QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY

DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

Module 1 FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIETY

Competencies 1. Identify and understand the basic concepts of sociology and
anthropology that would contribute towards an awareness and
clearer understanding of social conditions that are perceive as
social problems
2. State the numerous sociological perspective concerning critical
problems that affect contemporary society
Discussion FOUNDATION OF SOCIETY

1. SOCIALIZATION
 A process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society
 The process through which we are taught the norms, values, and
customs of our society or social group
 A process whereby an individual learns to adjust to a group (or
society) and behave in a manner approved by the group (or society)
 The learning process wherein we develop our personality through
adapting another person`s culture

 SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND INTERACTION

MACROSOCIOLOGY
 Focuses on broad features of society
 Conflict theory, functionalist viewpoints part of the macro
sociological perspective
 The goal is to examine the large scale influences of society

MICROSOCIOLOGY
 Examines social interaction
 Focus on face to face interaction
 This approach is favored by symbolic interactionists

SOCIAL STRUCTURE
• Social structure - framework society has laid out before you were
born, surrounds us
• Consists of relationships- people and groups to each other
• Gives directions to and sets limits on our behavior
• The differences of attitude and behavior are not biological – but
related to our location on the social structure
• Social structure-underlying pattern of relationships in a group
• Change in response to technology and evolving values
• Social structure is affected by economy, racial and ethnic
relationships, social needs, and priorities.

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

1
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

2. CULTURE
• Refers to the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that,
together, form a people's way of life.
• Determines how we view the world around
• Includes the traditions we inherit and pass on to the next
generation
• Totality of our shared language, knowledge, material objects, and
behavior
• Society is the structure of relationships within which culture is
created and shared through regularized patterns of social
interaction
• Society provides the context within which our relationships with the
external world develop
• How we structure society constrains the kind of culture we
construct
• Cultural preferences vary across societies

 COMPONENTS OF CULTURE

• SYMBOLS- are defined as anything that carries a particular

meaning recognized by people who share culture. The meaning of
the same symbols varies from society to society, within a single
society, and over time.

• LANGUAGE- is a system of symbols that allows people to

communicate with one another. It can be either written or spoken
or both
• Language is the key to cultural transmission, the process by which
one generation passes culture to the next.

• VALUES AND BELIEFS

Values are culturally defined standards by which people judge

desirability, goodness and beauty, and which serve as broad
guidelines for social living. Values are broad principles that underlie
beliefs, specific statements that people hold to be true.

Belief is an acceptance that a statement is true or that something

exists trust, faith, or confidence in someone or something a state or
habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person
or thing

• NORMS- a standard or pattern, especially of social behavior, that is

typical or expected of a group something that is usual, typical, or
standard. Informal guideline about what is considered normal (what

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

2
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

is correct or incorrect) social behavior in a particular group or social

unit

• MATERIAL CULTURE, INCLUDING TECHNOLOGY- refers to the

physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define
their culture. The aspect of social reality grounded in the objects
and architecture that surround people consists of the tools, art,
buildings, written records, and any other objects produced or used
by humans

 CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

1. Culture is a social phenomenon.

2. Culture is learned as well as acquired from the ancestors.
3. Culture is transferrable or transmissive.
4. Culture is material or concrete (objects like building, machinery,
tools, implements, ornaments, etc.) and non-material or abstract
(things such as ideas, customs, beliefs, values, superstitions, etc.).
5. Culture is both super-individual and super-organic.
6. Culture is symbolic.
7. Culture is both dynamic and adaptive.
8. Culture is composed of both ethos (formal appearance of culture)
and eidos (cognitive process of culture).
9. Culture is basically the solution to man’s basic needs such as food,
shelter, reproduction and hygiene.

3. GROUPS AND ORGANIZATION

GROUP- made up of people with shared experiences and interest.

 TYPES OF GROUPS

1. PRIMARY GROUP – a small social group whose members share

personal and enduring relationship.
2. SECONDARY GROUP- large and impersonal social group whose
members pursue a specific goal or activity

• ORGANIZATION- a collection of individuals who have regular

contact and frequent interaction, mutual influence, common feeling
of camaraderie and who work together to achieve a common set of
goals

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

3
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

4. DEVIANCE AND SOCIAL CONTROL

DEVIANCE
• Violation of the norms
• The fact or state of departing from usual or accepted standards,
especially in social or sexual behavior
• Violation of social rules and conventions
• Usually of sufficient severity to warrant disapproval from the
majority of society

 5 TYPES OF DEVIANCE (STRAIN THEORY) by Robert K.

Merton
 Strain theory states that social structures within society may
pressure citizens to commit crimes.

• Conformity- involves the acceptance of the cultural goals and

means of attaining those goals.

• Innovation- involves the acceptance of the goals of a culture but

the rejection of the traditional and/or legitimate means of attaining
those goals.

• Ritualism- involves the rejection of cultural goals but the routinized

acceptance of the means for achieving the goals.

• Retreatism- involves the rejection of both the culture goals and the
traditional means of achieving those goals.
• Rebellion- is a special case wherein the individual rejects both the
cultural goals and traditional means of achieving them but actively
attempts to replace both elements of the society with different goals
and means.
 EXAMPLES OF DEVIANT ACTS
• Rape
• Prostitution
• Sexual harassment
• Polygamy
• Abortion
• Child abuse
• Coup d’etat

 SOCIAL CONTROL
• a necessary component of social order
• the product of many forces in our lives and takes both formal and
informal forms
• the study of the mechanisms, in the form of patterns of pressure,
through which society maintains social order and cohesion

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

4
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

• the rules and standards of society that circumscribe individual

action through the inculcation of conventional sanctions and the
imposition of formalized mechanisms
Enrichment ACTIVITY SHEET:
Activities
Direction: Explain each question and plan what you will say. Your
essay should be as well organized and as carefully written as you can
make it.

1. 1. Conduct an investigation into the behaviors and attitudes of

various social groups in respect to the implementation of GCQ, ECQ,
MGCQ and MECQ.
2. 2. Explain the work done by a community or voluntary organization
or the social enterprises undertaken by non-governmental organizations
(NGOs) in respond to pandemic.
3. 3. Write an autobiographical-style essay about the life or history of
someone.
4. 4. Describe how the founding ideas concerning the class system can
still be relevant when it comes to understanding social divisions and
stratification in modern society, and the extent of this relevance.
5. 5. Would you say that globalization has transformed the modern
world and, if so, to what extent?
6. 6. Identify an important concept from the term “Stay at Home” and
define it.
7.  7. Write an essay on the gender equality revolution and whether or
not this has stalled.
8. 8. Communities have always played a pivotal role in the formulation
of an individual’s identity and in building social groups. Would you agree
or disagree, and why?
9. 9. Identify the factors that contribute to a short life expectancy for
healthy individuals in times of pandemic. How do you think these
problems can be solved?
10. 10. Explain why the principles of preventing social crime are not
effective in developing practices that would be effective at preventing

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

5
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

crime.

Comprehension
Check
References  Briggel,A. and Mitcham, C. (2009). From the Philosophy of
information to the Philosophy of Information Culture. The
Information Society, 25, 169-174.
 Tredinnick, L. (2008). Digital Information Culture: The Individual
and Society in the digital age. Chandos Publishing.
 Oxford Handbook of Sociology, Social Theory and Organization
Studies by Paul S. Adler (Editor) Publication Date: 2014-12-16
 Student Handbook to Sociology by Elizabeth Grauerholz; Anne
Bubriski-McKenzie Publication Date: 2012-02-01
 Barnes, Barry, Scientific Knowledge and Sociological Theory.
London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974,
 Introduction to the book Society and Culture with Family Planning,
HIV Published in: Healthcare Published on Jan 4, 2019

Module 2 THE FAMILY: COVENANT, CHURCH AND FOUNDATION OF SOCIETY

Competencies 3. Identify and understand the basic concepts of sociology and
anthropology in Filipino Christian family.
4. State the numerous sociological perspective concerning critical
problems that affect contemporary society
Discussion FILIPINO CHRISTIAN FAMILY: “Honoring Parents”

FILIPINOS KNOWN FOR THEIR LOVE OF THE FAMILY

FAMILY as the nerve center of society

 THE TYPICAL FILIPINO FAMILY

 Nanay
 Tatay
 Kuya
 Ate
 Baby
 Lola
 Lolo
 Bantay

 THE EXTENDED FAMILY

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

6
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

 LOLA AND APO

 MOMMY ONLY AND KIDS
 OUR FAMILIES ARE CENTRAL TO OUR BEING FILIPINO
We value our families:
 In the way we RELATE to our parents and siblings
 In our DEVOTION to their needs
 Even in the KINDS OF CHOICES WE MAKE in terms of career or
vocation.

 DIFFICULTY TO HONOR OUR PARENTS

 ABUSIVE
 NEGLECTFUL OF THEIR DUTY
Children have the obligation to respect their parents.
 When children respect their parents, they grow in loving
relationship with one another and deeper sharing in God’s love.
 Children must grow up with a correct attitude of freedom with
regard to material goods adopt a simple lifestyle and fully convinced
that man is more precious than what he has.
 To honor and care for the elderly in our family is our obligation We
should not treat them as objects to be pushed aside and ignored.
 It is also our obligation to love our siblings When we love our
brothers and sisters; we are giving honor to our parents as well.
 It is the duty of the parents to nurture and guide their children to
contribute to the welfare of the community and our society.
 DUTY OF PARENTS: TO COURAGEOUSLY TRAIN THE
CHILDREN IN THE ESSENTIAL VALUES OF HUMAN LIFE
1. By word and example
2. Daily round of choices
3. Concrete actions and signs
4. Actualize the gifts of children
5. Cultivate respect for others
6. Instill a sense of justice
7. Practice dialogue
8. Inspire generous service for others

 VALUES CAUGHT IN THE FAMILY

1. Respect for other people
2. Value of life
3. Value of work
4. Prudent use of resources
5. Concern for environment
6. Religious and cultural traditions
7. Power of prayer

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

7
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

8. Discipline
9. Love of country
 IN OUR FAMILIES,WE SHOULD
• Learn to listen
• Do things together
• Learn to say “Sorry” and “I forgive you”
• Learn to say “I love you”

 NEWS & SOCIETY : OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS

(OFW) - FILIPINO PRIDE

The Philippines is going through of overseas Filipino workers (OFW)

searching for jobs and a much better existence abroad. Due to the fact of
this, numerous overseas Filipino workers (OFW) employment agencies
have been sprouting all above the country with the objective of servicing
the requirements of these overseas Filipino staff. Philippine statistics
assess that there are about 7 million Filipino employees abroad. They are
among the prime foreign employees in the planet.

 SOME OF THESE OVERSEAS FILIPINO EMPLOYEE (OFW)

JOBS ARE WORK-CONNECTED ROUTINES
 Health care centers
 Hospitals
 Oil production and transport organizations
 Technical-work establishments and other support-provider
institutions.

They are of great demand abroad and provide significantly of the workforce
necessary in these work institutions because of the Filipinos function
ethics perseverance, difficult function, independence and intellect. The
overseas Filipino employees (OFW) get benefit of the disparity of the
financial exchange prices among the employer country and the
Philippines. After their respective wages of challenging labor come, they
send a big component of it to their households in the Philippines. They are
regarded as the new heroes of modern day Philippines as their remittances
to the country support in the development of Philippine economy. Causes
vary as to why Filipinos decide on to work abroad, but most of them are
for fiscal causes and dreams of an excellent long term for themselves and
their respective households. Filipinos from all walks of daily life go abroad
for diverse overseas jobs. Some are specialist doctors, caregivers,
engineers, and nurses. Although other folks work overseas as residence
helpers, technicians, and part of an enterprise establishment workforce,
massive or modest.

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

8
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

 THE FILIPINO SOCIETY AS PICTURED IN NOLI ME

TANGERE
 The novel uncompromisingly exposes Spaniards in the Philippines.
 The government was administered by self- seekers, motivated by the
desire to enrich themselves at the expense of the people.
 Honest and sincere officials were quite few.
 Corruption became so rampant, as a consequence.
 Banditry became a way of life for many due to the corruption and
brutality of the Guardia Civil.
 Friars used the Catholic Church amass wealth and to perpetuate
themselves into power.

 RIZAL CRITICIZED HIS FELLOWMEN FOR THEIR:

• Blind
• Religious fanaticism
• Corruption
• Passion for gambling
• Subservience of the wealthy Filipino towards the friars and
government officials
• Ridiculous efforts to distance themselves for the common people

Enrichment Activity Sheet:

Activities
Direction: Provide details and give the positive and negative impact of
Filipino community.

1. Their surroundings influence children’s behaviour and attitudes.

What role does the filipino family play in the children’s education
and development?
2. How can we fill our family life with love?
3. How can one become a good father or a good mother?
4. Many parents feel they don’t have time to spend with their children,
or on family life. Women who work outside have all the care of the
home as well; full-time homemakers can feel their horizons are too
narrow. Where is the work-homelife balance to be found?
5. It’s not easy to raise children well. What is the key to it?
6. How can parents combine authority with giving children freedom?
7. What do trust and understanding between parents and children
imply for daily life together?
8. Sometimes parents want to decide on their children’s career, which
they marry, and even want to stop them from following God’s call to
a life of dedication to the service of souls. Would it not be better to

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

9
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

give children their freedom and let them grow up?

9. Everyone basically wants to have a stable family, peaceful family
life. But in marriage and families there are inevitably daily frictions
and sometimes major conflicts, differences of opinion and opposing
ideas. How can these be overcome?
10. What should parents do when their children tell them they wish to
dedicate their lives completely to God?
11. We have talked about parents so far. What about the children’s role
in a filipino family?
12. How is faith shown in the filipino family?

Comprehension
Check
References  http://www.articlebiz.com/post/502636-1-overseas-filipino-
workers-ofw-filipino-pride/
 The filipino society as pictured in noli (gulariza) Published on Jan
24, 2017 Published in: Education
 www.gutenberg.org
Title: The Friars in the Philippines
Author: Ambrose Coleman
Release Date: June 15, 2011 [EBook #36438]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ASCII
 The people of the Philippines, their religious progress and
preparation for spiritual leadership in the Far East, Laubach, Frank
Charles, 1884-1970.
 http://www.articlebiz.com/post/502636-1-overseas-filipino-
workers-ofw-filipino-pride
 Respect for parents
Published on Aug 11, 2016
Understanding our Parents, Family
Published in: Education

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

10
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”
 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

11
“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”