……..

Pg  04

…….. Pg  06

…….. Pg  14

…….. Pg  18
JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

N OTA TI ON AN D TER MIN OLOGY

Fo r the sake of si mpli ci ty a nd conve ni ence i t i s impe ra ti ve to u se ce r tai n sym bol s to rep re sen t di ff ere nt

cl a sse s a nd thei r f req uenci es I t i s cus toma r y to u se capi tal l e tte rs A a n d B to rep rese n t the p re sence of

a ttri bu te s an d  and  to rep rese n t ab sen ce of a ttribu tes .

Th us ‘ ’ = no t A a nd ‘ ’ = n o t B .

Fo r e xampl e i f A r ep rese nts mal es then  w oul d rep rese n t femal es . Si mil arly i f B rep rese n ts li te ra te s then 

w oul d rep rese n t il li te ra te s .

Le ts l ook s a t the co mbi nati on

(AB ) : n umbe r o f li te ra te mal es

(A ) : n umbe r o f illi te ra te mal es

( B ) : n umbe r o f li te ra te femal es

( ) : n umbe r o f illi te ra te female s

CON T ING ENCY TA BLE FOR TWO A TT RIBUT ES

B  TOTA L

A (AB ) (A ) (A )

 ( B ) ( ) ( )

T OTA L (B ) ( ) N

( A) + (  ) = N ( AB ) + ( A ) = ( A) ( AB ) + (  B) = ( B)

( B) + ( ) = N (  B) + (  ) = () ( A ) + (  ) = ( )

1
JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

IND EP END ENT AT TR IBU TE S

Le t u s co nsi der tw o ab ove a ttri bute s . We ma y be i n tere s ted i n fi ndi ng ou t i f the se tw o a ttri bu te s are

r el ate d to e ach o ther o r in depende n t of ea ch o ther

w e ca n sa y tha t the tw o attri b u tes are i ndependen t i f

Prop ortion of male literates = proportion of female literates

( AB ) = (  B)
( A) ()

N OTE – 1

We kn ow th a t a = c = a + c
b d b + d B  T OT AL

The re fo re
( AB ) = (  B) = ( AB ) + (  B) = ( B) A ( AB ) ( A ) ( A)
( A) () ( A) + (  ) N
 (  B) (  ) ()
 ( AB ) = ( B)
( A) N T OT AL ( B) ( ) N

 ( AB ) = ( A) x ( B)
N

th en a ttri bu te s A an d B a re i ndepe nde n t

N OTE – 2
Le ts consi der ag ai n ; ( AB ) = ( B)
( A) ( )

( AB ) = (  B)
( AB ) + ( A ) (  B) + (  )

( AB ) (  B) + ( AB ) (  ) = ( AB) (  B) + ( A )(  B)

 ( AB ) (  ) = ( A )(  B)

th en a ttri bu te s A a n d B a re i ndepende n t

2
JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

PO SIT IV E AND N EGA T IV E ASSOC IAT ION BE TW EEN A TTR IBUT ES

Tw o a ttri bu tes are as so ci ate d to e ach o the r i f the tw o a ttri bu tes a re no t i ndepen den t . I n such a case w e

s ay the re i s an a ss o ci ati on o f tw o attri bu te s

 I f the a ctu al fre quen cy o f the cl as s AB i s mo re tha n the compu ted f requen cy then the tw o a ttri bu te s are

s ai d to be p osi ti vel y as so ci ate d

( AB )  ( A) x ( B) th en there i s p osi ti ve a s soci a ti on be tw een attri bu tes A an d B

 I f the a ctual f requen cy of the cl as s AB i s l ess th an th e compu te d f reque ncy th en the tw o attri bu te s are

s ai d to be nega ti vel y as soci a te d

( AB )  ( A) x ( B) th en there i s nega ti ve as so ci a ti on be tw een a ttri bute s A an d B

 ( AB ) = ( A) and ( A ) = 0 th en a ttri bu te s A an d B a re sai d to be co mpl etel y as so ci a ted

( AB ) = ( B) an d (  B) = 0

 ( AB ) = 0 O R (  ) = 0 th en a ttri bu te s A an d B a re sai d to be co mpl etel y dis so ci a ted

YU LE ’S CO EF FIC IEN T OF A SSOC ITA ION

The abo ve me thod s fail to gi ve us the am oun t o f as so ci a ti on exi s t i ng be tw een the tw o a ttri bu tes

Fr om the abo ve di scu ssi on i t comes to li gh t tha t w he n the at t ribute s are not asso ci ate d o r di ssoc iated i.e

w he n th ey a re i n de pe nd en t

( AB ) (  ) = ( A )(  B)

w hi ch al so i mpli es tha t w he n t he re i s a ssoc iat io n o r di ssoc iat i o n be twee n A and B

( AB ) (  ) ≠ ( A )(  B)

He nc e we co nc l ud e ;

‘ (A B ) ( )  (A )( B )’ m ea su re s t he am ount o f assoc i at io n

Y ul e’s coe ffi ci en t o f a ss oci ati on q uan ti fi es the as so ci ati on be tw een the tw o a ttri bu tes a nd i s gi ven by

Q = (AB ) ( ) – (A )(B)

(AB ) ( ) + (A )(B)

3
JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

EX AMI NE FOR ATTRI BUTES A AND B ARE I NDEPNDENT / POSI TI VELY ASSOCI ATED / NEGATI VELY
AS SOCI ATED 45

01. N = 100 , (A) = 60 , (B) = 50 , (AB ) = 30 1) (A) x (B ) = 225 x 325 = 146.25

SOLUTION N 500
100

1) (A) x (B ) = 60 x 50 = 30 2) (AB ) = 155 …… gi ven

N 100
3) (AB )  (A) x (B )
N
2) (AB ) = 30 …… gi ven

4) there is posi tive association between

3) (AB ) = (A) x (B ) attri butes A and B
N

4) attri butes A and B are independent 05. (AB ) = 128 ;(B) = 384 ;(A )=24 ;( ) = 72
SOLUTION

1) (AB ) ( ) = 128 x 72 = 9216

02. N = 200 , (A) = 80 , (B) = 50 , (AB ) = 25
SOLUTION
2) (A )(B) = 24 x 384 = 9216

1) (A) x (B ) = 80 x 50 = 20
N 200 3) (AB ) ( ) = (A )(B)

2) (AB ) = 25 …… gi ven 4) attri butes A and B are independent

3) (AB )  (A) x (B ) 06. (AB ) = 30 ;(B) = 120 ;(A )=90 ;( ) =360
N SOLUTION

4) there is posi ti ve association between

1) (AB ) ( ) = 30 x 360 = 10800
attri butes A and B

2) (A )(B) = 90 x 120 = 10800

03. N = 500 ; (A) = 325 ; (B) = 310 ; (AB )= 160

3) (AB ) ( ) = (A )(B)
SOLUTION

65
1) (A) x (B ) = 325 x 310 = 201.5 4) attri butes A and B are independent
N 500
10
07. (AB ) = 256 ; (B) = 768 ; (A ) = 48 ;
2) (AB ) = 160 …… gi ven
( ) =144
SOLUTION
3) (AB )  (A) x (B )
N 1) (AB ) ( ) = 256 x 144 = 36864

4) there is negati ve associ ation

2) (A )(B) = 768 x 48 = 36864
between attri butes A a nd B

3) (AB ) ( ) = (A )(B)

03. N = 500 ; (A) = 225 ; (B) = 325 ; (AB )= 1 55
SOLUTION 4) attri butes A and B are independent

4
JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

08.

Gi ven A & B are independent attri butes , N = 24 , (A) = 16 , (B) = 6 , find the ulti mate class

frequencies

1) si nce A and B are i ndependent

(AB ) = (A) x (B ) = 16 x 6 = 4
N 24

2)
B  TOT AL

A (AB)
(AB )== 004 (A
(A ) =) = 012 (A) 016
(A) = =

 (B) ==
(B) 002 ()) ==
( 006 ()
()== 008

TOT AL
(B) ==
(B) 006 ((
) ) == 018 N N
== 024

09.

Gi ven A & B are independent attributes , N = 200 , (A) = 100 , (B) = 140 , find the ulti mate class

frequencies

1) si nce A and B are i ndepen dent

(AB ) = (A) x (B ) = 100 x 140 = 70

N 200

2)
B  TOT AL

A (AB)
(AB )== 070 (A
(A ) =) = 030 (A) 100
(A) = =

 (B) ==
(B) 070 ()) ==
( 030 ()
()== 100

TOT AL
(B) ==
(B) 140 ((
) ) == 060 N N
== 200

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

01. 252 candidates , 140 were boys , 72 candidates were successful 02. in a institute out of 200 students 150 were boys . I n an

, among them 40 were boys . Obtain coeffici ent of associati on examinati on 120 boys and 40 girls passed . Fi nd Yule’s

and comment on result coefficient of association between sex and success and

comment on the result

Solution : A  candidate i s a boy

Solution : A  student is a boy

B  candidate i s successful

successful B  T OT AL B  student passed the exami nati on

passed B  T OT AL
boy A (AB ) = 040 (A ) = 100 (A) = 140
boy A (AB ) = 120 (A ) = 030 (A) = 150
girl  (B) = 032 ( ) = 080 () = 112

girl  (B) = 040 ( ) = 010 () = 050

T OT AL (B) = 072 ( ) = 180 N = 252
T OT AL (B) = 160 ( ) = 040 N = 200
R O U G H WO R K
(AB ) ( )  (A )(B)
Q =
R O U G H WO R K
(AB ) ( )  (A )(B)
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B ) Q =

(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )

= (40)(80)  (100)(32)

= (120)(10)  (40)(30)
(40)(80) + (100)(32)

3200  3200 (120)(10) + (40)(30)

=
1200  1200
3200 + 3200 =
1200 + 1200
= 0
= 0

Comment : attri butes sex and success are I NDEPENDENT Comment : attri butes sex and success are I NDEPENDENT

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 JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

03. Out of 200 students that appeared for M.B. A exami nation , 80 04. 400 students , 160 were married . Among 120 students who

were married . Among 60 students who fai led , 24 were married failed , 48 were married . Find coefficient of associati on
. Find the coefficient of associ ation between marriage and between attri butes marri age and failure

failure in the exami nation . Comment on your result

Solution : A  student is married Solution : A  student is married

B  student failed the examinati on B  student failed the examinati on

failed B  T OT AL failed B  T OT AL

ma r ri ed A ma r ri ed A
(AB ) = 024 (A ) = 056 (A) = 080 (AB ) = 048 (A ) = 112 (A) = 160

 (B) = 036 ( ) = 084 () = 120  (B) = 072 ( ) = 168 () = 240

T OT AL (B) = 060 ( ) = 140 N = 200 T OT AL (B) = 120 ( ) = 280 N = 400

ROUGH WORK R O U G H WO R K
Q = (AB ) ( )  (A )(B) Q = (AB ) ( )  (A )(B)

(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B ) (AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )

= (24)(84)  (56)(36) = (48)(168)  (112)(72)

(24)(84) + (56)(36) (48)(168) + (112)(72)

= 2016  2016 = 8064  8064

2016 + 2016 8064 + 8064

= 0 = 0

Comment : attri butes marriage and failure are I NDEPENDENT

Comment : attri butes marriage and failure are I NDEPENDENT

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

05. A & B represent attri butes ‘ going for morning walk & being 06. Calculate Yule’s coefficent of associ ation between the wei ght

physically fit ’ . Compute Yule’s coefficient of children and their respecti ve economic condi tion

N = 200 ; (A) = 120 ; (B) = 100 ; (AB ) = 80 Poor children Rich children

Below normal wei ght 75 23

Solution : A  going for morning walk
Ab ove normal wei ght 5 42
B  physically fit
Solution : A  child i s below normal wei ght
B  T OT AL

B  child i s poor
A (AB ) = 080 (A ) = 040 (A) = 120
B  T OT AL

 (B) = 020 ( ) = 060 () = 080

A (AB ) = 075 (A ) = 023 (A) = 098

T OT AL (B) = 100 ( ) = 100 N = 200

(B) = 005 ( ) = 042 () = 047


ROUGH WORK
(AB ) ( )  (A )(B) T OT AL (B) = 080 ( ) = 065 N = 145
Q =
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )
R O U G H WO R K
(AB ) ( )  (A )(B)
(80)(60)  (40)(20) Q =
=
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )
(80)(60) + (40)(20)

= (75)(42)  (23)(5)
= 4800  800

4800 + 800 (75)(42) + (23)(5)

L OG CAL C . L OG CAL C .
3. 6021 3150  115 3. 4821
4000 =
=  3. 7482  3. 5139
3150 + 115
5600 AL 1. 8539 AL 1. 9682
= 0.71 0. 7144 3035 0. 7144
= = 0.9294

3265

Comment : there is a good posi tive associati on between attri butes

Comment : hi gh positi ve association between attributes ‘ wei ght
Morning walk & Physical fi tness
of children & their respecti ve economic conditi on ’

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

07. Not attacked At tacked

08. 400 sapli ngs were planted , 210 got flowered . Ferti lizers were
I noculated 431 5
applied to 100 of which 85 got flowered . Di scuss whether
Not i noculated 291 9
applicati on of fertilizers i s useful in flowering of plants
Exami ne the effect of inoculation in controlling hepatiti s

Solution : A  sapling got flowered

Solution : A  inoculated
B  fertili zer applied to sapling
B  not attacked by Hepatiti s
f er ti li zer B  T OT AL
B  T OT AL

fl ow ered A (AB ) = 085 (A ) = 125 (A) = 210

A (AB ) = 431 (A ) = 005 (A) = 436

 (B) = 015 ( ) = 175 () = 190

 (B) = 291 ( ) = 009 () = 300

T OT AL (B) = 100 ( ) = 300 N = 400

T OT AL (B) = 722 ( ) = 014 N = 736

(AB ) ( )  (A )(B) R O U G H WO R K ROUGH WORK

(AB ) ( )  (A )(B)
Q = Q =
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )

(431)(9)  (5)(291) (85)(175)  (125)(15)

= =
(431)(9) + (5)(291) (85)(175) + (125)(15) L OG CAL C .
L OG CAL C .
3. 1139
3879  1455 3. 3845
14875  1875  3. 2240
=  3. 7270 =
3879 + 1455 14875 + 1875 AL 1. 8899
AL 1. 6575
0. 7761
2424 0. 4544
= = 0.4544 = 13000 = 0.7761
5334
16750

Comment : there is a good posi ti ve associ ation between

Comment : there is si gnificant posi ti ve associati on between
applicati on of ferti lizers and f lowering of plants . Hence we can say
inoculation and not attacked by Hepati tis . Hence we can say
applicati on of fertilizers i s useful in flowering of plants
inoculation was effective in controlli ng hepatiti s

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 JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

09. 250 candi dates appear for exam . 75 succeeded . 44 have 10. Find Yule’s coefficient of associ ation between li teracy and

recei ved speci al coaching and out of them 25 were unemployment from the following observati on .

successful . Using Yule’s coefficient of assoc i ation , di scuss “ total adult males 200 , li terate males 40 , employed males 188

whether special coaching i s effecti ve or not , li terate employed males 36”

Solution : A  candidate succeeded Solution : A  male i s li terate

B  candidate recei ved spl. coaching B  male i s unemployed

coa chi ng B  T OT AL u nempl oyed B  empl oyed T OT AL

s u ccee ded A (AB ) = 025 (A ) = 050 (A) = 075 li te ra te A (AB ) = 004 (A ) = 036 (A) = 040

(B) = 019 ( ) = 156 () = 175  (B) = 008 ( ) = 152 () = 160


T OT AL (B) = 044 ( ) = 206 N = 250 T OT AL (B) = 012 ( ) = 188 N = 200

R O U G H WO R K R O U G H WO R K

(AB ) ( )  (A )(B) (AB ) ( )  (A )(B)

Q = Q =

(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B ) (AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )

(25)(156)  (50)(19) (4)(152)  (36)(8)

= =
(25)(156) + (50)(19) L OG CAL C . (4)(152) + (36)(8) L OG CAL C .

3. 4698 2. 5051
= 3900  950 = 608  288  2. 9523
 3. 6857
3900 + 950 AL 1. 7841 608 + 288 AL 1. 5528
0. 6082 0. 6082
2950 320
= = 0.6082 = = 0.3572
4850 896

Comment : there i s good positi ve associati on between success and Comment : there is si gnificant amount of posi ti ve associati on

speci al coachi ng . Hence speci al coachi ng i s effecti ve between literacy and unemployment

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

11. Find Yule’s coefficient of associ ation between li teracy and

employment using the foll owing information

Total number of adults = 1000

Total number of li terates = 129

Total number of unemployed = 139

Total number of li terate unemployed = 82

I nterpret the result R O U G H WO R K

(AB ) ( )  (A )(B)
Q =
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )

(47)(57)  (82)(814)
=
Solution : A  adult i s li terate L OG CAL C .
(47)(57) + (82)(814)
B  adult i s employed 4. 8067
= 2679  66748  4. 8416
2679 + 66748 AL 1. 9651
empl oyed u nempl oyed
B  T OT AL 0. 9228

li te ra te A (AB ) = 047 (A ) = 082 (A) = 129  64069

=
69427
 (B) = 814 ( ) = 057 () = 871

=  0.9228
T OT AL (B) = 861 ( ) = 139 N = 1000

Comment : there is hi gh degree of negati ve associ atio n between

li teracy and employment

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

11. Find Yule’s coefficient of associati on between intelli gence of

father and daughter

intelli gent father wi th i ntelli gent daughters = 125

intelli gent father wi th non intelligent daughters = 40

non intel li gent father with intelli gent daughters = 45

non intelli gent father with non intelli gent daughters = 290
R O U G H WO R K
(AB ) ( )  (A )(B)
Q =
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )

(125)(290)  (40)(45)
=
Solution : A  intelli gent father (125)(290) + (40)(45) L OG CAL C .
(82)(814) 3. 5372
B  intelli gent daughter 36250  1800
=  3. 5804
36250 + 1800 AL 1. 9568
B  T OT AL 0. 9053

 34450
A (AB ) = 125 (A ) = 040 (A) = 165 =
38050

 (B) = 045 ( ) = 290 () = 335

= 0.9053

T OT AL (B) = 170 ( ) = 330 N = 500

Comment : there i s high degree of posi ti ve associ ation between

intelli gence of father and daughters

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

12. 400 candidates of both sex appeared for an exami nation . The

boys outnumbered girls by 15% of the total . The number bof

candidates who passed the examinati on exceeded the number pa sse d B  T OT AL

of candi dates who failed by 240. Equal number of boys and girls Bo y A (AB ) = 190 (A ) = 040 (A) = 230

failed in the examination . Prepare a 2 x 2 table and find the

 (B) = 130 ( ) = 040 () = 170
coefficient of association . Comment on the result

T OT AL (B) = 320 ( ) = 080 N = 400

Solution : A  candidate i s a boy

B  candidate passed the examinati on R O U G H WO R K

(AB ) ( )  (A )(B)
Q =
(AB ) ( ) + (A ) (B )
The boys outnumbered girls by 15% of the total
(190)(40)  (40)(130)
(A) + () = 400 =

(A)  () = 60 (190)(40) + (40)(130)

(82)(814)
2(A) = 460  (A) = 230 7600  5200
=
7600 + 5200
candidates who passed the examinati on exceeded the number

of candi dates who failed by 240  2400

=
(B) + ( ) = 400
12800
(B)  ( ) = 240

2(B) = 640  (A) = 320 = 0.1875

Comment : there i s low degree of posi ti ve associati on between

being a boy and passing the examination

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

02. in a group of 200 persons , 142 read Marathi newspaper , 108

read Engli sh newspaper and 85 read both the papers . Find the

number of persons reading

i ) only Marathi newspaper ii ) newspaper in only one

01. O u t of 1 10 s tuden ts i n te rvi ew ed fo r the i r li ki ng i n m usi c 4 8 s tuden ts language iii) no newspaper

li ked I ndi an musi c , 73 li ked We s te rn mu si c an d 20 liked bo th . Fi nd the ans : 57 ; 80 ; 35

n umbe r o f s tuden ts w ho di d no t li ke musi c a ns : 9 Solution : A  person rea ds Marathi newspaper

Sol u ti on : A  s tude n t li kes I ndi an M usi c B  person rea ds English newspaper

B  s tude n t li kes w es ter n mu sic

E ngli sh B  TOT AL
w es te rn B  T OT AL
M ara thi A (AB )= =
( AB) 085 ((A
A ) )== 057 ( A)(A)
= = 142

I ndi an A ((AB
A B) )== 020 ((A
A ) ) == 028 (A)
( A) == 048
 ((B)
 B) == 023 ((
 ) )== 035 ( )()
= = 058

 ((B)
 B) == 053 ((
 )) == 009 ()= =
( ) 062
( (B)
B) == 108 ((
) )== 092 N N
= = 200
TOT AL
((B)
B) == 073 ((
) ) == 037 N N= = 110
TOT AL

Hence number of persons reading

n umbe r o f s tuden ts w ho di d no t li ke musi c = (  )
1) Only Marathi newspaper = (A ) = 57

= 9 2) Newspaper in only one language

= (A ) + (B)

= 57 + 23 = 80

3) No newspaper = ( ) = 35

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

03. 500 students appeared for an examinati on of whom 275 were

boys . Out of 350 successful students , 150 were boys . Find

04. Of 598 men in a locali ty exposed to a particular di sease , 147 in
number of
all were attacked . Of 5 98 men 137 were inoculated and of
i ) successful girls ii ) unsuccessful girls iii)unsuccessful boys
those only 14 were attacked . Fi nd the number of persons not
ans : 200 ; 25 ; 125
inoculated but not attacked (NM – MI THI B AI – 2012 & 2014)

Solution : A  student is a boy

ans : 328
B  student successfully passed
Solution : A  person is attacked by a di sease

B  person is inoculated
s u cce ss ful B  TOT AL

Bo y A ((AB
A B) )== 150 ((A
A ) )== 125 ( A) = =
(A) 275 i nocul ated B  TOT AL

Gi rl   B) ==
((B) 200  ) ) ==
(( 025 ( ) = =
() 225 At ta cked A ((AB
AB) )== 014 ((A
A ) )== 133 (A)
( A) = = 147

((B)
B) == 350 ((
) ) == 150 N N
== 500  ((B)
 B) == 123 ((
 )) == 328 ()
( ) == 451
TOT AL

((B)
B) == 137 ((
) ) == 461 N N= = 598
TOT AL

1) successful girls = (B) = 200

number of persons not inoculated but not attacked
2) unsuccessful girls = ( ) = 25
= ( )

3) unsuccessful boys = (A ) = 125 = 328

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

05. In a gr oup o f 10 0 emplo yees i n a fi rm , the re w e re 8 0 m al es . The 07. I n a re po r t o f co nsu mer’s p refe ren ce i t w as gi ven tha t ou t o f 50 0

n umbe r of ma r ri ed empl oyee s w as 60 am on g w hom 3 0 w ere mal es . pe rs on s s ur veye d , 4 10 pref er red va ri ety A , 3 8 0 p refe rre d va ri ety B an d

E xami ne w he the r the i nfo rma ti on i s co r re ct 2 7 0 per so ns s how ed li kin g fo r bo th . I s the re any con si ste n cy i n the

d a ta (NM / MI THI BAI – OCT 20 1 2 )

Sol u ti on : A  empl oyee i s a m al e
Sol u ti on : A  con sume r p re fer red va ri ety A
B  empl oyee i s ma r ri ed
B  con sume r p re fer red va ri ety B
m ar ri ed B  T OT AL
B  T OT AL

M al e A (AB
(A B) )= = 030 ((A
A ) )== 050 ( A)(A)
= = 080 ( AB)
A (AB )= = 270 ((A
A ) )== 140 ( A)(A)
= = 410

 ((B)
 B) == 030 ( (
 ) )== 10 ( )()
= = 020  ((
 ) )== ( )()
= =
 B) ==
((B) 110 20 090

( (B)
B) == 060 ((
) )== 040 N N
= = 100 ( (B)
B) == ((
) )== N N
= =
TOT AL TOT AL 380 120 500

Com men t : Si n ce (  )  0 , i nf orm a ti on i s i n co rre ct Com men t : Si n ce (  )  0 , i nfo rm a ti on i s i ncor re ct

06. The da ta bel ow , gi ves the i nfo rm a ti on of j obbi es o f a g ro up of 1 00

08. 3 0 0 s tude n ts appea red for o ral and w ri tten te s t . 18 0 p as sed b o th the
gi rl s i n a s ch ool . 2 0 gi rls li ked si ngi ng , 3 5 enjo yed pai n ti ng an d 12
te s t . 9 0 s tuden ts fail ed i n bo th the te s t . 6 0 pa ssed i n oral bu t fail ed i n
gi rl s fav ore d bo th the ho bbi es . Ar e the da ta con si s ten t
w ri tte n . Sh ow th a t the i nfo rma ti on ob tai ned m us t be i ncor re ct

Sol u ti on : A  gi rl li kes si ngi ng

Sol u ti on : A  s tude n t pa s sed i n or al te s t

B  gi rl li kes p ai nti ng
B  s tude n t pa s sed i n w ri tten te s t

pai n ti ng B  T OT AL Wri tten B  T OT AL

Si n gi ng ((AB
A B) )== 012 ((A
A ) )== 008 (A)
( A) = = 020 o ral A ((AB
AB) )== 180 ((A
A ) )== 060 ( A) = =
(A) 240
A

  B) ==
((B) 30  ) )==
(( 090 ( ) = =
() 060
 ((B)
 B) == 023 ((
 ) ) == 057 ()
( ) = = 080

((
) ) == ((B)
B) == 150 ((
) )== 150 N N
== 300
((B)
B) == 035 065 N N
== 100 TOT AL
TOT AL

Com men t : Si n ce (  )  0 , i nf orm a ti on i s i n co rre ct

Com men t : Si nce al l freque nci es a re po si ti ve , da ta i s co ns i s tent

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

09. the data below relate to sample survey of 200 persons in a

vi llage

Number of li terate employed persons = 94

Number of li ter ate unemployed persons = 84

Number of employed persons = 128

Show that the data are inconsi stent

Solution : A  person is li terate

B  person is employed

empl oyed B  TOT AL

li te ra te A (AB
(A B) )= = 094 ((A
A ) )== 084 ( A)(A)
= = 178

 ((B)
 B) == 034 ( (
 ) )== 12 ( )()
= = 022

( (B)
B) == 128 ((
) )== 072 N N
= = 200
TOT AL

Comment : Si n ce (  )  0 , i nf or ma ti on i s i nco rre ct

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

CON TIN GEN CY TAB LE FOR T HRE E A TT RIB UT ES

AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL

B ( ABC ) ( AB ) ( AB )

A  ( A C) ( A  ) ( A )

T OT AL ( AC ) ( A ) ( A)

B (  BC) (  B ) (  B)

  (  C) (   ) (  )

T OT AL (  C) (  ) ()

B ( BC) ( B ) ( B)

 ( C) (  ) ( )

T OT AL (C) ( ) (N )

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

01. (AB C) = 15 ; (AB ) = 25 , (A C) = 22 ; (BC) = 31 ;(A ) = 8 ; (B) 02. (AB C) = 25 ; (AB ) = 15 , (A C) = 18 ; (BC) = 23 ;(A ) = 13 ;
= 12 ; ( C) = 15 ; ( ) = 9 (B) = 28 ; ( C) = 21 ; ( ) = 30

AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL
AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL

B ( ABC ) = 15 ( AB  ) = 25 ( AB ) = 40
B ( ABC ) = 25 ( AB ) = 15 ( AB ) = 40

A  ( A C) = 22 ( A  ) = 08 ( A ) = 30
A  ( A C) = 18 ( A  ) = 13 ( A ) = 31

T OT AL ( AC ) = 37 ( A ) = 33 ( A) = 70
T OT AL ( AC ) = 43 ( A ) = 28 ( A) = 71

B (  BC) = 31 (  B ) = 12 ( B) = 43
B (  BC) = 23 (  B ) = 28 ( B) = 51

  (  C) = 15 (   ) = 09 (  ) = 24
  (  C) = 21 (   ) = 30 (  ) = 51

T OT AL (  C) = 46 (  ) = 21 () = 67
T OT AL (  C) = 44 (  ) = 58 () = 102

B ( BC) = 46 ( B ) = 37 ( B) = 83
B ( BC) = 48 ( B ) = 43 ( B) = 91

 ( C) = 37 (  ) = 17 ( ) = 54
 ( C) = 39 (  ) = 43 ( ) = 82

T OT AL (C) = 83 ( ) = 54 (N ) = 137
T OT AL (C) = 87 ( ) = 86 (N ) = 173

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

03. (AB C) = 50 ; (AB ) = 72 , (A C) = 33 ; (BC) = 22 ;(A ) = 21 ; 04. N = 800 ; (A) = 224 ; (B)= 301 ; (C) = 150 ; (AB ) = 125 ; (AC ) = 72 ;
(B) = 30 ; ( C) = 10 ; ( ) = 16 (BC)= 60 ; (ABC ) = 32

AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL

B ( ABC ) = 50 ( AB  ) = 72 ( AB ) = 122 B ( ABC ) = 32 ( AB ) = 93 ( AB ) = 125

A  ( A C) = 33 ( A  ) = 21 ( A ) = 54 A  ( A C) = 40 ( A  ) = 59 ( A ) = 99

T OT AL ( AC ) = 83 ( A ) = 93 ( A) = 176 T OT AL ( AC ) = 72 ( A ) = 152 ( A) = 224

B (  BC) = 22 (  B ) = 30 ( B) = 52 B (  BC) = 28 (  B ) = 148 ( B) = 176

  (  C) = 10 (   ) = 16 (  ) = 26   (  C) = 50 (   ) = 350 (  ) = 400

T OT AL (  C) = 32 (  ) = 46 () = 78 T OT AL (  C) = 78 (  ) = 498 () = 576

B ( BC) = 72 ( B ) = 102 ( B) = 174 B ( BC) = 60 ( B ) = 241 ( B) = 301

 ( C) = 43 (  ) = 37 ( ) = 80  ( C) = 90 (  ) = 409 ( ) = 499

T OT AL (C) = 115 ( ) = 139 (N ) = 254 T OT AL (C) = 150 ( ) = 650 (N ) = 800

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

05.

A  pl aye r pl ays cri cke t AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL

B  pl aye r pl ays h o ckey

B ( ABC ) = 9 ( AB ) = 15 ( AB ) = 24
A  pl aye r pl ays foo tball

A  ( A C) = 21 ( A  ) = 60 ( A ) = 81

T OT AL ( AC ) = 30 ( A ) = 75 ( A) = 105
2 4 0 pl ayer s N = 240

B (  BC) = 12 (  B ) = 90 ( B) = 102

1 0 5 pl ay cri cke t ( A) = 105

  (  C) = 33 (   ) = 0 (  ) = 33
1 2 6 pl ay h ocke y ( B) = 126

T OT AL (  C) = 45 (  ) = 90 () = 135
7 5 pl ay fo o t ball ( C) = 75

B ( BC) = 21 ( B ) = 105 ( B) = 126

2 4 pl ay bo th cri cke t and h ockey ( AB ) = 24

 ( C) = 54 (  ) = 60 ( ) = 114
3 0 pl ay bo th cri cke t and fo o tball ( AC ) = 30

T OT AL (C) = 75 ( ) = 165 (N ) = 240

2 1 pl ay ho ckey and fo o tball ( BC) = 21
a) pl aye rs pl ayi ng o nl y tw o game s

9 pl ay all three game s ( ABC ) = 9

= ( AB ) + ( A C) + (  BC)

= 15 + 21 + 12 = 48
Fi n d the pl ayer s pl ayi ng

b) pl aye rs pl ayi ng a t l eas t tw o game s

a) o nl y tw o games

= ( AB ) + ( A C) + (  BC) + ( ABC )

b) a t l eas t tw o game s
= 15 + 21 + 12 + 9 = 57

c) o nl y one game
c) pl aye rs pl ayi ng o nl y one g ame

= ( A  ) + (  B ) + (  C)

= 60 + 90 + 33 = 183

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

A  s tude n t fail ed i n M ara thi

AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL
B  s tude n t fail ed i n E ngli sh

C  s tude n t fail ed i n Hi ndi B ( ABC ) = 30 ( AB ) = 95 ( AB ) = 125

06. 8 0 0 s tude n ts N = 800 A  ( A C) = 40 ( A  ) = 55 ( A ) = 95

2 2 0 fail ed i n M ara thi ( A) = 220 T OT AL ( AC ) = 70 ( A ) = 150 ( A) = 220

3 0 0 fail ed i n En gli sh ( B) = 300 B (  BC) = 30 (  B ) = 145 ( B) = 175

1 5 0 fail ed i n Hi ndi ( C)= 150   (  C) = 50 (   ) = 355 (  ) = 405

1 2 5 fail ed i n bo th M ara thi a nd E ngli sh ( AB ) = 125 T OT AL (  C) = 80 (  ) = 500 () = 580

7 0 fail ed i n bo th M ara thi a nd Hi ndi ( AC ) = 70 B ( BC) = 60 ( B ) = 240 ( B) = 300

6 0 fail ed i n bo th En gli sh an d Hi ndi ( BC) = 60  ( C) = 90 (  ) = 410 ( ) = 500

3 0 fail ed i n all th ree e xams ( ABC ) = 30 T OT AL (C) = 150 ( ) = 650 (N ) = 800

a) s tude n ts faili ng i n tw o l ang uage s

Fi n d nu mber of s tuden ts w h o f ail ed i n
= ( AB ) + ( A C) + (  BC)
a) tw o l angua ges
= 95 + 40 + 30 = 165

b) o nl y one l angua ge
b) s tude n ts f aili ng i n onl y one l angu age

= ( A  ) + (  B ) + (  C)
c) a tl eas t one l ang uage
= 55 + 14 5 + 50 = 250

c) s tude n ts faili ng i n a t l eas t o ne l angua ge

= N  (   ) = 800  355 = 445

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

07. – : 1 70 w omen i n te rvi ew ed

– : 9 5 f ro m Pune and re s t fr om ou tski r ts

– : amon g s t the ma rri ed w o men fr om Pu ne ; AT T RI BUT E C  T OT AL

2 5 w ere e xpe ri enced and 1 0 w ere i nexpe ri ence d B ( ABC ) = 25 ( AB ) = 10 ( AB ) = 35

– : f rom ou tski r ts of Pune ; A  ( A C) = 15 ( A  ) = 45 ( A ) = 60

th e co rre spo ndi ng nu mber s w ere 8 & 6 0 T OT AL ( AC ) = 40 ( A ) = 55 ( A) = 95

– :5 w omen w ere un ma rri ed ,i ne xperi en ced , s ta yi ng i n ou tski r ts B (  BC) = 8 (  B ) = 60 ( B) = 68

– : i nexpe ri ence d w omen w ere 12 0   (  C) = 2 (   ) = 5 (  ) = 7

He nce fi nd T OT AL (  C) = 10 (  ) = 65 () = 75

Num ber of w omen f rom Pu ne w ho w ere unma r ri ed & e xpe ri enced

B ( BC) = 33 ( B ) = 70 ( B) = 103

SO LUTI ON  ( C) = 17 (  ) = 50 ( ) = 67

A  w oman i s fr om Pu ne , B  w oman i s ma r ri ed
T OT AL (C) = 50 ( ) = 120 (N ) = 170
C  w oman i s e xperi en ced

N = 170

Num ber of w omen f rom Pu ne w ho w ere unma r ri ed a nd

( A) = 9 5 , ( ABC ) = 2 5 , ( AB ) = 10 , (  BC) = 8 , (  B ) = 6 0 ,

(   ) = 5 , ( ) = 120 e xpe ri enced = ( A C) = 15

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JKSC – FYJC 2018 – 19 – PAPER – II THEORY OF ATTRIBUTES

T HE BE LOW Q’ S CAN BE SOLV ED WI T HOUT T A BLE U SIN G RELATI ON S 10. N = 100 ; (A) = 65 ; (B )= 55 ; (C) = 45 ; (AB ) = 25 ; (AC ) = 20 ;

08. (AB C) = 50 ; (AB ) = 75 , (A C) = 40 ; (BC) = 30 ;(A ) = 20 ; (BC)= 10 ; (ABC ) = 8

(B) = 30 ; ( C) = 15 ; ( ) = 10 FI ND : (AB ) , (A ) , (B) , ( C)

Find ( B) , (AC ) , ( ) SOLUTI ON

 (AB C) + (AB ) = (AB )

SO LUTI ON
8 + (AB ) = 25  (AB ) = 17
 (AB C) + (A C) = (AC )  (AC ) = 90

 (AC ) + (A ) = (A)

 (AB C) + (AB ) = (AB )  (AB ) = 125
20 + (A ) = 65  (A ) = 45
 (BC) + (B) = (B)  (B) = 60

 (AB ) + (B) = (B)

 ( C) + ( ) = ( )  ( ) = 25
25 + (B) = 55  (B) = 30
 (AB ) + (B) = (B)  (B) = 185

 (BC) + ( C) = (C)

10 + ( C) = 45  ( C) = 35
09. (AB C) = 50 ; (AB ) = 72 , (A C) = 33 ; (BC) = 22 ;(A ) = 21 ;

(B) = 30 ; ( C) = 10 ; ( ) = 16

Find (A) , (AB ) , (A ) , (AC ) & (BC)

SO LUTI ON

 (AB C) + (AB ) = (AB )  (AB ) = 122

 (A C) + (A ) = (A )  (A ) = 54

 (AB C) + (A C) = (AC )  (AC ) = 83

 (AB C) + (BC) = (BC)  (BC) = 72

 (AB ) + (A ) = (A)  (A) = 176

- 24 -