1) Which of the following are comprised within AI?

1. Machine Learning
2. Deep Learning
3. Both (1) and (2)
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 3
Both (1) and (2)

Both Machine Learning and Deep Learning are the sub-categories of Artificial Intelligence.
They are studied differently due to their depth of subject and vast areas of application.

2) State whether the following condition is true or false?

"Artificial Intelligence means to mimic a human. Hence, if a robot can move from one
place to another like a human, then it comes under Artificial Intelligence."

1. True
2. False

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
False

AI deals with human behavior rather than human actions. It deals with the way the human mind
thinks and causes the body to act in a way in any particular situation. Hence, if a robot just
moves like humans through external commands, we cannot say that AI has been implemented for
moving that robot.

3) Which of the mentioned human behavior does the AI aim to mimic?

1. Thinking
2. Eating
3. Sleeping
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
Thinking
The main and foremost aim of Artificial Intelligence is to make the machine think and act like
humans.

4) Which of the following is not a goal of AI?

1. Thinking humanly
2. Adapting to the environment and situations
3. To rule over humans
4. Real Life Problem Solving

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 3
To rule over humans

The goal of AI might be to mimic human behavior and its way of thinking, but its goal is never
to make the AI robots rule on humans. If this would happen, it would lead to a serious man-made
disaster.

5) "In AI, we study the whole universe by dividing it into two components."
What are these two components?

1. Sky and Land

2. Agent and environment
3. Yes or No
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
Agent and environment

In AI, we study the whole universe by dividing it into two components: Agent and Environment.
The agent is the system under study and all its surroundings are termed as the environment.

1) Which of the following are the main tasks of an AI agent?

1. Movement and Humanly Actions

2. Perceiving and acting on the environment
3. Input and Output
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
Perceiving and acting on the environment

The main task of an AI-based agent is to perceive the relevant information and data from its
environment and act upon it accordingly.

2) State whether the following condition is true or false?

"An Artificial Intelligence-based agent does not require capable of doing tasks on its own
without any human intervention for inputs or other commands."

1. True
2. False

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
True

An AI-based agent is able to perform the entire tasks on its own. Provided, the agent is following
strong AI and not weak AI.

3) Which of the mentioned parts of an agent would you consider to be the most valuable in terms
of AI?

1. Sensors and Actuators

2. Wheels and steering
3. Arms and legs
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
Sensors and Actuators

The sensors and actuators are the most important parts of an AI-based agent. This is because,
even if an agent is not doing some manual tasks, still it needs sensors and actuators for
perceiving and acting upon the environment.

4) Which of the following is not a goal of an AI agent?

1. Perceiving data from the environment

2. Adapting to the environment and situations
 3. Acting upon the Environment
4. Reversing the previously performed actions

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
Reversing the previously performed actions

The goal of the AI agent cannot be reversing the previously performed actions because this thing
is not possible. If something has been taken place, and it is an irreversible process, then no agent
can reverse it to its previous state.

5) "An AI agent is defined though it's PEAS."

What does the term PEAS stand for?

1. Personal Enhancement Area in Science

2. Performance, Environment, Actuators and Sensors
3. Performance, Entity, Area, State
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
Performance, Environment, Actuators and Sensors

Any AI agent is defined through its four factors: Performance, Environment, Actuators and
Sensors.

1) Which of the following is a valid AI agent type?

1. Simple based Reflex agent

2. Model Based Reflex Agent
3. Goal Based Agent
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
All of the above

All the mentioned agents are valid types of AI agents. The simple based reflex agent works only
on the current problem and does not consider anything else. The model-based reflex agent works
similarly but can also work in a partially observable environment. And the goal-based agent
works to meet the goal as soon as possible.
2) State whether the following condition is true or false?

"A simple reflex based agent does not care about meeting the utility of the user."

1. True
2. False

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
True

The simple based reflex agent is designed only to respond to the currently occurring problem. I
do not bother about the effect its actions will cause on the environments or the utility of the user.

3) Which of the mentioned properties of the Utility-based AI agent differentiates it from the rest
of the AI agents?

1. Responding and providing solution to the problem

2. Meeting the preference of the user
3. Meeting the goal
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
Meeting the preference of the user

The utility-based agent focuses more on the utilities and preferences of the user to satisfy the
user’s needs. This property of this agent differentiates it from the other types of AI agents.

4) Which of the following does not represent a Goal based agent?

1. Reaching the goal in minimal amount of time

2. Reaching the goal in minimal cost
3. Reaching the initial state again after reaching the goal state
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 3
Reaching the initial state again after reaching the goal state
The goal-based agent focuses only on reaching the goal state. Going back to the initial state is
not the necessary action for it to take unless necessary.

5) Which of the following is considered as the most powerful AI agent?

1. Simple based reflex agent

2. Model based reflex agent
3. Goal based agent
4. Utility based agent

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
Utility based agent

The utility-based agent is termed as the most powerful agent because it meets all the user needs
as well as takes care whether the user is satisfied or not.

1) Which of the following classifications of the environment are valid?

1. Deterministic and non- Deterministic

2. Observable and partially-observable
3. Static and dynamic
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
All of the above

All the mentioned classifications of the environment are valid. The environment for an AI-based
system can be classified using any of the mentioned ways. There are two more ways of
classification of environments that are not listed. They are: Accessible and Inaccessible; and
continuous and Discrete.

2) State whether the following condition is true or false?

"The classification of the environment is independent of the type of AI model being used."

1. True
2. False

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
False

The classification of the environment is done only so that it becomes easier for the AI agent to
perceive it. In the real, no such classification exists because the environment is vast and more
likely unpredictable. Therefore, this classification highly depends upon the type of Agent.

3) Which of the mentioned Environment Classifications determine whether the environment

variables are constant or keep changing?

1. Deterministic and non- Deterministic

2. Observable and partially-observable
3. Static and dynamic
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 3
Static and dynamic

The classification of the environment which classifies the environment into two categories: Static
and dynamic determines whether the environment variables are static or dynamic. If you want to
deal with a continuous or static environment variable, then this type of classification must be
chosen.

4) Which of the following does not represent a valid environment type according to AI
classification of environments?

1. Deterministic and non- Deterministic

2. Observable and partially-observable
3. Static and dynamic
4. Left sided and right sided

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
Left sided and right sided

There is no classification of the environment such as left-sided or right-sided. Thus this

classification is invalid.

5) Which of the following is considered as the most specific environment classifications in AI?
 1. Discrete or Continuous
2. Observable and partially-observable
3. Static and dynamic
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
None of the above

None of the classifications can be termed as the most specific. Every classification is important
and it solely depends on the type of situation and agent that which classification should be
considered.

1) Which of the following definitions correctly defines the State-space in an AI system?

1. A state space can be defined as the collection of all the problem states
2. A state space is a state which exists in environment which is in outer space
3. A state space is the total space available for the agent in the state
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
A state space can be defined as the collection of all the problem states

All the possible states for an AI system together form the state space. The state-space means the
collection of all those states in which the agent can be.

2) State whether the following condition is true or false?

"An AI agent cannot be in any other state except for those included in the state space for
that particular system."

1. True
2. False

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
True

An AI system can be only in a state that is defined in its state space. This is because the state
space is the collection of all the possible states that the system can be in. Hence, there exists no
other state except for these in which the system can reside.
3) Which of the mentioned definitions correctly define 'move' for an AI agent?

1. When the agent moves from one place to another, then it is called the move of the agent
2. When the agent goes from one state to another, it is known as a move
3. Both (1) and (2)
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
When the agent goes from one state to another, it is known as a move

The "move" of an agent is defined with respect to the state it changes and not with respect to its
actual position.

4) "The complete set of rules for defining the valid movements of an AI agent for changing the
states"
What does the above definition refer to?

1. Documentation for an AI agent

2. Production rules for an AI agent
3. Pseudo Code for an AI agent
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
Production rules for an AI agent

The production rules for an AI agent are the complete set of rules for defining the valid
movements of an AI agent for changing the states.

5) State whether the following condition is true or false?

"Fault tolerance of a system can be defined as the ability of a system to sustain failures and
continue functioning."

1. True
2. False

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
True

The given statement is true and is the definition of Fault tolerance of the system.

1) The main Aim of the AI system is to provide a solution for real-life problems by acting and
thinking humanly. Whenever an agent is confronted by a problem, what is the first step that it
follows towards searching a solution to the problem?

1. Searching for relevant data in the surroundings

2. Searching into its own knowledge base for solutions
3. Seeking for human inputs for approaching towards the solution
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
Searching into its own knowledge base for solutions

Whenever an AI-based agent is confronted by a problem, it first looks into its database for a
solution or similar type of problem. Then it looks at other places like perceiving the
environment, applying logic, etc.

2) Which of the following mentioned searches are heuristic searches?

i. Random Search
ii. Depth First Search
iii. Breadth First Search
iv. Best First Search

Options:

1. Only iv.
2. All i., ii., iii. and iv.
3. ii. and iv.
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
Only iv.

In the best first search, which is also known as the heuristic search, the agent picks up the best
node based upon the heuristic value irrespective of where the node is.
3) Which of the mentioned properties of heuristic search differentiates it from other searches?

1. It provides solution in a reasonable time frame

2. It provides the reasonably accurate direction to a goal
3. It considers both actual costs that it took to reach the current state and approximate cost it
would take to reach the goal from the current state
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
All of the above

All the mentioned options are the properties that differentiate a heuristic search from other
searches.

4) Consider the following statement:

"The search first begins from the root node and the first one of the child node’s sub-tree is
completely traversed. That is, first all the one-sided nodes are checked, and then the other sided
nodes are checked."
Which search algorithm is described in the above definition?

1. The Breadth First Search (BFS)

2. The Depth First Search (DFS)
3. The A* search
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
The Depth First Search (DFS)

In DFS, the search first begins from the root node and the first one of the child node’s sub-tree is
completely traversed. That is, first all the one-sided nodes are checked, and then the other sided
nodes are checked.

5) Consider the following statement:

"In AI search algorithms, we look for a solution which provides us the most optimized way in
terms of both time and cost to reach from the current state to the Goal State."
State whether the above condition is true or false?

1. True
2. False
Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 1
True

If we want to optimize our algorithm, we must take care of both the time limit as well as the cost
that occurred in our searching. The lesser they are, the more efficient our algorithm is.

1) How many types of quantifiers are there that are used to represent knowledge?

1. 3 types
2. 2 types
3. User can define as many quantifiers he wants
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
2 types

There are two types of quantifiers: Universal Quantifier and Existential Quantifier.

2) There are two types of quantifiers used to quantify the statement in the knowledge
representation in AI. What are these two types of quantifiers?

i. Universal Quantifiers
ii. Subjective Quantifiers
iii. Existential Quantifiers
iv. Selective Quantifiers

Options:

1. i. and ii.
2. i. and iii.
3. ii. and iii.
4. iii. and iv.

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
i. and iii.

There are two types of quantifiers that are used to quantify the statement in an AI system:
Universal Quantifier and Existential Quantifier.
3) Which of the mentioned point correctly defines a quantifier in AI?

1. Quantifiers are numbers ranging from 0-9.

2. Quantifiers are the quantity defining terms which are used with the predicates.
3. Quantifiers quantize the term between 0 and 1.
4. None of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
Quantifiers are the quantity defining terms which are used with the predicates.

Quantifiers are the quantity defining terms that are used with the predicates. There are two types
of quantifiers that are used to quantify the statement in an AI system: Universal Quantifier and
Existential Quantifier.

4) Consider the following statement:

"The universal quantifier is used to define the whole subject population under the predicate."
By reading the above statement, what are the phrases for which the universal quantifier can be
applied?

1. For all
2. For each
3. For every
4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 4
All of the above

The universal quantifier is used to define the whole subject population under the predicate. It can
be used anywhere where the phrases like: 'for all', 'for each', 'for every' are used.

5) Consider the following statement:

"The Existential Quantifier is used at the places where only some part of the subject's population
is to be defined under the predicate."
By reading the above statement, what are the phrases for which the existential quantifier can be
applied?

1. For all
2. For some
3. For every
 4. All of the above

Answer & Explanation

Correct answer: 2
For some

The Existential Quantifier is used at the places where only some part of the subject's population
is to be defined under the predicate. It can be used at all the places where the following phrases
are used: 'There exist', 'For some', 'For at least', etc.