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  • Of of of Fluid: Fluids

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    Mss Faixa
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    The document summarizes several laws of thermodynamics and gas behavior: 1) The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. 2) Charles' law describes how the volume of a gas increases when temperature increases at constant pressure for an ideal gas. 3) Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases, as if each gas occupied the entire volume alone.

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    Lecture 3.pdf

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    The document summarizes several laws of thermodynamics and gas behavior: 1) The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. 2) Charles' law describes how the volume of a gas increases when temperature increases at constant pressure for an ideal gas. 3) Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases, as if each gas occupied the entire volume alone.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    34 views3 pages

    Of of of Fluid: Fluids

    Uploaded by

    Mss Faixa
    The document summarizes several laws of thermodynamics and gas behavior: 1) The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. 2) Charles' law describes how the volume of a gas increases when temperature increases at constant pressure for an ideal gas. 3) Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases, as if each gas occupied the entire volume alone.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 3

    The zeroth law of thermodynamics

    Thermal equilibrium state in which no changes take place


    b w two closed systems in contact w each other

    By definition two systems in thermal equilibrium have


    the same temperature
    Let AB systems in thermal eguil
    B C I

    Aand C are also in thermal eguil


    Experimentally
    zeroth law ofthermodynamics
    consider systems A B C each consisting of a const mass

    of different fluids
    ya const Pa is variable BY
    If f
    are independent
    Pa const Va is variable td var

    specify macroscopic state offluid ofgiven


    To mass

    and composition we need Pand U


    only
    Let A c in thermal eguil if Pa is fixed equi1 is
    reached at a particular value of Va
    only
    variable
    single independent
    Plot
    of Pa Va at fixedtemperature 0 isotherm
    T ET 1K Kelvin
    thermodynamic temperature
    Kelvin scale temperature of eguil systemofliquid water
    ice and water 273.16K
    vapor
    Celsius scale temperature of freezing point of water
    at Aatm 0 C degrees Celsius
    0 Oc T K 273 15
    2

    Relationship btw td properties of a


    system at eguil
    equation of stale
    p fCn YD NRT ideal perfect gas
    Low
    pressuregas pH eg of
    stale
    R K 1m01 1 constant
    8.314J gas
    Beylesslany 9
    pv
    constant Tsm
    the law
    P TzT3
    Experimentally
    o
    applies only
    ideal
    for p
    i e y
    gas
    Charles's law
    V B
    pansionofgases B Pz
    constant at pom const
    pp
    When T increases molecules T
    volume must expand
    move
    faster
    to the
    preserve pressure
    Charles's laws the ideal
    combining Boyle's gas
    state
    eg of
    n RT
    pv
    Say Lussadslay
    constant at Vsm const
    3

    Mix perfedgase
    Daltondstow flesio total mixture
    pressure of
    a

    is the sum of the


    of perfectgases paddedpressure
    pressure
    exerted
    by each component if placed alone
    in the container

    F PatPz T pi
    nd
    NYI nitnzt Rft
    Hot

    Not RT total number of moles


    p b
    Hot
    of perfect gases
    like a single
    gases behaves
    The mixture of perfect
    molecules do not interact
    perfect gas perfect gas
    w each other so the
    presence of multiplegas species
    does not affect
    anygas species contribution of each
    to is the same as if other
    gas species pressure species
    were not
    present
    Par i in a mixture
    pressure of
    a
    perfect gas
    p Lip
    x
    pi
    mole i in mixture
    Xi In fraction of species
    Obs For perfect

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