ExplanationText

#StudyAtHome
worksheet
Structure and
Language Features Analysis
Structure: which one is General Statement, Explanations and Conclusion/Closing part.

Language features: Simple Present, Passive Voice, Scientific/technical terms, Chronological

explanations, and Conjunctions.

Topic:

General Structure: Recently, people around the world are being threatened by what
they call an unseen force, a virus. The virus is called SARS-CoV 2
which causes COVID-19 or Coronavirus Disease 19. COVID-19 attacks
human's respiratory system, causing symptoms such as fever, dry
cough, and pneumonia. Although COVID-19 is less lethal than MERS
and SARS which appeared a few years ago, it is more infectious than
both of them, hence the spread of COVID-19 is now stated as a global
pandemic by WHO. So, how does the virus infect our body?
Explanations: COVID-19 is spread mainly through droplets which our body
produces when we cough or sneeze. The virus can also be spread
indirectly through surfaces like door knobs, hand rails, elevator
buttons, and other things that are often touched by people.
The coronavirus is named after the crownlike spikes that protrude
from its surface. The virus is enveloped in a bubble of oily lipid
molecules, which falls apart on contact with soap.
The process of how the virus infects our body can be explained in 9
phases as the following. First, when an unprotected person gets into
contact with droplets from an already infected person, either directly
or indirectly, the virus in those droplets enter our body through the
mouth, eyes, or nose. Second, it attaches to cells in the airway that
produce a protein called ACE2. The virus is believed to have
originated in bats, where it may have attached to a similar protein.
Third, the virus infects the cell by fusing its oily membrane with the
membrane of the cell. Once inside, the coronavirus releases a
snippet of genetic material called RNA. The virus’s genome itself is
less than 30,000 genetic “letters” long (ours is over 3 billion. Fourth,
the infected cell reads the RNA and begins making proteins that will
keep the immune system at bay and help assemble new copies of the
virus. Fifth, as the infection progresses, the machinery of the cell
begins to churn out new spikes and other proteins that will form
ExplanationText
#StudyAtHome
worksheet
more copies of the coronavirus. Sixth, new copies of the virus are
assembled and carried to the outer edges of the cell. Seventh, each
infected cell can release millions of copies of the virus before the cell
finally breaks down and dies. The viruses may infect nearby cells, or
end up in droplets that escape the lungs. Eighth, most COVID-19
infections cause a fever as the immune system fights to clear the
virus. In severe cases, the immune system can overreact and start
attacking lung cells. The lungs become obstructed with fluid and
dying cells, making it difficult to breathe. A small percentage of
infections can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and
possibly death. Lastly, coughing and sneezing can expel virus-laden
droplets onto nearby people and surfaces, where the virus can
remain infectious for several hours to several days. This whole
process can be either stopped or transmitted to others depending on
how well the infected person gets treated.
Closing/Conclusion: The responsibility on stopping the spread of COVID-19 is all on us as
a member of society. Preventive actions such as wearing masks in
public, avoiding large gatherings, and washing hands frequently has
been proven to lower the risk of infections. Younger people have to
distance ourselves from the public as we can still spread the disease
to the more susceptible group such as the elderly and
immunocompromised, even if we don't feel any symptoms.