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  • Characteristics Early Onset Late Onset

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    The document describes the differences between early and late onset neonatal sepsis. Early onset occurs within 72 hours of birth and is usually caused by maternal genital tract bacteria. It has more severe complications, a fulminant multisystem clinical presentation, and higher mortality. Late onset occurs after 72 hours and has a slower progression, often focal infections like meningitis. It can be caused by bacteria from the maternal tract or postnatal environment and has lower mortality.

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    Pediatri

    Original Title

    Infect neonatal 1

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    The document describes the differences between early and late onset neonatal sepsis. Early onset occurs within 72 hours of birth and is usually caused by maternal genital tract bacteria. It has more severe complications, a fulminant multisystem clinical presentation, and higher mortality. Late onset occurs after 72 hours and has a slower progression, often focal infections like meningitis. It can be caused by bacteria from the maternal tract or postnatal environment and has lower mortality.

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    13 views2 pages

    Characteristics Early Onset Late Onset

    Uploaded by

    Jiaaaah
    The document describes the differences between early and late onset neonatal sepsis. Early onset occurs within 72 hours of birth and is usually caused by maternal genital tract bacteria. It has more severe complications, a fulminant multisystem clinical presentation, and higher mortality. Late onset occurs after 72 hours and has a slower progression, often focal infections like meningitis. It can be caused by bacteria from the maternal tract or postnatal environment and has lower mortality.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Characteristics Early onset late Onset

    The timing of symptoms <72 hours > 72 hours


    Complications of pregnancy and childbirth + -
    Source of microorganisms Maternal genital tract
    Maternal genital tract,
    the postnatal environment
    Clinical manifestations Fulminan Slow progression
    Multisystem Focals
    Pneumonia Meningitis
    Mortality (%) 15-50% 10-20%
    Source : Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, editors. Nelson Textbook of
    Pediatrics. 20th edition. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2016. p. 629

    Clinical signs and symptoms do not help make a specific etiologic diagnosis, but rather raise suspicion
    of an intrauterine infection and help distinguish these infections from acute bacterial infections that
    occur during labor and delivery. The following signs and symptoms are common to many of these
    agents9:

     central nervous system: lethargy, poor suction reflex, weak crying, and the baby becomes irritable,
    and may be accompanied by seizures

     cardiovascular: pallor, cyanosis, cold,hypotension, tachycardia and bradycardia

     hematologic: bleeding (etc. Petekie and Purpura), splenomegaly and jaundice

     gastrointestinal system: diarrhea, abdominal distension, drinking intolerance

     respiration system: tachypnea, dyspnea, apnea,grunting and retractions.

     liver disorders: jaundice

    Evaluation of a Newborn for Infection 9

     Culture from a normally sterile site (blood, CSF, other) (Gold standar)

     Antigen detection (urine, CSF)

     Maternal or neonatal serology (syphilis, toxoplasmosis)

     Leukocytosis, increased immature/total neutrophil count ratio

     Acute-phase reactants: CRP, ESR

     Cytokines: interleukin 6

     Metabolic acidosis: pH, Pco2


     Pulmonary function: Po2 , Pco2

     Renal function: BUN, creatinine

     Hepatic injury/function: bilirubin, ALT, AST ammonia, PT, PTT

     Bone marrow function: neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia

    In this case obtained factor risk is baby had asphyxia neonatal. Sign and symptomps we obtained in
    case is cyanosis, tachypnea, grunting, retraction. Laboratory examination show increased
    immature/total neutrophil count ratio (IT ratio 0,22) so that patient was diagnosed suspect neonatal
    infection.

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