Design and Analysis of G+6 storeyed R.C.C.

Building Frame

A Dissertation submitted
in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in CIVIL ENGINEERING

Submitted by
MADHAV MISHRA
17CE8060

Under the supervision of

Dr. PRONAB ROY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DURGAPUR
DURGAPUR – 713209, WEST BENGAL

22dec 2020
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 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I do hereby declare that the work which is being presented in the dissertation
entitled, “Design and Analysis of G+6 storeyed building” in partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Civil
Engineering and submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering, National
Institute of Technology Durgapur is an authentic record of my work carried out by
me during the period of September 2020 to December 2020 under the supervision
of Dr. Pronab Roy. The matter presented in this thesis has not been submitted by
me for the award of any other degree to this or other University/ Institute.

PLACE – NIT DURGAPUR MADHAV MISHRA

DATE – 22/12/2020 ROLL NO.- 17CE8060

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
NIT DURGAPUR

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 CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that the thesis entitled, “Design and Analysis of G+6 storeyed
building” is hereby approved as a creditable study of an engineering subject
carried out and presented in a manner satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as a
pre-requisite to the degree for which it has been submitted. It is understood that by
approval the undersigned do not necessarily endorse or approve any statement
made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but to approve this thesis
only for the purpose for which it is submitted.

Signature of Supervisor Dr. PRONAB ROY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DURGAPUR, WEST BENGAL, INDIA

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am grateful to my supervisor Dr PRONAB ROY and would like to express my

sincere gratitude to him for his experience, guidance, perseverance and hospitality.
He had complete faith in me from the very beginning and kept on encouraging me
to realize my potential. This work would not have been possible to complete
without profiting from his expertise, encouragement, valuable time and criticisms.

MADHAV MISHRA
17CE8060

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 Table of Contents

Sl no. Contents Page no.

1 List of abbreviations and symbols 6
2 Abstract 7
3 keywords 7
4 Introduction 7
5 Literature Review 8-10
6 Design Basis 10-14
7 Design Data for RCC Structure 14-15
8 Calculation 15-17
9 STAAD pro Report 18-25
10 Some pictures from project 26-27
11 Some Output Results 28-30
12 Conclusion 31
13 References 31

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List of Abbreviation and Symbols:
EQ+X Seismic load in +x direction
EQ-X Seismic load in -x direction
EQ+Z Seismic load in +z direction
EQ-Z Seismic load in -z direction
Wind+x Wind load in +x direction
Wind-x Wind load in -x direction
Wind+z Wind load in +z direction
Wind-z Wind load in -z direction

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ABSTRACT:
Designing a structure in such a way that reducing damage during an earthquake makes the
structure quite uneconomical, as the earthquake might or might not occur in its life time and is a
rare phenomenon. In this report a G+6 RCC framed structure has been analysed and designed
using STAAD.Pro V8i. The building is designed as per IS 1893(Part 1):2002 for earthquake
forces in different seismic zones. The main objectives of the paper are to compare the variation
of steel percentage, maximum shear force, maximum bending moment, and maximum deflection
in different seismic zone. Variations are drastically higher from zone II to zone V. The steel
percentage, maximum shear force, maximum bending moment, maximum deflection is increases
from zone II to zone V.

KEYWORDS:
STAAD.Pro, steel percentage, Maximum Shear force, Maximum Bending Moment, Maximum
Deflection, Seismic zones.

INTRODUCTION:
Many researches have been conducted on this topic and still it is continuing, because more we
try to learn more we can minimize the damages and save the lives. According to studies have
been made on the seismology about 90%earthquake happens due to tectonics. If we come to civil
engineering an engineer’s job is to provide maximum safety in the structures designed and
maintain the economy.
The latest version of seismic zoning map of India given in the earthquake resistant design code
of India [IS 1893 (Part1) 2002] assigns four levels of seismicity for India in terms of zone
factors. In other words, the earthquake-zoning map of India divides India into 4 seismic zones
(Zone 2, 3, 4 and 5) unlike its previous version, which consisted of five or six zones for the
country. According to the present zoning map, Zone 5 expects the highest level of seismicity
whereas Zone 2 is associated with the lowest level of seismicity.
Zone 5 covers the areas with the highest risks zone that suffers earthquakes of intensity MSK IX
or greater. The IS code assigns zone factor of 0.36 for Zone 5. Structural designers use this factor
for earthquake resistant design of structures in Zone 5. The zone factor of 0.36 is indicative of
effective (zero periods) level earthquake in this zone. It is referred to as the Very High Damage
Risk Zone. The region of Kashmir, the western and central Himalayas, North and Middle Bihar,
the North-East Indian region and the Rann of Kutch fall in this zone.

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Zone 4 is called the High Damage Risk Zone and covers areas liable to MSK VIII. The IS code
assigns zone factor of 0.24 for Zone 4. The Indo-Gangetic basin and the capital of the country
(Delhi), Jammu and Kashmir fall in Zone 4. In Maharashtra, the Patan area (Koyananager) is
also in zone no 4. In Bihar the northern part of the state like- Raksaul, near the border of India
and Nepal, is also in zone no 4.
Zone 3, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, parts of Kashmir, Western Himalayas fall under this
zone. This zone is classified as Moderate Damage Risk Zone, which is liable to MSK VII. The IS
code assigns zone factor of 0.16 for Zone 3.
Zone 2 is liable to MSK VI or less and is classified as the Low Damage Risk Zone. The IS code
assigns zone factor of 0.10 (maximum horizontal acceleration that can be experienced by a
structure in this zone is 10% of gravitational acceleration) for Zone 2.
Since the current division of India into earthquake hazard zones Zone 1 does not use, no area of
India is classed as Zone 1.Future changes in the classification system may or may not return this
zone to use.

Literature Review:
Method of analysis of statically indeterminate portal frame .
I. Method of Flexibility Coefficients.
II. Slope Displacement Methods (Iterative Methods)
III. Moment Distribution Method.
IV. Kani’s Method (Approximate Method).
V. Cantilever Method.
VI. Portal Method.
VII. Matrix Method.
VIII. STADD Pro.

STAAD Pro
This chapter reviews about some of the fundamental concepts of structural design and present
them in a manner relevant to the design of light frame residential structures. The concepts from
the basis for understanding the design procedures and overall design approach addressed in the
remaining chapter of the guide. With this conceptual background, it is hoped that the designer
will gain a greater appreciation for creative and efficient design of home, particularly the many
assumptions that must be made.

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The world is leading Structural Analysis and Design package for Structural Engineers.
• Starting the Program.
• Creating a New Structure.
• Creating Joints and Members.
• Switching On Node and Beam Labels.
• Specifying Member Properties.
• Specifying Material Constants.
• Specifying Member Offsets.
• Printing Member Information.
• Specifying Supports.
• Specifying Loads.
• Specifying the Analysis type.
• Specifying Post-Analysis Print Commands.
• Specifying Steel Design Parameters.
• Performing Analysis and Design.

• Viewing the Output File.

Verifying results on screen both graphically and numerically,
STAAD pro features state of the art user interface, visualization tools, powerful analysis and
design engines with advanced finite element (FEM) and dynamic analysis and design to
visualization and result verification STAAD pro is the professional first choice. STAAD pro was
developed by practicing engineers around the globe. It has evolved over 20 years and meets the
requirements of ISO 9001 certification.
STADD pro has building codes for most countries including US, Britain, Canada, Australia,
France, Germany, Spain, Norway, Finland, Sweden, India, China, Euro Zone, Japan, Denmark
and Holland.

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 DESIGN BASIS

Design and Analysis of G+6 storeyed R.C.C.

Building Frame

A. LOCATION
The project is located at Sultanpur, U.P. (zone-3: based on Vulnerability Atlas of
India,BMTPC) .

B. GENERAL
The followings are the proposed Important buildings.
1. Ground +6 Storey RCC building of 20m x20 m.

C. CODES
The structural design document is in general accordance with the minimum requirements of
the Indian codes and standards.

In the analysis, design and detailing of the building, the latest editions of following Indian
Standards will be referred.

1. Minimum Design Loads for Buildings other than seismic Loads:

IS Code Description

IS 875 (Part 1) : 1987 Dead Loads – Unit Weight of Building

Material and Stored Material

IS 875 (Part 2): 1987 Imposed Loads

IS 875 (Part 3): 1987 Wind Loads

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 IS 875 (Part 5): 1987 Special loads and load combinations

2. Seismic Provisions for Buildings:

IS Code Description

IS 1893 : 2002 Criteria for earthquake resistance design of

structures.

IS 13920: 1993 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete

Structures subjected to Seismic Forces –
Code of Practice.

3. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete:

IS Code Description

IS 456: 2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete – Code of

practice

SP 16 Design aids for Reinforced concrete to IS:

456-1978.

SP 34 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and

Detailing

IS 3370 Code of practice for Concrete structures for

the storage of liquids

D. MATERIALS
1. Cast – in – Situ Concrete: Normal Weight, 24000 N/m3 (25000 N/m3 for loading
calculations).

a. Type of concrete and corresponding compressive strengths and Modulus of

Elasticity, Ec are as follows:

Concrete Cube Strength fck Short term Ec (Mpa)

Grade (Mpa)

M25 25 25000

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 b. Poisson’s ratio = 0.2

c. Coefficient of thermal expansion = 9.9 x 10-0.6 per oC.

2. Reinforcement:

a. Reinforcing bars: IS 1786 Fe 500 (Fy = 415Mpa)

E. WIND LOAD

1. Wind Load Parameter

Gust wind loads are determined from IS: 875 (Part 3) – 1987, using the following
parameters:

Basic Wind Speed: Vb = 44 m/s

Probability factor (50 years design life): K1 = 1.0
Terrain category: III,
Building Class: B ( Building dimension >20m)
Topography factor: K3 = 1
Terrain, Height factor: K2 = 1,From Table 33

F. SEISMIC LOADS

1. Seismic loads are determined from IS: 1893:2002, based on the following parameters:
Seismic Zone : III
Seismic Zone Factor: Z = 0.16
Importance Factor: I = 1.5
Type of Lateral System: SCMRF
Response reduction factor: R=5

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 Soil Class: Medium
Height of building (H): 21 m (Above ground upto terrace slab)
Base dimension @ plinth level (d): 20m X 20m
Fundamental Natural Period (Ta): 0.075(h)0.75
Average response acceleration Coefficient: Sa/g = Varies with Ta

The seismic dead load, W, includes:

- construction dead load;
- superimposed dead load, including partition allowance;
- 50% of imposed load.

2. The seismic base shear is determined according to IS: 1893

Vb = Z/2 x I/R x Sa/g x W.

G. DEFLECTIONS

1. Immediate deflections of concrete beams due to live load are limited to Span/350.
2. The deflection of beams (e.g. parapet, cantilever beams) occurring after attachment of
nonstructural elements(sum of the long-term deflection due to all dead and
superimposed dead loads and the immediate deflection due to live load) is limited to
Span/250.
3. The deflection of beams (supporting curtain and partition walls) occurring after
attachment of nonstructural elements (sum of the long-term deflection due to all dead
and superimposed dead loads and the immediate deflection due to live load) is limited
to Span/480.
4. The total building sway deflection is limited to the following:
a. For wind loading: (total building height) / 500

5. Interstory shear deformation is limited to the following:

a. For wind loading: (story height) / 500
b. For seismic loading: (story height) / 250

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H. LOAD COMBINATIONS

Definitions:

D. L. = Dead Load
L. L. = Live Load (net reduced live load after coefficient is applied), including
Roof live load
Wind+x = Wind Load in X direction
Wind+y = Wind Load in Y direction
EQx = Seismic Load in X direction
EQz = Seismic Load in Y direction

Design Data of RCC Frame Structures

S.No Particulars Dimension/Size/Value

1. Model G+6
2. Seismic Zones 3rd
3. Floor height 3m
4. Building height 21(from the base of foundation)
5. Plan size 20mx20m
6. Total plot area 400 m2
7. Size of columns 0.60m x 0.60m
8. Size of beams 0.45m x0.60m
9. Walls External: 0.23m
10. Thickness of slab 0.15 m
11. Earthquake load As per IS-1893-2002
12. Type of soil Type -II, Medium soil as per IS- 1893
13. Ec 5000√fck N/ mm2(Ec is short term static modulus of
elasticity in N/ mm2)
14. Fck 0.7√fc k N/ mm2(Fck is characteristic cube strength of
concrete in N/ mm2

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15. Live load 4kN/ m2
16. Rock and Soil silt 2
Factor
17. Specific wt. of 25.00 kN/ m2
RCC
18. Material used Concrete M-25 and Reinforcement Fe-500
19. Reinforcement High strength deformed steel Confirming to IS- 786. It is
used having modulus of Elasticity as 2 00 kN/mm2
20. Static analysis Equivalent static lateral force method
21. Dynamic analysis Using Response spectrum method
22. Software used STAAD-Pro for both static and dynamic analysis
23. Fundamental Ta = 0 .09 h /√d for all other building i/c moment
natural period of resisting RC frame building with brick infill walls
building Where h = height of building d = base dimension of
building at plinth level in m along the considered
direction of lateral forces.
24. Zone factor Z 0.16
25. Damping Ratio 5%
26. Importance factor 1.5
27. Time Period In X-Direction=0.422 sec
In Z-Direction=0.422sec

CALCULATION:

Size of beam =0.45x0.60

Size of column=0.6x0.6
Size of building=20m x 20m
Height of storey=0.3m
Dead Load of slab using finishing=3.75 KN/m2
Dead load on wall (outer) =13.984 KN/m2
Soil below foundation is hard soil,(Rock and Soil silt factor) =2
Importance factor = 1.5
Response reduction factor =5
Zone in which building located =3rd
Type of structure = RCC

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 Damping ratio = 5%
Time period in x direction = 0.9h/√d
=0.422 sec
Time period in z direction =0.422 sec
Floor area = 20x20 =400 m2
For live load up to and redacting = 3 KN/m2
Percentage of live load to be considered = 25%
Total seismic weight on the floor W = ∑ Wi
Where ∑ Wi is the sum of loads from all the floors, which includes dead loads and
appropriate % of live loads.
Effective weight at each floor except that of roof = 3.75+2+(0.25*3)
=6.5 KN/m2
And at the roof = 3.75KN/m2
Weight of beam at each floor and the roof = 0.45x0.60x(total length of beam)*25
=0.45x0.6x200x25
= 3350KN
Weight of the column at each floor = 0.6x0.6x(3-0.6)x25x25
= 540 KN
Weight of column at roof (as per IS 1893) = ½ x540
= 270 KN
Total plan area = 400 m2
Equivalent load at roof level = 3.75x400+1350+270
= 3120 kN
Equivalent load at each floor = (3.75+2+25% of live load) x400+1350+540
= 4590 KN
Seismic weight of building W = 3120+ (5 story)x4590
= 26070 KN
Fundamental natural period of vibration of a moment resisting forms without in fill
Ta = 0.075 h0.75
= 0.075x210.75
=0.736 sec
Average response acceleration coefficient Sa/g for 5% damping and type soil is 1.04
Design horizontal seismic coefficient,
Ag = ZI (Sa/g)/2R
=0.1x1.5x1.04/2x5
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 = 0.025
BASE SHEAR,
Vb = Ag*w
=0.025x26070 = 650.707 KN
Lateral load and shear load at various floor levels,
Design lateral force at floor,
Qi = Vb*Wi*hi2/ 2

Lateral load and shear loads at difference floor levels;

Storey Wi(KN) Vi(KN)

Hi(m) Wihi2 2
Qi(KN)
1 3120 21 1375920 118.364 925
0.1898
2 4590 18 3598560 0.496 322.751 1947
3 4590 15 1032750 0.1425 92.725 2787
4 4590 12 660960 0.0912 59.344 3508
5 4590 9 371790 0.0513 33.381 4078
6 4590 6 165240 0.0228 14.836 4514
7 4590 3 41310 0.0057 3.7044 4833
2
= 7246530

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STADD PRO REPORT

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SOME PICTURES FROM PROJECT:

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Some Results from Output File:

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CONCLUSION:
The Analysis and design of a G+6 storeyed RCC building was done as a part of my project.
The study help me to gain ample exposure to various field practices in the study in the
analysis and design of mid rise buildings, and also in various construction techniques used in
industry. In the plot area of 700sq. m I constructed a g+6 storeyed building having a plot
area of 400sq. m. Building plan was read from Autocad, designing and analysis is done in
STAAD Pro. The designing and detailing was done according to standard specification of
various codes to the possible extend. All the results are satisfactory. The various difficulties
encountered in the design process and various constraints faced by the structural engineer
were well understood. This study helped to understand and analyse the structural problem
faced by the construction industry.

REFRENCES:
1. Is: 456-2000 design for reinforced.
2. IS: 875(part-3)-1987 code of practice for design loads for building and structures.
3. IS: 13920 (1993), Indian Standard Code of Practice for Ductile Detailing of Reinforced
Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
4. IS: 1893 (Part 1), (2007), Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of
Structures, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
5. SP: 16 designs for reinforce concrete.
6. AUTO CAD & STAAD PRO- 2007
7. Reinforcement concrete design by N.KRISHNA RAJU & R.N.PRANESH
8. Design of reinforced concrete structure by S.RAMAMURTHAM
9. Divyakmath, K.Vandana Reddy, Analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures-A
G+4 building model, miniproject report, GokarajRangarajuInstitue of Engineering and
Technology, Hyderabad, India, 2012
10. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology
Website: www.ijirset.com

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