ENGI 7704 Design of Steel

Structures
Computer Analysis of Steel
Structures by STAAD

STAAD PRO 2004 SOFTWARE

STAAD is a comprehensive structural engineering
software that addresses all aspects of structural
engineering analysis, design, verification, and
visualization.
STAAD performs the analysis and design of the
structure for different types of structures, such as
trusses, plane, space (3D), floors (2 D plane and but
loads are vertical or out of that plane).

STAAD Tutorials
Giving demonstration for how to use the software by
showing only the basic steps for static analysis.

As STAAD has two main methods of modeling

(input editor (script language) and/or through graphical
environment). Tutorials will show only graphical
methods.
Further readings and more information about the
program can be found through the internet.
For example www.reiworld.com

STAAD Tutorial No.1

ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS

TUTORIAL NO.1: STEEL TRUSS

The figure above shows a steel truss from several trusses

supposed to cover a certain area. As shown, the truss has a
cantilever part its span equals 4.0m. The proposed truss depth is
3.0m.The loads as shown, are concentrated at the truss joints. The
values of its load case are shown. Use all the data you take in the
Steel Course for analysis and design.

Main Steps of Modeling

Entering job information.
Building model geometry.
Defining member properties, sections.
Assigning loads (load cases, combinations..)
Defining pre-analysis print out, analysis type,
and post-analysis printout.
Defining design requirements.

How to Start the Program?

From Start Menu - Select the STAAD.Pro icon from the
STAAD.Pro 2004 program group.

The STAAD Graphical Environment will be invoked and the

following screen will appear:

10

1. ENTERING JOB INFORMATION.

11

2. Building Model (Structure) Geometry

How to Define the Truss Geometry?
One of the methods that you can create
construction lines and then draw on
these lines the truss members.

Noting that the number of

construction lines is excluding

first line.

12

Modeling

i Ii

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Rotate

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Q)

-=~

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il

11(
)
1

:
al
!Pt '
a

(l)

CJ)

~
V

Q)

c:
Q)

(.!)

J ---~.>

11 Add Beams

,+

~
CJ)
~

"E

-~"'

; ;::

a..

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V (

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(V

c,

::J'
~

'Iii

c..

12 -

Rl1L,1BI:R TO SA\ 'I: vora \YORK fREQUE'.\'1LY

r(

13

After clicking Snap Node/Beam, use

the mouse and connect between
nodes created at the intersections of
construction lines.
~m1.11e1111eews11;111111;;a

Snap to existing nodes too

1------------
l~.~~E..~.~~-~~-~~-~!!!i
~

Close

_ ]CJ!29

Tutorialt.s

nvn

0.000

0.000

mm

0.000

3000.000

nvn

0.000

0.000

4000.000
8000.000
12000.000
12000.000
8000.000
4000.000

3
4

5
6
7
8
9
8"""1

Node A
3

2
4
5
6

--

3000.000
3000.000
3000.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Node B

- _ .. -- ---5

5
6
7

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Property Refn.

.. ..

----

---+.-------------- .

6
7
8
1

14

How to see the Diagram Labels (ex. Node numbers, beam numbers, etc.?

15

Node and beam labels are a way of identifying the

entities we have drawn on the screen, and very
useful when dealing with the output results.

16

3. Defining member properties, sections

Property:
In which we can define or choose sections
properties of the members of the truss.
Spec.:
In which we can define or choose members
specifications.
Support:
In which we can define the supports properties
(restraints).
Load:
In which we can define the applied loads, load
cases, load combinations.
Material
In which we can define the material properties.
(ex. E, density, etc.)
17

Property:

18

Section Profile Tables

Steel

I Tirrber I Aluminum I

American
...
ll Ameiican Steel Joist
ll American Cold Formed
ll Australian
ll British
ll Canadian
~ WShape
- ~ M Shape
~ S Shape
~ HPShape
~ WWShape
~ Channel
~ MCChannel
E] An~e
~ Tube
~Pipe

ll

ll

ll
ll
ll

'

Chinese

Dutch
Ewopean
French

Angle
Select Angle

L25X25X3
L25X25X4
L35X35X3
L45X3~3
L25X25X5
L55X35X3
L35X35X4
L45X3~4
L55X55X3
View Table

Type Spec~icalion

(.' ST (Single Section from Table)

(' AA (Single Angle w/AeverseY-Z Axis)
(' LO (Long Leg Back to Back. Double Angle)
(' SD (Short Leg Back to Back, Double Angle)

..:J

SP (Space BetweenAnqlo: J 111

mm

~ Material

Add

A.$$1gn

Close

Help
19

Assigning the sections created to the model

20

Supports

By clicking on the support

icon the shown window will
appear.
We have to create new
kinds of supports.

21

Create Support

Enfo1ced But
Fixed

Multili'lear Spring
Fotlldation
Pinned
Fixed But

Ird11ed JJ
Enforced

Hinged or Pinned support

Restraints (Fx, Fy, Fz)
<defaults>

Aestrllint

----tlJJr~

Add

Cancel

Help

22

(Fixed but) Support

All clirections are restrained

Create Support

Enf01ced But
Fixed

MulilinMr Spring
Foo.rdatiOl'l
Fixed
BIA
l'lmed

Release

Inclined
Enforced

Define Spring

17 FX

KFX:

kN/rrvn

KFY:

kN/rrvn

17 FZ

KFZ:

kN/rrvn

MX

KMX:

kN-nwn/de

MY

KMY:

kN-nwn/de

17

MZ

KMZ:

kN-nwn/de

rFY

11

or fixecl and we choose what

are the directions that we
want to release.

--

-.

Add

Cancel

Help

23

Use the mouse and click on the nodes according to its support type as shown below
rt;] Tutorial t.std - Whole Structure

2
9

'

-IOI~

10
7

Ref

Description

Sl

No support

52

Support 2

53

Support 3

3
2

- IOI~

Edit

Create

Delete

Assignment Method
I

Assign To Selected Nodes

Assign To View

\. Use Cursor To Assign

(' Assign To Edit List

- ---------

8ssigning

Close

Help

24

4. Defining Loads
The creation and
assignment of load cases
involves the following two
steps:
1. First, we will be
creating all 3-load cases.
2. Then, we will be
assigning them to the
respective
members/nodes.

For example:
Dead Load Case can be Load Case No. 1
Add New: t oad (a'"'
Pnmary

II
11

Primary

Load Geneialion
Define Coobnaticns
A.to Load Combna1ion
LoacfingType:

I None

::::]

Dead

live

Rool Live

Wind

T ~le

.----------~Seismic
Dead Load

Snow
Fluids

Add

26

Help

Live Load Case can be Load Case No. 2, and Wind Load is the load case No. 3

Add New : load Cases

Iii
Iii

Prinary
Load Genetation

Primary

Deline~

~o Load c:.onDWion
Number

::J

12
Aool Live
Wind

T ""-'

..-----------tSei$1Tlic
Live Loads
Snow
F~ids

.'
'

Add

Close

27

Also, we can define load combinations according to required.

For example, we can create a load combination
1.25 D.L. + 1.5 L.L + 0.8 W.L.
=="'-- ;;.s

load

EJ
S

OehnllOM
.. .. i C . .-

In Dead Loads create the self weight definition

l!'1 ft1 , , ,, ,, , ,,, Doto~

W 2 : U.o Lo.Ct
II;} 3. WrdLO<ds

f:d~

4CD1'4Bl>:Al~LO~CASE.t

];l (1.25)KL0.CI

II (1 SJ Load 2
- 1l (0. BJ .LO.C 3

. ~.-

[r

Acl:I.

EdL

Oeltle.

r=eLo.<1

,,

""

II Sel..,olt

r.

Er I

E)

ll
'

'

""'

H_.,

ii
ii
II
II
II
!I
!I
II
II

So~lo>d
Nodol lOod
,...-, Loa:!

or-~

rx

Al~load
FOOLM<I

P.ateloa:ls
St.tface loa:ls

Facio<

11

S!lid loads
Temie<il'ieloads

s.;.,,;, loads
Trne J.i.10<)'

!I WindLo<d
ti Resoonse Si)edla
ll Reooal load

Self weight is defined in tile

negative - Y direction
28

Close

Help

29

In each Load Case create the Nodal Loads on the truss as specified before.
Make sure of the directions of forces according to the global coordinates.

Create New nefuuncns /Load Cases /Load Items :

Definitions

I LocdCase Load Items

lfl
lf

Selfweight
Nodal Load
;.[] Node
L. ~ Guppo1t

Node

Dieplecemera

lf

lfl

lfl
lfl
lfl
If
lf
lf
lf
lf
lf
lf
lf

Member Load
Area Load
Floor Load
Plate Loads
Surface Leeds
Solid Loads

jo

kN

.---Fy 120

kN

Fx

kNmm
kNmm

TemperatureLoads
Seismic Loa:ls
Time Histor;
Wind Load
Response Spectra
Repeat Loaj
Frequency

Fz

jo

kN

kNmm

Add

Help

31

32

5. Defining pre-analysis print out, analysis type,

and post-analysis printout.

Pre-Print

In which we are telling the program

what are the properties that we require to
be recorded and printed in the output
files before performtng the analysis.

Analysis

In which we are choosing from different

types of structural analysis. The analysis type
\e are required to do is a linear static type.

~
~

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Ir.,., .
_

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.:

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.-

t:

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Q ..

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. 1

12

In which we are telling the program what

Post-Print

are
the
pro
pert
ies

that \e
require
to
be
recorded
and

printed in the output files after

performlng the analysis .

33


,Modeling

l~:

e~ n

0...

...

'

Analysis
To specify the Analysis
command, first go to
Analysis/Print Page

0...

from the left side of the

1ill

ca 7ij

E
~

-'

"~'

Q)

cQ)

<!:>

~~

0...

ti>'

.;~~

...
1
!!

-~

0
0...

..

pages as shown below.

Pedorm Cable Anal.,..,.

. . . . . . . . . . . ..
Change

screen.

Tl1e11, click on the

Analysis sub-page from
the second row of

J ' li' it t> Y iil w ili ~

IP (
c;;
~

6#41''%''''''''6''
(- Perform Analysis

Priit Option-

No Print

(" LoadData

r. Statics Check
(" Statics Load
(" Mode Shapes

("Both

Al

Nonlinear Analy$i$

d
m- I
~

~
Q)

] .:!

Choose Statics Check

and Click Add
Close.
then

~~~nt

I: /..

Add

,Tl

Clo$0

Help

34

After creating the comrnand of (Perform analysis - Static check),

we have to assign the members that wants to be this type of
analysis for it.
Click Assign, and then use the cursor and choose all the
members, thus all the members should be highlighted as shown
below.
r;;;J Tutoridll.td - Whole Structure

~~~'--==-~~~~~~~
~ S"AAC TRUSS
Ill

CJ

START JOB INFORMATlml

INPUT WIDTH 79
UN:T MMS KN
JO NT COORDINATES
MEMBER INCIDENCES
!ti CJ DEFlNE MATERIAL START
GI ::'.:) MEMBER PROPERTY CAl'lADIAN
~ CU~SlANTS
t=) Sl 'PORTS
::.J U 0 1 LOADTYPE N<lne TITLE DEAD LOA[
0 LO. J) 2 LOAD TYPE Lrve TITLE Live Load
i:J LO...O 3 LOAD TYPE W 'Id T'TLE "'"'d Load
(B ,_) LO..O COMB 4 COMBINAT .JN LOAD CASE 4
</' PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT STATICS CHEC
,/ FlMSH
~
"'
,/
..,

As.Jgned GeorretJY

Deline Commands. ..

I
35

lodd 7

I:

Close

H~

36

Pre-Print

To add the pre-print commands click

Define Commands

~~~iii~ ==

~~~~~ii~~~==========~~~D~l~25.J!/li i i i
~~
E

S T AA D

TRU

.Ji

SS

Ii] (:) START JOB INFORMATION

// JOINT
l~JPUTCOORDINATES
WIDTH 7S

/
IE ()

UNIT MMS KN

MEMBER INODENCES
DEFINE MATERIAL START

Highight Assigned Geomeuy

T ogge t,sii'i'

_J

: I Define Commands... I :

AssignmerMIMI!

Qr

el cted Be"mt

As$ign To View

r:

Asstgn To Ed~ List

r. Use Cursor To AtsiQn

load 2

A ,,.,

Close

Help

Material
Analysis/Print

-Support Information
Member Properties

Commands

Element lnl01mation
Problem Statistics
Material Properties

Solid Information
Joint Coordinates
Support Information

Properties

Member Properties
Member Information
All
Entire Table

Joint Coordinates

-Or we can choose All !

This command has no additional parameters.

do on need and then use

:.1'- Add .1..,..----A-

r
A ft e r

Co .. u ent

s s ign

-'

ur or
---~ Close

Help

o Assign

to which

members in the truss 37

General R11le in STAAD:

When you find any of the commands
you have added are marked by the

-Pre Analysis Prmt - Whole Structure

~
1tJ 2) LOnD JLOADTYPEWond TITLEWl_N_D_L_C"""
~ LO.n IJMB 4 COMBINATlot~ LOAD CASI
, ~RFORM ANALYSIS PRINl STA TICS CH
PRINT MATERIAL PROPERTIES
,;> PRINT MEMBER PROPERTIES
v' PRINT MEMBER PROPERTIES
" FlNISH

question 1nark ('?) that means that

P'

you didn't assign this command to

HoglilogUA$$qied Geomet1y

TC>PAis9>
0-e-Cfin_oem_m_....a.1._.
.-I

any element i11 the structure.

Then, you have to assign the command
to the required members.
After you assign, the (?) mark should
be changed to

cv).

nd-s

A!sigi omei t Method

P~

r.

A$$ign To View
Use CursOf To Assign

r:

ign

To ~elected Beams

Auign To Ed~ List

Dose

Help

38

To add the post-print commands click

Define
Commands

If.I

STAAD TRUSS
START .JOB INFORMATION
./ INPUI Wl(TH 7~
4

eJ
v'

UNIT MMS KN

,/ JOINT COORDINATES
./ MEMBER INCIOErJCES
11 0 DEFINE MATERIAL START
4

P'

_J

Highlight AssignedGeometry

Toggle ASSICln

'I Oefne

Commands... 1

Assignment~

--

I A... g 1 To Seiec.ted Beams

I Assi~ To View
(.' Use CusOITo~
("" Ass9' To E<i

ust

load 1

Close

39

Help

fnru 1~ 11

For example here we have chosen to print the support

reactions, member forces, joint displacements.
~AAD.Prn - Tutnriill1.c;;td
Fie 51t

ieN

roos

lJ'~ I ii"~

sele:t

:: :>

:;-'

ca~

Analyze Mede Window

x !'.'.?. !: :;;::. !: ~

6?-+

lJBJ@@@@@

,.

Gec<oetry

-7

<P

6 ii ~ ~
~ ~

HeP

IJI~ [9. ~.

IJ ~ I e. ..Et@.

rn. i Qi
'ii

]J

Q Ill'~

Ll ~ g(i

.....

Q ~110EADLOAD

~- "'
~- ./
-- ./
'--./

PRI~ T >tATERllll PriCPER-IE'>

PAINT MCMBEA PAJFEATE~
PRINl MEMBER PRJFER res
PRINT SUPPORT REACTIOll
. -v' PRINT >IEMBER SECTIOU FORCTS
-./ PRINT JOINT DISPL~CENEllTS
--v' FllllSH

&

e
:

~
b

J
~

fit

-:

Highli!t>t Assigned Gecmetry

T ogile Assign
D eflne Corrmcrlds ..

Assignment Method

A ~gn o SFfpclPd t~Otif'

r" Assign To View

f.'

Ute Cu1scr Ta Ass;gn

C- Assign f o E dt List
~06

lead t
Cli:l<on ncdato"""'" C0111mand

Madelina HCICe

{;sgn

Load 1 ; r1>D LOAD

Cbse

H"'

40

 Support Reactions
Analy~1s/Pr1nt

Commends

II Story
Drit J Cg
I Surf~e
Forces J
Mode Shapes I E~
Suess Solid
I Joinl
Displacement
J
Member Forces
~
RestAs
I Men'ber
Section Forces
J

Section Displacement
Force J Max Force
Member Sbeues
Element Forces/Sbesses

I
SIC)l)Oll Reactions
Load~

Section
J

Analysis Results
Member Forces
-Max Force

.... etc.

Tt-;s commond has no addiloonol parameteu.

ADD which property

do

)'OU need

and then use

cursor to Assign to which

r

After
Current

Add

SIQn

Help

members in the truss.

41

6. Defining Design Requirements.

Steps:
1. To specify steel design parameters, go to Design I Steel Page from the left side
of the screen. Make sure that under the Current Code selections on the top right
hand side, Canadian is selected.

~====----.~
i]

; Steel Design - Whole Structure

Current Code: J Canadian

$~SUPPORTS
~
W CJ LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DEAD I
tiJ c:J LOAD 2 LOADTYPE live TITLE LIVE L01
W t:::) LOAD 3 LOADTYPE Wind TITLE WIND L_J
CJ LOAD COMB 4 COMBINATION LOAD CA!
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT STATICS c..:.]

iiJ

I ,/

.!.l

P"

~1

_J

HighfightAs$igned Geometry
Toggle Assign

Select
Define
Paiameters..
Parameters.
Assignment Met hod

Command$...

/>. 1gp To Sele ted Beams

(' Assign To View

lo Use Cu.sor To Assign

r
Load t

Assign To Edit List

Select Group/Oeck

42
gn

Close

Help

There are many Design Commands i11 the ST AAD Design subroutine.
Here, we will use only to Check Code, regarding adequacy of

members
Design [ommands

'

CHECKCODE
FIXED GROUP
GROUP
MEMBER TAKE OFF
SELECT
SELECT OPTIMIZED

II
II
II
II
II
II TAKE OFF

CHECK CODE
Check the adequacy of members based on
specifications of the desired code.

This command has no addWonal parameters.

Ctrrent
Agn

Add

HelpAfter
43

Close

44

45

STAAD performs Analysis and Design simultaneously.

In order to perform Analysis and Design, select the Run Analysis

option from the Analyze menu.

nayze
1

Mode

Window Help

Run Analysis. . .

Ctrl+F5

When you select the Run Analysis option from the Analyze menu,
the following dialog box appears: We are presented with the choice of
2 engines: the STAAD engine and the STARDYNE Advanced Analysis
engine. The STARDYNE Analysis engine is suitable for advanced
problems such as Buckling Analysis, Modal Extraction using
various methods, etc.
STAAD engine is suitable for this tutorial. Click on the Run Analysis button.
Select Analysis Engine

Analysis Option

I
CO' ST AAD Anolyi

Sta1clyne Advanced Anolyi$

I Run Anolyis I

Cancel

Appy

H"
46

The solving process is shown in a pop-up screen!

G:]I l'i r8:)

STAAO Analysis and Design

++Processing Element Stiffness Matrix.

++Processing Global Stiffness Matrix.
++ Finished Processing Global Stiffness
Matrix.
++Processing Triangular Factorization.
++Finished Triangular Factorization.
++Calculating Joint Displaceaents.
++Finished Joint Displaceaent Calculation.
++Calculating Member Forces.
++Analysis Successfully Coapleted ++
++Calculating Section Forces
++Performing Steel Design
++Start Steel Design ...
++ Finished Design ...
++ CreQting Displaceme.nt Fi le (DSP) ...
++Cresting Reaction File (REA) ...
++Calculating Section Forces
++Cresting Section Force File (BMD) ...
++Cresting Section Displace File (SCN)
.
++Cresting Design inforaation File (DGN)
.
++ Done.
0 Error(s),

<

17:42:35
"I
17:42:350 sec
17:42:35
0 sec
17:42:37
0 sec
17:42:37

17:42:37
0 sec
17:42:37

l7:42:39

0 WarnLng(s)

**End STAAD.Pro Run Elapsed Time

**Output Written to File:
Tutoriall. anl

5 Secs

I>

r vr

r.

Outp.it File
Go to Posl Processing Mode
St~ il Modelling Mode

Done

vi

Visualization of Some Results

..
r;J

'tutcrtatt - t.1ttole Structure

~@\~

Note:
Generally, in any
program, try to make
some checks about
the shapes of
deflections,
BMD, SFD. Also
check the level of
reactions.
Just to make sure
that there is no
significant
input
eITOL

I od I : Axlal Fou:e

Viewing the Output File

During the analysis process, STAAD creates an Output file.
This file provides important information on whether the
analysis was performed properly.
For example, if STAAD.Pro encounters an instability problem
during the analysis process, it will be reported in the output file.
Alternatively, we can select the File I View I Output File I STAAD Output
option from the top menu.

Commands Analyze

' >

Mode '

~STAAD Output49
1 Ji

The Output File

As shown for example, below are

Its narne is <filename.anl>.

the results of the steel design check

~

lulur..,11 .,_

SIAAUOutpul

'=""lfOJll

w.._,

~itllllJlt(l
.:J
.... t-FllOltlllf I.ISi
ICMlllJO-llU:SI
"W'1llJll: ''ROl'Ul rr llU
[~flf~ UfT

.-P
lOIPll

'll'.TICfl ~
OMA((
lftl

IT&.AD.PIU>

CODC

C'Ht:C'to

(cu/crs&

S16

01

~I

AU

VMl'tt

- kS

'tUUJ

ST

HllT

(UllUlU

UIU~T/
f'X

L4SZ45Xl

o, 00
L''ltl)Xl

P'J.I:L

0.00
J 9'I'

!.55X55XJ

ClUTICA.~ COllO/

RATIO/

Hr

H2

l.c>A.OUG/
lACATIOll

iCANADUH 9l!C'l'lONI
P'JJL

Z ST

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et.E'rmeP.rusea

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