LAB. NO.

(2)
Basic Principles of Gravity Method
Theory: The gravity method of prospection is based mainly on certain principles and ruler
governing the attraction force between different masses, (Newton's law) and the earth's gravity field
(gravity acceleration) as well as the behavior of instruments that respond to the gravitational effect
:(e.g. the simple pendulum). The rules governing these controlling parameters are the following
:a. Newton's law of gravitational attraction
mm
F G 1 2

r2
- :b. The gravitational constant and acceleration
the acceleration (g) of a mass (m2) due to the attraction of a mass(m1) is obtained simply by dividing
.the attraction force (F) by the mass (m2) (since F= mg)

:Where upon
F m
g  G 21
m 2 r
:c. the period of a simple pendulum

l
T  2
g

l = length of pendulum

:Applications
a. calculate the force of attraction between each pair of the following masses given with their .1
- :distances apart in the table below

M1 (kg) 1 2 3 3.5 5 5

M2 (kg) 1 2 3 2.5 4.5 3.5

R(m) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5

G = 6.67*10-8 (cgs) units

b. if the first tow masses are put at distance (r) as given in the table above, calculate the attraction
force between them in each case and draw a relation between the force of attraction and distance.
2. if each pair of the previous masses are kept at (0.2) m=20 cm a part, investigate the relation
between the attraction force and the average masses of each pair.
3. tow bodies, one in the form of sphere of radius (r=5) cm and density (ρ 1= 3.0 gm/cm3). Is put a
distance (0.2) m a part from another body in the form of a cubic of dimension (6) cm and density
(ρ2=3.5 gm/cm3). Calculate the attraction force between these two bodies.
3. if gravity acceleration is (980) gals, and the gravitational constant is (G= 6.67*10 -8), calculate
both the mass of the earth and its density given that the earth's radius = (6371) km., volume of the
earth = (1.083*1021) m3.
4. if the value of (g) at the equator is (978.046) gals. What is the required length of the pendulum
under each of these observed periods :(5, 25, 40, 60, )sec.
5. compute the value of gravity of the earth from the following data :
* Re = 6.371*106m

* Me= 5.967*1024kg
*G= 6.67*10-11 net.m2/kg2

* length of the pendulum = 60 cm

Period of the (100)vibration
* what is the force that tend to make the earth spherical ?
* what is the force that tend to flatten the earth ?