6.

MYANMAR

Myanmar is squeezed between India and Bangladesh to its west, and China, Laos, and Thailand
to its east. Myanmar, formerly Burma, occupies 678,500 square kilometers along the Bay Bengal,
and has an approximate population of 45 million people. As part of India until 1937, it was British
Colony until 1948. Thus, created modeled on British precedent. Burma’s military rulers changed
the country’s name to Myanmar in 1989; this name change was not recognized by the
democratically elected parliament and has not been universally recognized by other countries.

Formally known as the People’s Police Force in 1995, Myanmar Police Force was established in
1964 as an independent department under the Ministry of Home Affairs.

It is commanded' by a Director General, whose rank is major general. His deputy, who holds the
rank of Brigadier General, is responsible for command, control, and supervision of the police
throughout the country.

Objectives

The Myanmar Police Force has as its objectives:-

    a. Community Peace and Tranquility

    b. Prevalence of Law and Order.
    c. Narcotic Drugs Suppression.
    d. To Carry out Community Welfare Activities.

Functions

    a. Prevention of Crime.
    b. Detection and Proceeding of Crime.
    c. Maintenance of Public Order.
    d. Public Security.
    e. Drug Enforcement.

Administrative Structures
a. Headquarters
b. State and Division Police Forces.
c. Special Forces consisting of Special Branch and Criminal Investigation
d. Department, Railways Police Department, and the City Development Department
 e. Training Centers Reserve Units
f. Police Battalions

The Headquarters. The Headquarters is headed by the Director General of Police. Under his
command, a Deputy Director General who holds the rank of Police Brigadier General and second
commander takes responsibility for the proper command, control and monitor all the Departments
of the Myanmar Police Force. Also four other Police Brigadier Generals, who are responsible for
General Staff Department, Personnel Department, Logistics Department and the Office of the
Commanding for Police Battalion respectively. 

The State and Division Police Forces. There are 14 State and Divisional Police Forces and
three additional State Police Forces commanded by Police Colonels. Their jurisdictions are divided
according to the Civil Administration. The States and Divisions and Additional States have the
same status. The State and Divisional Police Forces consist of four components. These are:

    a. Office of the Commander of the State and Divisional Police Force.

    b. Office of the Commander of the District Police Force.
    c. Office of the Commander of the Township Police Force.
    d. Police Stations. 

The District Police Forces are classified into two classes depending on the area, population and
development. Commanders of the A Class District Police Forces are Police Lieutenant Colonels
and B Classes are Police Majors. Commanders of Township Police Forces are Police Captains
and Police Station Officers are Police Lieutenants.

The Department- There is four Departments, in which the first two Departments are headed by
the Police Brigadier Generals and the rest two are by Police Colonels. They are as follows:-

    a. Criminal Investigation Department

    b. Special Branch
    c. Railways Police Force.
    d. City Development Police Force.

Training Centers

In Myanmar there is one Central Training Institute of Myanmar Police Force CTIMPF and two
Police Training Centers. CTIMPF is headed by one Police Brigadier General and its duties and
functions are as follows:-

a. Implementation of training policies stipulated by the Myanmar Police Force.

b. Implementation of Myanmar Police Force goal and accountability.
c. Scrutinize and redraw curriculum and technology progress regarding the timely situation.
d. Lay down on managerial arrangements for instructors for the enhancement of capabilities.
e. Perform to gain successful training objectives of their kinds.
f. Manage and practice officers’ moral, discipline and morale for the betterment in order to
serve others’ advantage.

The Central Training Institute of Myanmar Police Force provides under mentioned police training
courses:

a. The Central Training Institute of Myanmar Police Force is situated in Pyin Oo Lwin is
commanded by a Police Brigadier General, and is conducting the following courses :
 1. Deputy Superintendent Cadet Course (12) months in CTIMPF, 6 months in
Defense Service and 12  months of on –the-job Training).
2. Police Cadet Officer Course (52 weeks).
3. Surveillance Officer Course (6 weeks).
4. Investigation Officer Course (6 weeks).
5. Police Station Officer Course (8 weeks).
6. Township Police Commander Course (8 weeks).
7. District Police Commander Course (12 weeks).
8. Crime Record Officer’s Course (6 weeks).
9. Officer Instructor Course (4 weeks).
10. Course on Enhancement of competency (6 weeks).

for Senior Officers of the Ministry of Home Affairs.

    b. The No.1 Police Training Centre is commanded by a Police Lieutenant Colonel and
undertakes:
        (1) Training Course for Junior NCO (4 weeks)
        (2) Training Course for Senior NCO (4 weeks)
               and Police Sergeant Course
        (3) Instructor Replication Course. (4 weeks).
        (4) Constables Basic Training Course. (24 weeks).
        (5) Station Writer Course (4 weeks)

    c. The No.2 Police Training Centre is also commanded by a Police Lieutenant Colonel, and
undertakes only 
        Basic Training Course for Constables. (24 weeks).

   d. The State and Divisional Police Forces have their own training centers for refresher courses
and Junior NCO Courses.

The Units – There are two kinds of Reserved Units attached to State and Divisional Police Forces
to carry out their respective duties. These are:-

    a. Highway Patrol Units.

    b. Oil Field Security Units.

Police Battalions Command

It is commanded by a Police Brigadier General, the under mentioned duties and functions are
carried out as follows:-

    a. Suppression of uprising sabotage and riot.

    b. Perform security for Heads and State Guests.
    c. Perform security of Chief and Heads of state and state Ceremonies.
    d. Carry out security for VIP’s residence and departmental buildings.
    e. Carry out security for embassies and diplomatic residential buildings.
     f. Safeguard on important dams and dykes, industries and factories, roads and bridges.
    g. Safeguard on foreign schools and chanceries.
    h. Protect valuable cargo transportation.
    i. Conduct coastal vessel security.
    j. Safety measure taken on dispatching prisoners and convicts.
    k. Carried out public welfare activities.
Myanmar Police Force has 16 numbers of police battalions and Commanding Office of the Police
Battalion Command conducts the general security matters. Each battalion has been commanded
by a police lieutenant colonel. 

MPF Ranking system

- Police Major General
- Police Brigadier General
- Police Colonel
- Police Lieutenant Colonel
- Police Major (Township Police Commander)
- Police Captain (Deputy Township Police Commander)
- Police Lieutenant (Station Commander)
- Police Second Lieutenant
- Police Warrant Officer
- Police Sergeant
- Police Corporal
- Police Lance Corporal

Entrance age is 18, 56 height for male and 5’4 for female; 65 kilograms for male and 56 kilograms
for female.

THE TWO-POINT NATIONAL STRATEGY

FOR NARCOTIC DRUGS CONTROL 

* The designation of narcotic drugs eradication as a national duty and the comprehensive
implementation of that strategy.
* The development and enhancement of the standard of living of the national races in the border
areas and the total eradication of poppy cultivation.

THE THREE TACTICS

    * Supply Elimination
    * Demand Elimination
    * Law Enforcement

THE THREE METHODS

    * Enlighten the producer and abuser of narcotic drugs to enlighten their belief, conviction and
their psychological make-up for the better.
    * Afford easy access and communication between national races on the hills and those at
various other places.
     * To develop the socio-economic condition of the national races at the border areas.

Department of Transnational Crimes

Myanmar is one of the member states of the United Nations. Myanmar Police Force has been
implementing it portion in harmony with the United Nations Security Council Resolution numbers
1373, 1276 and 1455. Myanmar has been a member state in the United Nations Convention
against Transnational Organize Crime on 30 March 2004. As a consequence Myanmar Police
Force has initially established the Department of Transnational Crime on September 2004. So that
cooperation with the international, neighboring countries ASEAN nation and Asian States has
been made up. It is headed by one police colonel acted as the head of the department activating
in suppression of transnational crimes including international relations. The following offences are
primarily eradicated;
 a. Terrorism.
b. Narcotic Offense.
c. Arms Smuggling.
d. Sea Piracy.
e. Cyber Crime.
f. Money Laundering.
g. Trafficking in Person.
h. Economic Crime.

Annual Senior Officials Meeting on transnational organized crimes for SOMTC and once in every
two year transnational organized crimes meeting for AMMTC are attended by Myanmar with the
implementation on what have been decided in regional criminal suppression and prevention. The
9th ASEAN Senior Officials Meeting on Transnational Crime was held on 30, June to 4, July 2009
that was hosted by Myanmar.