Theory :

In a four bar mechanism the link on which input motion is applied is known as driver. The output motion link is
follower and the middle link connecting these two links is coupler link. The fourth link is grounded. A four bar
mechanism has 1 degree of freedom .

If the input link can rotate fully it is called as crank. A link that can't rotate fully is known as rocker .

Grashof's Theorem :

If S is the smallest link,L is the largest link and P,Q are the intermediate links ,then there will be at least one link which
will be able to revolve/rotate if

S+ L< P+Q.

The four bar mechanisms that satisfy this criteria are known as grashofian mechanism.

TYPES OF GRASHOF MECHANISMS :

Position of shortest link Type of mechanism

1 If S is the ground link double crank mechanism.
2 If S is the side link crank rocker mechanism.
3 If S is the coupler link double rocker mechanism.
If the input and output link intersect in a plane ,then the four bar mechanism is said to be in crossed configuration else the
mechanism is said to be in open configuration

Problem statement:

Is sewing machine a 4 bar mechanism and if it is a 4 bar mechanism what will be its mobility and what will be input
and output.

Introduction:

 sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread. Sewing machines
were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in
clothing companies.

Crank: Link that rotates completely about a fixed axis.

Rocker [Level]: Link that oscillates within a limited angle of rotation about a fixed axis.

Coupler [Floating] Link: Link that is not directly connected to the fixed link or frame.

Slider: Link that forms a prismatic pair (SLIDING PAIR) with one link and a revolute (turning) pair with another
link.

Input [Driving] Link: Link where by motion and force are imparted to a mechanism.

Output [Driving] Link: Link from which required motion and forces are obtained.
Joint: The physical realization of a kinematic pair.

Kinematic Chain: Assemblage of links and joints.

Sliding Block: Compact element of a prismatic pair that slides along a guiding element.

Guide: Element of a prismatic pair that is fixed two a frame and constrains the motion of a sliding block.

Crosshead: Component between a piston and a connecting rod which, by forming a prismatic joint with the frame,
provides a reaction to the component of force in the connecting rod normal to the line of stroke of the piston.

Connecting Rod: Coupler between a piston and or a cross-head and a crank shaft

Analysis :

Four-Bar Linkage

Four-Bar Linkages can be used for non linear motion transmission.

In a four-bar linkage, Grashof’s Law determines whether there is a link that can rotates 360 degree.

• If the sum of length of the longest and shortest links are less than the sum of length of the other two links,
there must be a link that can rotate 360 degree.
 • If not, no link can rotate 360 degree.

When Grashof’s Law is satisfied, there are 3 possible mechanisms: crank and rocker, double crank, and double
rocker.

Crank and Rocker Mechanism :The shortest link is input crank or output crank. Input crank or output crank rotates 360
degrees.

Double Crank Mechanism: The shortest link is ground link. Both input crank and output crank rotate 360 degrees.

Double Rocker Mechanism: The shortest link is coupler link. The coupler link can rotate 360 degrees.

Discussion :

Since the velocity is found same in every method. Hence, it can be said that the calculation of the velocity is
accurate. Moreover, advance to return time ratio is more than unity. So, it is quick return mechanism. But the
reading of the parameters may not be accurate. Blunders may occur during taking readings. In that sense the
results may not be accurate as it is provided by the manufacturer.
 Project on

Planar Mechanism as a Sewing machine

Course Code: MEC 371

Prepared by

Sanjid Hossain

ID-12307024

Sec-Day

Prog-BSME

Supervisor

Dr. KMN Sarwar Iqbal

Associate professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering

 Submission date: 07-12-14

IUBAT- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology