

communities
- Service facilities and amenities are needed to support various rural
barangays and communities

Future Implications - Density in existing urban center will be lessened and transferred to the new
urban centers
- Enhanced manpower and job capacities
- Enhanced accessibility to various services
- Improve the locals’ quality of life
- Harmony between the rural and urban areas

Sectoral Impacts

Environment - Restore and preserve the municipality’s forest lands and biodiversity
- Increase locals’ awareness on Environmental Protection
- Promote sustainable development that would generate income, at the same time, maintain the environment
- Become a resource for natural products

Economy - Improve the municipality’s economic growth

- Provide livelihood opportunities to the local residents
- Become self-sustainable in terms of agricultural production and yield
- Introduce a new genre of tourism in the context of medicine and wellness

Social - Strengthen cooperation amongst the stakeholders

- Enhance public and private partnership
- Develop residents’ trust to the government

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5.5 Framework 4
This framework strategy aims to maintain the existing land use
patterns and enhance its use to fully utilize its potential, further
contributing to the socio-economic sector of the municipality.
Its objective is to develop and expand each clustered used to
increase the production yield of agriculture, while building up
human resource to supply the manpower needs of both the
Mainland and Boracay Island. One of its objectives is to expand
the development growth westward and enhance the existing
ecotourism sites to accommodate the redirection of the tourism
industry towards sustainable development in Boracay Island and
Mainland Malay.
Framework Features:
Tourism. In order to decentralize and decongest the development
in Boracay Island, this framework aims to introduce Farm Tourism
and Ecotourism as one of the main drivers for development in
Mainland Malay to add potential and explorable tourism areas.
EcoTourism. One of the key steps in transitioning to sustainable
tourism as a way to preserve and conserve an ecotourism site
would be to develop tourism sites in such a way that there will be
less infrastructure needed. Since this is becoming a new trend
nowadays, ecotoursim might be adopted in the municipality for
future source of income, having less impact on the environment.
Agribusiness. In order to increase the yield value in the Municipality,
there should be allotted lands for cultivation or agriculture that
will help them increase the number of their crop production per
annum to sustain the food security within the municipality and
also to export in some city or municipality once achieved.
Farm Tourism. In support of the Agriculture and Tourism industry,
Farm Tourism is one of the strategies to add activity in the
municipality where in, production and leisure activities can be
combined.
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University Town. To sustain the future manpower needs in Malay,
there should be a vocation and skills training center for future
workers within the municipality. The University town is strategically
located near the Poblacion area and is also near the boundary
of the Municipality of Buruanga, serving as a growth magnet to
encourage surrounding municipalities to spend their money in
Malay.
Forest. Production and Protection. The forest protection area will
be conserved and maintained, and the allotted production area is
located near the ecotourism and agritourism areas.
Coastal Walk. This will serve as a linear park and at the same
time, it will serve as a protection or easement from the shoreline.
Service centered Industry. This development will focus on the
workforce facilities needed in the municipality such as housing,
training facilities, collaboration spaces and mixed used
commercial and its amenities.
Gateway center. This will serve as a jump-off area from Caticlan-
Boracay island vice-versa and anywhere else. This airport and
seaport hub will also serve as an industrial development area that
will serve as a place for trade and commerce.
OBJECTIVES:
• To enhance and develop the existing land uses in order to
increase yield in production and services
• To strengthen the linkages among each barangays through
improvement of the road transport corridors and development
of new roads
• To strengthen the service industry to better support the tourism
industry and the influx of developments on the rest of the
municipality
• To expand development growth westward and, at the same
time, enhance the existing eco-tourism sites to accommodate
the redirection of the tourism industry from Boracay island
towards the mainland
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Framework Strategy

Features Agribusiness, farm tourism, ecotourism, forest protection, foerest production, coastal walk, gateway center, service centered industry, development
growth

Advantages - Clustered type of development depends on the highest and best use of the land
- Various tourism developments are trapped based in the areas’ potential
- Increase yields and quality farm products
- Increase employment opportunities

Disadvantages - If not properly implemented and managed, it may result to fragmentation of communities
- Service facilities and amenities are needed to support various rural barangays and communities

Future Implications - Density in existing urban center will be lessened and transferred to the new urban centers
- Enhanced capacity and skill level of locals in rural areas
- Enhanced accessibility to various services
- Improve the locals’ quality of life

Sectoral Impacts

Environment - Preserve the municipality’s forest and biodiversity

- Increase local’s awareness on Environmental Protection
- Promote sustainable development that would generate income to maintain the environment
- Become a resource for natural products

Economy - Improve the municipality’s economic growth

- Provide livelihood opportunities to the local residents

Social - Strengthen cooperation amongst the stakeholders

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 Municipality of Malay
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5.6 Preferred Framework:
Approved Framework: Framework 3
The approved scheme reinforces fourteen (14) features that
identify generalized strengths for the whole municipality, as well
as prioritize an inward and outward direction of growth from
the identified development clusters. This framework strategy
focuses on agropolis concept wherein modernized agriculture
will be applied to achieve self-sustainability and increase
competitiveness both locally and internationally. Developments
will be done with consideration for adaptability to ensure long-term
prosperity for future generations to come. This framework also
shows the different support facilities for tourism development such
as medical tourism, university town, multi-use development and
also a business technology park that will boost the municipality’s
income generation.
The focus on Mainland Malay will be on the establishment of an
Agropolis - a combination of agriculture and tourism development
that will also include commercial, residential, institutional and
industrial uses. Special attention will be given for the expansion of
their urban center and post-harvest facilities for modernizing their
agricultural crops which will add value to their produce. Existing
barangay settlements in the cluster will prioritize urban design
and accessibility improvements such as pedestrian walkway
beautification, addition of landscaping ornamentations and trees,
provision of bike lanes, benches, and rest areas; Enhancement of
existing developments as opposed to developing the expansion
of the urban center.
As per the long term plan for this framework, a University town
concept will be applied considering the need for improving the
manpower resources in Malay. A university town development will
attract more people to stay in Malay for education and for job
opportunities. The University town is strategically located near the
production, mobilization and industrial areas and also far from
storm surge hazard-prone areas.
A New Urban Center, where the current Poblacion is, will be
improved and enhanced for a multi-use development that
will cater to mostly commercial development in both retail and
offices. It will aim to expand the existing urban center in Mainland
Malay and also boost the economic sector for commerce and
trade. It will be transformed into a new urban center, a gateway
from and into Buruanga in order to direct development growth
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westward. Poblacion will be the jumpoff point of all tourism circuits 7. Service-oriented communities
in the mainland at the same time, other sectors should also be 8. New urban center
enhanced in order to support the future demands of the tourism 9. Compact and resilient communities
industry. Framework 3 also aims to expand educational facilities 10. Smart urban city expansion
and capacity, raise healthcare service level to Level 2 and 11. Bridge connection
accommodate specialty medical facilities like wellness centers or 12. Preservation of forestlands and wetlands
recovery center for medical tourism development. 13. Waterfront Tourism
14. Intermodal Transport System
Accessibility and proposed circulation networks for this scheme
are still for further studies. Bridge Connection (Caticlan-Boracay) is The framework also reflects the municipality’s current
a strategy that will accommodate various kinds of transportation: Comprehensive Land Use Plan’s Tourism Renewal Infrastructure
walking pedestrian, bicycles, mass rapid transit, service transport Projects (TRIP). Detailed conceptual plans and design schemes
and private vehicles. are presented on Chapter 6.
The waterfront development will open new opportunities for
economic developments and investments in the municipality.
Aside from mitigating the effects of possible storm surges and
tsunamis to the coastal areas and barangays, it will serve as the
new venue for the water sports activities. It will also be the new
ground for starting up a healthy lifestyle for the residents of Malay
because it will contain active linear parks and other recreational
areas. Community centers will also be planned every 800 meters.
These nodes will house basic community services and will serve
as a temporary shelter in times of disasters.
To solve the issues in traffic, Intermodal transport system shall be
recommended. In this kind of system, intermodal transit stations
will be built on entry/exit points of the municipality and they shall
control the entry of vehicles, especially private use. Visitors will
be encouraged to park and leave their cars and take the public
transport within the town instead. It is a win-win situation since it will
bear positive environmental impacts and will generate income at
the same time.
To summarize, the tourism master plan framework will contain the
following features:
1. Agropolis
2. Agri-tourism/Farm Tourism
3. Agro-forestry
4. Health and wellness
5. University Town
6. Gateway center
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Framework Strategy

Features Agroplis, University town, Gateway Center, Service-oriented community, New Urban Center, Compact and Resilient Communities, Smart Urban City
expansion, Bridge connetion (Caticlan-Boracay), Waterfront Development, Intermodal Transport System, environmental conservation

Advantages - Mitigate issues on urban sprawl

- Highest and best use of agricultural lands
- Various tourism developments are tapped based on the areas’ potential
- Increase yields and quality farm products
- Increase employment opportunities
- New infrastructure facilities that will open new and potential opportunity not only in Malay but on its surrounding municipalities
- Controlled traffic conditions
- Disaster risks mitigation

Disadvantages - If not properly implemented and managed, it may result to fragmentation of

communities
- Service facilities and amenities are needed to support various rural
barangays and communities

Future Implications - Density in existing urban center will be lessened and transferred to the new
urban centers
- Enhanced manpower and job capacities
- Enhanced accessibility to various services
- Improve the locals’ quality of life
- Harmony between the rural and urban areas

Sectoral Impacts

Environment - Restore and preserve the municipality’s forest lands and biodiversity
- Increase locals’ awareness on Environmental Protection
- Promote sustainable development that would generate income, at the same time, maintain the environment
- Become a resource for natural products

Economy - Improve the municipality’s economic growth

- Provide livelihood opportunities to the local residents
- Become self-sustainable in terms of agricultural production and yield
- Introduce a new genre of tourism in the context of medicine and wellness

Social - Strengthen cooperation amongst the stakeholders

- Enhance public and private partnership
- Develop residents’ trust to the government
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6.1 TOURISM CIRCUITS
1. Within Boracay The big wetland near D’Mall that used to be the dead forest can actually be made into park that will
also dissipate the tourists and ease the traffic in the area. An elevated park that shall also serve as
Majority of the visitors to the Municipality of Malay exclusively stay in Boracay Island mainly due to wide footpaths can be built over the wetland. Said elevated park will not create environmental threat to
the limited time they have and to fully enjoy their short amount of time for vacation and recreation. The the wetland and it should enhance the built-up environment of that dense section of Boracay Island.
said market would most likely include those who have up to only 3 days of stay in the area. People NO commercial unit should be allowed on the park to keep its integrity as an open space.
tend to stay in hotels, resort facilities or the major beach areas and participate in various recreation
options that include the following: The municipality of Malay can also establish museums or special interest spots that should cultivate
the interest of the visitors any day of the year. Some ideas that will definitely attract large numbers of
• Swimming curious tourists would include:
• Beach Combing
• Stand Up Paddling • A house made up of recycled materials from Boracay waste (e.g. water bottles)
• Snorkeling • An Ati Model House (construction can be funded by the LGU and would serve as a livelihood
• Boating option for the island Atis as an LGU’s way of assisting the community).
• Beach-hopping • An open space that will serve as a public park – should be well-landscaped and maintained.
• Boat Sailing With the diminishing open spaces in the island, this spot can actually become a prized visitor site for
• Helmet Diving many tourists who would appreciate a break for more green spaces. Said spot can also become a
• Scuba Diving community congregation area with pop-up kiosks (strictly pop-up and non-permanent) to create a
• Snorkeling more festive environment.
• ATV Driving
• Zorb Balls
• Kite Surfing 2. Boracay + Mainland
• Windsurfing
• Parasailing Boracay visitors who have more than 3 days of available time or those on repeat visits would have
• Banana Boating the opportunity to visit other attractions outside the island. These types of tourists may want to allot half
• Spa Services or even a full day to discover other interesting destinations that cannot be found in Boracay Island.
Each activity usually takes an hour or up to half a day of a visitor’s time, which would allow them to The challenge in marketing and maintaining tourist sites outside of Boracay Island would be convincing
participate in three or more options while in the island. The rest of a visitor’s stay would be spent for the tourists to take out one precious day of their travel to Boracay and allot said time for other sites.
lounging, resting, dining shopping and visiting other parts of the island. There is a need to create a good amount of improvement to the mainland tourist sites to make them
compelling enough to pull the tourists, specially those on their first visit from Boracay Island.
There is, however, the high possibility that the increasing number of visitors would result in congestion
caused by both tourists and service providers which would then lead to accidents, lowered tourist
satisfaction and eventual visitor decline.

Non-beach Activities
Should the remaining forests and rescued wetlands be protected and maintained in their natural
state, they can become interesting enhancements or attractions that will cater to a number of tourists
looking for other places to visit within the island. The lowland forests can have trails that will have to be
maintained and guiding elements (posts, lights, signages) set up to help the people navigate through
the vegetation. Specialized guides who are able to talk about the natural environment, the ecosystem
roles of the forests and wetlands as well as other topics such as the bird population in the island can
be trained in order to generate interest in ecotourism sites in Malay.

To promote transparency and public awareness, the DENR’s water quality monitoring station can
actually be turned into an attraction wherein visitors are encouraged and welcomed by the institution
to visit the facility in order to understand and appreciate the conservation efforts being done on the
island.

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Possible Itineraries The travel itinerary scenario would greatly change in the long term if the proposed bridge is instituted
in the Municipality. It would easily provide an opportunity for the tourists to make quick visits to easily
Option 1: accessible destinations in the mainland, which should then increase the number of tourists visiting
other attractions aside from Boracay Island. It will also provide greater opportunities to the mainland
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Malay communities by allowing them to be directly involved in the tourism industry.
Arrive in Boracay Mainland Excursion Boracay Island Depart for origin (e.g.
Island Manila or foreign city) 3. Mainland

Stay in Boracay Island Nagata Falls & Nab- Boracay Island and
Tourists visiting the Municipality of Malay exclusively for attractions that are outside of Boracay
aoy River various activities
Island comprise the smallest market size for the Municipality. Visitors include those who have visited
Boracay Island in the past or those who travel for a specific objective (e.g. pasyal aral). In order to
Option to add one of Ati Village
continue cultivating this market, the attractions must be appropriately and attractively developed to
the following:
entice people to visit the sites.
Pangihan Cave
Motag Living Museum
Possible Itineraries
Agnaga Mini Falls and
Cold Spring Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
Ati Village
Malay Ecopark
*** Arrive in Malay
Single Destination with Check-in at a mainland hotel or Depart for Origin (Philippines or
Boracay Excursion
on added destination resort foreign city)
– Naasug Point/Beach

Visit any of the attractions in the

Option 2: mainland.
Naasug as possible alternative
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 If road access to Naasug is still to Boracay as excursion
difficult, will not be part of the Day 1 destination
Arrive in Boracay Boracay Island Mainland Excursion Depart for origin (e.g. itinerary
Island Manila or foreign city)
Stay in Boracay Island Boracay Island and Nagata Falls & Nab-
various activities aoy River
3. “The Complete Experience” Circuit
Ati Village Option to add one of
An all-inclusive tourism circuit that incorporates all the attractions in the Island and the Mainland
the following:
would not be feasible due to the realities of tourism. These include the limited time of visit of the tourists
Pangihan Cave
combined with product-market matching wherein specific market segments would only be interested
Motag Living Museum
to visit attractions that cater to their interests. Resources may unnecessarily be utilized to try to come
Agnaga Mini Falls and
up with programs and marketing efforts to make the tourists go thru all the attractions.
Cold Spring
Ati Village
The circuits formulated herein are deemed to be the most practical modules that could attract the right
Malay Ecopark
market segment to the corresponding attractions. Thereby, optimizing the limited resources that would
***
have to be utilized for marketing.
Single Destination with
on added destination
– Naasug Point/Beach

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6.2 Tourism Renewal Infrastructure Project (TRIP) Components
The local government of the Municipality of Malay provided in their Comprehensive Land Use Plan the following TRIP as part of their priority programs and projects:
1. Boracay Tourism Renewal Plan
2. Bridge Connecting Boracay and Mainland Malay
3. Opening and Construction of New Arterial and Connector Roads
4. Development and Reclamation Project / Construction of Beach Erosion Protection cum Recreation Area Project (Harbor City)
5. Development and Construction of Housing Projects
6. Development and Construction of Malay Commercial and Transport Terminal Complex
7. Rehabilitation of Boracay Circumferential and other Access Roads
8. Rehabilitation and Expansion of Boracay Sewerage and Drainage System
9. Comprehensive Drainage and Sewerage System Master Development Plan for Boracay Island and the Mainland
10. Development of Tambisaan and Bel-at Municipal Tourist Docking Area
6.2.1 Boracay Tourism Renewal Plan
Tourism in Malay, specifically Boracay Island, has been thriving
throughout the years. It has been creating opportunities for the
whole country, especially its locals. The number of hotels and
other establishments in the Island are continuously increasing
as a result of the large number of both foreign and local tourists
coming to Boracay. However, despite the boom of commercial
establishments, this has come at the expense of environmental
degradation, which may drive tourists away. To reconcile
environmental preservation with development, there is a need for
the local government to intervene through the strict implementation
of the laws and ordinances of both national and local
governments. The development of infrastructure will require a long
term goal which will take into consideration the Island’s identified
maximum capacity and the necessary measures that need to
be taken to accommodate future developments sufficiently. The
existing infrastructure for drainage, sewerage, road network, and
road transport corridor access, including egress, ingress, and
setbacks will observe the recommended standards of the law.
furtherdevelopment of coastal and beach areas is debatable, as
its positive and negative impacts on the environment are being
considered.
The Boracay renewal/rehabilitation plan is designed to address
the ongoing trend in development that has been disturbing the
industry and the general population, as it compromises the
environment, leading to the degradation of the site’s integrity.
This focus on environmental preservation also ensures the site’s
sustainability, benefiting local stakeholders in the process.
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6.2.1.1 Environmental Integrity
The preservation of Boracay’s environmental integrity remains a top
priority, as it is the island’s image as a clean and unique beach which
attracts tourists to visit. Therefore, the following environmental issues
must be addressed:
A. Beach Setback
The established beach setback of 25+5 meters shall be maintained
in all shorefronts of Boracay Island. All artificial interventions such as
solid and vegetation fencing shall be removed; together with property
markers set up in the beach areas (such as bamboo stakes). Only
natural vegetation shall be allowed to be maintained in the setback
zone. Artificial vegetation designed to prevent public access shall be
dismantled.
B. Beach Path
The existing beach paths shall be extended by at least five (5) meters
seaward where applicable. This is to improve tourist movement, prevent
congestion, and improve their site experience. The Tambisaan and Bel-
at Tourist Docking Areas will also be developed. No establishment shall
be allowed to set up any table or control instrument that would prevent
people from freely utilizing these paths. Ambulant services shall not be
allowed within the path.
C. Built-up and Open Areas
Open and protected areas shall be free from any privately-owned
structures. No business establishment shall be allowed in the diminishing
protected and open spaces within the Island.
6.2.2.2 Access and Circulation
Access to Boracay Island remains solely by boat service. In the near
future, however, access service will have to be drastically improved in
order to cater to the growing demand of the number of visitors to the
island. Boat capacity will have to be increased which would require
a change in the types of boat providing the commuter service to the
island. Moreover, it is necessary to diversify the transport facilities in the
municipality to ensure an efficient and rapid transfer of passengers,
goods and services, as well as to enhance the overall experience of
the visitors.
The following recommendations aim to provide options to improve the
access and circulation within and outside the municipality.
A. Access Modes
1. Cable Car
To address the issue of connectivity in the medium-run, a cable car
system from the mainland of Malay to Boracay Island is recommended.
However, the stakeholders must remember that this system is not a
replacement for the commuter boat service for the island. Rather, this
system is designed as a supplementary mode of transportation to
cater to the increasing number of visitors to Boracay. The ports in both
the mainland and Boracay can only accommodate a certain number
of boats before unwanted congestion and bad tourist experience
becomes prevalent. The presence of a cable car system would also
ensure continuous access to the Island for emergency purposes (e.g.
cancellation of boat service due to strong waves).
The cable car shall not only service access to the island. It shall also
act as a support system for the mass transport within the island. Road
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development is highly limited and even land-based mass transport
system will suffer saturation with the continuous growth of tourist arrivals.
The advantage of this system is that it will only require small land areas
that will serve as stations for its passengers.
2. Bridge
As a long-term development option, a bridge connecting the mainland
and Boracay Island is recommended. Economically speaking, the
tourism receipts of several hundred billion pesos per year would justify
the building of the bridge for access purposes. Other benefits that must
be recognized by the stakeholders are the following:
B. Circulation
1. Mass Rapid Transport
Tourist movement within the Island shall largely be facilitated by mass
transport system. However, the system can only work if it is reliable,
comfortable and safe.
2. Electric Vehicles
Aside from air pollution, oil discharge is also a threat from the thousands
of vehicles plying the roads of Boracay. All tourist transport vehicles
shall be replaced by electric vehicles during the medium term following
the approval of this plan.
of time spent in the water, exploring the Island, and staying in a facility.
In which case, estimated percentages shall be attributed:
Beach Stay – 30%
Swimming - 20%
Exploring other Parts of the island – 30%
Inside Facilities – 20%
These can change as soon as actual studies are done to determine
the exact figures. The carrying capacities that will be culled will give an
idea on the number of people that can stay and fully enjoy the island
as a tourism product.

• Ease of access of workers to the island, making them easily decide to
live in the mainland and ease habitation pressure on the island.
•Access to essential non-tourism services would be easier which would
pave the way for the establishment of more businesses in the mainland
• Tourism investment would be redirected to the mainland as tourists
would have a much easier time to visit the island
• The overall tourism growth would be supported by the mainland
facilities and services thereby protecting the economic and tourism
industry gains brought about by Boracay Island
• Human pressure due to the number of tourists staying at least one
night in the island would be significantly lessened as a good number of
tourists would be billeted in the mainland and remain as day visitors to
Boracay (e.g. water requirements and sewer loading will be significantly
lowered)
• Transport of solid waste to the mainland will be greatly improved
• Land vehicles cannot travel within the island. The tourists will have to
utilize mass transport system upon crossing into the island.
Conducting a feasibility study and other relevant studies prior to the White Beach Carrying Capacity
implementation of the projects is very essential. This will determine Length – 4,000 meters
whether the proposed projects are viable as well as technically and Beach Area Width (setback less 10 meters) – 20 meters
financially feasible. Furthermore, this will foresee the possible constraints Total Area – 80,000 square meters
and challenges that may arise during the entire duration of the project. Carrying Capacity – 5,333 persons on the beach
Peak Hours beach is usually filled – 4 hours (2:00 – 6:00 P.M.)
Average stay of tourist – 2 hours
6.2.1.3 Road Transport Corridor Rotation Coefficient – 2
Number of tourists allowed during the peak hours – 10,666
The road system shall be greatly improved to ensure the ease of travel
and quality of experience of both the tourists and the local population. Bulabog Beach Carrying Capacity
Road widths should be properly assigned in order to minimally allow
Length – 2,000 meters
unimpeded flow of mass transport units in the main road and other
Beach Area Width (setback less 10 meters) – 20 meters
vehicle units not serviced by mass transport.
Total Area – 40,000 square meters
6.2.1.4 Solid Waste Management Carrying Capacity – 2,666 persons on the beach
Peak Hours beach is usually filled – 4 hours (2:00 – 6:00 P.M.)
An on-source waste management and segregation system shall be Average stay of tourist – 2 hours
implemented in Boracay Island to reduce total waste processing and Rotation Coefficient – 2
promote waste awareness and production. The local government of
Number of tourists allowed during the peak hours – 5,333
Malay has committed to heavily invest in compact haulers that will
Total Allowed Tourists on the 2 beaches during peak hours – 15,999 -
regularly collect segregated wastes around the island. Appropriate
16,000
facilities shall be located around the Island and treatment against
vectors, leachate, and odor must be religiously implemented.
Table 6.1 Total Visitors that the Island can accommodate during peak hours

• A roundabout or rotunda should be located at the end of the bridge
(Boracay side) which will serve as a drop-off point. Vehicles should turn
around immediately after drop-off.
Boat services will definitely be affected by the presence of the bridge.
However, boat services will not totally disappear as boat access may
still be required or allowed for tourist activities in Boracay. Also, many
foreign tourists are looking forward to the experience of riding a sea craft.
6.2.1.5 Carrying Capacity and Visitor Flow Management BEACH SWIMMING EXPLORING INSIDE TOTAL
(30%) (20%) (30%) FACILITIES
Using the Boullon Model for establishing the carrying capacity, the
(20%)
beach areas shall be used as the limiting factors. The standard for
visitor area for a medium density beach is 15 sqm per tourist. The four- 16,000 10,666 16,000 10,666 53,332
kilometer white sand beach and the two-km Bulabog Beach shall be the
basis for establishing the accumulated carrying capacity of the Island.
Other beach areas will not be included yet in determining the carrying With a total of P1.946 million annual income and arrivals of 2 million
capacity due to their small areas. No studies on tourist movements annual visitors, Boracay Island is nearing the vicinity of saturation with
have been done to exactly determine the average length of stay of a regards to its carrying capacity. Again, the benchmarks used were
person on the beach. The basis would be the usual stay of a person in based on assigned numbers due to the absence of any concrete
most beach areas, which is two (2) hours. This is aside from the length studies where the carrying capacity can be anchored on. The figure

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generated in this estimate is only meant to provide an idea of the
possible carrying capacity of the island and when it could possibly
reach its saturation point.
The carrying capacity of 53,332 can actually be utilized as the entire
island’s carrying capacity given that the White Beach and Bulabog
Beach serve as the limiting factors of the island. Meaning, no matter
where the visitor stays, he or she will make it a point to go to both or
either one of the beach areas. They serve as the natural funnels where
people congregate, becoming the focal point in resolving whether the
island has reached its carrying capacity or not. No matter how scarce
or dense the development of other parts of the island, it will always
be the two beach areas that will dictate whether the environmental or
visitor experience quality have been maintained or degraded. All other
capacity studies, whether in facilities or infrastructure development,
would thus have to be anchored on the limiting factors of the island
which are the White Beach and the Bulabog Beach.
6.2.1.6 Institutional Development
The local government of Malay must initiate numerous reforms in order
to catch up to the demands of Boracay Island’s growing population
while ensuring that its quality will not be degraded. There should be
no let-up or exemptions in enforcing ordinances designed to protect
the land. It is further recommended that LGU projects located within the
setback zone be torn down and relocated in a more appropriate place.
All the beachfront properties are now under private control. However, it
should not deter government institutions such as the local government to
provide the necessary social and safety services within the reach of the
public. Thus, it is recommended that private beachfront properties be
compelled to allocate spaces for institutional and social services such
as life guard stations, tourist assistance and other necessary services.
Space is highly limited in the congregation areas and the only way to
effectively manage the site is for the private establishments to share a
portion of their space. Each beachfront property shall be obliged to
allocate 10-20 square meters of space for social and safety services.
Non-compliance may be considered as grounds for non-renewal of
business license.
6.2.1.7 Software Development
A. Communication Program
prominently-displayed, and individuals will be encouraged to report
illegal fare systems. Non-compliant establishments will be warned and
the public will be encouraged to report them. The LGU must ensure
that every report will immediately be acted upon to gain the trust and
confidence of the population of the island.
B. Digital Island
Another effective way to seamlessly manage a small island is to go
fully digital. Telecommunications are already present in the Island
and programs can be easily integrated into the telecommunications’
systems. Some of the improvements that can be achieved by going full
digital are the following:
• Each tourist may be issued a smart card or download an application
(app) for the “digital island”
• Payments (e.g. environmental fee, terminal fee) can be prepaid
and barcodes or QR codes can be scanned, allowing ease of visitor
processing
• Every vehicle will be equipped with GPS device to effective monitor
transport availability
• Transactions can also be made possible with the private companies
• Should a mass transport system be made available, a smart card or
app can be utilized for transportation fare system.
6.2.1.7 Boracay Public Cemetery
Cemeteries hold great significance to the community. It is not only a
place for their departed family members and friends but also a place
of memorial where people provide respects to their loved ones through
various ritual events.
The municipality’s existing public cemetery located in Barangay
Balabag is deemed by the Malay LGU to be an eyesore to the visitors
of the island. The local officials propose that it should be relocated in
Mt. Luho, strictly under the review and evaluation of the DENR as it is
congested and lacking maintenance.
and history. Some of the notable cemeteries in the world that practice
this kind of tourism are Lauren Hill in Philadelphia, Michigan Memorial
Cemetery, and Los Angeles Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
In order to preserve the cemetery’s impact to the community of Barangay
Balagbag as well as create development that will coincide with the site’s
classification as tourism zone. It is necessary to enhance the landscape
elements of the place, drainage and architecture. Moreover, it is also
important to consider the design standards and guidelines for memorial
parks/cemeteries in the Philippine laws particularly the Sanitation Code,
water code, national building code and other important laws, clearances
and ordinances.
6.2.1.8 Land Classification and Ownership
Currently, there is conflict between the residents who claim to own lands
in Boracay and the national government and its national policies that
govern over these lands. Addition to this issue, the DENR cannot provide
an updated Land Classification Map that support the bills that declared
Boracay Island as a Tourism Zone with protected forest lands.
Given the highly significant national laws that seem to contradict the
ownership and control of Boracay Island and its parts, it would be
surmised that the final solution would have to be settled with the
national government agencies and the judiciary to finally settle once
and for all the clear legal mantles in actually owning or utilizing
parcels of lands in Boracay. In this regard, it is recommend that the
local government of Malay, together with the provincial body and the
congressional representative to make representation with the executive
and congressional bodies to come up with a unifying, possibly special
law to establish the control and management of Boracay Island, without
detriment to its legally and historically established stakeholders.

One of the keys for effective site management is communication.

According to Crowther (2015), “cemeteries are the first parks that
Billboards and signages are the most commonly used tools to influence
provide the public with beautiful outdoor gathering spaces during a
the behavior of the target population. Proper guidelines should be
time when parks were still on the horizon of city planning.” Similarly,
outlined in putting up these communication tools to avoid visual pollution.
a study conducted by Peesek (2015), highlights city cemeteries as
Aside from information signages, the LGU shall also set up signages
cultural attractions. Now a days, cemetery tourism has been becoming
in designated areas designed to make the target firms and individuals
increasingly popular because of its scenery, architectural significance
follow standards and rules. Signages that depict tricycle fares shall be

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6.2.2 Boracay-Mainland Bridge Connection

Figure 6-1. Boracay-Mainland Bridge Connection

Regulated Boracay Bridge in Barangay Manocmanoc on the southern part of Boracay Island is the nearest site that can accommodate the
proposed bridge. Manocmanoc has two existing ports: the Tambisaan Port and Cagban Jetty Port. The Channel in the Tabon Strait has tidal currents
of considerable strength. Its estimated depth is about 60 meters, measured from the high-water level and the ocean bed. In consideration to the
navigational requirement, around 70 meters free board height of the bridge should be adopted so as not to obstruct the flow of boats. Due to the
strong water current, two main pylon designs are necessary to withstand the pressure. A detailed study on the water behavior and condition during
extreme weather shall be analyzed to come up with realistic design. At the moment without considering the ocean water factor of the Tabon Strait,
a 500 to 600-meter distance between the two main pylons will be used as the basis for the conceptual design. A maximum of 200-meter Pylon
measured from the ocean bed shall be considered and using the suspended type cable to hold the bridge deck slab. Secondary Pylon will be used
at interval of 100 - 200 meters to complete the estimated 1,600 meters bridge length to attain the minimum slope and height of the bridge from the
ground at the approach of the bridge to the maximum design height at the main pylon level. It is recommended that a detailed study of the ocean
current, and its behavior and condition during extreme weather, shall be established to be able to provide a realistic design and obtain data that will
support the recommendations.

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6.2.3 Opening and Construction of New Arterial
and Connector Roads
A. New Arterial Road
New roads for Boracay Island will lessen traffic. However, creating them
will be difficult given the current buildup of developments. Expropriation
is a tedious and long process, considering that most of the lands are
owned by individuals.
B. New Connector Roads
New connector roads within the Malay mainland will connect all future
developments and bring goods to the market. New connector roads
must be at least 30 meters wide to accommodate better road design,
incorporating sidewalks, bicycle lanes, planting strips, and utilities
on the road transport corridor. For Boracay, the existing connector or
access roads to the beach areas shall be improved where applicable,
removing all obstructions to allow free flow of traffic from pedestrians
and emergency vehicles.
6.2.4 Development and Construction of Housing
Projects
There is a need for housing projects that will accommodate future
requirements due to the increasing number of developments and
tourists that visit for business and leisure, as well as the demand
for local residents and workers at the mainland of Malay. Boracay
Island’s design will be in consideration of the proposed Land Use
Master Plan. Housing units shall be constructed at the mainland is
that residential facilities will not interfere or add to the already jam-
packed buildable areas in Boracay Island. The need for housing
will be developed alongside the projected needs.
Devoted housing units developments are incorporated within the
overall framework of the master plan. Specifically, the conceptual
master plan of the Malay Commercial and Transport Complex
have parcels of land for residential development.
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6.2.5 Development and Construction of Malay
Commercial and Transport Complex
The mainland of Malay needs to have a common terminal that will
accommodate the volume of vehicles and tourists going to Boracay
and other destinations within the whole Panay Island. Stations going
to Boracay shall be separated from the stations going to other
destinations. Stations that will be developed should adapt to the current
situation as well as prepare room for expansion for the next 25 years.
A central terminal to the mainland Caticlan will be developed to avoid
the congestion of vehicles and to accommodate the volume of tourists
going to Boracay Island. In consideration of the 2 million tourists going
to Boracay, and aside from the local residents and business operators,
the terminal will be designed to serve 30% of the volume capacity of the
island spread over 24 hours duration. Around 1.5 million tourists over 24
hours shall translate to at least 42,000 people per hour or about 1,000
buses per hour or a bus holding capacity of 300 buses, plus area for
the private vehicles. A main complex will serve boarding and embarking
passengers with a capacity of at least 50 buses at any given time. On
the other hand, establishing a common transport terminal in Boracay
Island will eliminate the need for transport vehicles to be parked along
the main roads waiting for passengers. A common transit stop at
designated locations will provide a more pleasant environment and will
ease traffic flow. Tourists shall be encouraged to walk to the stations
since the loading of passengers along the side of the roads will be
restricted. The current condition of traffic in Boracay necessitates a total
overhaul and educating/disciplining the drivers should be implemented.
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6.2.6 Water Front Development
A walkable and bikeable esplanade constructed over stilts is
recommended so that the natural condition and water current will not
be affected. Regarding the beach erosion protection/sea wall/wave
breaker, a marine ecological survey must be initially done before any
solid proposals can be implemented. There are many natural and
engineering solutions but further studies need to be conducted.

Reclamation is not the first and only solution but if land needs to be
reclaimed, it needs to be offshore. If pursued, it is suggested that the
potential reclamation site will be in some parts of Barangay Sambiray
and Caticlan only. Furthermore, a canal or waterway must be maintained Figure 6-3. Tetrapods Are Man-Made Concrete Structures That Prevent Coastal Erosion
between the original coast of the mainland and the reclaimed land to Sources: http://www.cassagnolcomposites.com/construction/
https://shivaji2016.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/michael_oleary_3_l.jpg
avoid flooding.

Soil stabilization and erosion protection shall be installed. The natural

habitat and the man made natural features of the soil stabilization shall
be designed to complement each other to create a natural physical,
biological process. The nature-based features shall be created by
engineering and construction to mimic nature. Structural measures shall
include natural breakwaters and shoreline protection against erosion.
These feature a combination of natural habitat to manmade structures,
reducing coastal risks by decreasing the erosion along shoreline
damages caused by strong waves and flooding. These natural
features shall be implemented together with each one, depending on
the space available and high water levels. Using natural barriers entails
the restoration of mangrove forests on the coastal areas of Malay.

The solutions throughout the stretch of the coast may vary depending
on the need of the areas. Some parts will have to be built with wave Figure 6-2. Actual Condition of The Shoreline Along Mainland Malay
Figure 6-4. Mangrove Forest
breakers or sea wall while some parts have to be preserved as it is. The Sources: https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Key_West/wildlife_and_habitat/mangroveforests/
restoration of the mangrove forests will play a great deal to the waterfront
development. Aside from its disasater mitigation features, it can add to
the tourism and recreational value of the municipality. Boardwalks on
stilts can be installed along these mangrove forests or open beaches to
keep the continuity of the waterfront development.

Enforcing the coastal easement is also vital to the full attainment of this
disaster-mitigating tourism infrastructure development. Significantly, the
government and its people shall work together towards their common
vision.

Figure 6-5: Seawall Construction In Florida

Sources: http://nchsbands.info/new/seawall-construction.html

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6.2.7 Rehabilitation of Boracay (and Mainland)
Circumferential and other Access Roads
All existing roads in mainland Malay shall be re-developed to anticipate
future demands. A 20-meter road transport corridor for barangay roads
and 30-meter road transport corridor for main roads is recommended.
Developments and construction shall be limited or restricted to obtain
the setbacks needed. The building official shall strictly enforce the
implementation of setbacks by requiring all construction projects to
have secured permits prior to the start of construction. Conducting of
regular inspections, as well as stopping illegal construction, will prepare
all the developments to follow the master plan of the whole Malay town.
For Boracay, existing roads should be cleared of all the obstructions
and implement the minimum required 30 meters RROW along the main
road and 20 meters secondary roads. Whichever will be applied, the
road transport corridor should include the space for drainage and
pathways for pedestrians and bicycles at the very least. Planting strips
may be provided on areas where space is sufficient. Otherwise, green
walls or roofs will be proposed. Drop off areas shall also be designed
to accommodate the free flow of traffic.
6.2.7.1 Improvement of the National Road from Caticlan to Buruanga
with provision of sidewalk and drainage system
Roads shall be cleared of all obstructions. Drainage systems shall
be redesigned to accommodate the surface run-off from storm
and the drainage coming from establishments (present and future
developments). Closed drainage should be provided such as the
concrete channels and reinforced concrete pipes (RCP) with manholes
at design intervals (usually every property boundaries) to accommodate
the tapping of residential and commercial establishments. National
roads shall be at least 30 meters wide and the establishments along
the sides of the right of way shall adopt a regulated minimum setback
of at least three (3) meters.
6.2.7.2 Improvement of roads to interior barangays (Argao-Napaan, Motag-
Nabaoy, DumlogKabulihan, Dumlog – Naasog, Poblacion – Naasog)
Interior barangay roads are very narrow and require improvements
to accommodate the drainage and sidewalk. These interior roads
shall also be provided with side slopes protection especially on the
uphill areas and riversides. Drainage on the upper side of the road
on mountain areas shall be provided to catch surface run-off and to
avoid damaging the roads. Manholes at designated locations and
road crossings shall be provided to convey the collected water to the
nearest outfall.
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Figure 6.6. Erosion on Side of Road Due to Lack of Drainage
Figure 6.7. Actual Photos of Roadway and Ongoing Drainage Construction in Malay Mainland
(along the main road)
6.2.7.3 Improvement and concreting of road from Caticlan Airport to
Sitio Bacolod-Malamig
The improvement of the National Road from Caticlan airport to Sitio
Bacolod will include provisions for the sidewalk and drainage system.
Roads shall be cleared of all obstructions. Drainage shall be redesigned
to accommodate the surface run-off from storm and drainage coming
from establishments (present and future developments). Closed
drainage shall be provided such as the concrete channels and reinforced
concrete pipes (RCP) with manholes at design intervals (usually every
property boundary) to accommodate the tapping of residential and
commercial establishments (present and future developments). The
establishments along the road transport corridor sides shall adopt a
regulated minimum setback of at least three meters inward from the
property line.
6.2.7.4 Establish a right of way for underground wirings for utilities
(power and telecommunication)
One of the options to remove the visual pollution stemming from the
overhead poles and cables in Malay, especially in Boracay Island,
is to incorporate them underground along the road transport corridor.
This should be designed to not interfere with each other. Drainage
and electrical lines shall be installed below the sidewalks located on
each side. Sewer mainlines shall be placed or installed nearest to the
sidewalk if it cannot be accommodated beside the drainage. Sewer and
drainage shall be provided with manholes every property boundary to
avoid damaging the roads and concrete sidewalks during installation
and tapping of establishments in the future. Utility corridors should be
sufficiently sized to anticipate future developments.
Power and telecommunication lines shall be installed and designed
with sufficient spare conduits to anticipate the demands of future
developments. Manholes shall be sufficiently sized and installed
at property boundaries. Underground utility lines shall be installed
simultaneous with the proposed redevelopment of the island, especially
along the main roads to eliminate the obstruction poles and eyesore
cables hanging above. Interior lots shall be provided with right of way
access to the tapping point. All developments should be regulated by
the LGU to avoid damaging and breaking the concrete roads and
sidewalks. Another secondary option includes a proposal for elevated
walkways. Given that the existing roads in Boracay Island are too small
to accommodate pedestrians, elevated walkways will be considered
as an alternative. In this regard, overhead cables can be placed
underneath these elevated walkways to keep them hidden from view.
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Figure 6.8. Powerline Pole obstructing roadway, Pedestrian walkways, and causing visual pollution
(Boracay Island)
Source: Google Street View
6.2.7.5 Prepare an Island Integrated and Comprehensive Drainage
Study to improve the existing drainage system
A comprehensive study is needed to anticipate all future developments.
Sizes of drainage shall be designed in accordance with the proposed
Master Plan to include the zoning and in anticipation of the maximum
possible inflow of water into the drainage.
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Figure 6.9. Photo showing actual drainage construction (Malay Mainland)
6.2.7.6 Improvement of access roads to beaches of Boracay
Access to the beach areas shall be cleared of any obstructions.
Protruding structures such as houses, establishments and fences
shall be removed to accommodate sufficient access to the beach. A
minimum of three-meter road transport corridor is recommended. This
road is designed only for pedestrians going to the beach, but can also
accommodate emergency vehicles.
Figure 6.10. Existing Narrow Access to Beach Area
(Boracay)
6.2.7.7 Formulation and enforcement of Traffic Management and
Rerouting Plan
A comprehensive traffic management plan is needed to be developed
both for Malay mainland and Boracay Island. For Boracay Island, a
detailed study to minimize the vehicular traffic and encourage tourists to
walk within the island shall be considered. Limiting and controlling vehicle
stops and drop off points shall be designed to complement the usage
of common terminal/stations along the island for all public transport.
Public transport will not be allowed to park anytime along the main road
to wait for passengers. Passenger pick up points should be designed
to allow free flow of traffic. Hotels and resorts shall be required to have a
parking area for their service vehicles within their respective properties,
and not on the sidewalks. For the mainland, a comprehensive traffic
management plan shall be developed to anticipate the uninterrupted
flow of traffic that will accommodate the future demands of the road
usage. Roads must be designed to accommodate the anticipated
volume of traffic within the specified period of 5, 10 and 25 years
development projections.
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 6.2.7.8 Expansion of sanitary landfill cells and leachate pond
The existing sanitary landfill should be checked for its compliance with
the environmental laws. The facility must be restored back to a good
operating condition with all equipment usable and functioning. At present,
intrusion of leachate in the groudwater is possible. For the expansion of
its capacity, it is recommended to find another location not situated on
higher grounds. Leachate shall be conveyed to the concrete cells for
treatment. A laboratory analysis should be done on collected leachate
for appropriate treatment. Overflow shall not be allowed without having
the effluent to be checked by qualified personnel manning the facility.
At present, the sanitary landfill is not operating in ideal conditions. The
pumps are not working and there was no power connection during the
inspection of the site. The aerator, although available, was not being used.
Leachate is overflowing without treatment. Only lime powder is being
used to dissipate foul odor of the effluent or leachates. There are areas
without a liner to prevent intrusion of leachate to the ground water. Before
a bigger problem occurs, it is recommended to thoroughly check the
facility’s capability to treat and prevent contamination of the groundwater,
the flow of excess leachate to nearby areas, and the contamination of
the air.
6.2.7.9 Rehabilitation and Expansion of Boracay Sewerage and
Drainage System
Centralized Sewer System for mainland Malay – The plan should
start from identifying locations for the sewage treatment facilities. It
is recommended that Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) should be
developed and designed in multiple locations strategically situated on
the proposed future developments. Construction and operation should
start on the existing developed areas such as Caticlan. Pipelines for the
mainline should be designed and installed while considering all future
anticipated developments. Connection points should also be designed
and installed to accept inflow from sources.
Figure 6.11. Actual Photos of Existing Sanitary Landfill and Equipment
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Figure 6.12. Existing Sewage Treatment Facility in Boracay Island (Boracay Island Water
Company)
6.2.7.10 Comprehensive Drainage and Sewerage System Master
Development Plan for Boracay and Mainland
Malay Sewer Line
Mainland Malay has no common sewer collection. The effluent on every
household and establishment is being stored or collected into septic
tanks. Overflow or excess in the holding tank capacity is left to settle on
the soil or flow into inappropriate discharge areas. Around 95% of the
establishments and households were reported to have individual sewer
holding tanks or septic vaults during interviews with every Barangay
official and the remaining 5% of the rural areas still using the conventional
method for waste disposal of using open pits.
Boracay Sewer Line
Boracay Island has two STPs. BIWC owns and maintains the existing
6.5MLD capacity STP in Balabag and the 5.5MLD in Manocmanoc.
These, however, are too far from the water being supplied to them in
the island at 15MLD demand daily. Only the establishments and few
houses along the main road are connected to BIWC sewer line. Most
of the establishments and households that are not connected are from
the inner areas. They are not connected mainly because of the lack
of tapping points, right of way access, and some are not willing to
pay for the costly connection since it may require pumps to make the
connection workable or the sewage effluent to flow on the mainline due
to the differential elevation issue. The 8.5MLD excess from the water
supply is discharged primarily through the drainage and some are left
flowing as surface runoff along the open areas and streets. BoracayTubi
(BTSI), the second concessionaire of potable water, supplies about
10MLD of fresh water to the island and has 0.5MLD STP at the Fairway
intended for the treatment of their sewage effluent. On some occasions
BTSI hauls through their available trucks, the sewage from their clients
but this is still not enough since the capacity of the existing STP at
Fairway is very little or just 5% of the demand.
Nonetheless, these recommendations concerning Boracay Island
should still be anchored on the national government’s Rehabilitation
Plan which is expected to be accomplished by October 2018.
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6.2.8 Development of Tambisaan and Bel-at
Municipal Tourist Docking Area
1. Tambisaan
2. Bel-at
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ADVANTAGES
Existing docking area used during Habagat
Season
When fully opened, Cagban port will be
decongested
Development will be essentially spread into the
eastern side of the island
It is near the mainland
Entry point from Romblon / Carabao Island
More efficient access to the northern part of the
island
DISADVANTAGES
Affects the leisure aspect of the beach
When fully opened, the one entry, one exit will be elevated platforms to avoid intrusion into the
violated
The docking area is close to residential areas
Affects the marine habitats close to the
Tambisaan coast
Highly seasonal use
Will add more tourists or visitors to the island
Located in a high-value beach and may cause
conflict to arise
It will destroy the marine life present on the Puka but passenger processing center (terminal) will
Beach waters due to pollution
It will degrade the quality of the Puka shells
The proposed area is close to and can affect
the protected forestland which contains endemic tor movement away from the beach.
animal species.
Affects the leisure and environmental aspect of
the beach
Too many entry points can be hard to monitor
RECOMMENDATIONS
Sustainable design solutions should be applied
architecturally, for example: use of stilts or
natural sand and avoiding the use of concrete
so not to destroy the sand.
Navigation routes should also be studied and
strictly followed to avoid the marine habitats
present under surface.
Upgrading to boats using renewable source of
energy shall be encouraged.
Engineering solutions to mitigate the wave surges
The port can be of mixed use so it is still
operational even during off season, or else
informal settlers may occupy within the vicinity.
Find a more suitable area for docking.
Port facilities may be temporary (e.g. pontoon)
still have to be appropriately designed. To mini-
mize congestion impact, the passenger terminal
should be located farther inland with tourists
walking on elevated boardwalk to minimize soil
and beach impact, as well as enable faster visi-
Aesthetically, the port should adopt a tropical
look. Noise should be regulated as well. Entry
should be limited.
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Inspirational Images

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6.3 Postcards from the Future

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7.1 Tourism Development Guidelines
Preservation and Conservation of Natural Resources
7.1.1. Flora
1. Tree-cutting shall be prohibited, especially of endemic trees
which serve as the habitat of various wild species in the
Municipality. National and local policies should be taken into
consideration.
2. To enhance and promote the conservation of biodiversity,
various species of trees, plants, shrubs and other forms of flora
shall form part of the development project.
3. Continuous research, environmental resource inventory
creation and inclusion of plant species of both land and water
existing and newly discovered, shall be conducted annually by
the local Environment and Natural Resources Office
7.1.2. Fauna
1. Activities such as hunting and gathering fauna and/or the
destruction of their habitats shall be prohibited in accordance
with Section17, Chapter III, Article I of Republic Act 9174,
which states that the natural seasons and habitats of native
and migrating species are to be protected and are not to be
adversely affected by any development projects. Proponents
of these development projects should ensure that there will be
no negative impacts to the environment.
2. Continuous research, inventory creation and inclusion of existing
and newly discovered animal species, of both land and water,
shall be conducted annually by the local Environment and
Natural Resources Office.
7.1.3. Marine and Aquatic Resources
1. Any destructive form of fishing or harvesting of living animals,
sand, seashells, corals, as well as marine flora through any
means, such as the use of chemical, cyanide, dynamite,
muro-ami and the like shall be strictly prohibited.
2. All mangrove forests or habitats shall be preserved and
undisturbed. Minimal and temporary developments like
walkways shall be allowed with the following conditions:
a. Natural materials, such as timber, bamboo and natural
stones shall be used exlusively. The use of concrete is strictly
prohibited.
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b. The design and plan shall be non-intrusive and shall adapt
to the existing formations of the plants.
c. Construction shall have minimal impacts on the environment
and its surrounding areas.
7.1.4. Water
1. Various means of rainwater collection shall be encouraged and
will be provided, with technical assistance by the Philippines
Interior Design Act (PIDA). (rainwater collection shall be provided
by bulding owners)
2. areas. Meanwhile, the Malay Municipal Tourism Office is
All developments of all occupancies shall maintain and observe
the National Building Code provisions on site occupancy and
open space requirements in order to retain permeable ground
to allow water recharge.
3.
Activities and development rules and regulations in inland water
bodies will be subjected to the same and similar rules and
regulations as those in ocean waters.
7.1.5. Air
1. Development projects that are determined to have or may
potentially have adverse effects on the quality of the air
shall observe relevant provisions, regulations and mitigation
measures as stated in Republic Act 8749: The Clean Air Act.
2. All motorized vehicles shall be governed by the existing exhaust
emission guidelines of the LTO and other related agencies.
3. “NO SMOKING” signs, in compliance with the RA 9514 (Fire
Code of the Philippines 2008), shall be posted in visible areas
of the building and property premises to remind occupants of
the policy.
7.1.6. Topography and Slope
1. All development projects shall harmoniously blend with the
land’s slope and topographic features. No development shall
cause any major alteration in the topography of the land.
7.1.7. Protected Areas
1. All existing protected areas within the Municipality of Malay
and its municipal waters, including the portions covered by the
Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park, are to be constantly
maintained and monitored to ensure its sound environmental
integrity. Ecologically sensitive areas, designated water
harvesting areas such as reed beds, and vital areas for
environmental functions such as aquifer recharge areas shall
be protected. All other necessary laws such as Republic Act
7586: The NIPAS Law and the Presidential Decree 1152: the
Philippine Environment Code among others must be strictly
adhered to and implemented.
2. The Municipality of Malay’s Local Government Unit shall inform
its residents about their role in conserving Malay’s protected
responsible for raising awareness among tourists.
7.1.8. Noise and Acoustic Levels
1. Noise that is generated by establishment and mechanical
sources, such as but not limited to musical entertainment
machines such as videoke or karaoke, air-conditioning
equipment, audio-visual equipment, etc. shall be toned down
to a maximum tolerable limit as per local ordinances. All
establishments, wherever applicable, shall plant trees in close
rows as a natural sound and noise buffer to further minimize
noise pollution around their properties and mitigate impacts to
the existing animal species.
2. Said musical entertainment machines shall only be allowed
inside enclosed and acoustically treated rooms of permanent
buildings. Frequent use of such sound machines and the
like shall be strictly prohibited within eco-tourism zones like
riversides and areas within the beach easement.
7.1.9. Coastal Development
1. Public facilities such as restaurants, recreational facilities and
the like must be located near or fronting the main road for easier
access. Service facilities such as parking areas, loading and
unloading spaces for goods, staff housing, utilities areas and
similar uses should be located in convenient settings but must
be as unobtrusive as possible. They must not block the scenery
of the beach and sea and should be veiled from public view.
2. The use of concrete on all future new developments fronting
the beach, shall be strictly prohibited. Only the use of natural
materials like stone, clay, metal, timber or wood is permissible.
This shall apply on all buildings on the block fronting the beach.
For renovations or alterations, the use of concrete shall be
discouraged, unless necessary.
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Green Building
1. The following architectural design guidelines will apply to both
the beach and inland zones:
2. Construction shall blend with the topography of the site, while
avoiding rigid forms and aesthetics that would clash and
become incompatible with the coastal landscape.
3. Adaptive reuse of old and native structures shall be considered
as opposed to redeveloping new structures with entirely different
designs. Retrofits may be applied to old structures discreetly to
conform to the updated standards, while preserving the outer
façade of such structures.
4. In all structures, visible building materials shall be environment-
friendly and should blend with the overall resort appearance,
including color. Locally available materials are preferred. Wood
from sources that are depleting in numbers should not be used.
Recycled materials which will be used for construction shall
meet and comply with structural standards.
a. The use of indigenous materials such as nipa, cogon, natural
stones, wood tiles, and other similar materials will be highly
encouraged in all construction types.
b. All buildings shall have the flexibility and opportunity to use
natural ventilation for free cooling and fresh air in regularly
occupied spaces. The size of each room and space shall be
consistent with the occupancy load of the National Building
Code (NBC). Requirements include operable windows or
balcony doors, with the size of the opening equal to at least
ten percent of the floor area of the regularly occupied space.
c. Light-colored building envelope is highly recommended,
especially the roof areas which are the most vulnerable to
sunlight. This can reduce heat transfer from the outside to the
inside of the building. Building metal roof surfaces shall either
be color white or at least not darker than beige/tan.
d. Buildings shall be provided with roof insulation to help reduce
heat gain thus improving thermal comfort, acoustic quality
and reducing the load on the air conditioning system.
e. The buildings’ cooling equipment shall meet or exceed the
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minimum efficiency requirements indicated in the Philippine
Green Building Code.
f.
Applicable buildings shall include in the water distribution
system the integration of overhead or elevated water tanks that
will facilitate the distribution of water without compromising the
required water volume and pressure based on the demand
and the Plumbing Code of the Philippines. Buildings below
10 stories high are exempted from this provision.
g.
Every building or development, whichever is applicable, shall
be provided with a MRF for the collection and segregation of
solid waste materials, with the following provisions:
g.1. Every building or development, whichever is applicable,
shall be provided with an MRF for the collection and
segregation of solid waste materials
g.2. MRF shall be fully enclosed and easily accessible
from within the building and from the outside for easy
collection of waste
g.3. Four (4) types of solid waste container shall be provided:
a) Compostable (Biodegradable
b) Non-recyclable (Non-biodegradable)
c) Recyclable (paper, cardboard, plastic, metal, wood,
etc.)
d) Special Waste
g.4. For hospitals, isolated bins for hazardous wastes shall
be strictly provided.
g.5. The minimum area of the MRF shall comply with the
provisions of the Philippine Green Building Code.
h. The following provisions on Tobacco Smoking shall apply on
all building occupancies:
h.1. “NO SMOKING” signs, in compliance with the RA 9514
(Fire Code of the Philippines 2008), shall be posted in
visible areas of the building and property premises to
remind occupants of the policy.
h.2. If smoking is allowed outdoors, designated smoking
areas shall be naturally ventilated, outside of the building
shell and away from building entrances, windows and
outside supply air (OSA) intakes by at least ten (10)
meters.
h.3. If smoking is allowed indoors, designated smoking
areas shall be provided partitioned from the rest of the
indoor spaces. Partitions shall be sealed from floor to
soffit of the nest floor or roof structure. Enclosed smoking
areas shall be equipped with adequate exhaust system
with exhaust rate in accordance with the latest PSVARE
Standards. Exhaust shall directly vent out to the outside
of the building and away from any building openings or
intakes.
h.4. Doors and windows of enclosed smoking area shall
always be closed and well-sealed. Negative pressure
within is recommended to prevent smoke infiltration to
adjacent spaces.
h.5. Buildings with a general policy of “No Smoking” within
building premises may be exempted from having
designated smoking areas.
i. Integration of solar water heating, solar panels for electricity,
green walls and roofs, etc. shall be encouraged.
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66 Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Disaster Risk Reduction Management
1. Disaster-ready designs such as the inclusion of fire, tsunami,
or earthquake refuge areas should be taken into consideration
for all future developments of all occupancies. Existing
developments shall comply to this provision as well.

2. Structures must be built to withstand the highest wind speed in

the country, and to anticipate even higher wind speeds due to
climate change.

3. It is recommended that structures be built on stilts, especially

those that are located in and near low-lying and flood-prone
areas. Use of flexible mooring posts will help in elevating and
Figure 7.4 Proposed Disaster-resilient School
anchoring the structure. Bedrooms and livable spaces should
be at least 2 meters above the highest water level.
Habitable spaces are located on upper floor levels. Lower
flooor levels are left as open spaces, which can serve as
parking, play areas, or other recreational functions.

Figure 7.2 Proposed Smokey Mountain Socialized Housing by Palafox

Figure 7.1 Floating communities by Palafox Associates

Floating Communities: Homes are interconnected through
elevated walkways that are 1-3 meters above water
and flood levels. Buildings are elevated on stilts.
Houses may be elevated through use of stilts. This allows
structure to be disaster-resilient.
Figure 7.3 Proposed Tropical House by Palafox Associates

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
General Development Guidelines
Figure 7.5 Proposed Linear Park by Palafox Associates
Site Sustainability
1. For future developments:
To achieve site sustainability, developers must adopt planning,
design, construction and operation practices that minimize
the adverse impact of buildings on ecosystems and water
resources.
a. Site clearing, grading and excavation shall be planned at
the start of construction to mitigate pollution caused by
erosion and sedimentation, taking into consideration existing
endemic foliage as regulated by the DENR, through the
following measures:
a.1Formulate a building site erosion and sedimentation control
plan that outlines measures to be applied to prevent soil
that can run-off at the natural bodies of water
a.2Implement additional measures to mitigate the effect of
pollution and safety on construction conforming to Rule XI
of the National Building Code.
a.3Storm water collection management plan
b. All developments shall protect and not disturb all existing
utilities, and water bodies and waterways.
200
Water efficiency in landscaping can also contribute to the
overall sustainability of a development. To limit or eliminate the
use of potable water or other natural surface water resource,
practice the following strategies:
2. For existing developments:
a. The most optimal solution is to maintain or re-establish the
native plants on building sites because it fosters a self-
sustaining landscape that requires minimal supplemental
water and attracts native wildlife, creating a built environment
that is integrated with its natural surroundings.
b. All developments of all occupancies shall comply with the
National Building Code provisions on site occupancy and
open space requirements in order to retain permeable
ground to allow water recharge.
Accessibility
1. Pedestrian Circulation Principles
a. Optimum acessibility to buildings
a.1 Wherever possible, provide clear, direct and secured
access throughout the building and the site, including
major entries, lobbies, communal outdoor spaces, parking
areas and public streets.
b. Efficient, equitable and inclusive access to everyone
b.1 Incorporate universal design principles at the start of the
design process.
2. Road Transport Corridor
b.2 Ensure universal access is provided to main entrances
from the street and car parking areas.
b.3 Integrate ramps into the overall building and landscape
design where there is change in level.
c. Functional, pleasant and safe multi-dimensional spaces
b.1 Provide generous corridor widths and ceiling heights.
b.2 Avoid tight corners so as to allow easy movement.
b.3 Provide appropriate levels of lighting, especially the use of
natural daylight.
b.4 Buildings shall graciously meet and engage with people at
their scale with awnings, facade elements, lighting design
and other features along pathways and sidewalks.
d. Clear and continuous pedestrian access
d.1 Sidewalks shall form a continuous network connected by
frequent, safe street pedestrian crossings. They should
flawlessly be integrated with walkways, building entrances,
transit facilities, plazas and parks in order for users to feel
comfortable.
e. Creates great value
e.1 Design streets not only to be as functional elements but
also as economic assets. Well-designed streets create
environments that entice people to linger and spend time,
generating greater revenues for businesses and higher
value for homeowners.
f. Integrated biodiversity
f.1 Integrate regional green infrastructure measures to improve
the biodiversity and quality of the urban pedestrian
ecosystem.
g. Dynamic and adaptive
g.1 Circulation spaces shall be creative and shall reflect the
changing street conditions and road networks.
a. For the Mainland:
a.1 For the 30-meter road transport corridor, there shall be two
(2) lanes for each of the following transport modalities:
walkway, bike lane, public transit, and carriage way. Lane
widths are indicated on Chapter 6 of this report.
a.2 For the 20-meter road transport corridor, there shall be four
(4) lanes for the carriageway and two (2) for the walkway,
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 and bicycle lane. Lane widths are indicated on Chapter 6
of this report.
a.3 For the 12-meter road transport corridor, there shall be
two (2) lanes for the carriageway and the walkway. The
walkway shall be shared by pedestrians and cyclists.
Lane widths are indicated on Chapter 6 of this report.
b. For Boracay Island:
b.1 For the 12-meter road transport corridor, there shall be
two (2) lanes for the carriageway and the walkway. The
walkway shall be shared by pedestrians and cyclists.
Lane widths are indicated on Chapter 6 of this report.
3. Access Roads to the Beach
Setbacks and Easements
a. Building setbacks from the road transport corridor of either
barangay, municipal, provincial or national roads shall
comply with the NBC.
b. A 30-meter easement parallel to the established mean
high-water mark along all the coasts of the municipality is
recommended. This is in consideration of the effects of
sea level rise, the shorelines retreat due to climate change
and the risks brought about by the beach’s vulnerability to
storm surges and flooding. In the mainland, this 25+5 meter
easement shall allow for the creation of recreational spaces
that shall also serve as wave breakers.
c. Building distance and structure shall comply with the
provisions of the NBCP and local ordinances.
birds from inhabiting the area as they are serious threat to aircraft.
Other uses such as agriculture, specifically cereal crops and
leisure activities such as golf courses are recommended instead.
Building-to-Open Space Ratio
a. All properties and building developments within Malay, Aklan
shall conform to the standard of sixty percent (60%) buildable
and forty percent (40%) non-buildable building-to-open-
space ratio or percentage of lot occupancy (PLO).
b. The remaining 40% of the site shall be used for green open
spaces (20%) and spaces for pedestrian walkways, service
roads, utilities, and infrastructure (20%).

a. It is recommended that an access road be provided to the
beach approximately every 400 meters. The access road
may be used by vehicles during emergencies; therefore, it
should have a minimum width of three (3) meters to allow
them to pass through. However, for access roads that pass
through the community centers, it is recommended that they
also have sections for landscaping and pedestrians therefore
increasing its minimum width to 10 meters.
b. A minimum of three (3) meters right-of-way for direct
beachfront access is mandatory to be provided by property
owners and developments along the beach to succeeding
interior lots (properties that are not on the beachfront) in
the proposed access roads. To ensure public access to
the beach, properties with alleys that provide access are
encouraged to share this access way to the general public
and also to maintain them.
4. Beach Boardwalks
a. Boardwalks shall serve as pedestrian pathways along the
beach areas. They shall be made of wood and shall be
elevated in order to keep the natural circulation of the wind.
d. Minimum easement for all inland bodies of water (e.g. rivers,
lakes, lagoons) shall be in accordance with the Water Code
of the Philippines (PD 1067).
Buffer Zones
Buffer Zones are to be placed in between non-compatible land uses.
They consist of trees, plants, and other foliage that are best in blocking or
deflecting noise, fumes, and other elements that can cause nuisance or
health risks. They can be in the form of parks and green open spaces.
Figure 7.6 Illustration of Building to Open Space Ratio
a. A minimum of 50 meters of buffer zone shall be required on
all sides of the property for fuel refilling stations. Structural Height Restrictions
a. For new developments, building height should follow the
b. For utility areas such as electric sub-stations, cell sites and local ordinances. Generally, it is recommended that building
materials recovery facilities among others, a minimum of 30 heights be arranged in an ascending-inward height limit to
meter buffer zone is recommended. preserve the site’s sea-to-shore views while allowing a higher
building limit in areas inland. Buildings should have adaptive
c. Private sewage treatment plants shall be required to have a architecture; there should be no habitable spaces on the
minimum buffer of 20 meters from hotel rooms or other resort ground floor.
facilities.
d. A 70 meter buffer zone shall be established beside the airport
premises and running parallel on both sides of the runway
strip to further minimize noise pollution.

e. However, no trees shall be allowed to be planted within the Figure 7.7 Illustration of Proposed Height Limit

airport buffer zone to comply with the height limits set by the
aerodrome clearances and also to prevent wildlife such as

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Environmental Graphics and Wayfinding

1. All signs shall be constructed according to the following

materials standard
a. The use of indigenous and non-metallic materials for general
and pedestrian directional signage shall be encouraged.

Indigenous and native materials such as coco-lumber,

wood planks, log sidings, bamboo and bamboo products,
nipa, sawali, rattan, etc. can be used.
Figure 7.9 Example of Warning Signage

b. Traffic and directional signage shall be constructed out of Source: https://www.theolympian.com/news/local/

article196614534.html
reflectorized, all-weather, gauge #10 anodized aluminum
sheets with cathode protection against rust and corrosion for
all metallic materials and exposed surfaces.

c. Traffic and pedestrian signs shall be constructed having

0.60 meters x 0.15 to 0.30 meters maximum directional
signs width.
2. The aspect of aesthetics in terms of color, proportion and
location must always be considered, as well as to be perceived
Figure 7.10 Example of Environmental Wayfinding
Figure 7.8 Illustration of Traffic and Road Signs in Philippines Source: https://www.pinterest.co.uk/
Source: https://www.affordablecebu.com/load/philippine_government/list_of_traffic_signs_in_the_philippines/5-1-0-30228 pin/217861700700493044/

as having good taste and should not intrude and become

7. All signs will conform to the following dimensions. Signs larger e. Establishment signs, advertisements and billboards 0.80
provocative to the sensibilities of the viewers or users and must
than the following shall not be allowed. meters x 0.12 meters mounted two (2) meters from finished
not interfere with the panorama of an established view, whether
ground level
natural or contrived. This applies to locational signage as well.
a. Street or road signs 0.60 meters x 0.15 meters mounted two
(2) meters from finished ground level f. Proper signage for its designated use such as for vehicular
3. The LGU, in coordination with Philippine Interior Design Act
traffic roadways; pedestrian lanes; hiking, mountain biking
(PIDA) of 2012, can allocate areas for communal commercial
b. Location signs 0.60 meters x 0.15 to 0.30 meters maximum and horseback riding trails and for PWD lanes shall be
signs.
directional signs width mounted 1.2 meters from finished provided.
ground level
4. Locational signages shall be readable and informative.

c. Historical landmarks according to National Historical Institute

5. All elements of signs such as symbols, fonts and color shall
(NHI) requirements
conform to international standards.

6. Signs for tourism shall incorporate international standards as d. Traffic and pedestrian signs, international standards and the
well as signs accredited by the World Tourism Organizations Traffic Signs Code adopted by the Land and Transportation
(WTO). Office (LTO), Department of Public Works and Highways
(DPWH) and Department of Transportation (DOTr)

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Lighting
1. Building Lighting Concepts
Unlike indoor lighting, the main challenge in lighting the exterior
of buildings would be how to reconcile exterior lighting with over
spilling light from inside of the building. Lighting concepts differ
from night and day but generally, lighting elements must:
a. Emphasize the structure and identity of a specific area and
enhance its image
b. Increase the attractiveness of the urban environment to its
dwellers by means of functional and architectural lighting
c. Help to add further dynamics to a city’s image
d. Provide security to pedestrians and property of urban
spaces at night time
e. Transform urban areas into pleasant spaces at night by
providing further opportunities of entertainment and enriching
urban life quality through suitable lighting
f. Encourage owners to keep the facades of their buildings
clean and make the city more attractive
When designing night lighting, designers must keep in mind
the concepts of urban identity; touristic vocation; commerce
and entertainment; education, culture and arts. The following
factors shall also be considered:
a. Street scale
Street scale is an important factor in determining the
appropriate configuration of exterior light fixtures. Broad
avenues require fixtures of a different scale from narrow
side streets, because of the arc of light created by a source
varies with its distance from the ground or surface.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
b. Street Character
Qualities such as the architectural or historical character and
use of a building or any space like a park edge, the existence
of a landscape canopy, and the degree of ambient light are
all factors that should be considered.
c. Photometric Analysis
This is an important means of determining the appropriate
spacing of light fixtures to ensure that light is spread evenly
where it is needed.
d. Compatibility and Coordination
The choice of lighting must meet the district’s standard
preferences, based on the character of the street or the
architectural design provisions and limitations. In order to
design the exterior surfaces and spaces of the building,
light fixtures should be conceived as a part of a coordinated
line of amenities. They should even appear compatible with
trash bins and other street furniture.
e. Light Pollution and Light Nuisance
Light pollution and light nuisance are terms to describe
incidences where light has been allowed to get into areas
where it is unwanted and where the lighting design did not
intend it to go.
Important building or street elements that needs lighting are as
follows:
a. Landscaping
b. Transit stops
c. Entrances
d. Edges
e. Retail displays
f. Architectural details
3. Street/Public Lighting
g. Signage
h. Focal points
2. Illumination
General illumination requirements are as follows:
a. Buildings shall have powerful wall lightings to light surrounding
traffic and car parks but glare shall be controlled to reduce
light pollution and impacts to humans and biodiversity.
b. Public or street lighting should use ‘full cutoff’ fixtures that
direct light on the intended surface with no uplight, spill light
and minimal glare to drivers and pedestrians, and to also
avoid impacts to migratory birds and other regional species.
c. Facade lighting should be turned off between 11 pm and 6
am.
d. Use appropriate color temperature to the context of
application:
d.1 Maximum of 3000k for residential and mixed-use areas
d.2 Maximum of 4000k along high traffic arterial roads
e. Buildings shall have interior lighting according to their night
time use unless they have symbolic landmarks.
f. Buildings and structures should provide for their own lighting
protection system which should conform to the latest edition
of the Philippine Electrical Code of the Philippines Part 1 and
Part 2.
g. Where security lighting is required, motion sensor activated
lighting shall be used to save energy and reduce light
pollution.
Street and Public Lighting can greatly affect the image of a
particular public place. It is for this reason that white LED lights
are rarely used in public places. Instead, lighting in public
areas use warmer and gentler colors to give a more relaxing
and comfortable look. To achieve such a look, over spilling light
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 from private establishments must be considered and utilized
when planning the lighting in public spaces. While street lights
are meant to illuminate all public areas, this is not to say that
lights have to directly hit every area in a public space. Slight
shadows between street lights can add to the aesthetic of the
city. The same can be said for tunnel lights, which use bright
but indirect lighting on both sides.
For urban spaces, the following provisions must be observed:
a. For path walks and sidewalks:
a.1 The prevailing visual elements in pedestrian areas are
the pedestrian themselves, and must be provided with
vertical artificial lighting e.g. lamp posts. Lighting should
allow pedestrians to discern obstacles and other hazards
nearby and be aware of other pedestrians.
a.2 Horizontal path lighting at proper heights shall be
recommended on pathwalks that often change direction
and grade to ensure that pedestrians walk safely on the
streets.
a.3 The placement of lamp posts shall be in staggered
arrangement in order to potentially use fewer lights and
energy.
For sidewalks, lamp posts should be closely spaced to
create a stronger edge along the road, reinforcing itself as
a safe exterior habitable space.
Additionally, the arrangement shall also be sensitive to
existing conditions. Although there shall be a standard
spacing specified, make allowances to respond to the
circumstances of surrounding spaces, such as a street
cafe with an exterior lighting provision, compatibility or
conflict with existing traffic signals, benches, bus stops and
public payphones.
a.4 The use of solar-powered lamps is highly recommended.
b. For parking lots
b.1 Pole height should be no higher than the buildings or trees
around the perimeter of the lot.
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b.2 The lighting fixtures must be shielded or cut off to control
light spill.
b.3 Lighting should be dimmed or extinguished after business
hours. They should not be used to promote business or
illuminate a building facade.
c. For low residential:
c.1 Applies to detached, semi-detached and town homes, in
projects containing a minimum of 5 dwellings/units up to
three storeys in height.
c.2 Use the minimum amount of light that will allow proper
vision.
c.3 For security lighting, motion sensor activated lighting shall
be used to save energy and reduce light pollution.
a.4 Ensure that all lighting is shielded and pointed away from
man’s eye view.
a.5 Minimize the trespass of lighting onto another property.
d. For mid to high rise and all non-residential buildings:
d.1 Applies to all residential and non-residential buildings.
d.2 Minimize office lighting after-hours by using timers, area
control switches and occupancy sensors.
d.3 Where spaces must be lit, use blinds or shutters and task
lighting to minimize light spill.
d.4 For external lighting of the building, use downlight to highlight
architectural features. All lighting fixtures should be facing
downward on building facades.
d.5 Street-facing lighting should be shielded.
d.6 Limit signage brightness and implement a local policy for
lighting hours restrictions.
e. For parks, open spaces and recreational areas:
e.1 Use lighting fixtures that are full cutoff so that they light a
pathway or sitting area without causing glare.
e.2 Use only full cutoff wall pack lighting fixtures on park
buildings, which are mounted at proper height.
e.3 Manage sports lighting installation for minimum impact on
the surrounding park spaces.
e.4 Use of solar-powered light fixtures is highly recommended.
f. For gas stations and convenience stores
f.1 Light sources in the canopy should be shielded so they
are not visible from the property line.
f.2 The direct lighting of the area under the canopy should be
efficient for the activities and not to attract attention to the
business.
f.3
The average horizontal luminance should be no more than
15 lux, with a uniformity ratio no greater than 3:1.
f.4
Lights should not be mounted on the top or sides of the
canopy.
f.5 Canopy lights can potentially be activated by motion-
sensing, where lamps remain in a partially dimmed state
until a car is detected.
4. Access to Daylight
While reliance on electricity as a light source is inevitable, it
must be minimized, allowing for cost savings and more eco-
friendly alternatives. According to research conducted by
the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED),
well-planned buildings lit by daylight can reduce energy
consumption from 50 to 80 percent. This can be achieved
through the balance of factors such as heat gain and loss,
glare control, visual quality and daylight availability; and
can be done through the introduction of shallow floor plates,
courtyards, atriums, clerestory windows and skylights.
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 a. All buildings must comply with the opening requirements of
the NBC.
b. All buildings shall refer to the Green Building provisions of
these design standards and guidelines.
Biophysical Impacts
Any anthropogenic development has impact on the natural
environment, ultimately affecting its ecosystem. Coastal area
and small islands are vulnerable to the changes brought about
by human intervention in terms of habitation and utilization such
as tourism. As tourism products, islands and coastal areas
must maintain their environmental qualities that have made
them into premier tourist attractions. It is thus the objective of the
stakeholders, primarily the local government of Malay to protect
the biophysical characteristics of its municipality in order to ensure
the sustainability and powerful economic roles of its natural areas.
With future-proofing as a guiding element to protect the major
tourism site of Malay (Boracay Island) and its support sites in
the mainland, appropriate development guidelines have been
formulated for this plan.
The general development guidelines include the following issues
that must be addressed :
• Hydrology – Protection of the watercourses (e.g. rivers,
streams)
• Beach Morphology – Protection of the beach area and its
dynamics
• Soils – Protection of the soil substrate
• Vegetation – Protection indigenous plant species and natural
vegetation
• Wildlife and Biodiversity – Identification and protection of
naturally-occurring wildlife in the tourist sites
• Pests and Vector Control – Pest and Vector control mechanism
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
to protect the tourist sites from infestation
• Topography – Appropriate siting of structure in sloping areas
• Marine – Protection of the marine zone that include corals,
seagrass and other marine animals; protect marine
environment from pollution
• Hazard Protection – Response program for hazard and
disaster response
• Buffers and Setbacks – Identify buffers and setbacks to guide
built-up development and activity placement
• Architecture – Allowed architectural designs that would be
implemented in the island
• Aesthetics – Establishments must not run counter to the general
aesthetics of the area
• Landscape – Landscaping must not create environmental
degradation and visual pollution.
• Signages – No off-site advertisement signage will be allowed
in Boracay Island. Signages will only be allowed within the
property or façade of an establishment
• Road Design and Access – Road design must primarily be
used for unimpeded mobility. Tourist resource (e.g. beach)
and emergency access must be established and remain free
from any obstruction
• Grading and Drainage – Ensure that there is zero or minimal
disturbance to natural drainage patterns. The main purposeof
drainage system must be maintained and not utilized for waste
water disposal
• Fences and Retaining Walls – Plant hedges are preferred,
keeping more “eyes” on the road for security. However,
should fences be really necessary, fencing materials must
be permeable (e.g., barbed wires), and should incoroporate
landscaping.
• Landscape Planting – Must not be used to fence-off public
spaces and tourist movement areas
• Materials – Minimize the amount of materials used for
construction and business operation and avoid conflict with
the environment
• Construction – Minimize negative environmental impacts
construction may bring
• Energy Use and Conservation – Minimize environmental
impacts by utilizing solar, wind and other renewable energy
sources.
• Biodegradable Waste – Minimize production of biodegradable
waste and create regular and efficient waste disposal
• Sewage – Every household and establishment in Boracay
Island must be connected to the sewage line. No tourist
establishment or household will be issued municipal building
permits in areas that are not serviced with sewage lines.
• Solid Waste – On-site (establishment, household) waste
segregation must be followed
• Water Management – Groundwater withdrawal shall not be
allowed in Boracay Island
• Cultural and Socio-Economic Factors – Protect local history,
indigenous populations and their cultures and traditions.
• Safety and Security – Every establishment shall be required
to set up CCTV cameras with corresponding signs on the
presence of CCTV cameras. Every beachfront property must
assign at least three (3) personnel for lifeguard and first aid
training.
• Health and Wellness – Every establishment must ensure that
health is a top priority by coming up with a health maintenance
program on cleanliness, food poisoning and communicalble
disease control
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7.2 List of Recommendations
1. Beach Setback Implementation
2. Widening and enhancement of Beach access roads
3. Restoration of forestlands and wetlands
4. Boracay Road Transport Corridor widening and enhancement
5. Construction of life guard stations
6. Construction of tourist assistance centers
7. Construction of Fire station
8. Construction of Police station and detention area
9. Construction of suspension bridge
10. Construction of cable car connection
11. Construction of monorail connection
12. Upgrading of boats to renewable energy
13. Improvement of road transport corridors
14. Construction of drainage ways in mainland
15. Construction of communal STPs and main sewerage lines in
mainland
16. Solid Waste Management: 4R program (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse,
Recycle)
17. Waste Segregation program
18. Invest on Waste-to-Energy technology and other renewable energy
technology
19. Zero Waste Program
20. No-Plastic Policy
21. Provision of waste bins on public areas
22. Boracay Island Carrying Capacity Study
23. Policies to control visitor entry
24. Construction of a community hospital
25. Construction of a Level 2 hospital
26. Construction of a Level 3 hospital
27. Master plan of university town
28. Master plan of new urban center
29. Construction of colleges and secondary schools
30. Construction of University of Malay
206
31. Demolition of billboards and other visually polluting elements 61. Elevated Boardwalks on Beach Areas
32. Policies on Advertisements 62. Plant Hedges instead of Fences
33. Enhancement of signage and visual aids 63. Restoration of Mangrove forests
34. Set-up an emergency hotline 64. Use of natural wave breaker strategies
35. Set-up an SMS hotline number for violation reporting 65. Enhancement of exisiting cemeteries instead of relocation
36. Provision of CCTV cameras at public places 66. Improvement of sea transport and conversion to renewable energy
37. Upgrading of Tricycles into those that run with renewable energy 67. Revitalization of access roads to tourist sites
38. Equip public utility vehicles with GPS devices 68. Implementation of easements on water bodies
39. Digitize transport management system 69. Elevate living spaces above flood line
40. Enhancement of tricycle design
41. In-island mass transport system, e.g. tramway system
42. Improve mobile network coverage
43. Set-up a centralized digital payment system
44. Create a mobile application for the island
45. Transfer all water activities into the mainland
46. Acquire lands for commercial and transport complex
47. Implementation of 12-meter road transport corridor
48. Implementation of 20-meter road transport corridor
49. Implementation of 30-meter road transport corridor
50. Designation of Loading and Unloading Zones
51. Air quality management
52. Formulation and enforcement of traffic management and rerouting
plan
53. Construction of slope protection on hillside roads
54. Marine and coastal resources protection
55. Acquire lands for housing project
56. Disaster risk assessment
57. Assessment of vulnerability to the impacts of climate change
58. Integration of DRRM and CCA analysis and plans in land use and
water use planning and sectoral development plans
59. Establishment of MDRRM Center
60. Identification and establishment of Community Centers in the
mainland
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
7.3 Tourism Development Framework
ABLE TO... MAINTAIN...
The Tourism Development Framework shall be consistent with
the future proofing of Boracay Island, as well as open up the Handle Market Growth Quality of Destination
mainland to the opportunities brought about by tourism.
Protect the Environment
Despite of the 6-month closure of Boracay Island, the market
Environmental Integrity and
demand and the growth of the tourism industry will persist and
Ecosystem Services
always threaten to bring in unwanted impacts and management
challenges. One cannot deny the future of Boracay that has Manage Dev’t Growth
RESULTING TO
a growing number of visitors that will result to an increase in
population, impacts and demand for social and industry services. SUSTAINED: Socio-cultural Fibers
Minimize Dev’t. and Tourist
The illustration on the right should provide the framework on how • Economic Growth
Impacts
the visions of the future should be addressed in order to protect • Environmental Quality
the gains brought about by tourism as well as the environmental • Top Tourist Destination
and the social well-being of the local communities, both on the Economic Role of Tourism
Dissipate Tourist and Dev’t. • Community Well-being
Island and in the mainland.
Concentration

High-quality Visitor
Prevent Congestion Experience

Manage Service Providers Seamless Visitor Movement

Figure 7.11 Tourism Development Framework

Municipality of Malay
207
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
7.4 Development Phasing Plan
Table 7.1 Development Phasing Plan for the TRIP Components

TOURISM RENEWAL
PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES
INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
(TRIP) COMPONENTS IMMEDIATE SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(FIRST 100 DAYS) (1-5 YEARS) (5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
Boracay Tourism Renewal Plan • The established beach setback of 25+5 • Boat capacity will have to be increased • Implementation of cable car system (See TRIP • Implementation of the bridge connection
meters shall be maintained in all shorefronts which would mean changing the types of boat #3) between Boracay Island and mainland
of Boracay Island. All artificial interventions providing the commuter service to the island. Malay
such as solid and vegetation fencing shall
be removed. Property markers set up in the
beach areas such as bamboo stakes shall
be removed. Only natural vegetation shall be
allowed to be maintained in the setback zone.
Artificial vegetation designed to prevent public
access shall be dismantled

• The existing beach paths shall be extended

by at least five (5) meters seaward, where
applicable. This is to improve tourist movement,
prevent congestion, and improve their site
experience. No establishment shall be allowed
to set up any table or control instrument that
would prevent people from freely utilizing the
paths. Ambulant services shall not be allowed
within the path.

• Open and protected areas shall be free from

any privately-controlled structures and would
allow unhampered access by the general
public. No business establishment shall be
allowed in the diminishing protected and open
spaces within the island.
Bridge Connection • Preparation of Concept schemes.
• Social acceptance of the project
Cable Car • Preparation of Concept schemes.
• Social acceptance of the project
• Preliminary study and selection of locations,
areas for alignment section and other detail
needed to prepare conceptual plans
• Preparation and endorsement of planning
and zoning permits
• Tendering/competition for design/architecture
and selection of main contractor
• Preparation of technical plans, costing,
communications, etc.
• Approval of the project
• Conducting of hydrologic and geological • Project Construction and Operation
condition of the selected alignment. • Optional construction of monorail integrated
• Preparation of initial development plans. into bridge design
• Detailed Engineering design.
•,Construction planning of the cable car system
•,Construction of cable car system
• Safety approval
• Training of operators and service staff
• Operation

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 TRIP COMPONENT
Arterial and Connector Roads
IMMEDIATE
(FIRST 100 DAYS)
• Conduct immediate study and collaboration
with all agencies concerned (DPWH, LGU
Planning and Design Department, etc…)
• Inventory of existing road network conditions
and gaps
SHORT TERM
(1-5 YEARS)
Roads must have to secure right of way and considering
the full RROW projected; otherwise LGU has to implement
the RROW as setback for developments.
• Boracay Island - 12-meter RROW road transportation
corridor
• Mainland Malay - expansion of 6-meter roads to 12
meter road transportation corridor
MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
Major roads and arterial roads must be completed and
open. It may not be necessary that full width already
constructed but shall be ready for future expansion.
Drainage must be included in the first development phase
and considered in the design of any road sections.

Housing Projects • Identification of location considering the
proposed land use must be completed.Initial
design concepts must be ready.
• Detailed design must be completed and start the initial
phase of construction. Development must be similar to
the phasing and development or progress of business
as projected
• Acquisition of lands for development of socialized
housing

Commercial and Transport Complex
Detailed study within this period shall be
implemented to determine the type of locator
that will be incorporated within the transport
terminal complex. The study shall include the
projected maximum peak arrival and departure
of passengers.
• Determine possible access for pedestrians,
including beach access, sidewalks, and bike
lanes.
• LGU should acquire lands for the commercial and
transport complex.
• Transport complex shall be implemented in full
construction within this period.
• Encourage walking by creating more footpaths and
elevated walkways.
• Introduce pedestranization of small capacity roads.

• Inventory of fossil-fuel powered vehicles, • Wooden boardwalks for the use of pedestrians and
including both land and water transport cyclists on the beach front

•Temporary pontoon at stations 1, 2, and 3 for • Boat capacity will also have to be increased which
6 months while drainage and sewage line are would require changing the types of boats providing
being fixed. the commuter services to the island.

• “No parking space, no vehicle registration”
policy/ordinance
• Identify possible public access to beach,
preferably every 400 meters
• Signages that depict tricycle fares shall be
prominently-displayed, and individuals will be
encouraged to report illegal fare systems. The LGU
must ensure that every report

Waterfront Development
Study must be done to verify the hydrologic
condition to start the conceptual approach of
the appropriate design. Conduct a study on
what protection system will be most efficient
and economical and to what extent will this be
constructed. To avoid any intervention on the
water behaviour and condition structure to be
built must be elevated.
Within this period the implementation of shore protection
shall be completed. Preliminary development of tourism
infrastructure shall coincide with the development
phasing based on population and economic growth.
• The existing beach paths shall be extended by
at least 5 meter seaward. This is to improve tourist
movement, prevent congestion, and improve their site
experience.

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 TRIP COMPONENT
Circumferential and Access Roads
IMMEDIATE SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(FIRST 100 DAYS) (1-5 YEARS) (5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
Provision of detailed plan and securing of This is necessary for immediate implementation Transportation corridors should have used the whole
RROW. Full access or ROW shall be provided to anticipate growth and increase of tourist. RROW. There should be 1/3 space for people
or secured in the earliest possible time to Circumferential roads shall be established for (sidewalks and bikelanes), 1/3 for landscaping, and
ensure full compliance to environmental laws. fast movement. 1/3 for vehicles. Lanes for mass transits are also
Transportation corridors should incoporate recommended.
landscaping and utilities, and allocate adequate
space for pedestrian sidewalks and bike lanes.
Sidewalks should be unobstructed.

For Mainland Malay, 20-meter RROW for

new roads and 30-meter RROW for main
roads should be secured, while Boracay
Island should fully implement its 12-meter
transportation corridor.

Boracay Sewerage and Drainage
System
This must be completed within the shortest This is necessary for immediate implementation
possible time to accommodate all existing to anticipate growth and increase of tourist.
establishments and promote environmental Circumferential roads shall be established for
compliance. The capacity of treatment plants fast movement
must be at least 30% above the calculated
daily discharge to anticipate breakdown or
maintenance of plants and equipment. Multiple
and looping facilities for STP is recommended
for Boracay island.

Drainage system must be designed and

constructed to accommodate the full
development projections. Drainage must
comply with at least to the 50-year return period
for flooding. Sewerage must be designed to
accommodate phasing simultaneous with the
development phasing.

Mainland Sewerage and Drainage
System
Full study of the waterways, its condition, and
capacity to convey and discharge storm water.
Drainage must be given full consideration prior
to implementation of full development. Drainage
must be in place and incorporated in all road
development to avoid rework and damage to
the concreted or develop sections.
Sewer lines must be simultaneously laid on
all major roads and arteries to avoid rework
on road concreting. Sewer pipelines shall
be computed based on the development of
land use to its maximum projection. Treatment
plants shall be developed and constructed
ahead of the population and economic growth
projections while the equipment can be installed
in phases depending on the needs.
Sewer system shall be upgraded or simultaneously
built according to the projected phasing and
projection of population growth. Structures can
be constructed earlier with room for upgrading of
additional equipment to accommodate the future
demands.

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 TRIP COMPONENT
Commercial and Transport Complex
Waterfront Development
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
IMMEDIATE
(FIRST 100 DAYS)
Detailed studies within this period shall be
implemented to determine the type of locator
that will be incorporated within the transport
terminal complex. The study shall include
the projected maximum peak arrival and
departure of passengers.
• Determine possible access for pedestrians,
including beach access, sidewalks, and
bike lanes.
• Inventory of fossil-fuel powered vehicles,
including both land and water transport
•Temporary pontoon at stations 1, 2, and 3
for 6 months while drainage and sewage line
are being fixed.
• No parking space, no vehicle registration.
• Identify possible public access to beach,
preferably every 400 meters.
Studies must be done to verify the hydrologic
condition to start the conceptual approach of
the appropriate design. Conduct a study on
what protection system will be most efficient
and economical and to what extent will this
be constructed. Without any intervention on
the water behaviour and condition structure to
be built must be elevated.
SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(1-5 YEARS) (5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
• Transport complex shall be implemented in
full construction within this period.
• Encourage walkign by creating more
footpaths and elevated walkways
• Introduce pedestranization of small
capacity roads
• Wooden boardwalks for the use of
pedestrians and cyclists on the beach front
• Boat capacity will also have to be increased
which would require changing the types of
boats providing the commuter services to the
island
• Signages that depict tricycle fares shall be
prominently-displayed, and individuals will
be encouraged to report illegal fare systems.
The LGU must ensure that every report
Within this period the implementation of shore
protection shall be completed. Preliminary
development of tourism infrastructure shall
coincide with the development phasing
based on population and economic growth.
• The existing beach paths shall be
extended by at least 5 meter seaward,
This is to improve tourist movement,
prevent congestion, and improve their site
experience.
211
Table 7.2 Development Phasing Plan for other recommendations, programs, projects, and activities per sector

OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS, PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES

SECTOR IMMEDIATE SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(FIRST 100 DAYS) (1-5 YEARS) (5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
Solid Waste Management • Waste Segregation Program • No-Plastic Policy • Investment to Waste-to-Energy alternative
• Zero Waste Programs • Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) in each energy technology
• 4R’s: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Refuse barangay
• Provision of Waste Bins in Public Areas • Study and identification of an alternative
location for the sanitary landfill
• Development of treatment plant for sanitary
landfill

Environment • Conduct study on Boracay Island’s carrying • Inventory of endemic plants and animals and • Restoration of forestlands and wetlands
capacity their habitats • Mangrove reforestation
• Air quality management at landfill site, airport, • Declaration of environmental critical areas • Construction of mangrove park
and bus terminals and environmental critical projects • Agro-forestry Pilot Projects per Forest Type
• Organization of Marine Protected Area
Management System
• Construction of slope protection on hillside
roads
• Marine and coastal resources protection

Transportation and Mobility • Formulation and enforcement of traffic • Boats and tricycles should be upgraded into • Conversion of road transport corridors along
management and rerouting plan those that run on renewable energy (ie.g., solar, coastal barangays into tramway system
• Designation of Loading and Unloading Zones electricity)
• Equip public utility vehicles with GPS devices
• Digitize transport management system
• Expand the Caticlan Jetty Port
• Relocate RORO port terminal
• Upgrade airport to cater to international flights

Safety and Security • Construction of Life Guard stations in coastal
barangays
• Setup CCTV Cameras in Public Places
• Streetlights should be provided along roads
and sidewalks.
• Construction of Fire Stations
• Construction of Police Stations and Detention
Area
• Drafting of policies to control visitor entry
• Setup an emergency hotline for all
barangays
• All barangays should setup an SMS hotline
number for violation reporting

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism

SECTOR
Disaster Risk Reduction
Management
Tourism
Social (Education, Health
and Sanitation, etc.)
Agriculture
Land Use and Planning
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
IMMEDIATE
(FIRST 100 DAYS)
• Disaster-risk Assessment for all Barangays
DRR-CCA Trainings and seminars
• DRR-CCA Public awareness programs
• Development of an Early warning system
• Establish a main tourist center
• Establish tourist assistance centers
• Establish a main tourist center
OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS, PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES
SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(1-5 YEARS) (5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
• Assessment of Vulnerability to the Impacts of Climate
Change
• Integration of Protected Area management plans,
DRRM and CCA analysis and plans in land use and
water use planning (CLUP) and sectoral development
plans (CDP)
• Establishment of MDRRM Center, evacuation routes
and evacuation centers
• Development of riverside protection and easement
• Flood control, drainage and septage system
• Cave resource management
• Dive site management
• Tourist information and education program
• B&B/ Homestay program in coastal barangays
• Expansion of Motag live musuem and Ati live
museum
• Upgrade airport to cater to international flights
• Transfer all water sports activities into the mainland
• Construction a Community Hospital • Construction a Level-2 Hospital
• Masterplan of University Town • Construction a Level-3 Hospital
• Construction of Colleges and Secondary Schools
• Construction of University of Malay
• Study and promotion of diversification of crops and
multiple/alternate cropping systems, corporate and
cooperative farming with soil and water conservation
measures
• Farm Irrigation System
• Establishment of MDRRM Center, evacuation routes
and evacuation centers
• Development of riverside protection and easement
• Cave resource management
• Dive site management
• Tourist information and education program
• B&B/ Homestay program in coastal barangays
• Expansion of Motag live musuem and Ati live
museum
• Upgrade airport to cater to international flights
• Transfer all water sports activities into the mainland
213
 OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS, PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES
SECTOR IMMEDIATE SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(FIRST 100 DAYS) (1-5 YEARS) (5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
Water Resource Management • Communal waste water treatment • Protection of surface and ground water
• Water quality monitoring system, including beach front sources
areas
• Development of water sources and Provision of water
supply lines to barangays with no access to piped water
supply
• Establishment of a rainwater harvesting facility

Land Use/Planning and Visual
Aesthetic
• Demolition of billboards and other visually • Masterplan of New Urban Center • Offshore Land Recovery
polluting elements • Identification and Establishment of Community Centers
• Policy on Advertisements
• Enhancement of Environmental Wayfinding and
Signages

Governance • Human resource development • Integrated land information system monitoring,

assessment and disposition
• Information and data management
• Improvement of government facilities and vehicles

Others • Promote energy-saving technologies in building • Relocation of utility wires to underground

construction, operation and administration in all barangays
• Livelihood development with marketing and financial
support in the least developed barangays
• Improve mobile network coverage
• Create a mobile application for the island
• Set-up a centralized payment system

Water Resource Management

Municipality of Malay
214
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 TRIP COMPONENT
Tambisaan Tourist Docking Area
Bel-At Tourist Docking Area
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
IMMEDIATE
(FIRST 100 DAYS)
• Detailed study and development of
the docking areas shall be implemented
immediately to accommodate the already
increasing tourist arrivals.
• Allocated area must have sufficient room for • Navigation routes should also be studied and
future expansion requirement.
• Find a more suitable area for docking.
SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
(1-5 YEARS) (5-10 YEARS) (10-25 YEARS)
• Sustainable design solutions should be
applied architecturally, for example: use of stilts
or elevated platforms to avoid intrusion into the
natural sand and avoiding the use of concrete
so not to destroy the sand.
strictly followed to avoid the marine habitats
present under surface.
• Redesign the Docking Area. Aesthetically, the
port should adopt a tropical look. Noise should
be regulated as well. Entry should be limited.
215
Municipality of Malay
217
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Matrix of Ordinances and Policies
DAO 2009-09 Construction Guide-
lines in Protected Areas
Adopted 20-Aug-09
Any infrastructure should
follow the policies on
easements, i.e. they should
be at least 40 m away from
River Easement
the highest high water mark;
20 m from the edge of the
riverbank or 3 m from the
edge of any existing creek
Coastal Easement
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Forestry Reform Exec-
National Building Code of the Phil- Procla-
Water Code of the Philippines Department of Environment and Code of the utive CLUP Vol. 3 - Boracay Zoning Ordinance
Department of Tourism Municipal Ordinance ippines mation
(PD 1067) Natural Resources Philippines Order M.O. 280
(PD 1096) 1064
(PD 705) 621
31-Dec-76
The banks or rivers and
streams and the shores
of the seas and lakes A green easement along Malay River,
throughout their entire Nabaoy River, Napaan River, Putol River,
length and within a zone Lupolupo Creek, Banga Creek, and all other
The banks of rivers and streams
of 3 m in urban areas, 20 natural waterways shall be maintained. A
throughout their entire length and
m in agricultural areas and minimum easement of three (3) meters from
within a zone of three (3) meters in
40 m in forest areas, along existing banks of these natural waterways
developed areas; and forty (40)
their margins are subject to shall be assigned as a green easement
meters in forest areas, along their
the easement of public use that is landscaped or planted with grass,
margins, are subject to easement
in the interest of recreation, ornamentals and trees and free of built
of public use in the interest of
navigation, flotage, fishing, permanent structures. Should there be a
recreation, navigation, floatage,
and salvage. No person change in the existing shoreline or banks of
fishing and salvage.
shall be allowed to stay the rivers, the easement shall be construed
in this zone longer than as moved and adjusted with the actual
what is necessary for riverbanks or shorelines.
recreation, navigation,
flotage, fishing or salvage
For Boracay: Municipal Ordinance No.
All beaches throughout the island
96-97, Section 1-2: No structures of any
must be preserved and conserved.
kind shall be constructed and operated 25
Department of tourism Under DENR The 25 meter easement currently
meters from the mean high water
(DOT) has created a design Administrative Order No. prevailing will be retained for all
mark (established by the DOT). This
for setback along beach 97-05, there should be a developed beaches. For new
will be referred to as the No Build
fronts, which starts from the 20-meter easement from development, beach easement
Zone. There shall be a 5-meter setback
edge of vegetation. DOT the edge of the high-water will be the entire sandy portion of
from the no build zone observed.
standards stipulates that line. Vegetative cover the beach from the mean high
there must be a 30-meter should be kept, and no water mark to solid natural ground
For Mainland: Municipal Ordinance No. 198,
wide easement zone from structures shall be built in but not less than 25 meters.
S. 2003: Mandatory setback of 5 meters
edge of vegetation. this area
from any natural embankment of waterways,
Lookout towers should be provided
swamps, estuaries, lakes, and the likes.
every 33 ft (90m)
219
 Forestry Reform Exec-
National Building Code of the Phil- Procla-
DAO 2009-09 Construction Guide- Water Code of the Philippines Department of Environment and Code of the utive CLUP Vol. 3 - Boracay Zoning Ordinance
Department of Tourism Municipal Ordinance ippines mation
lines in Protected Areas (PD 1067) Natural Resources Philippines Order M.O. 280
(PD 1096) 1064
(PD 705) 621

This are is the 30 meter easement along

the coastline of Boracay Island as specified
in Proclamation 1064 of 2006. As legally
defined under the Proclamation, the 30 meter
easement is part of the classified forestland
and is not subject therefore to alienation.

GEO-MARINE AQUA PARK – An area

of twenty (20) hectares located at four
hundred (400) meters off-shore the long
beach from Friday’s Beach Resort and One
White Beach Resort to Station 1, Barangay
Balabag, Boracay Island.Water utilization
and activities in the GAP are defined in
Municipal 281 series of 2009.
The 40-meter easement shall also
be observed around escarpments,
waterfalls, natural caves, and
similar geological formations;

Mandatory five-meter easement on

both sides of the Philippine Fault Line
and such other fault traces on the
ground identified by Phivolcs; and,
Other Easements/ Setbacks

There shall be utility easement

of 15 meters along power
transmission lines or around
power substations, five (5) meter
easement along water distribution
lines, and one hundred (100) meter
easement around water sources.

The main characteristics

of the landscape (site
topography) should be
recorded. The nature of
site boundaries with the
characteristics of adjoining
development will determine
the points of access to the
Landscaping
site and will influence the
road planning and laying
out of infrastructure within the
site. They will also determine
the degree to which the
site can be linked to or
separated from adjoining
development.

Municipality of Malay
220
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Forestry Reform Exec-
National Building Code of the Philip- Procla-
DAO 2009-09 Construction Guide- Water Code of the Philippines Department of Environment and Code of the utive CLUP Vol. 3 - Boracay Zoning Ordinance
Department of Tourism Municipal Ordinance pines mation
lines in Protected Areas (PD 1067) Natural Resources Philippines Order M.O. 280
(PD 1096) 1064
(PD 705) 621

Municipal Ordinance 2001-131 The maximum height and

(Amendment of Municipal Ordinance No. number of storeys of every
96-97): The following will be the maximum building shall be dependent Section 13. Use Regulations in
height limit for structures with roof deck in upon the character of General Commercial Zone (GCZ)
Construction of high
Boracay (Municipal Ordinance No. 96-97): occupancy and the type of GNTC Zone shall be for business/
structures should be
Rule of Thumb for - 5 meters from “No-Build Zone”: 1 construction as determined trade/service uses. Within the
avoided. The maximum
Coastal Resorts: Building storey structure (5 meters) by the Secretary considering zone the following types of
height of any building or
heights should be - 10 meters from “No-Build Zone”: 1 population density, building establishments shall be allowed:
structure shall be 10.00 m
restricted to the height of storey structure (6 meters) bulk, widths of streets and car
Height Restrictions from the Natural Ground
surrounding vegetation. - 15 meters from “No-Build Zone”: 2 parking requirements. The 1. Offices like:
Line (NGL) to the roof top or
storey structure (8.5 meters) height shall be measured from
highest part of the building/
Buildings must also respect - 25 meters from “No-Build Zone”: 2 the highest adjoining sidewalk a. office facilities not
structure. Said structure
site topography. storey structure (10.5 meters) or ground surface: Provided, more than 14 meters high
should not interfere with the
- 65 meters from “No-Build Zone”: 3 that the height measured b. office condominium,
profile of the landscape.
storey structure (12 meters) from the lowest adjoining no more than 14 meters high
surface shall not exceed such
maximum height by more than
3.00 meters:
The following will be the maximum height
limit for structures with normal roof in Except, that towers, spires,
Boracay: and steeples, erected as part
- 5 meters from “No-Build Zone”: 1 of a building and not used
storey structure (6 meters) for habitation or storage are
- 15.1 meters from “No-Build Zone”: limited as to height only by
2 storey structure (8.5 meters) structural design if completely
- 25.1 - 50 meters from “No-Build of incombustible materials, or
Zone”: 2 storey structure (10.5 meters) may extend not to exceed 6.00
- 150 meters from “No-Build Zone”: 3 meters above the height limits
storey structure (14 meters) – provided that for each occupancy group if of
there is 100-meter combustible materials.
distance from center of road.
No attics are allowed.

Municipal Ordinance 267 The setback requirements and

maximum height limits for all buildings shall be as follows:
- The maximum height of buildings that may be constructed
from the building line measured inland up to fifteen (15) meters
away therefrom shall not be higher than six (6) meters tall.
- The maximum height of buildings that may be constructed within the area
of fifteen (15) and one tenth (15.1) meters to forty (40) meters away from the
building line measured inland shall be not be higher than the imaginary straight
line drawn from the highest permissible height of six (6) meters at the fifteen (15)
meters area and the highest permissible height of fourteen (14) meters at the forty
and one tenth (40.1) meters area both measured inland from the building line.
- The maximum height of building that may be constructed from forty and
one tenth (40.1) meters and beyond measured inland from the building line, shall
not be more than fourteen (14) meters.

Municipality of Malay
221
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Forestry Reform Exec-
National Building Code of the Phil- Procla-
DAO 2009-09 Construction Guide- Water Code of the Philippines Department of Environment and Code of the utive CLUP Vol. 3 - Boracay Zoning Ordinance
Department of Tourism Municipal Ordinance ippines mation
lines in Protected Areas (PD 1067) Natural Resources Philippines Order M.O. 280
(PD 1096) 1064
(PD 705) 621

Municipal Ordinance 328 increases the

height limit of structures in Boracay given
the influx of tourists and transient residents.
- Maximum height limit for lot areas of
5,000 sqm. – 2 Has., and 100 meters from
buffer zone shall be 16-meters (5 storeys).
- Maximum height limit for lot areas of
2 hectares and above, and 100 meters from
buffer zone shall be 20-meters (6 storeys).
- Given that these structures have
a setback of 12.5 meters from center of the
road.
A minimum buffer of 6 meters shall be
provided along entire boundary length
A minimum buffer of three (3) meters shall
between two or more conflicting zones
be provided along the entire boundary
allocating 3 meters from each side of the
length between two (2) or more conflicting
zone boundary. Such buffer strip should
zones allocating 1.5 meters from each
be open and not encroached upon by any
Buffer Regulations side of the zone boundary, as needed.
building or structure and should be a part
Such buffer strip should be open and
of the yard or open space. The easement
not encroached upon by any building or
and buffer zone of other utilities shall adopt
structure and should be part of the yard or
any applicable laws, rules or regulations, or
open space.
in the absence of the same, shall be set by
other municipal ordinance.
The wetlands and mangroves in the
island must be preserved and conserved
in their entirety. A Buffer zone of 3.0 meters
surrounding the wetlands and mangroves
must be observed wherein permanent
structures of any kind will be strictly
prohibited.
Flooring of vertical
infrastructure shall be of
suspended type and style,
elevated by at least 1.0 m
from the ground, for flat areas.

The façade should blend

Form and Design with the surrounding area
to complement the natural
landscape. The emphasis
on the design is that the
structure should harmonize
with the area and its cultural
resources in proportion,
color, and texture.
The boardwalk should be
above the highest high water
Boardwalk Provisions
level during high tide or flood
period.

Municipality of Malay
222
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Forestry Reform Exec-
National Building Code of the Phil- Procla-
DAO 2009-09 Construction Guide- Water Code of the Philippines Department of Environment and Code of the utive CLUP Vol. 3 - Boracay Zoning Ordinance
Department of Tourism Municipal Ordinance ippines mation
lines in Protected Areas (PD 1067) Natural Resources Philippines Order M.O. 280
(PD 1096) 1064
(PD 705) 621

Municipal Ordinance No. 307:

Section 2: Mandatory Construction and
Solid waste management Maintenance of Sewerage Treatment
should be practiced to Plant. Except for those who are able to
ensure the protection of connect to the existing sewer pipeline, the
the health of protected owners/operators of the following shall be
area visitors as well as the required to construct and maintain their own
sanitation of the site. Possible sewerage treatment plant in Boracay Island:
Utilities options irlclude provision
(Solid Waste Management,
Sewerage, etc.) of solid waste containers, All commercial establishments, commercial
Material Recovery Facility complexes or buildings, hotels, lodging
(MRF) for temporary houses, and other establishments
storage of recyclable providing accommodations with more
materials, and compost pit than Twenty (20) rooms, facilities and/or
for biodegradable wastes. structures including those which are under
construction in Boracay Island which
are located more than Sixty-One (61)
meters from any available sewer pipeline;
Section 3: Those structures within the
61-meter zone but below the available
sewer pipeline or in a situation where
connection is highly improbable because
of elevation, shall be required to construct
and maintain a standard septic tank.
The probability or improbability of
connection shall be determined by
the Wastewater Management Council.

Malay Zoning Ordinance No. 337: The nearest edge of all buildings
Source: DPWH and structures temporary or
permanent that may be constructed
Setback
along the main road shall be at least
six (6) meters from the center of the
road.
15-20
RROW 12 m 30 m
m

Municipality of Malay
223
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
“Coastal Waters of Boracay”:

15 16 Water Quality Dynamics and Nutrient Loading in Boracay Waters

Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue 2-2016: 15-29 ISSN 0119-1144 considered the gem of tourism not only in the Philippines
Water Quality and Nutrient Loading in the Coastal but globally. It remained on the top as one of the most
visited tourists’ beach destinations in the world (Trousdale
Waters of Boracay Island, Malay, Aklan, Central 1999). In 2015, tourism contribution (where Boracay
JESAM
Philippines tourism is a stellar performer) to Gross Domestic Product is
8.2% (Recide 2016). Thus, government and private sectors
are interested to address the environmental problems
ABSTRACT confronting the island to sustain the tourism industry.

This study analyzed the water quality dynamics in the coastal zone of Boracay Vilma G. Limates1
Island in relation to anthropogenic activities and natural factors. Seven sites were studied Virginia C. Cuevas2
where possible sources of nutrient inputs on spatial and temporal basis were identified. Edwin Benigno3
Water samples were evaluated using the Philippine Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR) regulatory standards. The coastal water quality was generally 1
Management Services Division,
influenced by nutrient loading coming from untreated and partially treated waste water PENRO Guimaras, Department of
from households and commercial establishments not connected to the sewerage system
Environment and Natural Resources,
of the island. Natural cleansing mechanisms attributed to activities of autotrophs in Guimaras, Western Visayas; University
the coastal water and biogeochemical processes of mangrove swamps are operational. of the Philippines Los Baños, College,
Coastal waters adjacent to mangrove swamp impoverished of mangrove trees showed Laguna, Philippines 4031
poor water quality, while coastal water adjacent to mangrove swamp with relatively 2
College of Arts and Sciences,
good mangrove cover exhibited good water quality. The months of February to June with University of the Philippines Los
highest number of tourist arrival proved to be the critical periods. Lugotan Cove close Banos, College,
to Mangrove Swamp 6 impoverished of trees was the critical area in the Island. Puka Laguna 4031, Philippines
Beach close to Mangrove Swamp 1 with good mangrove cover showed the cleanest water 3
Center for Agricultural Research in
quality, followed by Long Beach with most of the commercial establishments connected Environmental Studies, New Era
to the sewerage system. University, Quezon City
*corresponding author:
Key words: nutrient inputs, Boracay Island, water quality coralvgl@yahoo.com
INTRODUCTION
Boracay Island is located between 11°57’ – 12°00’ of the southern block is again dominated by high relief reef
latitude and 121°56’ - 121°57’ longitude off the north- coralline limestone (Boracay Environmental Master Plan
western tip of Panay in the Western Visayas (Figure 1). 2008).
The land mass measures 6.8 km long by 3.3 km at its
widest distance, rising to elevations ranging from 50 to 105 The island ecosystem showcases coastal sub-
m above average sea level (asl). It has only a thin layer ecosystems of mangroves, seagrasses, coral reefs and
of topsoil covering coralline limestone called Karstic soil soft bottom communities. Rapid population growth,
(MGB 2012), a porous material, which domestic wastes unplanned developments, irresponsible tourism activities,
and effluents can easily penetrate and cause contamination and reclamation of mangrove areas are some of the major
of both the groundwater and the coastal waters (Trousdale reasons of the degradation of the mangrove swamps (DENR
1997; O’driscoll and Parizek 2009). The topsoil is 6, Boracay Wetland Assessment Report 2009). The lack of
hydrosol type associated with the mangroves swamps and appropriate sanitation facilities and improper solid waste
other wetland forms. The northern and southern portions management practices, made the mangrove swamps as liquid
of the island are hilly and are generally of clay loam and solid waste catchment areas of informal settlers. One
type. The general topographic feature of the island in its consequence of such rapid unplanned development is the
present landform appears to be divided into three major deteriorating coastal water quality manifested by reports of
sections (Figure 2), as follows: The northern block, which coliform counts, pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
is about half of the island, is portrayed by prominent high and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels beyond government
relief reef coralline limestone at its northern and southern standards (DENR, EMB, WV. As early as 1996, scientific
ends; The mid-section of the island is mainly underlain analysis by Lujan (2003) confirmed an excessive nutrient
by alluvial deposits of coarse-to fine-grained sand to silt- loading in the coastal water of the Boracay Island. The lack
sized, milled coralline limestone; The southwest flank of proper sewage and waste water treatment system (LGU
Figure 1. Map of the Philippines showing the location of
Boracay Island (2012).
2012; BIWC, 2012; Boracay Master Plan 2008) was one of
the identified causes of this environmental problem which
if not properly addressed will cause further deterioration
whereby the above mentioned parameters exceed the
marine water quality thresholds. Leaching of nutrients
from the source to coastal waters can reach up to 150 m,
a characteristic of the hydrological chain in Karstic soil
(O’driscoll and Parizek 2009) which compose the Boracay
Island (Mines and Geo-sciences Bureau 2012).
In 2012, a total number of 340 resorts, hotels, cottages,
lodging house and apartments in the Island are registered in
the Municipality of Malay (LGU Malay 2012). Many of
them are connected to BIWC sewerage system except for
some big hotels and resorts that have their own Sewerage
Treatment Plant (STP). As per DENR record, there are 77
establishments that are conducting monthly desludging
activity, while there are ten big resorts that were issued with
discharge permit. There are still six others with standing
application (DENR, EMB Region VI 2012).
The coastal water quality of Boracay Island is
everybody’s interest considering its status as renowned
tourists’ beach destination in the world. Its environmental
condition can make or unmake Boracay Island. It is
This study tried to determine the sources of coastal
water pollution and how nutrient loading and other relevant
factors affect the coastal water quality of the Island. It is
expected to provide empirical data that can serve as guide
to policy makers and implementors on proper actions and
proactive management measures to rehabilitate and improve
the water quality, and help identify priority sites where the
reductions would be the most beneficial.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Conduct of Ecological Survey
Boracay Island coastline was once covered with
considerable area of mangroves. However due to massive
unplanned developments it is now left with patches of
mangrove swamps. Wetland assessment conducted by
DENR, Region VI in 2009 revealed remnants of four
mangrove swamps showing varied biophysical condition.
Some areas have relatively profuse growth of mangrove
trees with slight development while other areas are highly
impoverished. Thus selection of the study sites was based
on the type of the adjacent land use of coastal area in
terms of mangrove swamp condition and the presence of
households and commercial establishments connected or
not connected to the sewerage system. These conditions
served as basis for comparing the coastal water quality at
the different study sites (Table 1).
A periphery of 150 meters around the mangrove
swamps and 150 meters from the shoreline were used as
reference points, respectively for the mangrove swamps
and beaches (Puka Beach, Bulabog Beach and Long Beach)
in the determination of sources of pollution to the studied
sites. The reckoning point was based on the study of
O’Driscoll and Parizek (2003), stating that a Karstic soil has
a 150 meters distance of hydrological chain. Parameters to
characterize the biophysico-chemical quality of the coastal
waters were analyzed.
Site 1 (Figure 2) is mangrove swamp 1 or wetland 1
(referred to as source) per DENR VI survey map of wetland
areas in 2009. It is located at 11o59’47.7”N; 121o54’55.1”E
and is adjacent to the main road of Yapak Village and has

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Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue No. 2 2016 17 18 Water Quality Dynamics and Nutrient Loading in Boracay Waters

Table 1. Summary of the salient features of the seven study sites in Boracay Island, (2012).
Study Sites Descriptions
Study Site 1 Mangrove swamp 1 as referred in
this study.
This is wetland 1 per DENR
6-Survey of wetland areas in
Boracay Island.
Study Site 2 Referred as “Source” in this study
Puka Beach located in Yapak
Village.
Study Site 3 Bulabog Beach located in Balabag
Village
Also called the back beach
Study Site 4 Referred to as “Source” in this
study
Mangrove swamp 6 per DENR 6,
Survey of wetland areas in Bora-
cay Island
Study Site 5 Referred to as “Transition Area”
in this study, located in Balabag
Village
Study Site 6 Lugotan Cove, located in Manoc-
manoc Village. Referred to as the
repository area of waters from
mangrove swamp 6
Study Site 7 Long Beach
Salient Features
Adjacent to Puka Beach, Brgy. Yapak
Area = 5.31 ha
Approximately 49% (2.58 has) of the mangrove swamp was converted into
residential areas
Approximately 51% (2.73 has) was still covered by mangrove trees
Adjacent to mangrove swamp 1 Named after “puka” shells abundantly found on
the beach. No houses and big resorts immediately adjacent to the beach.
Covered with vast area of seagrass beds
Discharge area of two drainage outfalls of Balabag Village and Manoc-manoc
Village.
BIWC outfall of treated sewage, 850- m away from the beach. Docking area of
boats.
An abandoned fishpond area
Approximate area of 3.70 has, 10% of the area is covered with mangroves
A creek is discharging to the wetlands.
Commonly called by the local people as Dead Forest - impoverished of mangrove
trees.
Fishpond dike under the bridge
Exit and entrance of water from the mangrove swamp 6 during low tide and
entrance of sea water during high tide
It is an embayment. Mangrove forest lined the mouth area of the cove.
Approximately covered by 3 hectares of seagrass bed
Outfall of drainage canal of Manoc-manoc Village
4- km fine white sand starting from Angol Point in Manoc-manoc to Fridays area
in Yapak Village
Divided into 3 stations (1, 2, and 3).
Frequently visited by tourists. Most populated portion of Boracay Island

an area of 5.31 ha. It is 10 masl. About 49% (approximately
2.58 ha) of the mangrove swamp was developed into a
residential area by the claimants. The natural creek which
previously connected the mangrove swamp to Puka
Beach was covered due to developments. The remaining
undeveloped portion of the area [51% (2.73 ha)] is a
forested wetland containing mangrove forest. It serves as
water catchment of flood water during heavy rains from
four catchment areas located at the East, West and South
portions of the wetland (DENR VI, Wetland Assessment
Report 2009). There are more or less 260 households
with an estimated population of 1,560 within the 150 m
periphery of the mangrove swamp. Also found in the area
are 42 stores, and six restaurants. Moreover, there are
only two big establishments located near the mangrove
swamp that drained their treated effluent to the wetland
(DENR VI-PAWCZMS Wetland Assessment Report 2009).
Site 2 (Figure 2) Puka Beach is the adjacent coastal
area of the mangrove swamp 1 in Yapak Village. Its water
sampling point is approximately 127 m away from Site
1, situated at 11o58’37.3”N; 121o55’25.8”E. The area has
relatively few establishments compared to other sites which
composed of native cottages, 12 souvenir mini-shops and
one restaurant located at the entrance of the beach.
Site 3 is the Bulabog Beach, or the back beach at
Balabag Village (Figure 2). It is located at 11o58’37.5”N;
121o58’37.5”E. The beach is mostly covered by the vast
area of seagrasses. It serves as docking area of pump
boats during East-North-Eeast wind. Aside from hotels
and resorts, commercial establishments engaged in water
sports are located in the area. Two drainage outfalls that
contained untreated and partially treated sewage discharged
to the beach. The outfalls are waste waters from households
and commercial establishments in Manoc-manoc Village
and Balabag Village not connected to Boracay Integrated
Water Corporation (BIWC) sewerage system. Likewise, the
outfall of the sewage from BIWC is also situated 850 m
away from the shoreline.
Site 4 (referred to as source or wetland 6), (DENR
VI, 2009) is a mangrove swamp located at 11o57’30.9”N;
121o55’45.9”E (Figure 2). It is commonly called “Dead
Figure 2. Geologic and structural map of Boracay Island, Malay, Aklan reflecting the seven study sites, (2012).
Forest” by the local community and only has about 10%
mangrove trees along the periphery. It has an estimated area
of 3.697 ha previously converted into fishpond (presently
abandoned). The Dead Forest served as the catchment area
of surface water, ground water, and sewage from adjacent
communities within and around the mangrove swamp. A
small creek at the south-western part of the Dead Forest
traversing the houses and establishments drains into this
wetland. Located at its elevated portion are the wet market,
stores, restaurants/eatery, pawnshop/jewelry shops, and
parlor and salons. All these establishments are not connected
to a sewerage system, thus all their waste waters drain into
the swamp via the creek.
Site 5 is a Transition Area (Figure 2), located after
the dike connecting the Dead Forest and Lugotan Cove
(Site 6) at Manoc-manoc Village. It is an embayment
which is sporadically covered by seagrass bed. It is located
at 11o57’34.4”N; 121o55’58.3”E and sampling area is
approximately 349 m away from Site 4.
Site 6 is a Repository Area, catchment of water from
Site 4 (Dead Forest/source) and Transition Area (Figure
2), named Lugotan Cove, located at 11o57’27.9”N;
121o55’58.5”E. The sampling point here is 58 m away from
Site 5. Its mouth is located immediately after the Transition
Area (Site 5) is being margined by mangrove forest.

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Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue No. 2 2016
Adjacent to it is about 3-ha seagrass bed. The seagrass
bed is approximately covered by 2 m water column during
high tide and is exposed during lowest low tide. A 500-m
drainage canal traversing the community within wetlands 5
and 7 adjacent to wetland 6 or Site 4 is also discharging in
Lugotan Cove. Sewage of some houses and restaurants and
other establishments are being discharged into the drainage
canal. (Although, wetlands 5 and 7 were not included
in thisstudy, the residential areas and establishments
within them were also accounted in the study).
Site 7 is the 4-km Long Beach and is located at
11o57’15.2”N; 121o55’39.8”E (Figure 2) and is divided
into stations 1, 2 and 3. It is the area of great interest to the
people, since it is always visited by tourists and is the most
populated area.
Water Quality Laboratory Analysis
The water samples were analyzed for the following
parameters: Nitrogen (nitrate), Phosphorus (ortho-
phosphate), pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD),
Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Suspended Solids (TSS),
water temperature (APHA, AWWA, WEF 1995, Eaton
et al. 1998), E. coli and total coli count. Six water
samplings were done bi-monthly in February, April,
June, September4 (for August), October, and December
2012. Collections of samples were mostly done at the
last week of the month except during inclement weather
condition. Thus, samplings were done within the limit
of one week before and after the set schedule, and were
conducted at low tide, usually between 6:30 to 10:00 a.m.
Rainfall higher than 200 mm mo-1 occurred in the
months of May, July, September and November, while
rainfall less than or equal to 200mm mo-1 occurred in the
months of October, December, January, February, March,
April and June (Figure 3) (PAGASA 2012).
The water samples were brought to Boracay Island
Water Corporation (BIWC) laboratory for the analyses
of DO, BOD, TSS, nitrates, phosphates, and pH, while
water temperature was taken in situ using a mercury-filled
Figure 4. Petrifilm method used in the colony count of E. coli/other coliforms in Boracay Island, (2012).
226
19
thermometer. The bacteriological analysis on E. coli, and
total coliform (Figure 4) was conducted by the researcher
using the Petrifilm (http://www.3m.com/3M/enUS/
company-us; Bacteriological Analytical Manual 1998).
Two dilutions with two replicates were made based on the
assumed pollution level of the coastal water.
In order to determine the dynamics of the water
quality in the Island Pearson r correlation using Minitab
version 11 was done to establish association of the different
biophysico-chemical parameters (Table 2). Comparative
analysis between sites and sampling periods was done
through Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) by SAS
PROC GLM using SAS ver. The t-test analysis using Excel
was conducted to determine the influence of seasons to the
result of the parameters analyzed.
Secondary Data Gathering
Secondary data were gathered from concerned
institutions. The information included the various
assessments and monitoring reports from the Departmentof
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and
Department of Tourism (DOT) and Local Government
Units (LGUs). The data were used to initially characterize
the mangrove swamps as well as the island’s coastal waters.
Information on tourist arrivals and related socio-economic
information were also taken from LGU Malay in 2012,
Philippine Tourism Authority (PTA) and DOT. Weather
and climate data such as rainfall and wind patterns were
Figure 3. Amount of monthly rainfall in Boracay Island,
Malay, Aklan, 2012. (Source: PAGASA, Roxas
City station).
20 Water Quality Dynamics and Nutrient Loading in Boracay Waters
Table 2. Summary of parameters analyzed for coastal water quality in Boracay Island, 2012.
Parameters Method Reference or Manifacturer
Nitrate (mgL )-1
Closed Reflux Cell Test MERCK
Phosphate (mgL-1) Closed Reflux Cell Test MERCK
BOD (mgL-1) Respirometric 5210 B 5-Day BOD Test ,APHA AWWA, Standard Method for the examina-
tion of water and waste water
DO (mgL-1) Glass Electrode 4500-O D, APHA AWWA, Standard Method for the examination of water
and waste water
TSS (mgL-1) Gravimetric Method 2540 D, APHA AWWA, Standard Method for the examination of water and
waste water
pH (range) Electrometric 4500-H+ ,APHA AWWA, Standard Method for the examination of water and
waste water
Temperature (°C) Mercury-filled 2550 B, APHA AWWA, Standard Method for the examination of water and
Thermometer waste water
E. coli (CFU mL-1) Petrifilm 3M Microbiology Products
Total Coliform CFU ml-1) Petrifilm 3M Microbiology Products
NPK of coastal sediment OM SA Wildes, P – PCARR, 1980. Standard Methods of Analysis of Soil, Plant Tissue, Water
(OM-%; P-ppm; K-ppm) Olsen’s Method and Fertilizer.
K- Cold H2SO4
taken from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Sewage and Toilet Connection
Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) Roxas
City Station, while geological data were obtained from the Sewerage system service in the Boracay Island
Office of DENR Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB), in was inadequate. Only some areas of the three villages-
Western Visayas, 2012. Manoc manoc, Balabag, and Yapak were served. There
were houses and establishments that only their grey water
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (waste water from kitchen and bathrooms) was connected
to the sewerage system. Data from Boracay Island Water
Sources of Pollution Corporation (BIWC) in 2012 revealed that 28 commercial
establishments and 34 residential buildings in Balabag
The coastal water quality in Boracay Island was Village located within the service area of BIWC were not
basically influenced by natural and anthropogenic sources connected to the sewerage system while only around 167
namely: the inflowing underground water and surface houses within the villages of Balabag and Manoc-manoc
freshwater, the sewage discharge, coastal sea water were connected. Similarly, 21l commercial establishments
dynamics, geological and geographic characteristics of the and 46 residential buildings in Manoc-manoc Village, one
area. The multitude of anthropogenic sources of nutrients commercial establishment and one big resort in Yapak
and other forms of pollution into the mangrove swamps and Village, all within the reach of the sewerage system were
coastal waters came mostly from the partially treated and not also connected. No sewerage system existed in most
untreated domestic waste water generated by the households, part of Yapak Village. Almost all the toilets of houses in
boarding houses, and commercial establishments Mangrove Swamp 1 (Study Site 1) and Mangrove Swamp
particularly those not connected to a sewerage system. 6 (Study Site 4) were not connected to the sewerage system
Other identified sources of pollution were the inorganic and though most of them used septic tanks. Most septic tanks
organic chemical pollutants that are naturally found in the in the Island do not have a properly constructed seepage
environment wherein residues and discharges were brought tile to further purify the effluents (Boracay Environmental
by floods off the mangrove swamps and to the shore. Master Plan 2008). Most likely, high population density
Illegal reclamation and occupation of wetlands (mangrove areas during peak tourist season may cause overflow
swamps) reduced the flood plain areas that collect wastes of septic tanks, thus the grey water of residents of these
where natural biological and chemical processes could have establishments not connected to the sewerage system was
diminished the organic and inorganic load of the waters either discharged to the ground, mangrove swamps or septic
before being discharged to coastal waters. There were tanks and some directly to the drainage canal. All waste
instances that some households and residents mechanically water percolated to the ground and was transported to the
force out flood waters to the sea through the use of water mangrove swamp due to the porosity of the Karstic soil of
pumps (Boracay Environmental Master Plan, 2008). Boracay (Trousdale 1997, MGB, Region VI 2012). Organic
and inorganic wastes were also brought to the coastal areas
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue No. 2 2016 21 22 Water Quality Dynamics and Nutrient Loading in Boracay Waters

through surface runoff during rainy periods. On the other source of DO in the area (Ulrich 1976; Dowling and Wiley Table 4. Water Quality Results (Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD, Nitrate, phosphate, Total
hand, most of the business establishments along the Long 1986; Saffran and Anderson 1997; Huggins and Anderson Suspended Solids (TSS), pH, and Temperature in Seven Sampling Sites at Six Sampling Periods in Boracay
Beach and Bulabog Beach totaling 767 (BIWC 2012) were 2005). Island, (2012).
connected to sewerage system. Many of the big resorts Water Quality Date of Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 (tree- Site 5 Site 6 Site 7 (Long
have their own Sewerage Treatment Pond (STP). Majority At Site 4 – “Dead Forest” or Mangrove Swamp 6, Indicators Water (Mangrove (Puka (Bulabog impoverished (Transition (Lugotan Beach-Front
of resorts and hotels within the service area of BIWC were lowest DO at almost zero was recorded in April sampling Sampling Swamp - 49% Beach) Beach- mangrove area bet site Cove) Beach)
connected to the sewerage system. Few large hotels and period when temperature was highest at 31oC (Table 4). mangrove Front swamp) 4 and 6)
resorts established their own STP. Higher ambient water temperature recorded in this site may cover) Beach)
have caused the rapid decomposition of organic matter in DO (mg L-1) 6.74 7.68 7.73 1.59 6.58 8.08 7.99
Biophysico-chemical Results and Dynamics dry season particularly in the month of April which could BOD (mg L-1) 50 20 50 150 100 100 20
have caused this zero DO level. The super saturation values Nitrate (mg L-1) 3 3 1 5 3 1 2
The physical properties and water chemistry of for dissolved oxygen in the site could also be explained by Phosphate (mg L-1) February 59 0.8 34.3 25.6 62 63.5 20.5
samples from the study sites were discussed with reference the prevailing water condition that enhanced evaporation or TSS (mg L-1) 12, 2016 799 458 455 292 315 365 480
to the geographical, geological and hydrodynamics pH 7.05 6.89 8.12 7.82 8.07 8.11 6.82
favored oxygen to leave the water surface resulting to super
characteristics. The results of the water quality of the Temperature 26.8 28.8 27 28.5 27.5 27.5 29
saturation effect. This is below the ≥5mg L-1 dissolved
study sites were compared as to the purifying effect of DO (mg L-1) 7.14 7.98 7.49 0.07 6.55 6.19 7.19
oxygen normal value for biologically alive water body (DAO
the mangrove swamps. The water quality results were BOD (mg L-1) 30 10 10 250 40 20 20
34 1994). In the absence of oxygen, the decomposition Nitrate (mg L-1) 3 2 3 2 6 8 6
evaluated based on DENR standards per DAO 34, Series of of organic matter by anaerobic bacteria produced many Phosphate (mg L-1) April 27, 3.7 32.6 79 61.9 36.9 72.5 99.1
1990- “Standard for the Classification of Body of Water”. unpleasant odors, i.e. methane, ammonia and hydrogen TSS (mg L-1) 2012 153 483 427 206 313 354 488
Based on the classification of coastal water of Boracay sulfides (Poach et al 2002; Voss et al 2011). The researcher pH 7.34 8.13 7.76 7.59 8.11 8.08 9.07
Island conducted by DENR, EMB, Long Beach and Puka during the summer samplings detected rotten egg odor, Temperature 31 28 30 31 31 30.5 30
Beach were classified under Class SB - Coastal and Marine indicating the presence of H2S. High level of ammonia is DO (mg L-1) 6.8 8.38 7.23 6.28 6.48 4.98 8.03
Water - Recreational Water Class (area used by public for toxic to marine organism and nutrients like nitrate and can BOD (mg L-1) 100 20 20 100 20 20 20
bathing, swimming, skin diving, etc); while the Bulabog have direct detrimental effects when ingested by humans. The Nitrate (mg L-1) June 27, 1 3 1 2 1 1 0
Beach was classified as Class SC- Recreational water Class increase of nutrients in water will degrade water qualityand Phosphate (mg L-1) 2012 14.7 19.3 21.1 20.8 34.3 16.9 83.6
II (boating, etc). The mangrove swamps were not classified alter primary producer production (Cadwell 1975; Dunette TSS (mg L-1) 77 479 477 290 461 463 486
by EMB Region VI, however per DAO 34, Series of 1990, et al. 1985; Matson et al. 1997; Smith et al. 1999). pH 7.77 7.97 7.84 7.98 7.92 7.82 8.04
mangrove swamps belong to Class SD (other areas). Temperature 29.5 29 29 30 29 29 28.5
DO (mg L-1) 7.70 5.29 6.53 3.39 6.10 7.39 9.70
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Table 3. Summary of parameters correlated with significant BOD (mg L-1) 5 9 3 16 8 8 2
results resulting r value and p value. Nitrate (mg L-1) September 3 1 3 6 6 8 3
The DO reading (Table 3) was positively correlated Parameters Correlated r-Value p-Value Phosphate (mg L-1) 4, 2012 13.8 27.5 10.6 18.4 0 36.3 23.3
with study site classification whether source, transition, TSS (mg L-1) 435 33 25 456 405 430 402
DO with classification of study Sites 0.46 0.002 pH 7.83 8.05 7.95 8.20 8.26 8.08 7.50
repository coastal water (r=0.46; p=0.002) and sampling (source, transition, repository area)
periods (r=0.31; p=0.043). The DO reading increased from Temperature 29 29 29 29 29 28 28
DO with sampling periods 0.31 0.043
the source to the transition area and to the repository area BOD with classification of study Sites -0.42 0.005 DO (mg L-1) 7.74 8.89 6.93 6.19 6.12 7.48 7.59
(coastal), and ranged between 0.7-11.06 mg L-1 (Table 4). BOD with sampling periods -0.48 0.001 BOD (mg L-1) 5 0 2 15 8 11 5
pH with study Sites 0.317 0.041 Nitrate (mg L-1) October 3 2 2 2 3 2 1
Among these three sites, the lowest DO level was recorded
pH with sampling period 0.46 0.002 Phosphate (mg L-1) 18, 2012 5.1 11.3 1.1 11.3 4.6 2.8 8.6
at Site 4 (Dead Forest/mangrove swamp 6-source) and TSS (mg L-1) 64 451 465 234 296 319 315
during the months of April, February and September 2012 DO with pH 0.36 0.0211
TSS with temperature 0.411 0.007 pH 7.45 8.16 7.84 8.26 8.01 8.19 8.16
with readings of 0.7 mg L-1, 1.5 mg L-1 , and 3.39 mg L-1, Temperature 30 30 29.5 30 29 29 29
respectively, while the highest value at Lugotan Cove DO (mg L-1) 4.29 8.15 8.22 8.86 10.46 11.06 8.75
(Site 6) was in December 2012 that may be attributed to BOD (mg L-1) 11 6 4 26 18 19 3
the presence of macrophytes (algae) and cold temperature Nitrate (mg L-1) December 1 1 1 2 2 1 1
(Horne 1969; Saffran and Anderson 1997) during the Phosphate (mg L-1) 19, 2012 66.5 66.7 3.4 57.3 38.7 72.5 2.8
sampling period. The saturation values had the similar TSS (mg L-1) 194 472 550 448 467 482 458
trends in other sites as indicated by the DO values. These pH 7.44 8.09 8.02 8.35 8.48 8.63 8.15
readings were below 2.0 mg L-1, the required DO level for Temperature 28 28 28 30 29 29 28
unclassified sites (Class SD) such as mangrove swamps
based on DAO 34 water (unclassified body of water). The
factors that may be contributing to the low DO levels at
these sites were the decomposition of organic matter, high Figure 5. Dissolved Oxygen mgL-1 and Temperature reading
temperature, less water movement and also may be due to in Study Site 4 (Mangrove swamp-Dead Forest)
small number of submerged macrophytes that can be the for six sampling periods 2012.

Municipality of Malay
227
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue No. 2 2016
The Lugotan Cove (Site 6-repository area) in June
27, 2012 sampling recorded a DO level of 5 ppm (Table
4) lower compared with Source (Site 4) and Transition
Area (Site 5) at around 6 ppm. This may be attributed to
the untreated sewage from the households and commercial
establishments that were not connected to the sewerage
system and discharged directly to the canal during the
rainy season (May to October) that drained to the cove
(Figure 2). In addition, rainy season relatively increased
the volume of organic influx that included terrigenous
sources, as compared to dry season (November to April).
The decomposition of organic matter in untreated waste
waters utilized more of the DO in the water thus, low DO
level was registered in this June sampling.
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Higher BOD reading means presence of large amount
of organic matter to be degraded by decomposers (Marske
and Polkowski, 1972; Prandi-Rosa and Farache Filho
2002; Wahid et al. 2007). A BOD of 5 mgL-1 and below
is the accepted level for Class SB water, and 10 mgL-1for
Class SC water (DAO 35 1990; DAO 23 1997). However,
BOD standard was not determined for Class SD (DAO 34
1994). BOD readings (Table 3) has an inverse relationship
with DO readings (r= -0.61; p=0). Likewise, BOD reading
was negatively correlated with class (source, transition,
and repository area), (r= -0.42; p=0.005) and sampling
periods (r=-0.48; p=0.001). The factors that explain the
high variation of BOD in the different sampling sites were
the organic matter present in the water, light intensity, water
current, and kinds of living organisms present in the water
body (Lee et al. 2003; Voss et al. 2011). The BOD reading
per sampling period at different sampling sites ranged
between 0-250 mg L-1. Puka Beach (Site 2) at Yapak Village
registered the lowest BOD of zero even during the October
sampling period showing that less organic matter was
being discharged in the area. It shows that the source (Site
1-mangrove swamp 1) adjacent to the Puka Beach was still
effective in controlling the discharge of organic matter to
the beach. The DO reading was high at 8.89 mg L-1 during
the sampling period.
Site 4 -Dead Forest/Mangrove Swamp 6 (source)
registered highest BOD at 250 mg L-1 during the April
27 sampling with DO=.07 mg L-1. The BOD in the first
three sampling periods (February, April and June) were
comparatively high in all sampling sites and did not pass the
BOD standard for Class SB and SC water. It can be explained
that during these months there may be massive input of
organic matter coupled with accelerated decomposition
and relatively high intensity of light penetration (Voss et al.
2011; Teal et al. 1978).
228
23
Lower difference in BOD readings was registered
between Puka Beach (Site 2) and Mangrove Swamp 1
(Site 1) in all sampling periods except in September (Table
4). However, during the rainy month of September, Puka
Beach had higher BOD (9 mg L-1) than mangrove swamp 1
(5 mg L-1). This means that less organic matter was present
in mangrove swamp probably due to the increase of its
water level producing a dilution effect (Valiela et al. 2013).
It could be possibly attributed also to the surface run off to
the sea from other sources aside from Site 1 (10 masl), and
underground percolation of organic matter (Trousdale 1997).
Lower BOD from September to December sampling
periods were registered in all sites compared to previous
sampling months. This happened because the preceding
organic matter was already decomposed, or could be due
to dissipation process as influenced by current and wave
action as in the case of Puka Beach, Long Beach and
Bulabog Beach (Huggins and Anderson 2005). However,
Lugotan Cove (Site 6) being an embayment showed a
relatively higher BOD compared to other sites except for
Site 4 because of higher organic inputs and less dissipation
of nutrients due to slow water movement.
Nitrate
Nitrate level ranged between 0-8 mg L-1 (Table 4).
The lowest recorded nitrate level was in the Long Beach
(Site 7) during the June 27 sampling period at 0 mg L-1,
while the highest was in Lugotan Cove (Site 6) during the
April 27 and September 4 sampling periods at 8 mg L-1.
The excess nitrate in water may be due to nutrients
leaked from septic tanks and these had percolated in the
ground into the sea. With June being a period of low tourist
arrivals, it is being speculated that sewage did not exceed
the septic tank level hence percolation into the coastal water
was controlled. High nitrate level was observed during
April and February sampling periods with high tourist
arrivals (Figure 6). The association of increased nitrate
level with high number of tourists during these periods
was supported by the significant association of nitrate and
tourist arrivals during the months of February to April 2012
(Figure 6). Nitrate increased due to tourism was also cited
by Patterson and McDonald (2004) on their study of how
clean and green tourism is in New Zealand.
Highest levels of nitrate 8 mg L-1 were observed in
Lugotan Cove (Site 6) in April and September samplings
(Table 4). It was possible that water from Mangrove
Swamp 6- source (Site 4) flowed to Transition Area (Site
5) and to coastal area at Lugotan Cove- repository. With
sufficient DO of 6 mg L-1 in the Transition Area (Table 4)
24
Figure 6. Relationship of tourist arrivals with nitrates level
in water column (1- February 29, 2-April 27,
3-June 27, 4-September 4, 5-October 18, and
6-December 19).
during this period, biological and chemical processes could
have facilitated the transformation of organic and inorganic
nitrogen into dissolved nitrate (Leonov and Toth 1981; Burt
et al. 1993; Bode and Dortch 1996; Lordal et al. 2008)
and deposited it in Lugotan Cove causing nitrate level to
increase. It can also be attributed to other sources of nutrients
from the drainage canal that emptied into the Lugotan Cove
as well as to the decomposition, of primary producers’
biomass in the area. In the process of decomposition, the
micro-organism used up dissolved oxygen which might had
been quickly replenished by oxygen dissolved from air and
those released by the seagrasses and phytoplankton such
that DO level in Lugotan Cove remained high at 6.0 mg L-1
(Huggins and Anderson 2005; Saffran and Anderson 1997).
The lower level of nitrate in Bulabog Beach can be
explained by the presence of vast area of seagrasses that
utilized the dissolved nutrients in water for their growth and
reproduction; consistent to the research study of Chapin
et al. (2004), that the apparent decrease in nitrate during
the low tide period could be attributed to denitrification
in the sediments or uptake by photosynthetic and benthic
organisms.
Mangrove swamp 6/Dead Forest-Site 4 (source) did
not show higher nitrate compared to its adjacent coastal
area (Lugotan Cove-Site 6) during the April water sampling
despite the fact that there was high BOD of 250 mg L-1
(Table 4) and low DO of 0.7 mg L-1 (Table 4) indicating
high organic matter content. This may be due to the high
temperature of 31oC which was recorded in the site (Table
4) during April which favors ammonia volatization. Hence,
it is highly possible that low nitrate level in the site can
be attributed to ammonia escape in April that inhibited
the nitrification process (Voss 2011; Poach et al. 2002).
However, Long Beach did not also show high nitrate level
Water Quality Dynamics and Nutrient Loading in Boracay Waters
during this period, this may be attributed to wave dissipation
process in the beach region.
Phosphates
The identified sources of phosphates in Boracay Island
were from possible leak of water rich in phosphate that
included the septic tanks, organic matter from surface run-
off, and treated, partially treated and untreated sewage and
waste water. Detergents from waste water are also primary
source of phosphates. Phosphates are important nutrients
for plant growth but excessive amount of phosphates in
water can lead to algal bloom (Hutchinson 1969; Correl
1998; Smith 1998). In the issue of pollution, phosphates
are one component of total dissolved solids (Hochanadel
2010).
Up to the present, there are no indicated water quality
criteria for phosphate in marine waters in the Philippines.
However, as discussed in the study of Yang et al. (2008),
lakes to be considered uncontaminated should have a
phosphate range of 0.01 - 0.03 mg L-1, while phosphate level
between 0.025 - 0.1 mg L-1 will stimulate plant growth, and
0.1 mg L-1 phosphate is the maximum acceptable level to
avoid accelerated eutrophication, and phosphate of more
than 0.1 mg L-1 will result to accelerated plant growth and
subsequent ecological problems. Moreover, the US EPA,
1986 recommended that there should not be more than 0.1
mg L-1 total phosphorus for streams which do not empty
into reservoirs; no more than 0.05 mg L-1 for streams
discharging into reservoirs; and no more than 0.025 mg L-1
for reservoirs to be considered uncontaminated.
In this study, the phosphate concentrations (Table 4)
were highest in the Long Beach (Site 7) during the April and
June sampling at 99.1 mg L-1 and 88.6 mg L-1, respectively.
Zero phosphate was recorded in the Transition Area (Site
5) of mangrove swamp 6 (Site 4) during the September 4
sampling. Sampling sites with lower phosphates were
Puka Beach (Site 2) at Yapak Village (0.8 mg L-1) in
February, Bulabog Beach (Site 3) with 1.1 mg L-1 during the
October sampling, Lugotan (2.8 mg L-1) October sampling,
and Dead Forest/Mangrove Swamp 6 – source (Site 4) with
phosphate level of 3.7 mg L-1) April sampling.
Generally, phosphate level was higher in February,
April, June and December sampling periods. It could be
that higher volume of sewage was discharged to the coastal
water due to high influx of tourists (Figure 7) from late
December to April as can be supported by data from DOT.
The relatively high phosphate level in June can be attributed
to the discharge of surface soils containing accumulated
inorganic and organic matter laden with phosphates into
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue No. 2 2016
Figure 7. Relationship of tourist arrivals with phosphates
level in water column (1- February 29, 2-April
27, 3-June 27, 4-September 4, 5-October 18,
and 6-December 19).
the study sites by storm waters that started during the
month of May. In shallow water, the increased frequency
of disturbance enabled the release of P from the sediment;
especially the high temperature which may explain the high
phosphate level in areas where water was flowing (Cai et
al. 2007; Sharpley et al. 1996)
There was rapid dissipation of phosphorous from
higher concentration at the pollution source (Site 4) to
Transition (Site 5) and ultimately to the coastal area (Site 6).
The phosphate was then gradually released into dissolved
form during the mineralization process of the sea (Owilli
2003). High levels of phosphorus can facilitate blooms and
growth of autotrophs in general. This leads to an overall
decrease in DO, as the algae after death were decomposed
by aerobic bacteria.
pH
The “pH” measures the H+ ion concentration of
substances and gives the results on a scale from 0 to 14.
It affects biological processes, and influence reaction rates
(Ulrich 1976). Sudden changes in pH can indicate nutrient
or chemical runoff (Heiland 2009). In Boracay Island, the
pH reading was positively correlated with site (r=0.317;
p=0.041) and sampling period (r=0.46; p=0.002). Thus pH
increased from source (Site 4 and Site 1) to coastal area
(Site 6 and Site 2) and from the first to the 6th sampling
periods.
Dissolved Oxygen was positively correlated with pH
(r=0.36; p=0.0211), (Table 3). It means that with higher
pH there is also higher level of DO. If the soil is Karstic
which is rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or limestone,
water bodies tend to have higher pH because water
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
25
acidity reduces as affected by limestone weathering in the
upper epikarst because acidity reduces as affected by the
limestone weathering in the upper epikarst and subsequent
dissolution (Maree and du Plessis 1994; Faimon 2005)
as in the case of Boracay Island. The pH readings in all
sampling areas ranged from 6.82-8.48 and were within the
criteria of Class SB and Class SC water. The normal pH
value can be attributed to the Karstic soil of Boracay Island
containing high CaCO3 that helped buffer pH changes even
with the inputs of pollution in the mangrove swamps and
coastal water that may reduce or increase the pH level. The
photosynthetic activity of seagrass and algae may have also
aided in the increase of pH by consuming the CO2 present
in the water (Heber et al., 1976). Photosynthesis of these
autotrophs also liberates O2 in the coastal water leading to
high DO reading.
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
The TSS reading was found positively correlated with
temperature (r=0.411; p=.007) (Table 3). This means that
higher TSS readings where registered at sampling periods
where the temperature of the coastal water was also high.
The TSS readings (Table 4) ranged between 25-799 mg
L-1. The high readings in most sampling periods may be
explained by the fact that water samples were taken along
the shore during sampling months at low tide level for
consistency. These were also the times when most tourists
were active in the coastal zone. However, the TSS of 25
mg L-1 in Bulabog Beach during September 4 sampling
could be explained by the wind direction and current which
was South-Southwest (SSW) monsoon with calming effect
at the back beach or Bulabog Beach (Site 3) located in
the eastern portion of the Island. The wide seagrass bed
cover in Bulabog performed its functions in binding the
sediments creating clearer water. On the other hand, the
high TSS readings in Bulabog for the rest of the sampling
periods were due to the sewage outfalls from the drainage
that were confined by current during the North-East (NE)
and East-Northeast (ENE) wind direction, and also owing
to the docking of pump boats along the shore and wind
surfing activity. The high level of TSS at the Long Beach
(Site 7) could be attributed to the swimming activities of the
tourists. Puka Beach at Yapak Village (Site 2), also located
in the eastern portion of the Island, had a comparatively
lower TSS reading. The rest of the sampling periods that
gave Puka Beach (Site 2) a higher TSS may be due to the
effect of sea turbulence when the wind direction was North-
East (NE).
The sewage outflow to the Dead Forest/mangrove
swamp 6 (Site 4) contributed to the high TSS level. High
TSS readings were also recorded in Transition Area (Site
26 Water Quality Dynamics and Nutrient Loading in Boracay Waters
5) and Lugotan Cove-Repository Area (Site 6). Movement
of water in the Transition Area going to the coast and
additional input of sediments from the drainage canal
adjacent the Mangrove Swamp 6 (Site 4) and emptying into
the Lugotan Cove (Site 6) influenced the TSS levels. The
high TSS level in Wetland 1-Source (Site 1) could be due
to the very low water level wherein sediment was disturbed
during water sampling.
Comparison of Water Quality Results Between Study
Sites
Comparative analysis of water quality parameters by
sampling Sites using 2-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
at 5% significant level and Tukey’s test based on log-
transformed data, showed no significant differences among
sampling points in terms of TSS, phosphates, nitrates,
and water temperature parameters. However, Site 4 or
Mangrove Swamp 6 was slightly higher in pH and much
higher BOD than Site 1 or Mangrove Swamp 1, Site 2
(Puka Beach) and Site 7 (Long Beach). Site 6 (coastal part
of wetland 6 or the Lugotan Cove) has the highest E. coli
and total coliform populations. The rest of the sites had the
same levels.
The difference in volume and degree of pollution load
between mangrove swamp 1 (Site 1) and mangrove swamp
6 (Site 4) was very distinct. Higher pollution load was
estimated in mangrove swamp 6 than mangrove swamp
1. The water quality results between the two mangrove
swamps and between the two coastal sites adjacent to the
mangrove swamps: Puka Beach (Mangrove Swamp 1) and
Lugotan Cove (Mangrove Swamp 6) proved the importance
of mangrove swamp as it assimilates the nutrients from
the organic matters discharged through biological and
chemical processes before it is being discharged to the
adjacent coastal waters (Gearheart 1993; Primavera 2004).
Moreover, Mangrove Swamp 1 was densely vegetated
compared to Mangrove Swamp 6 (DENR VI, PAWCZMS
Wetland Assessment Report, 2009).
Effect of Season on Water Quality
The t-test conducted comparing the wet and dry
samplings periods showed that only air temperature and E.
coli colony counts had significant differences at 1% level
between seasons. Other parameters were not significantly
affected by seasonal variation. Air temperature was
significantly higher in dry season than in the wet season
(27.05C vs. 25.79, t=4.84, p<0.0010), but air temperature
had no significant effect on the autotrophs since they are
not exposed to air. It can be deduced that one of the factors
that affected the lower concentration of nitrate was dilution
effect of precipitation. The rainy season was also a
lean season of tourist arrivals in Boracay Island, which
means that there were also lesser inputs of nitrate from
anthropogenic activities.
On the other hand, coastal E. coli was higher in dry
season than in the wet season (105.94 vs. 28.12, t=3.16,
p=0.01) as there could be less dilution and dissipation
of polluted water during this time. Specifically, highest
recorded E. coli was observed in the month of April, the
month with the highest tourist arrival. As mentioned above,
septic tanks may have overflowed as well the flow of the
untreated sewage from residential houses and business
establishments not connected with the sewerage system
may have increased during this period, both of which were
possible sources of E.coli contamination. However, during
wet season, high amount of precipitation may have diluted
the pollutant in the swamp and coastal areas. It was also
possible that the pollutants were washed away by rain and
dissipated into the open sea.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The coastal water quality in Boracay Island was
influenced by natural and anthropogenic sources of nutrients,
coastal sea water dynamics, geological characteristics of
the area and weather and climate. The major sources of
pollution affecting the water quality are waste water from
households and commercial establishments not connected
to the sewerage system. Influx of tourists during peak
season contributed heavily to nutrient loading. On the
other hand, the coastal water in Boracay Island undergoes
natural cleansing mechanisms through biogeochemical
processes in the mangrove swamps and through activities
of the autotrophs present in the coastal zone of the island.
The process of cleansing the water of excess nutrients was
described in the dynamic interaction of phytoplankton, sea
grass and macro algae in utilizing available N and P in the
coastal water of the Island discussed in the parallel work
by the same authors in a recent paper (Limates et al. 2016).
The capacity of the mangrove swamps to purify water
was affected by the extent of mangrove cover and the
amount of waste discharged into it. Basically, the physical
and water chemistry of mangrove swamp was influenced
by the relative amount of solid and liquid waste discharged
into the swamp and waste waters from anthropogenic and
natural sources. Coastal water surrounding areas with
higher anthropogenic activities where establishments not
connected to sewerage system are adjacent to mangrove
swamp impoverished of mangrove trees showed poor
water quality, while coastal water adjacent to mangrove
swamp with relatively good mangrove cover and with
229
Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue No. 2 2016
lesser anthropogenic activities proved to have good water
quality. Likewise, good water quality was recorded in
coastal areas with commercial establishments connected
to the sewerage system as in the case of Long Beach (Site
7), the most populated and visited area in Boracay Island.
Pollution reduction and proactive measures should
be put in-place to sustain the tourism industry in the
Island. Based on the results of this study the following are
recommended actions that need to be done: Rehabilitation
of the mangrove swamps by relocating all informal settlers
and increasing the mangrove cover; Establishment of waste
water treatment facility at the outfall of drainage canals before
discharging into the coastal water; Strictly implementing the
policy that all residential and commercial establishments
should be connected to the Island’s sewerage system;
Protection and rehabilitation of seagrass beds because of
its role in nutrient recycling, water purification, as habitat
of marine organisms and provision of other vital ecological
services; Effective implementation of a collaborative
and comprehensive monitoring system as one important
proactive strategy to prevent further degradation of the
coastal water of Boracay Island; and Inclusion of analysis of
phosphates and nitrates levels in the conduct of regular water
quality monitoring by concerned government agencies.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Funds for this research were provided by the

Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Boracay
Island Water Corporation (BIWC) and Boracay Foundation,
Inc. (BFI).

Municipality of Malay
231
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
“Regional Oceanography of the Philippine Archipelago”
a b
118°E 120°E 122°E 124°E 126°E 119°E 120°E 121°E 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E
16°N 16°N
Luzon

100

100
10
0
10
South China
4000

100
15 0
00
Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean
1000
500
Sea 100
4000
13°N 13°N
Mindoro
100 10
Lamon Bay 0

1000
6000
2000
Luzon
14°N 14°N
aBStr ac t. Confined by the intricate configuration of the Philippine Archipelago, Verd M
as
10

40
00
e Is

00
land ba

100
100
Pas 100
0
10
0 te Samar
sag
forced by the monsoonal climate and tides, responding to the remote forcing from the e 12°N 12°N
500

10
South China Sea

6000
100

0
0

0
500

10
2000

10
100
1000

0
Sibuyan Sea

10
1500
00 Mindoro San Bernardino
open Pacific and adjacent seas of Southeast Asia, the internal Philippine seas present a
50
40
Mindoro

1000
0

50
Strait

0
Strait Tablas

1000

10
10
100
100

00
Strait

0
Panay

0
South

10
challenging environment to both observe and model. The Philippine Straits Dynamics
50
Leyte

6000
0

500
12°N 100 Sibuyan
10 12°N
11°N 11°N
00

10
Sea

1500
Visayan

0
500
Sea

100
500
Experiment (PhilEx) observations reported here provide a view of the regional

2000

1000
10 500
0

Panay Panay

10
Leyte n 100

wa

0
Strait Cebu
Leyte la

2000
oceanography for specific periods. Interaction with the western Pacific occurs by way

4000
Pa

100
15 Camotes
50 Gulf

0
00 0

10
100
n
wa Sea

10
00
10°N 10°N

00
1000

10
100
ala Surigao
of the shallow San Bernardino and Surigao straits. More significant interaction occurs
100

1000
P Bohol
10°N Strait 10°N Negros

100
0
10

100
Bohol

500

1000
Negros

1500
via Mindoro and Panay straits with the South China Sea, which is connected to the
10 20

10
00 00

0
50

100
00
1000
1500
0
Bohol Sea

1500
50
0
Bohol Sea
4000 10

1500
open Pacific through Luzon Strait. The Mindoro/Panay throughflow reaches into the
40
9°N 9°N

500
00 100
Dipolog Strait 100
0

00
20
100
2000 Sulu Sea 100 10
00

40
00

Sulu Sea and adjacent Bohol and Sibuyan seas via the Verde Island Passage and Tablas

00

500
Sulu Sea

500
1500 40

00
10
8°N 8°N
Mindanao

0
Mindanao

10
and Dipolog straits. The deep, isolated basins are ventilated by flow over confining

0
0

0
10

10

1000
Balabac

10 500
Strait 8°N 8°N

00
2000
4000

topographic sills that causes upward displacement of older resident water, made more
1000 1500

100

100
Regional IOP: Mar 2009

0 0
15
100

Regional IOP: Jan 2008

500
4000 00

buoyant by vertical mixing, which is then exported to surrounding seas to close the

4000
15

1000
go

100
40
00
ela Joint: Nov/Dec 2007

00

2000
20
ip 7°N 7°N
6°N 00 rch 6°N
Exploratory: Jun 2007
overturning circulation circuit. A
0 1
lu

100
50
Su
Sulawesi Sea

Passage
Sibutu
ADCP Moorings MMP Moorings

4000
Borneo
10
00

iNtrODUc tiON
Following multiple pathways, waters of
the western Pacific enter the complex,
multidimensional array of seas and
straits that form the impressive archi-
pelago stretching some 3400 km from
Southeast Asia to Australia. The northern
segment of this system is the Philippine
Archipelago (Figure 1a), where the North
Equatorial Current bifurcation near 14°N
(Nitani, 1972; Toole et al., 1990; Qiu and
Lukas, 1996; Qu and Lukas, 2003) forms
the western boundary for the equator-
ward-flowing Mindanao Current and
the nascent poleward-flowing Kuroshio.
Pacific water seeps into the Sibuyan and
Bohol (Mindanao) seas by way of the
shallow San Bernardino and Surigao
straits, respectively, and in greater
volume through the 2200-m-deep Luzon
Strait into the South China Sea (Metzger
and Hurlburt, 1996, 2001; Centurioni
et al., 2004; Qu et al., 2006). From the
South China Sea, the flow enters into the
Sulu Sea through Mindoro and Panay
straits, and eventually into the western
Bohol (Mindanao) Sea through Dipolog
Strait, and perhaps into the Sibuyan Sea
by way of the Verde Island Passage and
Tablas Strait. The South China Sea also
has access to the southern Sulu Sea via
Balabac Strait. The Sibutu Passage links
the southern Sulu Sea to the Sulawesi Sea.
Once within the confines of the
Philippine Archipelago, circulation and
stratification are subjected to monsoonal
winds that are textured by passages
between island morphology (Pullen
et al., 2008, 2011; May et al., 2011),
by sea-air heat and freshwater fluxes
including river outflow, and by regions
with strong tidal currents. Overflow
across < 500-m-deep topographic sills
ventilates the depths of isolated basins,
the Sulu Sea, and the smaller Bohol
and Sibuyan seas.
The Office of Naval Research spon-
sored the Philippine Straits Dynamics
Experiment (PhilEx) with a goal
of exploring the oceanography and
dynamics in the narrow straits and deep
basins of the Philippine Archipelago
using both observations and model
output. During PhilEx fieldwork,
conductivity, temperature, depth, and
dissolved oxygen measurements were
obtained, and lowered acoustic Doppler
current profiler (CTD-O2/LADCP)
118°E 120°E 122°E 124°E 126°E 119°E 120°E 121°E 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E
Figure 1. (a) Bathymetry of the seas and straits of the Philippine archipelago from Smith and Sandwell (1997) and http://topex.ucsd.edu/marine_topo.
(b) conductivity, temperature, depth, and dissolved oxygen, and lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (ctD-O2/laDcP) stations obtained by the
four Philex cruises identified within the figure legend. Philex mooring positions are indicated.
stations were made during the explor- The hull-mounted shipboard 75- and SST, sea level, ocean color, and wind. The
atory cruise of June 2007 and two 150-kHz ADCP system measures circu- Panay Island-based high-frequency (HF)
regional Intensive Observational Period lation of the upper hundreds of meters radar array provides high-resolution sea
cruises in the winters of January 2008 of the water column along the ship surface current information in Panay
(IOP-08) and March 2009 (IOP-09; track. The cruise data provide nearly Strait. In situ measurements of ocean
Figure 1b). CTD casts were also under- synoptic views of regional water-column currents and properties are provided
taken during the Joint US/Philippines circulation and stratification. Moorings by towed instrumentation and free-
Cruise of November and December (Figure 1b) provide time series of the floating sensors, such as surface drifters
2007. All PhilEx cruises were conducted currents within major straits. Data from (Ohlmann, 2011), profilers (Girton,
from R/V Melville, whose underway sea MacLane Labs moored profilers (MMPs; 2011), and gliders. Biological parameters
surface water system provides sea surface Figure 1b) characterize the internal closely related to the ocean physical
temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) at wave environments (Girton et al., 2011). processes are also a component of PhilEx
high resolution, as well as other meteo- Satellite remote sensing provides a (Cabrera et al., 2011; Jones et al., 2011).
rological and oceanographic parameters. variety of regional observations, such as Model studies (Hurlburt et al., 2011;
Arango et al., 2011; May et al., 2011)
Arnold L. Gordon (agordon@ldeo.columbia.edu) is Professor, Earth and Environmental complete the suite of methods employed
Sciences and Associate Director, Ocean and Climate Physics, Lamont-Doherty Earth by PhilEx researchers to investigate the
Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA. Janet Sprintall is Research oceanographic conditions and processes
Oceanographer, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, within the Philippine Archipelago.
San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Amy Ffield is Senior Scientist, Earth & Space Research, The coupled ocean/atmosphere is
Upper Grandview, NY, USA. characterized by variability across a

Oceanography | march 2011 15 16 Oceanography | Vol.24, No.1

Municipality of Malay
232
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
wide range of spatial and temporal 2006.5 2007.0 2007.5 2008.0 2008.5 2009.0 2009.5 a
a) 10 10
scales. Beyond tidal forcing and daily 120˚ 123˚ 126˚
14°N
119°E 120°E 121°E 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E
14°N of 58 m near 10°17'N, 125°50'E (both
9 14˚ 9 Luzon
topographic estimates are from http://

GPCP Precipitation (mm/day)

weather conditions are intraseasonal 8 12˚ 8 119°E 120°E 121°E
Cool SST 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E
14°N 14°N
Luzon topex.ucsd.edu/marine_topo; Smith
Madden Julian Oscillations, seasonal 7
10˚
7 Cyclonic
eddy
8˚ Cool SST
monsoon forcing, and interannual 6 6
13°N
Mindoro
Strong tidal
13°N
and Sandwell, 1997). A comparison of
SCS
Cyclonic

An
the thermohaline water-column profile
currents
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO),

tic
eddy
5 5 13°N 13°N

yc
Mindoro M
as

lo
ba
within these straits to that of the western
Strong tidal

ni
plus decadal and longer fluctuations. A Tablas te currentsSamar

c
4 SCS

An
4

ed
12°N Island 12°N

tic

dy
yc
M
recurring question arises when dealing as Pacific depicts an environment of

lo
3 3 Cool SST ba

ni
Tablas te Samar

c
ed
Island
with observational data, which inher- 12°N 12°N
vigorous mixing, with possible upwelling

dy
2 2 Cyclonic eddy
Cool SST Panay
Leyte
ently have gaps in spatial and temporal 1 1 11°N 11°N of subsill-depth western Pacific water

Nino 3 (dashed)
Cyclonic eddy
b) 2 -2 Panay
entering into the confines of the straits.
coverage: how typical are the observa- Leyte

Anomaly
1 -1 11°N an 1 m/s Cebu 11°N
l aw Strong tidal
tions of the entire region, and of the 0 0 Pa currents The currents within San Bernardino
-1 1
10°N n 1 m/s 10°N
-2 2 wa and Surigao straits were the strongest
longer-term “climate” conditions? Pa
la
Negros
Cebu
Bohol Strong tidal
2006.5 2007.0 2007.5 2008.0 2008.5 2009.0 2009.5 currents

Observations can be “leveraged” by 10°N Sulu Sea 10°N observed during all the PhilEx cruises.
Bohol
Bohol Jet
Negros
being used to evaluate model output, Figure 2. (a) The averaged precipitation time series (green line), mean-annual time series
9°N 9°N
In each strait, the average speed of the
Sulu Sea
(purple dashed line), and mean (thin horizontal black line) are shown for data from loca- 27.2 27.6 28.0 28.4
or directly assimilated into the models, tions near/within the Philippine seas. (b) The anomaly time series (green=wet, yellow=dry)
Bohol Jet
Iligan Bay Mindanao
upper 50 m for the one- to two-day
9°N 9°N
ship occupation was about 0.5 m s-1
Eddy
thus allowing for a reliable model-based is shown, along with Nino3 (blue dashed line) for comparison. in (a), the four precipitation 27.2 R0827.6
SST NB150:
28.025-55m 28.4 Cool SST
data locations are indicated by red squares on the map inset. On both (a) and (b), the three Iligan Bay Mindanao
glimpse of this fuller spectrum of events. 119°E 120°E
R08 SST NB150: 25-55m
123°E121°E 124°E
Eddy 122°E
125°E 126°E from the western Pacific to the interior
Philex cruise periods are indicated by vertical red bars. The precipitation data are from the Cool SST
In addition to a change in the winds, 119°E 120°E 121°E 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E seas. However, the strong tidal currents
GPcP Satellite-Gauge (SG), One-Degree Daily (1DD), Version 1.1 data set that is produced 14°N b 119°E 120°E 121°E
Luzon 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 14°N
126°E

the monsoon brings a change in precipi- by optimally merging estimates computed from microwave, infrared, and sounder data, and 119°E 120°E Cool 121°E
SST 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E
obscure the nontidal flow and there-
precipitation gauge analyses from October 1996 to June 2009 (http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/ 14°N 14°N
tation to the Philippine Archipelago, Luzon fore prohibit meaningful estimation of
wmo/wdcamet-ncdc.html#version2). Cool SST
which is expected to be reflected in 13°N
Mindoro
13°N the nontidal throughflow, other than
SCS
Strong tidal
suggesting that it is likely that the direc-
currents
surface layer thermohaline seasonal 13°N M 13°N
Mindoro as

Su
SCS ba
tion of the throughflow was into the
Strong tidal
stratification. Although there are local- te Samar

rfa
Tablas currents
12°N 12°N

ce
Island
ized variations due to the interaction provide an introduction to the regional patterns within the major Philippine
M
Philippine interior seas.

flo
as

Su
ba

w
te Samar

rfa
Tablas

to
12°N 12°N The shipboard ADCP and water-

ce
of the wind with orographic lifting setting in order to place in context the basins of the Sulu and Bohol seas, and Island

SC
flo
Panay

S
Leyte

w
processes and subsequent river runoff, information presented in the collec- to provide schematic overviews of the 11°N 11°N column temperature/salinity profiles

to
SC
in general, over the ocean waters, the tion of studies described in this special circulation to serve as a guide to the more Panay
do not show clear continuity of the

S
Leyte
n
11°N wa Cebu 11°N
la
winter monsoon brings a time of less PhilEx issue of Oceanography. Each topic detailed studies that are found in this Pa Strong tidal San Bernardino water into the Sibuyan
1 m/s currents
10°N n 10°N
rainfall and the summer more rainfall included in this regional introduction issue of Oceanography or are to follow. P al
awa
Negros
Cebu
Bohol or Camotes seas. In contrast, the Surigao
Strong tidal
(Figure 2a). However, comparison of the has been covered by PhilEx researchers 10°N
1 m/s currents 10°N Strait characteristics do intrude into the
Bohol
Bohol Jet
Negros
actual rainfall for a specific year to the (e.g., published to date are Han et al., reGiONal Str atiFicatiON 9°N 9°N
Bohol Sea within a well-defined surface
average annual cycle reveals precipita- 2008; Rypina et al., 2010; Tessler et al., aND circUl atiON Bohol Jet
Iligan Bay Mindanao
current across the northern Bohol Sea,
9°N 9°N
linking the Surigao Strait throughflow
Eddy
tion anomalies (Figure 2b), which may 2010), is presented in this special issue the Sea Surface layer Sulu Sea Cool SST
Iligan Bay Mindanao
be expected to induce anomalies in the of Oceanography, or will be further Surface-layer circulation observed by 8°N
27.2 27.6 28.0
Eddy
28.4
8°N to Dipolog Strait with export into the
Sulu Sea
surface layer thermohaline stratifica- developed in future publications. Here, the shipboard ADCP (Figure 3a,b) 8°N
Cool SST
8°N
Sulu Sea. South of this “Bohol Jet” is a
27.2 R0927.6
SST OS150:
28.023-55m 28.4
tion. During the eight months prior to we use data from the regional PhilEx for IOP-08 and IOP-09 brings out the cyclonic circulation feature that we call
7°N 7°N
the June 2007 exploratory cruise, there hydrographic cruises and moored time complexity of the pattern of surface R09 SST OS150: 23-55m the Iligan Bay Eddy, found on all of the
was an anomalous dry period, an accu- series measurements to describe the currents and the relationship to SST. 7°N 7°N
PhilEx cruises, near 124°E (Figure 3).
119°E 120°E 121°E 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E
mulative response to the El Niño of the flow pattern and water mass distribu- The direct connection of the Generation of the Iligan Bay Eddy
preceding year, whereas the IOP-08 and tion within the Philippine Archipelago. Philippine seas to the western Pacific is 119°E 120°E 121°E 122°E 123°E 124°E 125°E 126°E is not coupled to a sea surface ocean
IOP-09 cruises were conducted during Our goal is to determine the potentially through San Bernardino Strait, with a sill Figure 3. current vectors from the shipboard-mounted 150-Khz aDcP system within color signal, as may be expected from
anomalously wet periods. important first-order processes that depth of 92 m near 12°47'N, 124°14'E, the 25- to 55-m layer color coded by sea surface temperature (SSt). a 1 m s-1 arrow is upwelling usually associated with a
given for scale. ScS is the South china Sea. Various features are shown in italics. (a) Philex
The objective of this paper is to might lead to observed circulation and Surigao Strait, with a sill depth cyclonic circulation pattern (Cabrera
regional cruise January 2008. (b) Philex regional cruise march 2009.
et al., 2011). The Bohol Jet enters the

Oceanography | march 2011 17

18 Oceanography | Vol. 24, No.1

Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Sulu Sea, though its path once within weak and toward the South China Sea. summer SST was about 2° warmer than a
Potential Temperature (oC) Salinity maximum (s-max) in the 75–250 m,
the Sulu Sea is not clear. Relatively cool In March 2009, the surface flow in in January 2008 or March 2009. The 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 33.2 33.6 34.0 34.4 34.8
0 0
16° to 28°C interval that marks North
SST is observed south of the Bohol Jet Panay and Mindoro straits, with less SSS range between cruises amounts to
50 50 Pacific Subtropical Water. Although
extension into the eastern Sulu Sea, a mesoscale activity, was also toward 1.0 psu, with the lowest SSS in January
100
line
100 the shallow San Bernardino and
consequence of upwelling along the the South China Sea. In January 2008, 2008. The highest SSS is in June 2007, a oc
erm Surigao straits block s-max water,
150 Th 150

Pressure (db)
Zamboanga coast (Villanoy et al., 2011). there was a strong cyclonic eddy in the consequence of the normal dry season Pacific
Sulu Sea surface layer circulation South China Sea adjacent to Mindoro compounded by the drier conditions 200 200 North Pacific Subtropical Water has
(Figure 3) displays much mesoscale 250 250 access to the South China Sea via
activity at horizontal scales of ~ 100 km, 300 Expo-07: Jun 2007 300 Luzon Strait. However, at the South

“
IOP-08: Jan 2008
with varied SST and SSS, rather than a 350 IOP-09: Mar 2009 350 China Sea entrance to Mindoro Strait,
clear basin-scale gyre. However, these 400 400
the pronounced s-max core in the
synoptic “snapshots” offered by the Philex DiD mUch tO aDVaNce OUr 20 21
σ0 20° to 28°C range is greatly attenuated

”
30
shipboard ADCP mapping do not allow UNDerStaNDiNG the WaterS OF the Surface layer 22
26
with only a weak s-max near 28°C
σ0
for conclusions about the general circu- 23
as observed in the June 2007 cruise
PhiliPPiNe archiPelaGO. 25 Pacific IOP-08 12
lation pattern of the Sulu Sea as each Subtropical4
data, or a temperature/salinity (T/S)

Potential Temperature (oC)

S-max 2
380-440 m 26
.4

cruise covered different segments of the 20 800-1200 m flexure near 25°C in data from the
25

So
Sulu Sea 10
this sea. The warmer SST observed in regional 2008 and 2009 cruises, and

uth
Panay Sill

Ch
480-580 m
March 2009 relative to January 2008 may a deeper s-max near 16°C (Figure 4).

ina
26
15 26
.8
South China Sea

Se
be partly the normal seasonal signal, Strait (Pullen et al., 2008). The surface of an El Niño (Figure 2). The lowest

a
8
The processes within the South China
27
though in 2009 the survey extended current in Tablas Strait displayed a weak SSS was observed in January 2008 (as 10
Pacific Sea that attenuate the North Pacific
further to the south, and 2008 tended cyclone (note westward flow at 121.8°E well as during the Joint Cruise of late NPIW
6 subtropical s-max are beyond the
34.42 34.44 34.46 34.48 34.50
5
to have stronger winds and surface between Mindoro Island and Tablas 2007), a consequence of the phasing out Salinity scope of this paper.
28

currents. The January 2008 surface
circulation of the Sulu Sea east of 120°E
is cyclonic, with northward flow along
the eastern boundary that continues
into Panay Strait and southward flow
west of 121.3°E. The Sulu circulation was
Island, Figure 3), though the tendency
in March 2009 was for flow out of the
Sibuyan Sea into the Panay-Mindoro
corridor. The throughflow of the rela-
tively cool SST of the Verde Island
Passage was weak, slightly toward the
of the previous wet season, whereas in A salinity minimum (s-min) is
33.2 33.6 34.0 34.4 34.8
March 2009, nearly two more months Salinity observed from 350 to 600 m in the
into the dry season, SSS was slightly
b western Pacific stations, marking
more elevated. The lowest SSSs (< 33.4)
North Pacific Intermediate Water,
are observed in the Bohol Sea and the
which also has access to the South
South China Sea entrance to Mindoro 400 400
China Sea via Luzon Strait. An

Camotes Sea

Camotes Sea
anticyclonic in June 2007 (not shown). west in January 2008, and toward the Strait during the winter regional

Tablas Strait
attenuated but still visible s-min
The March 2009 cruise data covers east in March 2009. cruises, perhaps a consequence of the 800 800

Panay Strait
near 10°C is observed in Mindoro

S. Sibuyan Sea
different parts of the Sulu Sea so that delayed river runoff from their respec-

Pressure (db)
and Panay straits. It is this water that

S. Sibuyan Sea
direct comparison with January 2008 Water-column Stratification tive larger neighboring landmasses of 1200 1200

is not practical, though again we find Upper 400-m Profiles Mindanao and Luzon. The Sibuyan provides the overflow into the Sulu

Sibuyan Sea
Sea (Tessler et al., 2010). The θ/S

northward flow in the eastern Sulu Sea
and within Panay Strait, albeit relatively
subdued relative to January 2008.
In Mindoro and Panay straits, the
Sibuyan Sea
With descent into the water column, and Camotes seas’ SSSs are between
1600 1600
the warm, low-salinity surface water 33.4 and 33.6. The seasonal influence Bohol Sea
structure (Figure 4, lower left panel)
above the top of the thermocline at determined by comparing the salinity Sulu
Bohol Sea
further brings out the stratification
Sea
50–70 m rapidly gives way to cooler, differences between the PhilEx cruises
2000 2000
features of the Philippine waters,
Sulu Sea

January 2008 currents form energetic
eddies in response to complex wind
stress curl (Rypina et al., 2010; May
et al., 2011; Pullen et al., 2011), though
on average, the surface currents are
directed toward the South China Sea.
In June 2007, the surface flow was
saltier water at 200 m (Figure 4, upper
panels). The potential temperature (θ)
drops by ~ 10°C over only 100 m,
from 70 to 170 m, coinciding with an
intense pycnocline in which density
increases by nearly three sigma-0 units,
from 22.5 to 25.2. The June 2007 early
is found to reach to about 130 m, into
the mid thermocline.
The relatively warm thermocline data
(Figure 4) are from the western Pacific
adjacent to San Bernardino and Surigao
straits. In the salinity profiles, these
stations display a pronounced salinity
Oceanography | march 2011
9 10 11 12 13 14 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6
particularly the “gap” between the
Potential Temperature (oC) Oxygen (ml/L) western North Pacific saline subtrop-
Figure 4. ctD temperature and salinity obtained on the June 2007 Philex exploratory cruise, ical water and fresher thermocline
the January 2008 regional cruise, and the march 2009 regional cruise. (upper panels) Potential water of the Philippine waters, as
temperature and salinity profiles with pressure (depth) for the upper 400 m for the three
Philex cruises. (lower panels) Potential temperature and salinity scatter plot. The lower right
well as the attenuated North Pacific
panel shows the 6° to 13°c strata. Intermediate Water s-min in Mindoro
and Panay straits.
Two CTD stations (Figure 4, upper
panels) in the southern Sulu Sea from
19

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
March 2009 show relatively warm, salty
water between 125 and 150 m, marking
the trough of solitons observed in that
area (Jackson et al., 2011).
Deep Basin Ventilation
The Philippine seas are composed of
numerous deep basins isolated from one
another by topographic barriers. There is
the open deep Pacific Ocean to the east;
there are the relatively large seas to the
west and south of the Philippines (the
Sulu, South China, and Sulawesi seas);
and there are the smaller interior seas,
minimum. For example, the Bohol Sea
oxygen minimum near 12°C is observed
spreading near 300 m throughout
the Sulu Sea, with traces entering
into Panay Strait.
The effective sill depths are found by
matching the bottom temperature with
the temperature profile of the external
source water. The shallower the sill, the
warmer the basin waters. The relation-
ship of source sill depth θ/S to deep
basin water θ/S depends on the mixing
of ~ 500 m. The oxygen minimum of
the Sibuyan Sea serves as the overflow
water source for the South Sibuyan Sea,
which, with further oxygen consump-
tion, accounts for the near zero oxygen
(< 0.3 ml l -1) of the southern Sibuyan Sea
bottom water.
The coldest deep basin is that of
the Sulu Sea. The source of deep Sulu
Sea water is generally considered to be
South China Sea water entering through
Mindoro Strait (Broecker et al., 1986).
water of the Sulu Sea.
PhilEx observations of stratification
and currents between June 2007 and
March 2009 reveal a strong overflow
between 400- to 570-m depth from
Panay Strait into the Sulu Sea (Tessler
et al., 2010). The overflow water is
derived from approximately 400-m deep
in the South China Sea. Sulu Sea strati-
fication indicates that the overflow does
not descend below 1250 m in the Sulu
Sea, but rather settles above high-salinity
deep water. The mean observed overflow
transport at the sill is 0.32 Sv, with a
While Sulu Sea ventilation to
~ 1250 m is drawn from the 570-m-deep
northern sill in Panay Strait, we specu-
late that the deeper Sulu water may be
derived from the Sulawesi Sea to the
south by way of the Sibutu Passage. The
Sibutu Passage sill is around 350 m, but
delivers denser water into the Sulu Sea
than does the South China Sea. This
is primarily because of the shallower
pycnocline of the Sulawesi Sea compared
to that found in the South China Sea,
and the strong tidal heaving of the Sibutu
Passage pycnocline that can lead to
time Serie S
The time series of moored velocity obser-
vations provide a longer-term context
for the “archipelago-scale” fieldwork
undertaken as part of PhilEx (Figure 1),
such as the synoptic shipborne flow and
property measurements of the regional
survey described above, and the short-
term drifter deployments (Ohlmann
et al., 2011). The high-resolution time
series data from the moorings are also
used as an important metric to test the
veracity of numerical models in the
Philippine region (e.g., Hurlburt et al.,

“
most notably the Bohol and Sibuyan
residence time of 11 years in the affected rather startling solitons within the Sulu 2011; Pullen et al., 2011).
seas, and the still smaller Visayan and
Sulu layer from 575 to 1250 m. Sea (Apel et al., 1985). The current measurements from
Camotes seas (Figure 1). Below roughly
500 m, these seas have marked differ-
[Philex] POiNtS the Way tOWarD FUrther, the PhilEx moorings (Figure 5) in
mOre qUaNtitatiVe reSearch aND illUStrateS the Mindoro, Panay, Tablas, and Dipolog
ences in θ (and S) and oxygen values
straits (see Figure 1 for locations) reveal

from each other and from the source
water column of the open western North
Pacific. The deep Sulu Sea has a potential
temperature of 9.9°C, the deep Bohol Sea
11.6°C, and the Sibuyan Sea 10.4°C; the
”
NeeD FOr hiGh SPatial aND temPOral reSOlUtiON Along-Strait Velocity 150 m
much variability and baroclinity over
iN BOth OBSerVatiONS aND mODeliNG. 0.4
the ~ 15-month deployment period.
0.2 At 150 m, the strong southward flows
at Mindoro and Panay are evident

southern Sibuyan Sea is slightly warmer
at 10.7°C, with the warmest isolated
basin; and the Camotes Sea has a bottom
potential temperature of 13.2°C.
These marked property differences
are a product of sill depths of the topo-
graphic barriers to the neighboring
seas. The isolated deep basins are
ventilated by spillover at the topo-
graphic barriers that then descend to
the depths, replacing resident water
made less dense by vertical mixing. The
environment at the controlling sill and
the mixing/entrainment environment
of the descending plume: the effective
sill depth is less deep than the deepest
passage as determined by sonic surveys.
The warmest deep basin is the interior
Camotes Sea, with a controlling sill
depth of less than 300 m. The oxygen
of the Camotes deep water is near
0 ml l -1, indicating slow ventilation rela-
velocity (m/s)
0
as two intraseasonal (30–60 day)
−0.2 pulses during the northeast monsoon
However, the deep salty bottom water (December–February). During the
−0.4
of the Sulu Sea does not match a sole southwest monsoon (April–October)
South China Sea source (Figure 4, lower −0.6 when the flow is mainly northward at
right panel). Quadfasel et al. (1990) Mindoro Panay Tablas Dipolog 150 m in Mindoro and Panay, the flow
−0.8
recognized that the density of the 2008 F M A M J J A S O N D 2009 F M is more southward at Tablas. Some of
South China Sea source cannot reach Along-Strait Velocity 420 m this southward Tablas flow is probably
the bottom of the Sulu Sea unless there siphoned off to contribute to the stronger
0.4
is substantial addition of suspended northward flow observed at Mindoro
sediment to make for a denser blend. 0.2 compared to Panay during this period.
Based on evidence from sedimentary The along-strait flow at 150 m in Dipolog

resident water is lifted upward by denser
overflow water, and is subsequently
exported to the surrounding seas to
close the overturning circulation cell.
As these waters are reduced in oxygen
by the rain of organic material from
the sea surface, their export to neigh-
boring seas can be traced as an oxygen
tive to the oxygen consumption. The
oxygen levels of the bottom water of
the southern Sibuyan Sea are also near
0 ml l -1. They are slightly warmer than
the bottom water of the main Sibuyan
Sea. The South Sibuyan Sea has an effec-
tive sill depth of ~ 400 m, while the main
Sibuyan Sea has an effective sill depth
velocity (m/s)
0
records of the Sulu Sea, Quadfasel et al. Strait exhibits more of a short-period
(1990) suggest that episodic turbidity −0.2 (15–20 day) signal and is primarily
currents from the South China Sea at eastward. At 300-m depth, the flow in
−0.4
intervals of several decades (on average all four passages is also characterized by
50 years) may have played an important −0.6 short-period variability (not shown). At
role in plunging dense water toward the 420 m, there is high coherence between
−0.8
bottom of the Sulu Sea. However, this 2008 F M A M J J A S O N D 2009 F M the consistently strong southward flow
still would not explain the salty bottom through Mindoro and Panay straits.
Figure 5. along-strait velocity at 150 m and 420 m measured at the moorings
shown in Figure 1. At this depth, the flow is near bottom
Oceanography | march 2011 21

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Municipality of Malay
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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 in Mindoro Strait and often slightly is of prime importance in ventilating (based on ADCP and CTD data) in these cores are tilted across Dipolog Strait with export in the 300–350-m interval miNDOrO aND PaNay
stronger than that observed at Panay the subsurface layers of the Bohol Sea. channels is negligible, but this channel (Figure 6), with the outflow strongest toward the Sulu Sea derived from the thrOUGhFlOW
Strait, although the deeper, near-bottom The eastern end of the Bohol Sea is may be an effective way to deliver river at the northern side of the strait and upwardly displaced resident water. This Mindoro and Panay straits connect
flow in Panay Strait (~520 m) can connected to the Pacific Ocean across runoff from the islands of the central the inflow strongest along the southern water is low in oxygen (~ 1.3 ml l-1) and the Sulu Sea with the South China Sea.
reach velocities of > 1 m s-1. This strong the broad, shallow Leyte Sea through Philippines, and reduce the SSS of the side, consistent with the Coriolis force; is the likely source of a low-oxygen core These straits exhibit much variability
benthic overflow contributes to the the 58-m-deep Surigao Strait, where northern Bohol Sea. the deep overflow is confined by the within the Sulu Sea within that depth in depth and width. Apo Reef near
ventilation of the deep Sulu Sea (Tessler there appears to be a small net flow of The LADCP profiles reveal the constrictive seafloor topography. interval. Estimates from the LADCP 12.66°N represents a significant obstacle
et al., 2010). In Dipolog Strait, the near- surface water into the eastern Bohol Sea. highly layered circulation profile within One can envision a double estuary and mooring time series suggest that the within Mindoro Strait (Ohlmann, 2011).
bottom 420-m flow is strongly eastward As described above, Surigao inflow Dipolog Strait (Figure 6), with two layers overturning circulation within the Bohol deep overturning circulation amounts to Between Mindoro and Panay straits
from the Sulu Sea into the Bohol Sea, streams across the northern Bohol Sea of inflow into the Bohol Sea and two Sea (Figure 7). The shallow estuary ~ 0.2 Sv. The westward transport in the south of the Semirara islands (11°N,
although as in the shallower layers, the to be exported into the Sulu Sea through outflow layers. Near the topographic sill circulation is composed of surface water upper limb of the shallow cell, as esti- 121°30'E), there is an east-west offset
flow here is also characterized by strong Dipolog Strait. The northern Bohol Sea where the PhilEx mooring was sited, the outflow to the Sulu Sea, compensated mated from the PhilEx cruises’ LADCP of the these straits, where Tablas Strait
15–20-day variability. is connected to San Bernardino Strait by flow into the Bohol Sea occurs within the with upwelling by entrainment of ther- data across Dipolog Strait, may amount connects Mindoro and Panay straits with
way of a 330-km-long narrow channel thermocline from roughly 80 to 200 m mocline inflow waters into the Bohol Sea, to ~ 0.5 Sv, part of which is drawn from the Sibuyan interior sea. The sea between
BOhOl Se a that runs through the Camotes Sea to and in the benthic layer overflow at the bolstered by the Surigao throughflow. Surigao Strait. As the LADCP average Mindoro and Panay straits may be
With a sill depth of 504 m, the enter the Bohol Sea both to the east and Dipolog sill. The 150-m and 420-m time The deeper estuary overturning circula- for the lower limb is ~ 0.2 Sv, the Surigao considered a triple junction of connec-
47-km-wide (as measured between the west of Bohol Island. This channel has series (Figure 5), which show eastward tion is controlled by dense water overflow Strait throughflow is probably around tive passages. This region received much
100-m isobaths) Dipolog Strait between an 18-m-deep constriction to the north- flow, are consistent with the LADCP to the depths of the Bohol Sea within 0.3 Sv, assuming the Bohol Sea river PhilEx attention in the form of process
Negros and Mindanao separates the east of Bohol Island and a 3-km-wide, data. The two layers exported into the the lower 50–100 m of Dipolog Strait, inflow is negligible. studies. That analysis is under way, and
Bohol Sea from the Sulu Sea and is the though deep (280 m), channel to the Sulu Sea consist of the surface water
deepest connection of the Bohol Sea to northwest of Bohol Island. PhilEx obser- of the upper 50 m and a second layer
surrounding seas. The Dipolog Strait vations indicate that the throughflow centered at 300 m. The inflow/outflow

Sulu Sea ‘Double’ Estuary Pattern Bohol Sea

North South North South Low salinity surface water export

Westward Eastward 54 55 56 57 58 54 55 56 57 58
0 0 0
Shallow Estuary
Towards Sulu Towards South
Towards North
Out of Bohol Sea “Pervasive” O2-min
Mainly northern side of strait
100
2
into Bohol Sea 100 100
Towards Bohol

200 200 200

Sulu O2-max, 400-600 m derived from South China Sea
Towards Sulu Base of O2-max ~600 m
Depth (m)

Dipolog Sill
Depth (m)

300 300 300

Dipolog Strait Throughflow 500 m Deep Estuary

Out of Bohol Sea

400 400
Towards Bohol 400 Figure 7. Schematic representation
123°00'E 123°30'E
of the water exchange between the 47 km wide at 100 m
9°00'N
Bohol Sea and the Sulu Sea through
500
Bohol
500 500
Dipolog Strait. The depiction is
Dipolog Dipolog based on the ctD-O2/laDcP data
Bohol
Sulu
Overflow into Bohol Sea LADCP
from the Philex cruises shown in
8°30'N
U V
600
Figures 4 and 6.
-0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
U (m/sec)
Distance (km) m/sec
-0.4 0.0 0.4

Figure 6. regional 2008 laDcP data from within Dipolog Strait. (left) laDcP profiles of the zonal flow within the deep channel shown in the
map insert. The position of the moorings is shown as a yellow triangle. (right) The laDcP section across Dipolog Strait showing zonal and
meridional currents.

Oceanography | march 2011 23 24 Oceanography | Vol.24, No.1

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
outside of the scope of this regional is found throughout the Sulu Sea, and this region (Pullen et al., 2008, 2011) South China Sea Mindoro/Panay Straits Sulu Sea
oceanography view. enters into the Bohol Sea as part of a that can obscure the mean, longer-term Western intensified Center channel flow Western intensified
The 150-m and 450-m mooring time deep limb of the shallow overturning conditions. In the upper 150 m, there Low salinity Sulu surface water 0-150 m 20-50 cm/s

Apo reef
series (Figure 5) reveal much along-strait circulation cell. is net flow toward the South China SCS S-min/S-max layering, ~150-350 m ~10 cm/s, weakens as summer monsoon evolves

flow variability in Panay and Mindoro
straits. The mean throughflow in Panay
Strait at 150 m is northward, albeit
weak from April through October, with
strong southward flow during the winter
months. The Panay Strait January 2008
and March 2009 LADCP profiles near
the mooring site (Figure 8a) show a net
transfer of surface water above ~ 100 m
from the Sulu Sea into the South China
Sea, with flow toward the Sulu Sea
associated with the s-max below 150 m,
and stronger flow below 400 m feeding
the overflow into the Sulu Sea (Tessler
et al., 2010). The South China Sea s-max
The Mindoro throughflow (Figures 5
and 8b) is similar to the Panay structure.
The flow above 150 m is toward the
South China Sea, that is, to the north-
west (the along-strait orientation at the
mooring site), with reversals during the
winter months (Figure 5); below 300 m,
the flow is toward Panay Strait with weak
intervening flow.
A schematic of the Mindoro/Panay
throughflow (Figure 9) provides a sense
of the mean throughflow conditions.
However, wind-induced energetic eddies
as observed in January–February 2008
induce much intraseasonal activity in
Sea. Eddies are generated as this flow
O2 -max ~500 m Sulu Sea
encounters Apo Reef (Ohlmann, 2011). Benthic layer spill-over into Sulu
Mindoro Strait
At and below 150 m, the flow is toward 10-60 cm/s
~500 m
the Sulu Sea. Above ~ 500 m, this water
Panay Strait
spreads at a similar depth into the Sulu ~600 m entrainment
Sea, marking an s-max near 300 m and
an oxygen maximum near 500 m, traces
Semirara
of which enter into the Bohol Sea. Spill Sea
over topographic sills occurs into the
Semirara Sea (the isolated 1300-m-deep
basin south of the Semirara islands) and
over the Panay sill to depths of 1200 m in
the Sulu Sea (Figure 4a, lower left panel;
Tessler et al., 2010).

Figure 9. Schematic representation of the water exchange between the South china Sea and the Sulu Sea through mindoro
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10
and Panay straits. The depiction is based on the ctD-O2/laDcP data from the Philex regional 2008 and 2009 cruises.
-20 -10 0 10 20
30 30 20 20
12°00'N
IOP-09: 92-94 IOP-09: 115-117
Panay
20 20 10 10 cONclUSiON stratification and impact both climate acKNOWleDGemeNtS
11°30'N The region stretching 3400 km from and the marine ecosystem. This work was supported by Office
10 cm/sec
Australia to Southeast Asia, which may To provide context for the studies of Naval Research grant N00014-09-
10 10 0 0
121°30'E 122°00'E
121°00'E
be referred to as a “mega” archipelago, included in this collection of PhilEx 1-0582 to Lamont-Doherty Earth
Mindoro
0 separating the western Pacific and results, this article presented a brief over- Observatory of Columbia University,
10 cm/sec
-100 eastern tropical Indian oceans, repre- view of a selection of topics depicting ONR-N00014-06-1-0690 to Scripps
0 0 -10 -10
sents a complex, yet fascinating oceanic the regional oceanography of Philippine Institution of Oceanography, and
0 12°00'N -200
environment. The western Pacific “sees” Archipelago waters. More thorough ONR- N0001406C0578 to ESR. Lamont-
-100 -300
a porous western boundary, representing analysis of each topic has been done else- Doherty Earth Observatory contribution
-10 -10 -20 -20
-200 -400
a challenge for both observational where or is presently in preparation. number 7419.
-300 and model research to unravel. The PhilEx did much to advance our
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10
regional circulation responds to strong understanding of the waters of the reFereNce S
-20 -400 -20
Figure 8. laDcP vectors color coded for depth in Panay and mindoro straits Apel, J.R., J.R. Holbrook, J. Tsai, and A.K. Liu.
monsoonal winds textured by moun- Philippine Archipelago. It points the
from January 2008 data. For Panay Strait stations, 92, 93, and 94 are averaged; 1985. The Sulu Sea internal solitons experi-
for mindoro Strait, 115, 116, and 117 are averaged. The map inset for each tainous islands, and to complex ocean way toward further, more quantitative ment. Journal of Physical Oceanography
panel shows laDcP station positions; the green triangle marks the mooring bottom morphology—all amidst a research and illustrates the need for high 15(12):1,625–1,651.
-30 -30
site in each strait. Arango, H.G., J.C. Levin, E.N. Curchitser, B. Zhang,
multitude of isolated deep basins within spatial and temporal resolution in both A.M. Moore, W. Han, A.L. Gordon, C.M. Lee,
-20 -10 0 10 20 a network of interconnecting straits. observations and modeling. and J.B. Girton. 2011. Development of a
hindcast/forecast model for the Philippine
Their actions modify the thermohaline Archipelago. Oceanography 24(1):58–69.

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Oceanography | march 2011 27
Municipality of Malay
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Inventory of Flora and Fauna
Marine Species Inventory

Most marine species enlisted are labelled with a conservation status of

‘least concern’ in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature
(IUCN). However, species such as parrot fish are already considered as
near threatened; sea stars threatened; and puffer fish vulnerable. Parrot
fishes have been proven to have significant ecological importance in
a way where it consumes algae and dead corals; in return, it excretes
large amount of sand deposits which help prevent coastal erosion and
help build up the sea bed. Meanwhile, sea stars and puffer fish help
alleviate marine algal population by consuming them.

Table 2.4 Marine Species Inventory Figure 2.15 Marine Life Eel Figure 2.18 Marine Life Parrot Fish
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph
Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status
White sea slug Ardeadoris egretta
Willan’s Chromodoris Chromodoris Willani
Dotted nudibranch Jorunna funebris
Clownfish Ampiprion ocellaris Least concern
Blue tang Paracanthurus Least concern
hepatus
Bannerfish/Pennant Heniochus Least concern
coral fish acuminatus
Yellow-tailed damsel Chrysiptera Least concern
parasema
Moray eel Muraena retifera Least concern
Parrot fish Scarus guacamaia Near threatened
Figure 2.16 Marine Life Clownfish Figure 2.19 Marine Life Puffer
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph
Long-spine Diodon holocanthus Least concern
porcupine fish
Puffer fish Tetraodon pustulatus Vulnerable
Sea star Asterias rubens Threatened
Emperor angel fish Pomacanthus Least concern
imperator
Neon slug Nembrotha
kubaryana
Nudibranch
Rhinophores
Ribbon eel/Bernis eel Rhinomuraena Least concern
quaesita
Ribbon egg
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022
Figure 2.17 Marine Life Parrot Fish Figure 2.20 Marine Life Starfish
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph

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Figure 2.24 Flabellina Goddardi Figure 2.11 Seen at the dive site in Laguna de Boracay Figure 2.12 Diving Site at Laurel Island
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph

Figure 2.25 Yapak Diving Site Figure 2.21 Marine Life Underwater Angel Figure 2.13 Marine Life Blue Tang and Banner
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph

Figure 2.23 Diving Site at Punta Bunga Figure 2.23 Diving Site at Balinghai Figure 2.14 Yellow-Tailed Damsel
Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph Source: Calypso Diving Team Source: altavistadeboracay.com.ph

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Figure 2.22 Nembrotha Kubaryana Figure 2.29 Canarium asperum, locally known as “Pili” Figure 2.32 Rhizophora
Source: pinterest.com Source: sylviatramos.blog Source: tropical.theferns.info

Table 2.5 Flora Inventory

Local Name Scientific Name
Uagayan Alstonia macrophylla
Dita Alstonia scholaris
Pagsahingan Canarium asperum
Malabuyo Pittosporum moluccanum
Bignay Antidesma bunius Figure 2.34 Sterculla foetida
Figure 2.30 Macaranga tanarius, locally known as “Binunga”
Kalumpang Sterculia foetida Source: tropical.theferns.info Source: tropical.theferns.info

Binunga Macaranga tanarius

Bangkal Nauclea Orientalis
Tugas Vitex parviflora
Agohos Casuariana sp.
Pandan dagat Pandanus polycephalus
Bakawan Spneratia alba; Rhizophora
apiculatya
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

Figure 2.31 Pittosporum moluccanum Figure 2.35 Vitex parviflora

Source: phytpimages.siu.edu Source: tropical.theferns.info

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 Threatened Species

Species Conservation Status

Golden-Crowned Flying Fox
Endangered
(Aceradon jubatus)
Giant Fruit Bat
Near threatened
(Pteropus vampyrus)
Small Flying Fox
Least concern
(Pteropus hypomelanus)
Monkeys Near threatened — vulnerable
Malay monitor lizard
Least concern
Figure 2.36 Alstonia scholaris, locally known as “Dita”
(Varanatus salvator) Figure 2.13 Pteropus Vampyrus
Source: photomazza.com Python Source: Dreamstime.com
Least concern
(Python reticulatus)
Source: Municipality of Malay CLUP, 2013-2022

Figure 2.11 Antidesma bunius, locally known as “Bignay” Figure 2.14 Monkey
Source: toptropicals.com Source: newsko.com.ph

Figure 2.41 Python Reticulatos

Source: Pinterest.com

Figure 2.12 Sonneratia alba Figure 2.38 Pteropus Hypomelanus

Source: Panorama.solutions Source: Dreamstime.com

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LGU Position Paper

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Technical Working Group Meetings
First TWG Meeting
Attendance

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 6.1.2Meeting:
1st TWG Minutes of the Meeting
Minutes of the Meeting

Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING

INTERNAL INTERNAL
Date 01/03/2018 Date 01/03/2018
EXTERNAL EXTERNAL

Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person
Local Government of Malay Local Government of Malay
Project Name/Activity Contact No. Project Name/Activity Contact No.
Malay Master Plan for Tourism Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Project Location/ Company Address Email Project Location/ Company Address Email

Project No.: Venue: Malay Municipal Hall, Malay, Aklan Time Started: 9:00 PM Time Finished: 2:00 PM Project No.: Venue: Malay Municipal Hall, Malay, Aklan Time Started: 9:00 PM Time Finished: 2:00 PM

AGENDA: Contract Signing and First Technical Working Group (TWG) Meeting AGENDA: Contract Signing and First Technical Working Group (TWG) Meeting

ATTENDEES ATTENDEES
Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company

1. 6. 11. 1. 6. 11.

2. 7. 12. 2. 7. 12.

3. 8. 13. 3. 8. 13.

4. 9. 14. 4. 9. 14.

5. 10. 15. 5. 10. 15.

SUMMARY SUMMARY
Items Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date Items Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

1. Initial Discussion 2. Forum

· Tourist Arrival: 5000 per day · Architecture (Green) for Municipal Hall; examples from Dubai
· “Most developed, clean; 1st class infrastructure. Concerns: Flood, Garbage, Water, Transportation” · Island renewal; non­compliance certification
· "Concern: Population increase (urbanization)” · “Highlight Malay instead of Boracay”
· “Concern: Environmental degradation” · No sidewalks
· “Sustain Value in Boracay and expand to Malay Mainland. Concern: Population management” · Mentioned Singapore
· Ordinance: 40% open space (for 2 has. Lot­ 50% green space but can build higher) · No to Billboards at airport areas
· Inclusive Zoning, recommended by Arch. Palafox · Palafox design principles
· Bikable, well­connected, vertical gardens, green urbanism & architecture; taxation, auditors to check; · Drivers said that the areas along the river are flood­prone
behave like developers · FPJr: “Identify local housing before urban development; look for jobs for boatmen before the cable
· “Integrate Malay culture into the development and as a part of tourism” car; Pick the tourists' pocket before they go to Boracay; Postcards from the future; Marawi “The
· Payment for visual impact: strong sense of arrival Unifier”
· "Acquisition of properties; local opposition" · Tagline: “Malay, Aklan” “Malay” “Caticlan, Malay” “Boracay, Malay”
· FPJr: Certificate of ownership­ good for 10 years · Planning examples; Secondary Urban Growth Centers
· " sidewalks­ safe and wider; people getting richer have then walk more" · Colleges and Healthcare & Wellness to incorporate in Malay
· Recommendations: “Greener Malay & Healthy Malay”, National roads with sidewalks & streetlights, · Make tourist attractions accessible to PWDs
more public toilet, municipal hall: strong sense of culture · Convergence, Connectivity, Corridors
· FPJr: “10 trees : 1 car”; bikeable from airport, “Think like developers”, “Respect easements”, · “To preserve the island, we must develop the Mainland”
“Postpone unnecessary traffic”, foot pathwalk of the stops; great Boston vs. More heat sickness · 2 weeks of sharing from Malay locals

· Strong implementation of the Ati Village ownership rights

· ”Boracay for tourists and business men exclusivity 3. TWG Briefing

· FPJr: grid to grid basis to green, best practices, “Malay as mouse trap”, Mixed­Use · Project Team

· "Transport: chooses their own customers; maybe move to other modes of tranpo; LGU can request · Mayor: “Magkaiba ang code ng Boracay and Mainland”

for certificate" · need to clarify the Planning Horizon

· “Many are taking lead on how to renew Boracay but when troubles arise, it is their Mayor's fault; · FPJr: “Identify the 'Top 5' 2 weeks Best Time to visit Boracay and the 'Top 5” Worst

social media: press releases early · Certificate of Non­conformance

· 7 months: prospect duration · FPJr: “Within 50 meters, no concrete construction, because it is prone to erosion.”

· “What will happen after CLUP?” · FPJr: “Propose unique building codes for Boracay Island and Mainland Malay.”

· “No framework to materialize the projects mentioned in the CLUP” · “Tourist attractions do not only bring in tourists but also criminals.”
· Mayor: “Oil spill is a long term threat. (turns white sand into brown)”
· FPJr: “Tricycles contribute to noise, air and visual pollution; billboards are visual pollution.”
· Boat cruise stay for at least twelve (12) hours.
· Malay Development Foundation­ tree planting (1/3 people, 1/3 cars, 1/3 trees)
· FPJr: “Identify the Poverty rate of Malay.”

1 of ___
Page ___ 3 2 of ___
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Cc: Cc: Prepared by:
Shermaine Ann J. Chen
112 Municipality of Malay Municipality of Malay (Name & Signature)

PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Makati CBD, 1227, Metro Manila, Philippines PALAFOX
The Premier Tourist ASSOCIATES | 5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Makati CBD, 1227, Metro Manila, Philippines
Destination 113 247
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | masterplan@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | masterplan@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com
 Second TWG Meeting
Attendance
Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING

INTERNAL
Date 01/03/2018
EXTERNAL

Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person

Local Government of Malay
Project Name/Activity Contact No.
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Project Location/ Company Address Email

Project No.: Venue: Malay Municipal Hall, Malay, Aklan Time Started: 9:00 PM Time Finished: 2:00 PM

AGENDA: Contract Signing and First Technical Working Group (TWG) Meeting

ATTENDEES
Name Company Name Company Name Company

1. 6. 11.

2. 7. 12.

3. 8. 13.

4. 9. 14.

5. 10. 15.

SUMMARY
Items Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

· “Tourism Code to incorporate in the Scope of Services

· Medical Tourism­ Traditional methods
· TWG Proposed two (2) PubCon­ Mainland and Boracay Island
· FPJr: “Malay, the center of the world.”
· Cultural and Heritage
· San Miguel Corporation (SMC) bought lands on the mountains
· Coral Reef Revitalization­ find cause for the destruction first (oil spill, pollution, anchoring to corals)
· Have proper marina
· Transfer RORO
· SMC participation in CLUP generation
· Boracay Land ownership issues
· CLUP­ done on premise that lands are owned by the government Summary of the 2nd TWG Meeting
· Legal Consultancy on property rights
· DENR harassment despite of signed agreement
23 January 2018. A TWG Meeting was held a day prior to the Visioning Workshop, in order to clarify
· SC pronounced 30­year tax payment makes you owner of the land
· CLUP­ forest lands with tenured occupants some concerns on the scope of the projects, especially on the Tourism Renewal Infrastructure Project
· DENR classification issues of lands (TRIP). The Palafox Team confirmed the submission date of the Inception Report on February 2, and
presented a detailed outline of the deliverable. It was also agreed upon that the TWG will have two
weeks to review the submitted report, and a Notice to Proceed will be requested to officially resume to
the next phase of the project. On the submission of the Progress Report, the Palafox Team requested
again for additional baseline data.

The second half of the TWG meeting was about the program for the Visioning Workshop. The TWG
was briefed of the visioning exercises, and how the roles for the workshop will be distributed.

3 of ___
Page ___ 3
Cc: Prepared by:
Shermaine Ann J. Chen
(Name & Signature)
Municipality of Malay
248 PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Makati CBD, 1227, Metro Manila, Philippines
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | masterplan@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Minutes
5.1.3ofPhoto
the Meeting
Documentation Third TWG Meeting
Attendance

EnP. Abbey Bravo presenting to the TWG

the details of the submittals, as well as some
clarifications regarding the scope of services.

The TWG Meeting was facilitated by MPDC,

Ms. Alma Belejerdo, and Tourism Officer, Mr.
Felix Delos Santos.

Tourism Specialist Mr. Carlos Libosada

explaining current situation of tourism in
Malay.

Group photo of Palafox Team with

Malay TWG and Executive Assistant Mr.
Edgardo Sancho.

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3rd TWG10.3 3rd TWG
Meeting: Meeting
Minutes and Documentation FourthTWG Meeting
Attendance
A TWG Meeting was held on March 21, 2018 to discuss the plan for
the Public Consultation on the following day. The meeting revolved
around how to tackle the sensitive issue on Boracay’s closure, and
the Palafox’s relevance to this. The program flow and the rationale
for the workshops were explained during the meeting as well. After
which, the TWG members are briefed regarding the roles of everyone
for the Public Consultation.

Opening remarks by Mr. Felix Delos Santos, head of Malay LGU Tourism Department

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 23 TWG Meeting
10.4
4th 4th TWG
TWG Meeting
Meeting: Minutes and Documentation
Another TWG Meeting was held on March 23, 2018, after the Public Consultation. The following were Minutes of the Meeting
discussed during the meeting: Date March 23, 2018
INTERNAL
EXTERNAL

• Points to improve on based from the outcome of the Public Consultation Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person Client/ Company/ School/ Organizati
Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo Malay Municipal Government
-the venue should take into consideration the logistics Project Name/Activity
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Contact No.
9988433464
Project Name/Activity
Malay Master Plan for Tourism

-program flow should be given to the LGU earlier Project Location

Malay, Aklan
Email
mpdc_office@yahoo.com
Project Location
Malay, Aklan
Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Poblacion Multi-Purpose Hall Time Started: 10:00 am Time Finished: 2:00 pm Project No.: 171056 Ven
-Palafox team will draft the invitation letter, while the Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel
AGENDA: 3rd TWG Meeting and Pub Con feedbacking Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel
AGENDA: 3rd TWG Meetin
LGU will help send out the invitations
-only key stakeholders should be invited next time ATTENDEES ATTENDEES
Name Company Name Company Name Company Name
• The results of the public consultation Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates Francis Dean Ong

• The Vice Mayor should be invited to be a TWG member Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates Niño Paulo Siñez Malay LGU Raina Lim

Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera ESCA, Inc. Dennis T. Briones Malay LGU Albert Tanching
• Next steps Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates Alma Belejerdo Malay LGU Ruel Ramos

-Submission of Interim Report Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associates Merell Prado Malay LGU Elritz Gallo

-Need to request from DENR and CENRO the following: cadastral map and land SUMMARY SUMMARY
Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date
classification map A. Boracay Tourism Renewal Master Plan I. Mainland Sewage and
-the planning department of Malay LGU will plot the 1. Road sections are needed 1. Mainland has no sewga
2. Existing carriageway : 2. Water Supply- MWD (no
land owned and will be owned by the LGU a) 5 meters (carriageway)
1.5-1.5 sidewalk J. Tambisaan and Bel-a
-the Palafox team needs to review all data sent 3. 25+5 easement 1. For tourists only during
4. Road sections (12 m RROW) 2. Boundaries for Tambisa
• With the urgent issue of Boracay closure, the team needs to fast track the project. 5. Access to the beach 3. For Sir Jaylord: Color-c
6. Request for cadastral map – Boracay
• Clarification of the scope for the T.R.I.P. and revision of the content of the Interim Report to suit the K. Public Consultation
B. Bride Connecting Boracay and Mainland 1. Make clear the activities
current situation. 1. "Bridge" mode of transport (monorail, vehicle bridge, etc.) 2. Make clear program an
Get the capacity of each type of water transport for people. 3. Avoid miscommunicatio
Tourism office proposed tourism circuits 2 weeks ago, instructed by the governor. 4. Add Vice Mayor to the T
Metro Boracay, 6 municipalities, questions about Romblon because it is in a different region
Malay LGU has a lot to offer for tourism but the capacity will not be sufficient to the current demand L. Conceptual Schemes
so they will tap other municipalities and provinces. 1. Property boundaries for
2. Road network survey a
C. Construction of New Arterial Roads and Connecting Roads 3. Harbor City
1. Diversion Road or alternative route from Nabas to Buruanga 4. Bridge
5. Boracay Main Road Wi
D. Harbor City 6. Beach walk beautificatio
1. LGU has no initial studies, except interviews from people 7. Boracay Tourism Rene
8. Docking Area- needs p
E. Housing Projects 9. Eco-tourism sites- need
1. Check Local Shelter Plan, 2014
M. Other Notes
F. Commercial and Transport Complex 1. Caticlan beahc front- co
1. Has location but no exact boundaries 2. San Miguel Corp.- own
2. needs boundary maps (No exact properties, it's just a proposal) 3. Study: Alternative entry
3. 2 has- commercial and trnasport terminal docking only
4. the rest of the propoerty will be alloted to socialized housing

G. Boracay Roads
1. Circumferential- 12 m. min
2. Access roads- Station 3- 3 m, Station X- 3 m., Talipapa- 3m, Regency- 3m
3. Needs road network map with width of roads
Note: Client will submit a fi
H. Boracay Sewage and Drainage Plan
1. TIEZA and BIWC

Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines
From left: Ms. Abbey Bravo and Ms. Karmi Palafox from Palafox Associates, Mr. Felix delos Santos,
Jr. from Malay Tourism Dept., Ms. Alma Belejerdo and Ms. Catherine Tumaob from Malay MPDO

Page 14

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 23 TWG Meeting (2)

Minutes of the Meeting

INTERNAL INTERNAL
Date March 23, 2018
EXTERNAL EXTERNAL

Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person

Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo
Project Name/Activity Contact No.
Malay Master Plan for Tourism 9988433464

Project Location Email

Malay, Aklan mpdc_office@yahoo.com
Time Finished: 2:00 pm Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Poblacion Multi-Purpose Hall Time Started: 10:00 am Time Finished: 2:00 pm
Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel
AGENDA: 3rd TWG Meeting and Pub Con feedbacking

ATTENDEES
Company Name Company Name Company Name Company
Palafox Associates Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates

Malay LGU Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates Niño Paulo Siñez Malay LGU

Malay LGU Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera ESCA, Inc. Dennis T. Briones Malay LGU

Malay LGU Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates Alma Belejerdo Malay LGU

Malay LGU Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associates Merell Prado Malay LGU

SUMMARY
Remarks/Due Date Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

I. Mainland Sewage and Drainage

1. Mainland has no sewgae system
2. Water Supply- MWD (no waste water treatment)

J. Tambisaan and Bel-at Municipal Tourist Docking Area

1. For tourists only during Habagat season
2. Boundaries for Tambisaan, Tabon and Bel-at, Property area and shape
3. For Sir Jaylord: Color-coded maps of government-owned maps

K. Public Consultation
1. Make clear the activities on the tarpaulin/announcements/message relays
2. Make clear program and list of invitees
3. Avoid miscommunications
4. Add Vice Mayor to the TWG

L. Conceptual Schemes needed:

1. Property boundaries for the transport terminal
2. Road network survey and indicative plan
3. Harbor City
4. Bridge
5. Boracay Main Road Widening
6. Beach walk beautification Plan- boracay and mainland
7. Boracay Tourism Renewal Plan
8. Docking Area- needs property boundaries
9. Eco-tourism sites- needs property boundary maps, no proper RROWS, only identified waypoints

M. Other Notes
1. Caticlan beahc front- commercial
2. San Miguel Corp.- owns most of Caticlan
3. Study: Alternative entry points in Boracay, under the Provincial government; Bel-at (Yapak?)- for tourists
docking only

Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines

itz Gallo

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Public and Stakeholders Consultations and Workshops

Visioning Workshop
Attendance

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 Visioning Workshop: Photo Documentation
5.2.7 Photo Documentation

Group 4 discussing their ideas for the first

workshop output.

The members of the group three having their

design charette for their vision of the future
of Malay.

A representative of group 7 discussing their

output for the Visioning Workshop 2.

Group photo of Palafox Team with

Malay TWG and participants after the
successful Visioning Exercise.

Municipality of Malay
The Premier Tourist Destination 105

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First Public Consultation
Attendance

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 9.6 Minutes
1st Public of the First Public
Consultation: Consultation
Minutes PubConsultation PubConsultation (2)

Minutes of the Meeting Minutes of the Meeting

INTERNAL
INTERNAL Date March 22, 2018
Date March 22, 2018 EXTERNAL
EXTERNAL
Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person
Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person
Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo
Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo
Project Name/Activity Contact No.
Project Name/Activity Contact No.
Malay Master Plan for Tourism 9988433464
Malay Master Plan for Tourism 9988433464
Project Location Email
Project Location Email Malay, Aklan mpdc_office@yahoo.com
Malay, Aklan mpdc_office@yahoo.com Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Manoc-manoc Covered Court Time Started: 03:00 pm Time Finished: 05:30 pm
Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Manoc-manoc Covered Court Time Started: 03:00 pm Time Finished: 05:30 pm
Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel
Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel AGENDA: Public Consultation and Visioning Workshops
AGENDA: Public Consultation and Visioning Workshops

ATTENDEES
ATTENDEES
Name Company Name Company Name Company
Name Company Name Company Name Company
Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associafes
Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associafes
Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates
Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates
Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates
Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates
Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera Palafox Associates
Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera Palafox Associates
Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates
Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates
SUMMARY
SUMMARY
Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date
Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date
There is a survey before made by NAMRIA and at present, an ordinary surveyor surveyed again. Which of
A. Discussions the two will prevail?
1. Twelve (12) meters RROW for circumferential roads - There was a meeting between the LGU and DENR. There was a conflict in ordinance 131 in terms of the
2. Survey of NAMRIA will prevail for the 25+5 easement (completed in 2007) placement of markers. The LGU put up markers on 1998, while on 2007, the DENR also put up markers. It
3. No budget yet for implementation of projects would be reconciled now. However, the basis will be on DENR. The one done by NAMRIA is the 2007
4. No workshop in next pubcon, just presentation of plan and Q&A markers by DENR.
5. Carrying capacity of the island should be reviewed
6. Stations 1-3 passed the water quality test of DENR. Only Bulabog beach did not pass. Let's say, there is already an existing marker, and you already know during 2010 and built a building
7. Algal bloom increased, but there has always been algal bloom year in and year out. encroaching the markers, then it is a violation.
8. Palafox must fix the land use first.
9. There are nine (9) wetlands in Boracay Island. One will be restored, near Crown Regency.
There is a hotel that has a violation and built on top of a wetland, specifically a fishpond. But if there's a
B. Open Forum remedy, what remedy has been done and can it be taught to us.
1. Mrs. Anita Aguirre
- All violations already have notices from DENR. They already have show cause cost orders.
orders. If they can't show
Right now, the offset from the center of the road is 6 meters each side base from the LGU. However, from these, there would be a big liability. The identified wetland and timberland already has show cause cost order.
orders.It It
the DENR, it would be 15 meters each from the centerline of the road, base from Proclamation 1064 is also a liability when despite prohibited and was still able to acquire a permit, the person who provided
(DENR). the said permit is also liable. There would be processes, whether the development is small or big. They
have 15 days notice for non-compliance.
If there is a road widening, who will demolish the areas or parts of the buildings that encroached the
easement? In the LGU, if there are violations, it is very clear that all structures, temporary or permanent, should have a
- Base on the ordinance if there is a violation or there are structures encroaching within the 6 meter offset building permit. If the development doesn't have a building permit, it will be demolished.
from the centerline of the road, it will be demolished. Self-demolition or the local government will demolish Regarding the 25+5 meter easement, DENR declared that the one that will prevail is NAMRIA. The basis of
at the expense of the owner, especially if there is no building permit. the measurement is Proclamation 1064.

There already has been a 2014 survey from Cagban to circumferential road. We already issued a notice In addition, there were already some development that were issued certificate of compliance, however the
of violation to all that encroached. This time, the local government will implement this. Local government issue was that before they were compliant, but encroach afterwards.
will implement. This is why the DENR issued a show cost order to justify the existing legal documents. If the document
can't be produced, that means it is illegal.
In the beach area, the 25+5 meter easement, there's really violations. So, now, which of the development
will be demolished first? The last or the first one that was built? 2. Bambam Luces
Not here to blame. We're not in the boiling point. We're in a hot water.
What if they wouldn't comply yet, due to the smaller development waiting for the bigger establishments to How much is the budget if the we proceed with the deal with Palafox?
be demolished? - For the Palafox contract, we have 5.7 million. But for the proposed, we don't have yet.
- In the ordinance, there is no small or big structures. Temporary or permanent development should
comply in the 25+5 meters easement. In the ordinance, it is not stated which should be demolished first, if Why do we need Palafox for this? Why not use the 5.7 million for the rehabilitation of the sewerage and
it is already within power, it will be demolished. drainage? for the rehabilitation of Boracay? We have local Boracaynon professionals, why not hire them?
Our problems is sewerage, drainage, garbage, etc.? Why can't we concentrate on the problem?
What if we were given a compliance certificate, is it still subject for demolition? - There is a 1989 masterplan. The plan was not followed. The plan is not only for the island, but the whole
- It depends on who gave the compliance certificate and what is the basis. The person who issued the mainland as well.
said compliance be also become liable. They will have a liability there.

Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines

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 PubConsultation (4)

PubConsultation (3)

Minutes of the Meeting Minutes of the Meeting

INTERNAL
Date March 22, 2018 INTERNAL
EXTERNAL Date March 22, 2018
EXTERNAL
Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person
Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person
Project Name/Activity Contact No. Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo
Malay Master Plan for Tourism 9988433464 Project Name/Activity Contact No.
Project Location Email Malay Master Plan for Tourism 9988433464

Malay, Aklan mpdc_office@yahoo.com Project Location Email

Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Manoc-manoc Covered Court Time Started: 03:00 pm Time Finished: 05:30 pm Malay, Aklan mpdc_office@yahoo.com
Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Manoc-manoc Covered Court Time Started: 03:00 pm Time Finished: 05:30 pm
AGENDA: Public Consultation and Visioning Workshops
Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel
AGENDA: Public Consultation and Visioning Workshops

ATTENDEES
Name Company Name Company Name Company ATTENDEES
Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associafes Name Company Name Company Name Company

Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associafes

Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates

Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera Palafox Associates Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates

Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera Palafox Associates

SUMMARY Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates

Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

SUMMARY
Why do we need Palafox for this? Why not use the 5.7 million for the rehabilitation of the sewerage and Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date
drainage? for the rehabilitation of Boracay? We have local Boracaynon professionals, why not hire them?
Our problems is sewerage, drainage, garbage, etc.? Why can't we concentrate on the problem? 5. What is the connection of the Proposed plan of Palafox with the Proposed 150 has. Hotel Room and 23
- There is a 1989 masterplan. The plan was not followed. The plan is not only for the island, but the whole hectares Hotel Casino?
mainland as well. - 150 hectares is already existing, and that is the present Fairways and Bluewater. The next new
development should follow with the rules and guidelines set by the plan.
This is an island not a city. The plan will be beautiful and would fit if it is still a virgin island. Palafox Associates are not involved with the said proposed development. For clarification, this is the first
- Boracay Island is already urbanized. The traffic in Boracay is comparable to that of Manila. How can the public consultation. It is still in the visioning stage. The drawings are there to show what could be done and
island still be virgin, when it is already full of vehicles. Let's face the reality that Boracay is already highly couldn't. Comments for these drawings are appreciated and would be looked into. We share the global
urbanized. Orginally, in PD 1064, the width of the road widening is 30 meters. However, in the LGU, it is 12 best practices, but does not necessarily reflect automatically to the plan in Boracay.
meters, based on the local ordinance. Road widening to decongest the roads. There should be a Request from the Vice Mayor for the next consultation is that the drawings be comprehensive and near to
designated loading and unloading area.
6. Juw Burgos
Coastal Malay can do high-rise. This is because Malay can take it, in the mainland, unlike Boracay. What If we look at the plan, what will happen to our residents in Boracay? Are there areas reserved for them? Or
else could be saved in Boracay, should be preserved. All areas should be developed, not just Boracay. It are they included in the masterplan that we're planning? What would happen to them?
should be a sound development. There is already an urban blight. The surroundings is already not that
- There was already an initial stakeholder's meeting last January. That became a basis for the initial output
pretty already. The beaches are beautiful, however, once you enter the island, you would be able to see
of drawings provided. The local residents and people are included for the plan. This plan is for the
the problems arising in the island. Overcrowded, buildings already blocking the natural air flow, the
residents of Malay and Boracay.
buildings are all closed and full of air conditioning, no more natural light and air.

If majority of the community do not agree with the plan, what is the LGU's next step?
Are you contented with what is happening now in Boracay? Just because you don't want one component
of the plan, that does not mean you should disregard the whole plan. We need to see the whole program
in order to provide judgment. It should be an informed judgment. Let everybody have a chance to see the
plan. Do not dwell too much on the past. Let's have hope that something well worth will happen. Let's have
a consensus if we continue or not.
3. Victor of DepEd
It is just worrying that the buildings showcased in the drawings are more for apartment style and then
commercial development at the ground floor. What then will become of the Boracay residents, or where
would they live?
- There would be specifics in the designs later on. With regards to the design of the commercial
development at the ground floor, it is because the island is surrounded by water. It could be seen that the
design for it is for the safety of the general public and allows the ground floor to be non-habitable and
protection from storm surges. These are proposals for us to approve or disapprove.

Statement: Education should be included and considered also in the plan, not just tourism. If this would be
good for Boracay, we should not argue. We shouldn't argue. Let's blame no one. We should accept and We don't have enough capital to build such structures. Who would finance such kinds of development?
welcome change. Give them space on how they would move. If it's wrong, we would intervene.
- There are access roads towards the beach areas. Lots of the residents would surely be affected. This is
then why the local government will do further studies regarding the matter. In terms of design, there are
4. Kapitan
guidelines that should be followed, or subject to further studies. There should be solutions provided for the
Immediate solution for traffic. Tricycles can have color coding.
We should make immediate solutions for the island than complete closure.
community.

- There's an action plan. Provide a master and comprehensive drainage plan. This isn't final plan, this is
why there are consultations. Reactions from the community are needed. This is for our children's and our
grandchildren's future. This is why it's Malay Tourism Master Plan, not just a concentration on Boracay.
The BBYC before has white sand. The port is located there and due to the oil from boats, the sand is Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
dirtied. The sand has turned brownish. There are no clean ports. There should be oil spill booms Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
surrounding ports. PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines

Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines

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 PubConsultation (5)

Minutes of the Meeting Minutes of the Meeting

INTERNAL INTERNAL
Date March 22, 2018 Date March 22, 2018
EXTERNAL EXTERNAL

Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Contact Person
Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo Malay Municipal Government Ms. Alma Belejerdo
Project Name/Activity Contact No. Project Name/Activity Contact No.
Malay Master Plan for Tourism 9988433464
Malay Master Plan for Tourism 9988433464

Project Location Email Project Location Email

Malay, Aklan mpdc_office@yahoo.com Malay, Aklan mpdc_office@yahoo.com
Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Manoc-manoc Covered Court Time Started: 03:00 pm Time Finished: 05:30 pm Project No.: 171056 Venue: Barangay Manoc-manoc Covered Court Time Started: 03:00 pm Time Finished: 05:30 pm

Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel Waterfront Cebu Ciity Hotel

AGENDA: Public Consultation and Visioning Workshops AGENDA: Public Consultation and Visioning Workshops

ATTENDEES ATTENDEES
Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company

Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associafes Francis Dean Ong Palafox Associates Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates Karmi Palafox Palafox Associafes

Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates Raina Lim Palafox Associates Shermaine Chen Palafox Associates

Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates Albert Tanching Palafox Associates Bea Camemo Palafox Associates

Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera Palafox Associates Ruel Ramos Palafox Associates Artlheene Rivera Palafox Associates

Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates Caloy Libosada Jr. Palafox Associates

SUMMARY SUMMARY
Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

6. Statement from Levi Duran, Regional Technical Director of DENR: The water is already dirty.
What really is the problem? There are a lot of rumors about Boracay. - The water is colored green. All the swimming beaches is tested and passed all tests. The dirty water they
- Boracay is already too overcrowded. are stating is the outfall located in Bulabog beach.
There are areas that are too crowded and has no space already. These areas are portion of Manoc- Science of the algae. There would always have algal bloom and would come out mostly during summer
manoc and Balabag. season. The algae is organic and if you let it dry under the sun, it would turn into sand.
Where most of the people's needs are areas where it is congested - specially commercial areas
surrounded by residential establishments. First fix the land use, the land classification of development. DPWH is already marking.
Before during Peak season, there is no vacancy. Review of capacity of hotels and rooms should be All wetlands should be restored.
accounted for. Should we still allow to build more hotels in the island? The carrying capacity of the island is During 2012, the wetlands are 9.
borderline maximum already.
One of the wetlands was buried by Crown.
The proposals will it be able to maximize the rehabilitation of the wetlands to a limit of 7.
- It is traffic in Boracay.

It is traffic specifically along the areas of Manoc-Manoc and Balabag. It lacks in public transport. Review
the policy of LGU, for every 50 rooms in an establishment is entitled to 1 service vehicle.

- Flooding.
We use the road as drainage, this is due to the drainage not being functional.
Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
- Is Boracay smelly? PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines
Sewerage is the smelly one. BIWC should be responsible for that. They have plans. At present, there are 2
companies in charge of sewerage. There should be sewer and drainage. 6400 provision of water
consumption, while 1299 for sewerage provision. 70% is waste water. 5000 are not connected or have no
sewerage provision.
These are engineering interventions.

- Second foulness of Boracay is the garbage.

The garbage is already ok.
Note: Client will submit a final comment for the items which are not mentioned above.
Prepared by: Elritz Gallo
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES | 11/F 6782 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines

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1st
9.8Public Consultation: Photo Documentation
Photo Documentation

Registration started around 08:00. Participants were asked to vote for The attendees of the First Public Consultation almost filled up the entire Mr. Felix de los Santos, Jr., the Chief Tourism Officer of the Malay LGU,
theit priority concerns and the best solutions before they could sign in. Covered Court of the Barangay Manoc-manoc. hosted the First Public Consultation

The event started around 09:00 am.

A First-Aid Station was provided by the local government to stand-by at EnP. Abbey Bravo started the Presentation by showcasing the company Participants were intrigued by the Boracay Vision perspectives displayed
the venue. profile and the company’s development principles. at the sides of the public consultation venue.

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The first workshop that was conducted was the Community Aspirations Members of the Palafox team checked each table to make sure Even some Malaynon kids joined in with the public consultation planning
and Vision-Reality Gap Matrix. Participants on the table were asked to instructions were delivered clearly in order to have a successful workshop. hustles.
do their output on a manila paper while they filled up the matrix on the
bond paper.

A senior citizen of Barangay Manoc-manoc actively participating in their The rest of the participants who are only seated on the bleachers were Through this Community Aspirations board, everyone was able to
workshops. also given the chance to give inputs to the planning workshop. participate on the first workshop.

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 A local government official actively leading her group in accomplishing Mayor Cawaling spoke to some private stakeholders during the public A representative of a barangay presenting their output for the first
the workshop outputs consultation, while the workshops were going on. workshop

Members of the Palafox team checking each table to make sure A group discussion during the second workshop wherein participants A representative of a barangay presenting their output for the Projects
instructions were delivered clearly in order to have a successful workshop were asked to list down programs and projects according to priority Timeline Workshop

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The third workshop was all about drawing or writing on the maps where Most of the issues tackled during the presentation of ourputs regards Members of the Palafox team checking each table to make sure
the priority concerns are located and where they want change to take Boracay Island and its closure. instructions were delivered clearly in order to have a successful workshop
place.

The members of the Open Forum Jury answered the opinions and A resident of Boracay island actively sharing her thoughts and on the Photo opportunity with the Palafox Team and the Malay LGU TWG.
questions raised by the attendees, regarding the closure of Boracay closure of Boracay island
Island.

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Second Public Consultation Program Flow

For every community planning project, it is imperative that the planners consult the local end-users and the
various stakeholders through a public consultation. It encourages community participation that is vital in
formulating a tourism master plan for the Municipality of Malay. It is a key to successful planning and meaningful
08:00 am
local governance. Public Consultation facilitates an exchange of information, opinions and ideas about future
Registration
development possibilities between the public and private sector and encourages a sense of ownership and
community responsibility for addressing issues, legitimizing proposals and directing development of the
locality. 08:30 am
Invocation and National Anthem
Introduction of Key Representatives and Stakeholders

08:45 am
Opening Remarks

09:00 am
Objectives of the Stakeholders Consultation
Highlights of the Sectoral Profile and Recommendations
Tourism Development Framework Study

10:00 am
Presentation of Tourism Development Strategy Framework Plans

10:30 am
Workshop: Selection of Preferred Tourism Development Strategy Framework Plan

11:30 am
Consolidation of the Workshop Results
Presentation of the TRIP Components

12:00 nn
Lunch Break

01:00 pm
Objectives Presentation of Workshop Results
Open Forum
•To convene the different stakeholders to help refine the tourism master plan for Malay
01:30 pm
•To select a tourism development strategy framework plan Next Steps

•To help direct the final planning process for the Malay Master Plan for Tourism 02:00 pm
Closing Remarks

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List of Attendees:

NAME DESIGNATION OFFICE/AGENCY NAME DESIGNATION OFFICE/AGENCY

Abbey Bravo Enp Palafox Lalinie B. Taunan BOD MAODA

Bea Camemo Urban Planner Palafox Alvin A. Castillo Meat Inspector MEED

Encarnacion Reralio EnP Palafox Rave A. Tonosa Kagawad -

Gemma I. Baon Teacher-in-Charge DepEd-Lubang Mayloudy S. Prado OIC Malay WD

Carolina S. Andrade PDAO – Head MWDO Jade S. Sulibro PI Malay NHS

Felino “Jun” Palafox Principal Architect/Urban Plan- Palafox Elfie C. Casidsio TI Malay NHS
ner
Ian S. Niel TII Malay NHS
Elritz Gallo Planner Palafox
Chirald Villanueva T3 Malay NHS
Abegail M. Calizo Teacher-I DepEd-Yapak E/S

Ruez A. Ramos INFRA Palafox Aiona F. Perucho TIC Napaan E/S

Victor E. Supetron School Head Muños National High School Fooxberts A. Candari VII T-I Malay NHS

Ernel P. Casidsid - DepEd Helen P. Resuso T-I Naasog E/S

Rhea P. Balandra President MABOVEN Domingo P. REsuso Brgy. Kagawad -

Monina D. Augirae TIC DepEd Aireen S. Dela Torre Admin Asst. LGU Malay

Christine Hope D. Pagsuguinon President Pambayang Pederasyon ng Alma S. Belejerdo MDDC LGU Malay
mga SK
Ifunard Richie O. Bunard Admin Aid iV - Alex N. ____ Matoda -

Diana Joy M. Kimpo Admin aid IV CSTH _____ Francisco TR LGU – Malay

Elisa Enubar Group GM Azalea Boracay

Efren A. Rebugies OIC – MARPO DAR
Aldrin Carag RDM Azalea Boracay
Jose A. ____ Jr. GSO Head -
Reue Arila Jr. Property Manager Azaela
Mike F. Sinfu Chairman MASBOI
Nenia C. Gelan Acting Secretary -
Rigaberto Geitose Chairman _____
Arlene Dausuli Accountant Crafts
Godofredo B. Sadiasa Chairman CBTMPC
Solomon S. Prado Brgy. Capt – Elect Brgy. Pob.
Aiona S. Refugid Chair on Tourism Napaara

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 NAME DESIGNATION OFFICE/AGENCY NAME DESIGNATION OFFICE/AGENCY

Reigeberto T. Gelino III KCI-Marketing KCI Saira Jeanne B. Reporlado Reg Officer II MCR

Francis C. Corral BOD MASBOI Eden Bautista TCS II ATI-RTGG

Sol T. Sjuang Osca Head SC Affair Orlie S. Villanueva Admin Asst. OSB

____ S. _____ Brgy. Capt. ____ Rowena P. Pelayo Secretary Kabulihan

Analay I. Ibabao Brgy. Sec. ____ David Zerna Admin Discovery

Al Umaciod SDM BIWC Sincia V. Quintos Brgy. Capt. Nabaoy

Julieta A. Apon PPC-President Edgar C. _____ LIC INSP III LGU-Malay

Ligaya C. Aparicio Principal – I DepEd _____ M. Celito BOD BTI

Alfredo G. Justo MSA ARELCO Luneta T. Tumaob DepEd Malay E/S

Jimmy G. Solano Brgy. Capt. Brgy. Sambray Anneli C. Sepeño _____ LGU-Malay

Evan Jay Alianza ___ MASBOI V. Seniel DepEd Yapak

Felimon A. ____ BOD Christopher O. Casuncad LAOD – II LGU-Malay

Grace G. Salin A.O. – V LGU – Malay Jona A. Solano LGU -

Jerry Villanueva BOD BLTMPC Boracay Mira D. Oczon LTOG-II LGU-Malay

Al Sacapano Zoning Adminstrator LGU-Malay Mariane S. Saluarion SEMS-I LGU-Malay

Julia S. Maming BOD BWPC Cesar P. Oczon Jr. LGU-STRO LGU-Malay

Maria Rio Rosales ZRMO LGU-Malay Edralyn R. Sancho E.O-V LGU-Malay

Maba F. Quintos Admin. Asst. LGU-Malay Grecil G. Tauna TOO-2 LGU-Malay

Issa Angela P. Cahilig A.T. Agriculture

Von Cabungial MDRRMO -
Jerry Agtoto Project Manager EES Corp.
Jazon V. Trava PNP
JM Totutos Restaurant Manager _____
Queenie T. Sison MDRRMO LGU-Malay
Jaylord Claud PEOII -
Ragefin O. Sulo MIGOD ____

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 Workshop Results:

NAME DESIGNATION OFFICE/AGENCY GROUP NO: 4

Group Members
Jomites _______ OWMM LGU 1. Sol Sejane
2. Carolina S. Andrade
3. Nenia C. Galan
Suuny Villanueva OMM – Security LGU-Malay 4. Rhea P. Ralandra
5. Analyn Lim Ibab
6. Gefran S. Tamboon
Catherine J. Babiorn OSB LGU 7. Arlene T. Bansuli
8.Christine Hope D. Pagsuguiron
Edgardo R. Sancho E.O-V LGU-Malay 9. Issa Angela P. Cahilig

Catherine Tumaco Planning Officer II LGU-Malay

VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES

Neua Aron Tourism Officer I LGU-Malay Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4

1. Premier international tourist destination city 15 24 24 9

Niño Paulo A. Siñor Planning Officer I LGU-Malay
2. Sustainable 18 22 21 13

3. World-class 21 23 19 10

4. Enriched cultural heritage 11 5 14 0

Total 65 74 78 32

Average 7.2 8.2 8.7 3.5

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GROUP NO: 5 GROUP NO: 6

Group Members Group Members

1. Leonard Richie Billones 1. Victor E. Supetran
2. Diana Joy M. Kimpo 2. Ernel P. Casidsid
3. Elisa Escobar 3. Jimmy G. Solano
4. Rene Avila Jr. 4. Abegail M. Cazizo
5. Aldrin Carag 5. Gemma I. Baon
6. Ed Sancho
7. Ralf Toldsa
VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES 8. Jose A. Oczon Jr.

Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4
VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES
1. Premier international tourist destination city 7 10 14 7
Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4
2. Sustainable 11 13 14 8
1. Premier international tourist destination city 17 15 17 11
3. World-class 12 11 13 9
2. Sustainable 15 16 19 12
4. Enriched cultural heritage 10 8 10 10
3. World-class 16 15 18 12
Total 40 42 51 34
4. Enriched cultural heritage 18 15 18 13
Average 8 8.4 10.2 6.8
Total 66 61 71 48

Average 9.43 8.71 10.14 6.86

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GROUP NO: 7 GROUP NO: 8

Group Members Group Members

1. Alvine A. Castillo 1. Mayloudy S. Prado
2. Felixberto A. Candari VII 2. Helen P. Rejuso
3. Jake S. Sullano 3. Domingo P. Rejuso
4. Ian S. Niel 4. Solomon S. Prado
5. Elfie C. Casidsid 5. Lalinae B. Taunan
6.Chimald Vilanacor 6. Alonia F. Perucho
7. Alono S. Refugio 7. Monina D. Aguirre
8. Alreen S. Dela Torre 8. Francis C. Corral
9. Efren A. Rebustes 9. Mike C. Sinec
10. Alex N. Nadisra

VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES

VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES
Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4
Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4
1. Premier international tourist destination city 26 20 25 17
1. Premier international tourist destination city 12 16 14 13
2. Sustainable 25 21 22 17
2. Sustainable 12 16 12 12
3. World-class 24 20 20 17
3. World-class *13 16 13 10
4. Enriched cultural heritage 23 19 19 19
4. Enriched cultural heritage 9 16 12 11
Total 98 80 86 71
Total 46 64 51 46
Average 10.9 8.9 9.6 7.9
Average 7.6 10.6 8.5 7.7

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GROUP NO: 9 GROUP NO: 11

Group Members Group Members

1. Wilbec M. Geuto 1. Jerry Agtoto
2. Juliet Aron 2. Saira Jeanne B. Reportado
3. Mario Rio Rosales 3. Orlie S. Villanueva
4. Ligaya C. Aparicio 4. Evan Alianra
5. Rigoberto Gelito Jr. 5. Felimm Abayon
6. Al Sacapano 6. Jerry Villanueva
7. Rigoberto Gelito III 7. Grace O. Salibio
8. Alfredo G. Justo 8. Cathrine J. Pabiona
9.Anneli C. Sespeire

VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES

VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES
Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4
Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4
1. Premier international tourist destination city 17 19 20 13
1. Premier international tourist destination city 26 23 30 9
2. Sustainable 19 20 20 15
2. Sustainable 23 22 28 28
3. World-class 19 22 20 11
3. World-class 15 23 31 9
4. Enriched cultural heritage 15 14 9 6
4. Enriched cultural heritage 20 7 22 21
Total 70 75 69 45
Total 84 75 111 67
Average 8.7* 9.3 8.5 5.6
Average 7 6.25 9.25 5.58

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 Minutes
GROUP NO: 12
Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING

Group Members Date 6/13/2018

INTERNAL

1. Eden Bautista EXTERNAL

2. Myra D. Oczon Client/ Company/ School/ Organization

Municipal Government of Malay
Contact Person: Alma Belejerdo

3. Luneta T. Tumaon Project Name/Activity

Contact No.
4. Cesar P. Oczon Jr. Malay, Aklan Master Plan for Tourism
Project Location/ Company Address
Email:
5. Mariane S. Saluacion Malay, Aklan
Project No.: 171056 Venue: Malay, Aklan Time Started: 8:00 Time Finished: 14:00
6. Al Lumagon AGENDA: Second Public Consultation
7. Christopher O. Casuncad
8. Jona A. Solano ATTENDEES
9. Sencia V. Quinto Name Company Name Company Name Company
1. EnP. Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates 6.Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. Palafox Associates 11.

2. Ar./EnP. Raina Lim Palafox Associates 7. Ar./EnP. Encarnacion Raralio Palafox Associates 12.

VISION/GOALS ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES 3. EnP. Bea Camemo Palafox Associates 8. TWG Members 13.

4. Mr. John Michael Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates 9. Malay Stakeholders 14.

5. Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen Palafox Associates 10. 15.

Vision of Malay 1 2 3 4 SUMMARY
Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

1. Premier international tourist destination city 14 23 18 5 Following the first public consultation held last March 2018, a second public consultation was held last June 13 in
order to present to key stakeholders the different framework options and choose their preferred one.

2. Sustainable 16 16 19 9 During the first parts of the public consultation, the Palafox team made it clear for the participants about the
company’s involvement and the limitations of their scope of work, hence clarifying it to them that detailed studies such
as environmental studies, hydrological studies, among others were not part of the scope.
3. World-class 20 17 14 6
Mr. Ed Sancho’s opening remarks reassured to the locals that whatever the National Government is doing has nothing to

4. Enriched cultural heritage 17 14 18 3 do with the LGU, although the planning shall be aligned with the direction that the National Government is heading.
And that since this undertaking with the team is the LGU’s action, there should be more active participation among the
key stakeholders and locals.

Total 67 70 69 23
The results of the previous public consultation were also discussed with the participants. The result from the workshops
showed promising results as locals and stakeholders’ concerns are not only limited to tourism. Each barangay’s

Average 8.4 8.8 8.6 2.9 development challenges and constraints were also explained, making it known to them that with the do-nothing scenario,
Boracay’s tourism will definitely go down as more of its natural resources are depleted.

Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. discussed the TRIP components followed by the video presentation. His discussion tackled about
the mainland Malay’s inability to catch Boracay’s tourists and encourage them to explore other parts of the Municipality
as well. In line with this, he mentions that having good connectivity within the mainland and also between the mainland
and Boracay may prove to be advantageous for the mainland’s tourism. He also mentioned that the Philippine standards
are just a minimum, and they are not even up to par with the international codes.

Explaining the Development Constraints and Challengers, Ar. EnP Encarnacion Raralio started with the evolution of
tourism areas, citing examples of similar developments. According to her, a popular tourist destination can get into a
stagnant phase, which is where Boracay is now. With a “do-nothing” scenario, the stagnancy may continue, or it may
eventually lead to a closure, just like the current situation of Boracay Island. Tourism should only be a kick-off for the
community to be able to build up necessary public facilities such as institutions, schools, hospitals, social welfare, and
many others, creating a more holistic community for the locals, as well as for the visitors.

Page 1 of 6
Cc: Prepared by:
Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen/Ms. Eliza Jane Leaño
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES l PALAFOX ARCHITECTURE
5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | architecture@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com l www.palafoxarchitecture.com

SP-F-02 Rev. # 07 Effectivity Date: 19 January 2016

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 Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING

INTERNAL INTERNAL
Date 6/13/2018 Date 6/13/2018
EXTERNAL EXTERNAL

Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Client/ Company/ School/ Organization

Contact Person: Alma Belejerdo Contact Person: Alma Belejerdo
Municipal Government of Malay Municipal Government of Malay

Project Name/Activity Project Name/Activity

Contact No. Contact No.
Malay Aklan Master Plan for Tourism Malay Masterplan for Tourism
Project Location/ Company Address Project Location/ Company Address
Email: Email:
Malay, Aklan Malay, Aklan

Project No.: Venue: Malay, Aklan Time Started: 8:00 Project No.: 171056 Venue: Malay, Aklan Time Started: 8:00 Time Finished: 14:00
171056 Time Finished: 14:00

AGENDA: Second Public Consultation AGENDA: Second Public Consultation

ATTENDEES ATTENDEES

Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company

1. EnP. Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates 6.Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. Palafox Associates 11. 1. EnP. Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates 6.Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. Palafox Associates 11.

2. Ar./EnP. Raina Lim Palafox Associates 7. Ar./EnP. Encarnacion Raralio Palafox Associates 12. 2. Ar./EnP. Raina Lim Palafox Associates 7. Ar./EnP. Encarnacion Raralio Palafox Associates 12.

3. EnP. Bea Camemo Palafox Associates 8. TWG Members 13. 3. EnP. Bea Camemo Palafox Associates 8. TWG Members 13.

4. Mr. John Michael Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates 9. Malay Stakeholders 14. 4. Mr. John Michael Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates 9. Malay Stakeholders 14.

5. Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen Palafox Associates 10. 15. 5. Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen Palafox Associates 10. 15.

SUMMARY SUMMARY

Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

After this was the presentation of the Postcards from the Future, which showed the Municipality’s potential to become After this was the presentation of the Postcards from the Future, which showed the Municipality’s potential to become more

sustainable through use of non-polluting vehicles, wide use of renewable energies (i.e. solar, hydro, and wind). Tourist sustainable through use of non-polluting vehicles, wide use of renewable energies (i.e. solar, hydro, and wind). Tourist

destinations within the Municipality must also have priority in terms of development. The frameworks were also destinations within the Municipality must also have priority in terms of development. The frameworks were also

presented and explained to the participants in detail. presented and explained to the participants in detail.

The discussion was followed by the workshop. Results showed that majority of the participants opt for Framework 3 The discussion was followed by the workshop. Results showed that majority of the participants opt for Framework 3

which maximizes the potential of the Municipality. However, for those that did not choose Framework 3, a common which maximizes the potential of the Municipality. However, for those that did not choose Framework 3, a common

ground for them was because the preferred framework, though ideal, was far from reality. These people chose the other . ground for them was because the preferred framework, though ideal, was far from reality. These people chose the other .

frameworks because these frameworks seem practical and feasible. On this note, the head of DepEd Region VI, frameworks because these frameworks seem practical and feasible. On this note, the head of DepEd Region VI,

encouraged locals to think farther into the future and be open to change encouraged locals to think farther into the future and be open to change

Farm tourism, which was included in the frameworks, also caught the interest of many. They warmly welcomed the idea Farm tourism, which was included in the frameworks, also caught the interest of many. They warmly welcomed the idea

of introducing that into the Municipality, since this can uplift the agricultural sector, and increase tourism as well. of introducing that into the Municipality, since this can uplift the agricultural sector, and increase tourism as well.

During the open forums, the key stakeholders expressed their concerns for the connectivity between Malay mainland and During the open forums, the key stakeholders expressed their concerns for the connectivity between Malay mainland and

Boracay. While some favored having either bridge or cable car, majority worried over the decline of livelihood of many Boracay. While some favored having either bridge or cable car, majority worried over the decline of livelihood of many

boatmen. Those who favored the bridge pointed out that it will be helpful during emergencies; many have died because boatmen. Those who favored the bridge pointed out that it will be helpful during emergencies; many have died because

they cannot be transported from Boracay during emergencies. Furthermore, having a bridge will make logistics easier. they cannot be transported from Boracay during emergencies. Furthermore, having a bridge will make logistics easier.

The opposition stated that while it is great to have a stable connection, there is the concern of the boatmen’s livelihood. The opposition stated that while it is great to have a stable connection, there is the concern of the boatmen’s livelihood.

The team answered to this concern by stating that the cable car and the bridge will only act as supplementary The team answered to this concern by stating that the cable car and the bridge will only act as supplementary

connection. Policies will be made to regulate the entry of vehicles into Boracay Island. Also, with the projected increase connection. Policies will be made to regulate the entry of vehicles into Boracay Island. Also, with the projected increase

of tourist arrival in Boracay, eventually, the boats will not be able to cater to all, hence cable car connection will be of tourist arrival in Boracay, eventually, the boats will not be able to cater to all, hence cable car connection will be

necessary. necessary.

Another major concern of the locals is the 25+5 meter setback which was implemented in the Island. Residents are Another major concern of the locals is the 25+5 meter setback which was implemented in the Island. Residents are

wondering whether the same coastal setback will be applicable to them. Should this be so, many residents will be wondering whether the same coastal setback will be applicable to them. Should this be so, many residents will be

displaced. This concern gathered many negative feedback from the participants. The team answered that while it is true displaced. This concern gathered many negative feedback from the participants. The team answered that while it is true

that there should be a coastal setback, it should comply with the Water Code of the Philippines. Having proper setback is that there should be a coastal setback, it should comply with the Water Code of the Philippines. Having proper setback is

also a form of disaster mitigation, given that global warming is causing sea level to rise at a tremendous rate. also a form of disaster mitigation, given that global warming is causing sea level to rise at a tremendous rate.

Page 2 of 6 Page 3 of 6
Cc: Prepared by: Cc: Prepared by:
Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen/Ms. Eliza Jane Leaño Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen/Ms. Eliza Jane Leaño

PALAFOX ASSOCIATES l PALAFOX ARCHITECTURE PALAFOX ASSOCIATES l PALAFOX ARCHITECTURE

5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines 5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | architecture@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com l www.palafoxarchitecture.com T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | architecture@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com l www.palafoxarchitecture.com

SP-F-02 Rev. # 07 Effectivity Date: 19 January 2016 SP-F-02 Rev. # 07 Effectivity Date: 19 January 2016

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 Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING

INTERNAL INTERNAL
Date 6/13/2018 Date 6/13/2018
EXTERNAL EXTERNAL

Client/ Company/ School/ Organization Client/ Company/ School/ Organization

Contact Person: Alma Belejerdo Contact Person:
Municipal Government of Malay Municipal Government of Malay
Project Name/Activity Project Name/Activity
Contact No. Contact No.
Malay Masterplan for Tourism Malay Master Plan for Tourism
Project Location/ Company Address Project Location/ Company Address
Email: Email:
Malay, Aklan Mlay, Aklan
Project No.: 171056 Venue: Malay, Aklan Time Started: 8:00 Time Finished: 14:00 Project No.: 171056 Venue: Malay, Aklan Time Started: 8:00 Time Finished: 14:00

AGENDA: Second Public Consultation AGENDA: Seond Public Consultation

ATTENDEES ATTENDEES

Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company Name Company
1. EnP. Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates 6.Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. Palafox Associates 11. 1. EnP. Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates 6.Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. Palafox Associates 11.

2. Ar./EnP. Raina Lim Palafox Associates 7. Ar./EnP. Encarnacion Raralio Palafox Associates 12. 2. Ar./EnP. Raina Lim Palafox Associates 7. Ar./EnP. Encarnacion Raralio Palafox Associates 12.

3. EnP. Bea Camemo Palafox Associates 8. 13. 3. EnP. Bea Camemo Palafox Associates 8. TWG Members 13.

4. Mr. John Michael Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates 9. 14. 4. Mr. John Michael Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates 9. Malay Stakeholders 14.

5. Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen Palafox Associates 10. 15. 5. Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen Palafox Associates 10. 15.

SUMMARY SUMMARY
Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

Framework 2 1989 Masterplan was also from Palafox

Agriculture and eco-tourism (sectors which is malay is known for)
Suggested solutions:
Plant high value crops
• If find to violate rules such as encroachment, close the establishment and fix the problem then apply again for a permit
Boracay – no drastic changes
• Traffic: decongest through loading and unloading points
- Recommendation – minimal changes. Retrofit existing structures to green architecture to be even more sustainable
• Close first the establishments with violations
- Proposed connection of boracay to malay - cable bar and enhancement of ports
• Make a comprehensive drainage plan for the Municipality of Malay
- Two ways to optimize agri
• Remove the port because the white sand will become brown sand. The oil and feces are there which is why the fecal
a. Plant high value crops
coliform is high.
b. Tourism industry – tap agri and rural landscape
• Ask the coastguard to put oil spill boom for the oil will not penetrate the white sand
- Univ town – old town (poblacion) is incorporated ( growth is downwards going to borwanga)
• Designated port areas to control where the boats are, and possible occurrence of oil spill will be concentrated
Also intermodal transport terminals are included for tourist spots to be more accessible
in one place
Strengthen service industries in partnership to the university town
• Proposed 150-hectare hotel and 23-hectare hotel casino (DOT DILG AND DENR BORA IS
OVERDEVELOPED ALREADY)
Framework 3
a. 150 hectares is existing already (fairway, blue coast)
Strengthened urbanization and creation of new urban growth magnets
b. 23 hectares already bought but will make sure they will follow existing regulations
a. Additional business centers and BPOs to invite investors

Palafox Associates clarified the following:

Framework 4
- Palafox is not aware of the proposed hotel casino
more on development constraints
- Public consultation is for visioning
- The 50m easement is an international practice and it doesn’t necessarily mean it will be applied to Malay.
Comments/Suggestions/Reactions from the Stakeholders
The current situation should be assessed first
- Urban planning is needed to save whatever it is needed and whatever it is left to be saved.
- All areas should be developed so the entire Malay will experience an inclusive development
Request to Palafox for faster consultation:
- No natural light and air coming in due to congested buildings.
- Plans and drawings should be more comprehensive
If majority wouldn’t agree to the plan, what will be the step of the LGU?
- Apply the 30m easement and 12m road for it to be easier to understand
a. Communities are present but no present big investors What will happen to the residents
- The plan is for the residents of Malay
b. Justifications should be done as to why it is not approved
No enough explanation as to where the other residents (minorities) will go. Will they be displaced?
- Resistance during the initial planning stage is uncalled for; openness to the result of the plan should be practiced.
- Some areas are not suitable for housing purposes/it is not habitable
Question yourself if you are contented with the current situation of Boracay
There are proposed roads that will run over existing residential areas. What is going to happen there?
- Tourism going farther the education in the island deteriorates.
- Further studies will be done
- Do not blame each other because the deterioration of the island is the fault of everyone
- Implementation will not be done if there are no solution yet
- Revise the setback if people do not agree with the 50m, go back to 30m (25+5) What are the problems in Boracay?
- If there is no money to fund the implementation, ask the President to fund it
Page 4 of 6
Prepared by: Page 5 of 6
Cc:
Cc: Prepared by:
Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen/Ms. Eliza Jane Leaño
Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen/Ms. Eliza Jane Leaño
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES l PALAFOX ARCHITECTURE
PALAFOX ASSOCIATES l PALAFOX ARCHITECTURE
5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines
5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | architecture@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com l www.palafoxarchitecture.com
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | architecture@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com l www.palafoxarchitecture.com
SP-F-02 Rev. # 07 Effectivity Date: 19 January 2016 SP-F-02 Rev. # 07 Effectivity Date: 19 January 2016

Municipality of Malay
281
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Form Title MINUTES OF THE MEETING

INTERNAL
Date 6/13/2018
EXTERNAL

Client/ Company/ School/ Organization

Contact Person: Alma Belejerdo
Municipal Government of Malay
Project Name/Activity
Contact No.
Malay Masterplan for Tourism
Project Location/ Company Address
Email:
Malay, Aklan
Project No.: 171056 Venue:Malay, Aklan Time Started: 8:00 Time Finished: 14:00

AGENDA: Second Public Consultation

ATTENDEES

Name Company Name Company Name Company

1. EnP. Abbey Bravo Palafox Associates 6.Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. Palafox Associates 11.

2. Ar./EnP. Raina Lim Palafox Associates 7. Ar./EnP. Encarnacion Raralio Palafox Associates 12.

3. EnP. Bea Camemo Palafox Associates 8. TWG Members 13.

4. Mr. John Michael Elritz Gallo Palafox Associates 9. Malay Stakeholders 14.

5. Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen Palafox Associates 10. 15.

SUMMARY
Item Discussed Action/Responsible Party Remarks/Due Date

Comments on the Framework

Framework 1
More realistic and practical
It retains the clustering of the communities and focused on the development that is attainable
Framework 2, 3 and 4 will cause a lot of displacement (a lot of consideration will be made)
Framework 2
The forested area is too big and what should be done in the area is very specific
The plan depends on the existing infrastructures
Indigenous farm is included
It opens a lot of opportunities for other barangays (to boost farm tourism)
Pick and eat is being practiced in Aklan
Promoted organic farming
Herbs in Malay are medicinal herbs which could attract tourists
Framewor 3
More infrastructure means more revenue
It has various features that are appropriate to reach the vision
Accessible; bridge connectivity which helps in terms of calamities and other hazards
Feasible as compared to other frameworks
There is sustainability and heritage conservation
1 and 4 criteria – international premiere tourist destination city and world class
– it is not a priority because it is hard to implement
Premiere international is doable
Number 4 criteria is not specific
Balanced and complete – from Caticlan to the boundary of Buruanga development and infrastructure is present
Suitable to the current condition of Malay

Page 6 of 6
Cc: Prepared by:
Ms. Shermaine Anne Chen/ Ms. Eliza Jane Leaño

PALAFOX ASSOCIATES l PALAFOX ARCHITECTURE

5F PCCI Corporate Center, 118 L.P. Leviste St., Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines
T: +632.812.12.54 to 55 | F: +632.893.91.97 | architecture@palafoxassociates.com | www.palafoxassociates.com l www.palafoxarchitecture.com
SP-F-02 Rev. # 07 Effectivity Date: 19 January 2016

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Stakeholders’ Consultation: Photo Documentation

Registration started around 8 a.m. Some of the stakeholders are representatives from the Malay Natinal High School.

Representatives from the different sectors came to the 2nd Public Consultation: Commencement of the event was officially opened by Municiapal Administrator Ed
Stakeholders Consultation. Almost everyone was given the opportunity to introduce Sancho.
themselves.

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 The hosts of the consultation- staff from Palafox Associates Ar. Felino “Jun” Palafox, Jr. presented the initial draft conceptual schemes and indicative
design drawings of the T.R.I.P. components in a video presentation.

Ar. Raina Christine Lim discussed the Malay Master Plan for Tourism T.R.I.P. Coneptual Some of the staff of Palafox Associates with their company president, Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr.
Schemes and Indicative Design Drawings in detail.

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Some of the Malay LGU TWG members posing with Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. prior the event. Stakeholders from different sectors having a photo op with Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr.

Representatives from different educational institutions together with Ar. Felino Palafox, Jr. Some of the stakeholders from the private sector posing for a photo op with Ar. Felino
Palafox, Jr.

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 Display of the different Tourism Development Strategy Framework Plans EnP. Bea Camemo presented the different frameworks for the selection workshop.

The proposed bride with light railway connection. The stakeholders reviewing the proposed frameworks during the selection workshop.

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Field Reports
6.2 Field Report
03 January 2018 - Mainland, Malay 03 January 2018 - Mainland, Malay

1 4

View of the Boracay Airport (Godofredo P. Ramos Airport). Buses are needed to
provide transport from the plane towards the Arrivals area of the development. View of the Pier of Tabon Port. The existing signage of the port is on the pier.
Recommendations: Optimize the bus route as a way to highlight and showcase other Recommendations: Enhance and redevelopment of the port, its supporting facilities,
offers of the mainland and the signage of the development. Extension and expand of the pier can also be
considered for the future.
2 3

Existing Municipal Complex. A view of the Malay Municipal office. Other
developments within its proximity are church, covered court, and a multi­purpose
open space currently used as a parking area
Recommendations: Provide a more pedestrian-centric complex that allows ease of
access towards the municipal building and its supporting structures
Location of the Proposed Malay Commercial and Transport Terminal Complex ­
The existing condition of the Tabon Port and its pier. The roof is thatched and the
the area is bounded by a major road and is several minutes away from the
pier is mostly made of concrete.
airport. Commercials to be seen in the future are small to medium scale. View of the existing Tabon Port entrance pavilion and ticketing office.
Recommendations: Enhance and redevelop the pier of the port. Also, provide and add
Considerations: Consider the transport terminal as an intermodal transport terminal Recommendations: Enhance the look of the office and welcome pavilion of the Port.
boat docks along the existing pier. This would also create a marina within the
that allows for other modes of transportation to be accessed Create a unique, identifiable, and memorable architecture for the Tabon Port Office.
development.
4 5

Wayfinding and signage of the existing Tabon and Caticlan Jetty Port and Roro.
These are the two ports used to connect to the Boracay Island
Recommendations: Enhance and redevelop signages of transport, utilities and service
facilities to create ease of wayfinding by locals and tourists and create a sense of
identity and branding for the area
Current construction of the proposed hospital within proximity of the Tabon Port
compound.
Considerations: The traffic that would be produced during Habagat Season would
affect the building’s access network in terms of emergencies.
View of the area of the expansion of the existing Caticlan Jetty Port. This portion of
the mainland is a reclaimed area.
Considerations: Provide other modes of transportation upon arrival via Caticlan Jetty
Port, allowing tourists or users to have ease of access to explore and visit the tourism
spots within the mainland as well as the Boracay Island Another view of the expansion site for the existing Caticlan Jetty Port.

Municipality of Malay
The Premier Tourist Destination 115

116

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04 January 2018 - Boracay Island 04 January 2018 - Boracay Island

1 1

13 13

One of the water catchment areas in Malay Mainland. During the Urduja
Caticlan Jetty Port during a weekday (Wednesday) afternoon. Vehicular traffic
Typhoon, the water in this area overflowed.
accumulates in front of the port due to dropping off from vehicles. Cargo vehicular
traffic is also through the same road as that used by vehicles for the purpose of
transporting passengers.

Lobby of Caticlan Jetty Port with seating areas provided for waiting passengers.
Recommendations: Highlight Malay’s other tourism spots within the lobby or where it
is easily seen by the on-going traffic of people going to Boracay. (we’ve seen one poster
by the tourism office)
Docking by the Cagban Jetty Port. Boats connect to the pier’s stairs. The
architecture of the port is almost similar to the Caticlan Jetty Port.
Recommendations: Fencing the edge of the pier with see-through fences rather than
objects that obstruct the view. Other solutions for the design of the fence could be
highlighting the natural beauty of Boracay and how to keep it that way or advertising the
mainland’s other tourism spots.
View of the beach during low tide. Structured Developments are prominent and
dense along the beachfront areas. The beach is also populated even during View of Willy’s Rock which contains Mary’s Grotto. It is a popular spot for Catholic
early hours of the day. devotees within the island. It is also used as a viewing deck to survey or acquire a
Recommendations: Retain the natural beauty and enhance condition of the beach. different vantage point of the beachfront.

Current status of vehicular traffic along the main road in the Balabag town proper.
Width of the road is approximately 6 meters and developments are already at the
edge of the road.
Recommendations: Provide beach access roads among developments to allow views Hard Structured Developments are prominent and dense along the beach front The signage of the Ati Village located in Boracay Island. It is currently under a
Waiting and seating areas for the passengers going back to the mainland via the
and access to the beaches. areas of Boracay Island, specifically the white beaches along Station 1­3. private institution.
Cagban Jetty Port.

118
Municipality of Malay
The Premier Tourist Destination 117

Municipality of Malay
288
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Form Title: FIELD REPORT FORM Form Title: FIELD REPORT FORM

Date: January 3-5, 2018 Date: January 3-5, 2018

Client: Municipal Government of Malay Client Person: 04 January 2018Government

Client: Municipal - Boracay
of Malay Island Client Person:
Project Name: Malay Tourism Master Plan Contact No.: Project Name: Malay Tourism Master Plan Contact No.:
Location: Malay, Aklan, Philippines Project No.: 171056 Location: Malay, Aklan, Philippines Project No.: 171056

6 5

Another catchment area within Barangay Yapak. The land has been established
as a wetland by the DENR. The surrounding residential developments are
affected and is flooded during rainy seasons.
13
Recommendations: Enhance the wetland into an eco landscape area. Redevelop blue
An ongoing construction of a Hotel with an Oceanarium located near the shore of 13
alleys (bioswales or landscapes that function as landscape runoff pollution catchment)
Puka Beach. towards the wetlands.

7 10 10

A panoramic view of Boracay Island and the mainland at the horizon from Mt. Luho viewing deck. Existing and current status of drainage system in Barangay Balabag, Boracay To alleviate flooding, improvised drains by the edges of the road were done to let
Considerations: Preservation and maintaining cleanliness within the island should be made. Island. A pump is needed to manually pump the water out. the water flow towards that way. However no proper drainage has been done yet.

6 6
11 11

Temporary structures and shelters are lined up along the coastline of Puka
Beach.
Considerations: Temporary structures like these should remain temporary and should
not encroach on the forested areas.
Boats for the island hopping can be found docked by the beach. Permanent
structures or developments are not found in this part of the island, and forested
areas still bound the beach.
Considerations: Maintain and preserve the forested areas bounding the beach.
Structures if there are any should remain temporary structures and not permanent.
A small one­way street catering the residential and commercial structures
between the developments by the beach and by the internal road. The road is not
paved and floods during the rain.
One of the access streets going to the beach. Existing developments flank both
sides of the small alley. The alley can only be accessed by pedestrians.
Recommendations: Blank walls allow more crime to be done within the area. See
through fences or vegetation are more recommended and would lessen the crime and
vandalism throughout the whole alley. These also blocks the wind circulation.

Presented by: Reviewed by: Approved by: Presented by: Reviewed by: Approved by:

Raina Christine Lim Artlheene Rivera Artlheene Rivera Raina Christine Lim Artlheene Rivera Artlheene Rivera
Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018
Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection:

Municipality of Malay 120

The Premier Tourist Destination 119

Municipality of Malay
289
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
 Form Title: FIELD REPORT FORM Form Title: FIELD REPORT FORM

Date: January 3-5, 2018 Date: January 3-5, 2018

05 January 2018 - Mainland Malay
Client: Municipal Government of Malay Client Person: Client: Municipal Government of Malay Client Person:
Project Name: Malay Tourism Master Plan Contact No.: Project Name: Malay Tourism Master Plan Contact No.:
Location: Malay, Aklan, Philippines Project No.: 171056 Location: Malay, Aklan, Philippines Project No.: 171056

This area is known for hosting international events for wind surfing and View of the pier going to the terminal of the Cagban Jetty Port. Passengers
13
parasailing. departing the island queue outside while the passengers arriving go to the
terminal.

9 1 1

An alternative port used during Habagat season in Boracay Island is the

Location of the proposed bridge connection to the mainland in Barangay
Manoc­manoc. This area of the beach is currently being used as a cargo port.
Tambisaan Jetty Port. There is a ticketing office and a waiting shed provided.
Some of the boats are docked on shore, while a collection of the refuse is just
located adjacent to the waiting shed.
Recommendations: Materials Recovery Facilities should be provided for proper
disposal and away from the public eye.
One of the tourism spots in mainland Malay. The Malay Eco Park provides a
nature retreat within the Municipality. It is currently being redeveloped. The park
has areas for photoshoots and events. A viewing deck and a butterfly haven
could also be seen within the park.
Recommendations: More activities to be provided within the development.
Some area within the Malay Eco Park showcasing nature.
Recommendations: Redevelopment of the park should include plants and herbs that
would show their scientific names and uses for educational purposes, however there is
no budget yet.

The ticketing office of the Tambisaan Jetty Port. Similar to the Willy’s rock located at the white beaches, the port made use of the This is one of the road networks used to go to the Ati Village. The road is not paved The existing construction of the housing units. There are currently 9 out 20 units.
Recommendations: Architecture of the support facilities of the development should be natural stone located at the area and provided viewing decks overlooking a and is still a dirt road. Due to the recent weather, the road is muddy. Considerations: Culture and heritage of traditional Ati houses should also be
more unique, memorable, and identifiable. This helps in creating a brand and an image panoramic view of the beach and the islands near it. Recommendations: Better accessibility towards the Ati community. This would benefit considered upon designing these units. The families to be relocated are the ones
for the ports that are used to and fro Boracay Island and the mainland. Recommendations: Redevelopment and enhancement of the support facilities. both the Village and the proposed vision of tourism within the Ati Village. designing the houses.

Presented by: Reviewed by: Approved by: Presented by: Reviewed by: Approved by:

Raina Christine Lim Artlheene Rivera Artlheene Rivera Raina Christine Lim Artlheene Rivera Artlheene Rivera
Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018
Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection:

Municipality of Malay 122

The Premier Tourist Destination 121

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 Form Title: FIELD REPORT FORM
Form Title: FIELD REPORT FORM

Date: January 3-5, 2018

Date: January 3-5, 2018

Client: Municipal Government of Malay Client Person:

Client: Municipal Government of Malay Client Person: 05 January
Project 2018
Name: Malay - Mainland
Tourism Master Plan Malay Contact No.:
Project Name: Malay Tourism Master Plan Contact No.: Location: Malay, Aklan, Philippines Project No.: 171056
Location: Malay, Aklan, Philippines Project No.: 171056

6
8

Natural cold spring in Poblacion. It is also near the Pangihan Cave and can be
trekked to after visiting this area. The spring however is contaminated with soaps
and detergents, due to the lack of visitors in the area, the locals have used the
spring as a wash basin. The area is also littered with discarded plastics of such.
Recommendations: Clean up the area and rid of litter. Future trash should be disposed
of accordingly. Provide a connection to the Pangihan Cave trail via nature hike trails or
bike trails.
Some of the community members of the Ati Village in Malay, Aklan.
5 7
3 3

Three of the 7 river resorts along the Nabaoy River. Some activities done within this
spot are river rafting and swimming.
Recommendations: Maintain the serenity of the place by keeping the materials more
natural. Landscaping the surrounding resorts would help boost the attractiveness of the
place. Provide a bridge connection to the other side of the river.
5 5
The coastal road is along the shore and is envisioned to be one of the suggested
locations for the Harbor City.
Considerations: The natural ecology and the marine life should be considered within
this area. Another suggested area for the Harbor City is near the Caticlan Airport. This is The existing tourism information center for the Agnaga Falls and Cold Spring built
Due to recent flooding, some of the support facilities were destroyed, like the
due to ease of access. by the LGU. The LGU and the owner of the lot have a MOA for 10 years.
dampa and some of the resorts.
Recommendations: Enhance and redevelop the supporting facilities. Maintaining the
use of indigenous materials. Proper disposal of waste and trash to keep the river clean. 7 8

The trail going down to the Agnaga Falls and Cold Spring. The area is relatively
small and could only accommodate a maximum of 20 pax.
Considerations: Maximum capacity for the area should be considered and should not
exceed. Support facilities like the nipa hut for resting and dining could be enhanced.
Provision of more of these facilities could also be considered for the future.
The existing signage of the Pangihan Cave. The entrance to the Pangihan Cave.
Recommendations: Redevelop and enhancement of signages and wayfinding towards Considerations: Capacity of the tourists and visitors going into the cave should be
the cave. considered for the future development. Presented by: Reviewed by:
The Motag Living Museum is an interactive cultural museum, where the
indigenous people role play and act their tradition and culture. The visit to this
museum however should be scheduled and be planned within the itinerary of the
tourists or visitors.
Approved by:

Presented by: Reviewed by: Approved by:

Raina Christine Lim Artlheene Rivera Artlheene Rivera
Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018
Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection:
Raina Christine Lim Artlheene Rivera Artlheene Rivera
Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018 Date of Inspection: January 3­5, 2018
Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection: Time of Inspection:
Municipality of Malay
The Premier Tourist Destination 123
124

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
10.7 Field Report
DAY 1 - 19 March 2018

1 Boracay Tubi System, Inc. (BTSI) 2 Boracay Island Water Company, Inc. (BIWC)
In terms of water supply, the BTSI supplies a portion of the total consumers in Boracay Island. The company has only two (2) STPs in the Beside the property of the BIWC office, is a very narrow
island located in Fairways Bluewater Newcoast Boracay. Only very few establishments are connected to the STP, including City Mall. access road going to the Bolabog beach

3 Barangay Balabag
Aside from the hyper-urbanization of the barangay, other challenges were determined during the site visit like: Land Acquisition, and the
Road-Right-Of-Way which the residents will not provide and give way to infrastructure projects.
This is the barangay where most of the establishments have violated the sewerage and drainage policies and contributed to the
extreme amount of coliform in the discharge.

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4 BTSI’s STP at Fairways Bluewater Newcoast Boracay
This man-made lake is the last stage to the sewage treatment process at BTSI’s sewage treatment plant. The lake is underlined with carbon fiber sheets to prevent the waste water from penetrating the natural soil
below and contanimate the aquifer.

Observation: Some sheets have moved up to the surface which is a sign that it is damaged and there is a possibility that the waste water is leaking into the natural ground.

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DAY 2 - 20 March 2018

1 Barangay Balusbos
First photo: The access road to the Malay Elementary School; Second Photo: The Barangay Hall
Observations: There is no drainage system in this coastal barangay. This contributed to the effects of the Typhoon Urduja. Another
infrastructure issue is the lack of streetlights in some barangay roads.

2 Sanitary Landfill
The sanitary landfill is located on the uplands at the border of Brgy. Kabulihan and Municipality of Buruanga.
Observatrions: The management of the landfill and the system itself is poor. The current capacity of its treatment facility is not sufficient to accomodate the liquid discharge from the wastes. When it rains, the waste
water from the aerobic chambers overflows into the open ground. The pump that they said is supposed to bring the waste water back up to the fill is non-functional.

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3 BIWC - Lakbayan
First Photo: The Main water distribution supply pipe; Second Photo: the Aeration Chambers; Third Photo: Siltation Pond
Obervations: Facilities in BIWC include: Pump Room, Sedimentation Tank, GFS, Clear Water Tank, Receiving Tank, MDC Room, Disinfection Room, Mobile Genset, Mobile Water Treatment (Desalination) Machine

4 Motag Living Museum

A tour at the Motag Living Museum introduces you to the old ways of the early Boracaynons. It was choreographed by a British national who volunteered to help develop the place. First, the guides will take you to
the deep well then to the bathroom and the toilet. Next, they will bring you to the bahay kubo where they will show the traditional culture and ways of living. Lastly, they will let you experience farm and community
activities like planting rice, and making various rice products.

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Malay Master Plan for Tourism
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
AKELCO Aklan Electric Cooperative, Inc.
ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations
ATO Air Transportation Office
ATV All-terrain Vehicle
BAC Bids and Awards Committee
BAYANTEL Bayan Telecommunications
BFP Bureau of Fire Protection
BIWC Boracay Island Water Company, Inc.
BJMP Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
BLTMPC Boracay Land Transport Multi-purpose
Cooperative
BPO Business Process Outsourcing
Brgy. Barangay
BTAC Boracay Tourism Assistance Center
BTSI Boracay Tubi System Inc.
CAAP Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
CAD Conceptual Architectural Design
CBTMPC Caticlan-Boracay Transportation Multi-purpose
Cooperative
CBET Community-based Eco-tourism
CBR Crude Birth Rate
CCA/DRR Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk
Reduction
CDA Cooperative Development Authority
CDP Conceptual Development Plan
CDP Comprehensive Development Plan
CDR Crude Death Rate
CICL Child In-Conflict with the Law
CLOA Certificate of Land Ownership Award
CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan
CLUPZO Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Zoning
Ordinance
CMLSAPE City and Municipal Level Small Area Poverty
Estimates
CRUZTELCO Cruz Telephone Company
EnP. Environmental Planner
ERMOS Emergency Runway Meteorological Observation
System
DAR Department of Agrarian Reform
DENR Department of Environment and Natural
Resources
DepEd Department of Education
DILG Department of Interior and Local Government
DOH Department of Health
DOT Department of Tourism
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
EPR Enrolment Participation Rate
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GBPC Global Business Power Corporation
GCGI Green Core Geothermal Inc.
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GSO General Services Office
Hon. Honorable
HLURB Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
HVCC High Value Commercial Crops
ICC Indigenous Cultural Communities
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IMR Infant Mortality Rate
IP Indigenous People
IRA Internal Revenue Allotment
ISO International Organization for Standardization
LCE Local Chief Executive
LGU Local Government Unit
LMB Land Management Bureau
LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration
MAO Municipal Agricultural Office
MDRRMO Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Office
MDS Municipal Development Strategy
MEO Municipal Engineer’s Office
MENRO Municipal Environment and Natural Resources
Office
MHO Municipal Health Office
MDP Master Development Plan
MMO Municipal Mayor’s Office
MMR Maternal Mortality Rate
MPDC Municipal Planning and Development
Coordinator
MPDO Municipal Planning and Development Office
MPH Airport code for Boracay Airport
MSWDO Municipal Social Welfare and Development
Office
MWD Malay Water District
NEDA National Economic and Development Authority
NTDP National Tourism Development Plan
NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System
NGO Non-Government Organization
NGA National Government Agency
NHTS National Household targeting System
NHTS-PR National Household targeting System for
Poverty Reduction
NSCB National Statistical Coordination Board
NSO National Statistics Office
NTC National Telecommunications Commission
NTP Notice to Proceed
NWRB National Water Resources Board
OIC Officer in Charge
PAMB Protected Area Management Board
PANTELCO Panay Telephone Company
PEDC Panay Energy Development Corporation
PESO Public Employment Service Office
PDO Project Development Officer
PDP Philippine Development Plan
PDPFP Provincial Development and Physical
Framework Plan
PGR Population Growth Rate
PIA Philippine Information Agency
PLDT Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company
PNP Philippine National Police
PO Planning Officer
POPCEN Census of Population
POs Private Organizations
PPA Philippine Ports Authority
PPC Philippine Postal Corporation
PTA Parent-Teacher Association
PUV Public Utility Vehicle
QEMS Quality and Environmental Management System
RA Republic Act
RCP Reinforced Concrete Pipe
RORO Roll-on/Roll-off ship
RROW Road Right of Way
SME Small and Medium Enterprise
STD Sexually Transmitted Disease
STP Sewage Treatment Plan
SWAT Special Weapons and Tactics
SWOT Strengths, Weakness, Threats and Opportunities
TESDA Technical Education Skills Development
Authority
TFR Total Fertility Rate
TWG Technical Working Group
TMP Tourism Master Plan
TOR Terms of Reference
TRIP Tourism Renewal Infrastructure Project
TIEZA Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone
Authority
USA United States of America
WESM Wholesale Electricity Spot Market
WVRDP Western Visayas Regional Development Plan
www World Wide Web
YCMR Young Child Mortality Rate
Municipality of Malay
Malay Master Plan for Tourism
References
Auckland Design Manual- Auckland Council (www.aucklanddesignmanual.co.nz) www.timeout.com
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Daily Inquirer www.wallpaper31.com
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Global Street Design Guide, Global Designing Cities Initiative, 2006
Journal of Environmental Science and Management Special Issue 2-2016: 15-29 ISSN 0119-1144
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Terms of Reference for the Consultancy Services for the Formulation of the Malay Tourism Master Plan
The Manila Times
Tourism Code of the Philippines
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