Professional Documents
Culture Documents
by Esco Engineering
179 Lansdowne Avenue,
Kingsville, Ontario N9Y 3J2 Canada Revisions
ph 519 733 3122 ### Corrected error in cell D14 on efficiency sheets
fax 519 733 6094 18-Jan-99 Added diagram
Contact: Neil Stone, Chief Engineer 3-Apr-99 Corrected cell O7, Efficiency 1 - thanks to Laercio Frare for pointing out this error
e-mail jnstone@mnsi.net 2-Dec-99 Added metric option, NV sketch
Website www.mnsi.net/~pas/esco.htm ### Corrected error in density calc (size!E9, Efficiency 1! and 2!E19)
NOTE: This spreadsheet is for the use of knowledgeable professionals, capable of evaluating the accuracy
of the results. The author is not responsible for the use to which these results are put.
1 The 'Cyclone size' sheet calculates dimensions for various standard cyclones.
Enter the flow rate, design inlet velocity and gas density in the colored squares
and the sheet will give dimensions for five standard cyclones - two high efficiency, and
three low efficiency. The table also gives the predicted pressure drop, but be aware that this is a
very uncertain calculation (see original references). See 'Diagram' sheet for nomenclature.
On the 'Cyclone size' sheet you specify the units you want to use - metric or US Customary (Imperial)
THIS UNITS SELECTION APPLIES TO ALL SHEETS
2 Two methods are provided for calculating cyclone efficiency. You can calculate both, and
compare the results on the chart. Both sheets are set up with the same layout, so data can be copied
between sheets easily.
3 The efficiency calculation requires particle size data, cyclone dimensions, and physical property
data for the gas and the solids. The calculation assumes that the size distribution of the particles
is log normally distributed. The sheet is set up so that you can enter either the mean and standard
deviation of the log normal distribution, or the particle size data, from which these data are then calculated.
5 The chart sheet graphs the penetration (col P = 1 - fractional efficiency) against particle size for the two efficiency
calculation methods. CAUTION: The two efficiency sheets are not linked, so make sure they are both calculating
from the same data if you want to compare the two efficiency calculations!
01/07/2021 505087206.xls
DEFINITION OF CYCLONE DIMENSIONS
b De
a S
h
NV = Neutral vane
Extension of inner
side if inlet to centerline
of cyclone
B ELEVATION PLAN
01/07/2021 505087206.xls
Cyclone size
SPECIFY UNITS (U = US CUSTOMARY[IMPERIAL], M = METRIC) U This setting applies to the whole spr
Input Working
Flow rate Q cfm 23,520 23520 cfm
Design inlet vel vi fps 50 50 fps
Gas density rg pcf 19.6300 19.630 pcf
Inlet area 7.84 sf
PD parameter 147.23 in water
Cyclone data from "New design approach boosts cyclone efficiency", W.H.Koch and W.Licht, Chem Eng Nov 7 1977, 80
Pressure drop vel head correlation from "A better way to calculate cyclone pressure drop" J.Casal and J.M. Martinez-Benet, C
Page 3
Cyclone size
r efficiency (alternates)
ts of results of sheets 2/3
Page 4
Efficiency 1
Gas data
Flow rate Q acfm 2000 2000.00 33.33333 cfs
Density rg pcf 0.0740 0.0740 0.076 air @ 1 atm, spec'd temp
Viscosity u cP 0.010 0.010 6.72E-06 lb/f-s
Temperature T °F 60 60
Salt. temp fact fT 1.00 1
Salt dens. fact fp 1.00 1
References
Efficiency from "New design approach boosts cyclone efficiency",
W.H.Koch and W.Licht, Chem Eng Nov 7 1977, 80
Pressure drop vel head correlation from "A better way to calculate cyclone pressure
drop" J.Casal and J.M. Martinez-Benet, Chem Eng, Jan 24, 1983, 99
Page 5
Efficiency 1
Calculated data
Log SD 1.133907
Inlet velocity fps 50975.61
Ratio inlet/salt vel #VALUE!
LENGTH LONGER THAN CYLINDER LENGTH Corrected L ft #VALUE!
Core dia ft #VALUE!
Eff vol cf #VALUE!
Inlet vol cf #VALUE!
Cycl const Kc #VALUE!
G #VALUE!
Vortex exp n+1 #VALUE!
#VALUE! %
Efficiency calcs
Dia, um
m, spec'd temp Min Max Inlet mass
fraction
0 0.4 0.0020
0.4 0.6 0.0028
0.6 1.2 0.0168
1.2 1.8 0.0260
1.8 2.4 0.0309
2.4 3 0.0330
3 3.6 0.0336
on - adjust input ranges (cols Q,T) to suit data 3.6 4.2 0.0333
4.2 4.8 0.0324
4.8 7 0.1080
7 10 0.1197
10 13 0.0926
13 16 0.0724
16 22 0.1052
22 28 0.0698
28 34 0.0486
34 40 0.0351
40 49 0.0372
49 64 0.0384
64 79 0.0220
79 94 0.0136
0.9736
Overall efficiency
Distribution data
Size, um Cum %
Min Max
0 2 6
Page 6
Efficiency 1
2 3 11
3 5 22
5 10 44
10 20 67
20 30 80
30 40 85
40 50 90
50 100 97
Page 7
Efficiency 1
Int calcs
Distribution Relax time Penetration
Penetration Outlet amt Outlet mass fl fh tl th pl
fraction
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0 0.009991 0 7.11E-07 1
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.009991 0.018218 7.11E-07 1.6E-06 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.018218 0.037832 1.6E-06 6.4E-06 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.037832 0.048784 6.4E-06 1.44E-05 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.048784 0.054068 1.44E-05 2.56E-05 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.054068 0.056018 2.56E-05 4E-05 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.056018 0.05603 4E-05 5.76E-05 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.05603 0.054921 5.76E-05 7.84E-05 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.054921 0.053178 7.84E-05 0.000102 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.053178 0.04504 0.000102 0.000218 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.04504 0.034769 0.000218 0.000444 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.034769 0.026983 0.000444 0.000751 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.026983 0.021255 0.000751 0.001137 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.021255 0.013811 0.001137 0.00215 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.013811 0.009455 0.00215 0.003483 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.009455 0.006743 0.003483 0.005136 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.006743 0.004969 0.005136 0.007108 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.004969 0.003297 0.007108 0.010667 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.003297 0.00183 0.010667 0.018197 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.00183 0.001106 0.018197 0.027727 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.001106 0.000711 0.027727 0.039256 #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
Overall efficiency #VALUE! %
Page 8
Efficiency 1
Coefficients
Standard Error
Intercept 2.477006 0.007748
X Variable 1.133907 0.006796
Page 9
Efficiency 1
Penetration
ph
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Page 10
Efficiency 1
MS F Significance F
14.59118 27837.76 7.33E-14
0.000524
Page 11
Efficiency 2
Gas data
Flow rate Q acfm 2000 2000.00 33.33333 cfs
Density rg pcf 0.0740 0.0740 0.076 air @ 1 atm, spec'd temp
Viscosity u cP 0.010 0.010 6.72E-06 lb/f-s
Temperature T °F 60 60
Salt. temp fact fT 1.00 1
Salt dens. fact fp 1.00 1
References
Efficiency from "A new collection theory of cyclone separators",
L.Enliang & W Yingmin, AIChEJ Vol 35, #4 April 1989, 666
Pressure drop vel head correlation from "A better way to calculate cyclone pressure
drop" J.Casal and J.M. Martinez-Benet, Chem Eng, Jan 24, 1983, 99
Page 12
Efficiency 2
Calculated data
Log SD 1.133907
Inlet velocity fps 30
DTH TOO GREAT - CONTRACTION AT INLET Ratio inlet/salt vel -0.351205
Vortex exp 1-n 0.383179
theta 15.53551
rw 0.27
rn 0.833333
uw -131.3814
Dr 0.19243
#NUM! %
Efficiency calcs
Dia, um
m, spec'd temp Min Max Inlet mass Penetration Outlet amt
fraction
0 0.4 0.0020 1.0067 0.0020
0.4 0.6 0.0028 1.0416 0.0029
0.6 1.2 0.0168 2.0080 0.0338
1.2 1.8 0.0260 120.2235 3.1240
1.8 2.4 0.0309 ### ###
2.4 3 0.0330 ### ###
3 3.6 0.0336 ### ###
on - adjust input ranges (cols Q,T) to suit data 3.6 4.2 0.0333 ### ###
4.2 4.8 0.0324 ### ###
4.8 7 0.1080 #NUM! #NUM!
7 10 0.1197 #NUM! #NUM!
10 13 0.0926 #NUM! #NUM!
13 16 0.0724 #NUM! #NUM!
16 22 0.1052 #NUM! #NUM!
22 28 0.0698 #NUM! #NUM!
28 34 0.0486 #NUM! #NUM!
34 40 0.0351 #NUM! #NUM!
40 49 0.0372 #NUM! #NUM!
49 64 0.0384 #NUM! #NUM!
64 79 0.0220 #NUM! #NUM!
79 94 0.0136 #NUM! #NUM!
0.9736 #NUM!
Overall efficiency #NUM!
Distribution data
Size, um Cum % % in ln dia max
Min Max range
0 2 6 6 0.693147
Page 13
Efficiency 2
2 3 11 5 1.098612
3 5 22 11 1.609438
5 10 44 22 2.302585
10 20 67 23 2.995732
20 30 80 13 3.401197
30 40 85 5 3.688879
40 50 90 5 3.912023
50 100 97 7 4.60517
Page 14
Efficiency 2
Int calcs
Distribution Penetration
Outlet mass fl fh kh wh lh pl ph
fraction
#NUM! 0 0.009991 -0.00026 0.283553 -0.000859 1 1.013429
#NUM! 0.009991 0.018218 -0.000585 0.637994 -0.004347 1.013429 1.069866
#NUM! 0.018218 0.037832 -0.002339 2.551975 -0.069552 1.069866 2.946233
#NUM! 0.037832 0.048784 -0.005262 5.741943 -0.352107 2.946233 237.5007
#NUM! 0.048784 0.054068 -0.009354 10.2079 -1.112833 237.5007 32231026
#NUM! 0.054068 0.056018 -0.014616 15.94984 -2.716879 32231026 2.14E+18
#NUM! 0.056018 0.05603 -0.021048 22.96777 -5.63372 2.14E+18 1.02E+38
#NUM! 0.05603 0.054921 -0.028648 31.26169 -10.43716 1.02E+38 2.63E+70
#NUM! 0.054921 0.053178 -0.037418 40.8316 -17.80534 2.63E+70 1.4E+120
#NUM! 0.053178 0.04504 -0.079578 86.83803 -80.53365 1.4E+120 #NUM!
#NUM! 0.04504 0.034769 -0.162404 177.2205 -335.4171 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.034769 0.026983 -0.274463 299.5026 -957.9848 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.026983 0.021255 -0.415755 453.6844 -2198.19 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.021255 0.013811 -0.786037 857.7471 -7857.347 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.013811 0.009455 -1.273249 1389.409 -20616.61 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.009455 0.006743 -1.877393 2048.669 -44823 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.006743 0.004969 -2.598468 2835.528 -85866.78 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.004969 0.003297 -3.899326 4255.064 -193361 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.003297 0.00183 -6.652078 7258.951 -562737 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.00183 0.001106 -10.13565 11060.33 -1306452 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM! 0.001106 0.000711 -14.35004 15659.2 -2618766 #NUM! #NUM!
#NUM!
%
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Page 15
Efficiency 2
Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95%
Intercept 2.477006 0.007748 319.6806 7.74E-16 2.458684
X Variable 1.133907 0.006796 166.8465 7.33E-14 1.117837
Page 16
Efficiency 2
Significance F
Upper 95%
Lower 95.000%
Upper 95.000%
2.495328 2.458684 2.495328
1.149978 1.117837 1.149978
Page 17
charts
EFFICIENCY
800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
700000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
Penetration
600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000
0.0000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Particle dia um
Page 18
charts
10 15 20 25 30
Page 19