ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (15A02701)

Short Answer Questions of Unit-I

UNIT – I: LOAD MODELING AND CHARACTERISTICS
1. Define load factor and loss factor.
2. Differentiate between load factor and loss factor.
3. Discuss about loss factor.
4. Define non-coincident demand.
5. What is meant by term load? How loads can be classified?
6. Define the coincidence factor and give its significance.
7. The metered maximum diversified kVA demand on the distribution system is 75 kVA. The ratings of
three distribution transformers in the system are 50 kVA, 30 kVA, and 20 kVA. Determine the allocation
factor.
Ans:
By formula, Load allocation = Allocation factor * kVA of the transformer
Load allocation is also known as metered maximum diversified kVA demand on the distribution system
(= 75Kva for this case)
kVA of the transformer = Sum of the DTs (distribution transformers) rating
= 50 kVA +30 kVA +20 kVA = 100 kVA
Therefore, Load allocation = Allocation factor * kVA of the transformer
Allocation factor = (Load allocation / kVA of the transformer) = 75kVA / 100kVA = 0.75.
8. If the annual load growth rate is 5% for an area. Find the load demand at the end of 5 years for an initial
demand of 100 MW.
Ans:
Load growth equation is often used to explain the phenomenon of growth through time. For example,
if the load growth rate is known, the load at the end of the nth year is given by

Where, Pn is the load at the end of the nth year

P0 is the initial load (=100kW in this case)
g is the annual growth rate = (5% in this case= 0.05)
n is the number of years = (5 years in this case)
Therefore, load at the end of the nth year is given by = P5 = 100(1+0.05)5 = 127.62 kW.
 Short Answer Questions of unit-II
UNIT – II: CLASSIFICATION OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
1. Define the terms feeder and distributor.
2. Give the comparison of DC and AC distribution.
3. Draw the neat sketch of ring main distribution system
4. What are the characteristics of ring main distribution system?
5. Write the differences between radial and ring main distribution systems.
6. Compare radial and loop type feeders.
7. Differentiate between radial and loop types of primary distribution feeders.
8. Give a neat sketch of typical primary distribution feeder?
Essay Answer Questions of unit-II
1. (a)Compare the radial and loop type primary feeders.
(b)Explain the basic design practice of secondary distribution system.
2. (a) Discuss the factors to be considered while designing the radial type distribution feeder.
(b) Explain basic design practice of secondary distribution system and also discuss about secondary
banking.
3. Derive the expression for total series voltage drop and total copper power losses per phase for
uniformly distributed load. Give the assumptions shade if any?
4. (a) Classify different types of primary feeders and give their merits and demerits.
(b) Discuss the factors affecting the primary feeder voltage levels and primary feeder loading.
5. Consider the following 3φ distributor with 415 V secondary voltage, calculate the total voltage
drop, total power loss per phase and KVA.

6. Explain various factors that influence voltage level in design and operation of the distribution
system.