Fitsum Seleshi

MODEL – AP BIO

Mouth
o Acts as the entrance to the digestive tract.
o Parts of the mouth start the process of breaking down food so that it can be absorbed by the body for
energy.
o Other parts help with tasting food and speaking
Esophagus
o Muscular tube that carries food and liquids from the throat to the stomach
Pharynx
o Passageway leading from the mouth and nose to the esophagus
o The pharynx permits the passage of swallowed solids and liquids into the esophagus
Stomach
o Temporary storage for food, which passes from the esophagus to the stomach where it is held for 2
hours or longer.
o Mixing and breakdown of food by contraction
o Relaxation of the muscle layers in the stomach. 
o Digestion of food.
Small intestine
o Carries out most of the digestive process, absorbing almost all of the nutrients you get from foods
into your bloodstream.

o Lumen of the small intestine

o Villi – aids with digestion
o Glucose enters the blood vessels
o Passive transport turns remnants into extracellular fluid

o Cell membrane – barrier to let the glucose in

o Cytoplasm – Glucose is broken down to pyruvate
o Glucose – Energy reactant
o Oxygen – Electron transport chain
o ATP – Energy product
o Mitochondria – Turns glucose and oxygen into a ATP molecule(s).