Weam005801 Wb70a-1

Operation & Maintenance
WEAM005801
Manual
WB70A-1
BACKHOE-LOADER
SERIAL NUMBER
WB70A-1 F10950 and up
WARNING
Unsafe use of this machine may cause serious injury
or death. Operators and maintenance personnel
must read this manual before operating or
maintaining this machine. This manual should be
kept inside the cab for reference and periodically
reviewed by all personnel who will come into contact
with the machine.
CONTENTS
Page
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
SAFETY INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
PERMISSIBLE USES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
IMPROPER OR NON PERMISSIBLE USES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
RUNNING-IN THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SUMMARY OF PICTOGRAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
POSITION OF THE IDENTIFICATION TAGS OF THE MACHINE COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
MACHINE REGISTRATION NUMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
BACKHOE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
CAB NUMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
FORWARD AXLE NUMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ENGINE NUMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
REAR AXLE NUMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS AND AGENTS NAME AND ADDRESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
MACHINE IDENTIFICATION PLATE AND PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (PIN) . . . . . . . . 21
SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION

1. SAFETY MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.1 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.2 SAFETY DEVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.4 UNAUTHORISED MODIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.5 WHEN LEAVING THE DRIVING SEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.6 ENTERING AND LEAVING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.7 CHECKING THE REAR-VIEW MIRRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.8 PREVENTION OF FIRE FROM FUEL AND OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.9 PREVENTION OF BURNS OR SCALDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.10 PREVENTION OF ASBESTOS DUST CONTAMINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.11 PREVENTION OF INJURY CAUSED BY WORKING EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.12 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND FIRST AID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.13 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS CAB STRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.14 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
PRECAUTIONS
2. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE STARTING UP THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.1 ON-SITE SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2 FIRE PREVENTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.3 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS THE OPERATOR’S CAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.4 VENTILATION OF ENCLOSED AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.5 CLEANING WINDOWS, MIRRORS AND HEADLIGHTS CHECKING
WINDSCREEN-WIPER BLADES, LAMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE WORKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.1 WHEN STARTING UP THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2 REGULATIONS GOVERNING ROAD TRAVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3 CHECKS BEFORE MOVING THE MACHINE IN REVERSE GEAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.4 MACHINE MOVEMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
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3.5 WORKING ON SLOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.6 PREVENTION OF ELECTROCUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.7 VISIBILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.8 WORKING ON FROZEN OR SNOW-COVERED GROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.9 PREVENTION OF DAMAGE CAUSED BY MACHINE EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.10 WORKING ON LOOSE OR PLOUGHED SOIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.11 PARKING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4. TRANSPORTING THE MACHINE ON ANOTHER VEHICLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.1 LOADING AND UNLOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.2 TRANSPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
5. BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5.1 PREVENTION OF RISKS DERIVING FROM THE BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5.2 STARTING THE ENGINE WITH AUXILIARY CABLES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN TOWING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7.1 WARNING NOTICES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7.2 TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7.3 PERSONNEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7.4 EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
7.5 WORKING UNDER THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
7.6 KEEPING THE MACHINE CLEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
7.7 RUNNING THE ENGINE DURING MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
7.8 RULES TO BE FOLLOWED DURING FUEL OR OIL TOPPING UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
7.9 LEVEL OF COOLANT IN RADIATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
7.10 USE OF LAMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
7.11 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN USING THE BATTERY AND THE ALTERNATOR . 46
7.12 PRECAUTIONS CONCERNING THE STARTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
7.13 HANDLING THE HIGH-PRESSURE TUBES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
7.14 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN AT HIGH PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
7.15 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN CARRYING OUT MAINTENANCE WORK
AT HIGH TEMPERATURES AND HIGH PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
7.16 COOLING BELTS AND FAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
7.17 WASTE MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
7.18 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN INFLATING THE TIRES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
8. SAFETY, NOISE AND VIBRATION NOTICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
8.1 LOCATION OF SAFETY NOTICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
8.2 POSITION OF NOISE NOTICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
9. TECHNICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
9.1 DIMENSIONS WITH BACKHOE CENTERED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
9.2 DIMENSIONS WITH BACKHOE FOLDED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
9.3 DIMENSIONS WITH COUNTERWEIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
9.4 TECHNICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
9.5 LIFTING CAPACITY (STANDARD BOOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
9.6 LIFTING CAPACITY (BOOM WITH TRANSPORTABLE DEVICE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
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THE MACHINE AND ITS OPERATIONS
10. SAFETY DEVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
10.1 SAFETY DEVICES FOR THE LOADING SHOVEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
10.2 SAFETY DEVICES FOR THE BACKHOE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
11. GENERAL VIEWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
11.1 GENERAL FRONT VIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
11.2 GENERAL VIEW OF BACKHOE FROM THE SIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
11.3 GENERAL VIEW OF THE INSIDE OF THE CAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
12. INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
12.1 INSTRUMENTS, WARNING LIGHTS AND PUSH-BUTTONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
12.1.1 INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
12.1.2 WARNING LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
12.1.3 PUSH-BUTTONS AND SWITCHES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
12.1.4 ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
12.2 MACHINE CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
12.2.1 MACHINE CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
12.2.2 FRONT SHOVEL CONTROLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
12.2.3 BACKHOE CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
13. FUSES AND RELAYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
13.1 FUSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
13.1.1 AUXILIARY FUSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
13.1.2 MAIN FUSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
13.2 RELAYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
14. CAB AND DRIVING SEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
14.1 DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
14.2 VENTILATION AND HEATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
14.3 DRIVING SEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
14.4 SAFETY BELT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
14.5 FIRE EXTINGUISHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
14.6 FIRST AID KIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
14.7 TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGINE BAY FOR CONTROLS AND MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
15. MACHINE OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
15.1 CHECKS TO BE MADE BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
15.1.1 VISUAL CHECKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
15.1.2 DAILY CHECKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
15.1.3 OPERATING CHECKS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
15.2 STARTING THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
15.2.1 START-UP WITH WARM ENGINE OR IN TEMPERATE CLIMATE . . . . . . . . . . . 111
15.2.2 START-UP WITH A COLD ENGINE OR IN A COLD CLIMATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
15.3 WARMING UP THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
15.4 WARMING UP THE HYDRAULIC OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
15.5 SETTING THE MACHINE IN MOTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
15.5.1 BLOCKING THE DIFFERENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
15.5.2 HOW TO MOVE ON A SLOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
15.5.3 MAXIMUM IMMERSION DEPTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
16. PARKING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
16.1 PARKING ON LEVEL GROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
16.2 PARKING ON A SLOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
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17. STOPPING THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
18. TRANSPORTING THE MACHINE ON ANOTHER VEHICLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
18.1 LOADING AND UNLOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
18.2 TRANSPORT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
19. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING COLD WEATHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
19.1 FUEL AND LUBRICANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
19.2 COOLANT LIQUID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
19.3 THE BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
19.4 OTHER PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
19.5 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN ON COMPLETION OF WORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
20. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING HOT WEATHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
21. USING THE MACHINE AS A LOADING SHOVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
21.1 SHOVEL POSITION INDICATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
21.2 ORGANISATION OF THE WORKING AREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
21.2.1 LOADING PILED UP OR FLAT MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
21.2.2 LOADING MATERIAL ON A SLOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
21.3 CHANGING THE FRONT BUCKET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
22. USING THE MACHINE TO DIG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
22.1 POSITIONING THE BUCKET IN FUNCTION OF THE JOB TO BE DONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
22.2 POSITIONING THE MACHINE FOR DIGGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
22.3 SIDEWAYS MOVEMENT OF THE EXCAVATOR GROUP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
22.4 DIGGING METHOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
22.5 CHANGING THE BACKHOE BUCKET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
22.6 REMOVING THE BACKHOE AND THE COUNTERWEIGHT FROM THE MACHINE . . . . . 133
22.6.1 REMOVING THE BACKHOE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
22.6.2 INSTALLING THE BACKHOE ON THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
22.7 INSTALLING THE COUNTERWEIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
22.7.1 INSTALLING THE COUNTERWEIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
22.7.2 REMOVING THE COUNTERWEIGHT FROM THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
23. FAULT IDENTIFICATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
23.1 IF THE FUEL TANK IS EMPTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
23.2 IF THE BATTERY IS FLAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
23.2.1 START-UP USING AUXILIARY CABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
23.3 OTHER FAULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
23.3.1 ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
23.3.2 HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
23.3.3 BRAKING SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
23.3.4 HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
23.3.5 ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
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MAINTENANCE
24. MAINTENANCE GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
25. MAINTENANCE NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
25.1 MAINTENANCE NOTES ON THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
25.1.1 ENGINE OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
25.1.2 COOLANT WATER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
25.1.3 FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
25.2 MAINTENANCE NOTES ON THE HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
25.3 MAINTENANCE NOTES ON THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
25.4 MAINTENANCE NOTES REGARDING LUBRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
25.5 PARTS THAT WEAR OUT FAST AND THAT NEED REPLACING PERIODICALLY . . . . . . . 151
26. FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
26.1 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
26.2 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM (For 4 in 1 bucket) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
26.3 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM (For front bucket and equipment quick connecting device) . . . . . 156
26.4 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM (For removable device) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
26.5 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM (For telescopic arm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
27. TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR SCREWS AND NUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
27.1 STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
27.2 SPECIFIC TIGHTENING TORQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
28. MAINTENANCE PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
28.1 MAINTENANCE EVERY 8 HOURS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
28.1.a VARIOUS CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
28.1.b COOLANT LIQUID LEVEL CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
28.1.c FUEL LEVEL CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
28.1.d CONTROL OF THE LEVEL OF THE ENGINE OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
28.1.e HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT OIL LEVEL CHECK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
28.1.f LUBRICATING THE JOINTS OF THE EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
28.1.g ARTICULATION COUPLING LUBRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
28.1.h CHECKING THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
28.2 MAINTENANCE ON COMPLETION OF THE FIRST 50 HOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
28.3 MAINTENANCE EVERY 50 HOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
28.3.a CHECKING BATTERY ELECTROLYTE LEVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
28.3.b OIL LEVEL CHECK OF THE BRAKING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
28.3.c DRAINING THE FUEL LINE WATER TRAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
28.3.d FRONT/REAR AXLE DIFFERENTIAL OIL LEVEL CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
28.3.e REDUCER GEAR OIL LEVEL CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
28.3.f CONTROLLING THE OIL LEVEL OF THE FINAL REDUCTIONS GEAR . . . . . . . 174
28.3.g CONTROLLING TIGHTENING TORQUE OF WHEEL BOLTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
28.3.h TIRE PRESSURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
28.3.j DRIVE SHAFT LUBRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
28.4 MAINTENANCE ON COMPLETION OF FIRST 100 HOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
28.5 MAINTENANCE ON COMPLETION OF FIRST 250 HOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
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28.6 MAINTENANCE EVERY 250 HOURS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
28.6.a CLEANING HYDRAULIC FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
28.6.b ADJUSTMENT OF FAN-BELT TENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
28.6.c EXTERNAL CLEANING OF THE RADIATOR AND HEAT EXCHANGER. . . . . . . 180
28.6.d CONTROLLING TIGHTNESS OF SCREWS ON THE TRANSMISSION
SHAFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
28.6.e ARTICULATION COUPLING SECURING BOLTS TIGHTNESS CHECK . . . . . . . 181
28.7 MAINTENANCE EVERY 500 HOURS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
28.7.a DRAINING THE FUEL TANK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
28.7.b FUEL FILTER REPLACEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
28.7.c REPLACING ENGINE OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
28.7.d REPLACING ENGINE OIL FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
28.7.e REPLACING HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSION FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
28.8 MAINTENANCE EVERY 1000 HOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
28.8.a FRONT/REAR AXLE OIL REPLACEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
28.8.b REDUCER GEAR OIL REPLACEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
28.8.c CHANGING THE OIL OF THE FINAL TRAVERSING REDUCTION GEAR . . . . . 188
28.8.d ENGINE VALVE PLAY INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
28.9 MAINTENANCE EVERY 2000 HOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
28.9.a CHANGING THE COOLANT LIQUID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
28.9.b CHANGING THE BRAKING SYSTEM OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
28.9.c CHECKING THE ALTERNATOR AND STARTER MOTOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
28.9.d CHANGING THE HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT OIL AND CLEANING SUCTION
FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
28.10 OCCASIONAL MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
28.10.a CHECKING, CLEANING OR CHANGING THE AIR CLEANER
CARTRIDGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
28.10.b REGULATING THE HAND-BRAKE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
28.10.c WASHING OUT THE COOLANT CIRCUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
28.10.d CLEANING THE FUEL LINE WATER TRAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
29. LONG PERIODS OF MACHINE IDLENESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
29.1 PREPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
29.2 PREPARATION FOR USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
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AUTHORISED OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
30. AUTHORIZED OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
30.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
31 FRONT EQUIPMENT QUICK CONNECTING DEVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
31.1 STANDARD BUCKET HYDRAULIC QUICK CONNECTING DEVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
31.2 QUICK CONNECTION WITH HYDRAULIC CONTROL FOR 4 IN 1 BUCKET
AND OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT WITH SINGLE TRANSMISSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
32. 4 IN 1 BUCKET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
32.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
32.2 SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
32.3 INSTALLATION OF THE 4 IN 1 BUCKET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
32.4 USE OF THE 4 IN 1 BUCKET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
32.5 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
33. FORKS FOR PALLETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
33.1 DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
33.2 USE OF THE FORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
33.3 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
34. CONFIGURATION OF THE MANUAL PNEUMATIC DRILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
34.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
34.2 CONNECTIONS AND REMOVAL OF HAMMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
34.2.1 CONNECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
34.2.2 REMOVAL OF ATTACHMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
34.3 USE OF THE DRILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
34.4 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
35. TELESCOPIC BOOM FOR BACKHOE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
35.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
35.2 SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
35.3 USE OF THE TELESCOPIC BOOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
35.4 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
35.4.1 LEEWAY ADJUSTMENT OF THE GUIDE-RAILS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
36. CONFIGURATION OF THE PNEUMATIC DRILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
36.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
36.2 ASSEMBLY AND REMOVAL OF PNEUMATIC DRILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
36.2.1 ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
36.2.2 REMOVAL OF THE PNEUMATIC DRILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
36.3 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
37. APPLYING THE TRANSPORTABLE DEVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
37.2 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
38. CONFIGURATION OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT WITH SINGLE DELIVERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
38.2 ASSEMBLY AND CONNECTION OF EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
38.3 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
7
CONTENTS
Page
39. CONFIGURATION FOR ATTACHMENT OF ROTATING AND CUTTING SHOVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
39.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
39.2 ASSEMBLY OF THE CUTTING AND ROTATING SHOVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
39.3 USE OF THE CUTTING AND ROTATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
39.4 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
8
FOREWORD
FOREWORD
• This manual has been prepared by the Komatsu Utility S.p.A. to provide their customers with all necessary in-
formation on the machine and its relevant safety regulations, together with operating and maintenance instruc-
tions that will enable them to get the best out of their machine, and to keep it in a state of maximum efficiency
for many years to come.
• The operating manual, along with the parts book are essential to the functioning of the machine and should ac-
company it through ownership changes right to its final destruction.
• In order for the manual to be readily accessible, it should always be carefully stowed away on board the machi-
ne; the storage position is located in the back pocket of the driving seat where the ownership and circulation do-
cuments are also usually kept (See «14.3 DRIVING SEAT»).
• The manual must always be available to those who use the machine and those entrusted with its periodical
maintenance. They should read it through, and keep it in a good state of repair in an easily accessible place (to-
gether with the spare-part catalogues) for quick reference.
If this manual becomes damaged or is lost, another copy can be obtained from Komatsu Utility or from a Koma-
tsu Utility agent.
• The machines are constantly being upgraded with an aim to increase their efficiency and reliability; this manual
contains all updated technical information regarding the machines at the time of their market introduction.
Consult your Komatsu Utility Agent for the latest information.
• Keep regular and immediate notes of the work done during maintenance checks. This demonstrates due care
of the machine, but above all serves as a clear diary of work done and jobs still to be done at the next mainte-
nance period. We therefore recommend that you should check both the hour-counter and the maintenance
chart frequently.
• A Komatsu Utility Agent will have acquired much experience during years of service in close collaboration with
his customers.
If you require any further information, therefore, contact your Komatsu Utility Agent.; he will always know the
best way to use your machine, be able to suggest the most appropriate equipment for your work, and provide
Technical Assistance for any modifications needed to adapt your machine to conform to safety or road-use re-
gulations.
Furthermore the Komatsu Utility Agent can supply you with original Komatsu Utility spare parts - the only ones
that can guarantee safety and interchangeability.
• The form incorporated in this manual should be completed; it asks for the characteristic data of the machine,
which must always be given to the Agent when requesting Assistance, and when ordering spare parts.
CAUTION
• Incorrect use of this machine or badly performed maintenance operations could involve risk of serious
damage or injury to individuals, perhaps even death.
• Operators and everybody entrusted with maintenance work must read this entire manual carefully befo-
re using the machine or performing maintenance work.
• If someone is involved in a serious accident while using the machine or carrying out maintenance
work, it means that all the procedures described in this book have not been followed.
• The procedures and precautions contained in this manual are understood to apply to the machine in
the course of normal work only.
Se lIf the machine is used improperly, the Operator will be responsible for his own safety and that of
any other people involved.
9
SAFETY INFORMATION
SAFETY INFORMATION
Many accidents are caused by lack of knowledge or by nonobservance of the safety regulations that should
always be put into practice during machine maintenance operations.
In order to prevent accidents, before starting work and before performing any maintenance operation, read, un-
derstand and follow all the precautions and warnings contained in this manual and those provided on notices at-
tached to the machine.
The terms described below have been adopted to make it easier to recognise the safety messages contained in
this manual and duplicated on notices on the machine.
DANGER • This word is used in safety messages in the manual and on machine-notices
where there is a high probability that serious injury or death will ensue if the
risk is not avoided.
These safety messages and notices describe the normal precautions to be tak-
en to avoid risk. If such precautions are ignored it may result in serious damage
to the machine.
CAUTION • This word is used in safety messages in the manual and on machine-notices
when there are dangers which, if not avoided, might lead to slight or moderate
injury or damage.
This message may also be used for dangers that could cause damage to the
machine only.
☞ IMPORTANT • This word is used for precautions that must be taken to avoid operations that
might shorten the life of the machine.
Komatsu Utility cannot foresee all circumstances that might cause potential hazards during the use or maintenan-
ce of the machine. For this reason, the safety messages contained in the manual and duplicated on the machine-
notices may not include all possible safety precautions.
Nevertheless, if he performs only those procedures or operations permitted for this machine, and respects the
warnings included in this manual, the customer may rest assured that both the Operator and those working near
him will be able to work in safety and without any risk of damaging the machine.
If there is any doubt as to the safety measures to be taken for any procedure, contact Komatsu Utility or your area
Agent.
10
SAFETY INFORMATION
DANGER
• For greater clarity some of the illustrations in this manual show the machine without its protective pa-
nels. Never use the machine without these panels and do not start the engine while the panels are di-
smantled, unless specifically stated in the maintenance procedures.
DANGER
• It is strictly forbidden to modify the settings of the safety valves of the hydraulic system. Komatsu Utili-
ty cannot be responsible for damage or injury to persons, objects or the machine due to interference
with the standard settings of the hydraulic system.
DANGER
• Before carrying out any electric welding, disconnect the battery and the alternator. (See «7.11 PRECAU-
TIONS TO BE TAKEN WITH THE BATTERY, AND ALTERNATOR»).
DANGER
• Only install authorized additional equipment (See «30. CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTHORIZED EQUIP-
MENT»).
DANGER
• Road circulation is consented only if recognised equipment has been installed; before circulating on
the road check that the equipment installed has been recognised and that the required safety devices
are correctly inserted.
11
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
PERMISSIBLE USES
The Komatsu Utility BACKHOE-LOADER described in this manual is designed chiefly to perform the functions of:
• LOADING
• DIGGING
By attaching additional optional equipment the machine can also be used as a:
• GOODS TRANSPORTER (4 IN 1 BUCKET - PALLET FORKS)
• SNOWPLOUGH GROUP (ANGLEDOZER BLADE - SNOWPLOUGH)
• DEMOLITION HAMMER (HAND HAMMER - HAMMER ON BACKHOE)
• TRENCH DIGGER AND DREDGER (SPECIAL BUCKETS)
• BUSH-CUTTER
• ROTATING MOWER
IMPROPER OR NON PERMISSIBLE USES
CAUTION
• This section contains some of the improper or non permissible uses of the machine; as it is impossible
to predict all improper uses, should special circumstances arise contact your Komatsu Utility agent be-
fore proceeding with the work.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Instructions regarding the approved optional devices are described in their respective usage and main-
tenence manuals; if the equipment is supplied by Komatsu Utility the instructions are attached at the
end of this manual.
• Instructions for the installation of the approved equipment, the controls which need to be set on the
machine, the hydraulic connections necessary for the functioning of the equipment are all grouped to-
gether in the final section of this manual.
The Komatsu Utility BACKHOE-LOADER is exclusively designed for the movement, excavation and treatment of
inert materials; the following uses are to be categorically avoided:
• USE OF THE MACHINE BY MINORS OR NON EXPERT PEOPLE.
• USE OF THE MACHINE FOR LIFTING OBJECTS OR PEOPLE.
• TRANSPORTATION OF PEOPLE, even if they are inside the drivers cabin.
• TRANSPORTATION OF CONTAINERS containing liquids, inflammable liquids, divided materials without the
appropriate harnessing equipment.
• TRANSPORTATION AND LIFTING (EVEN IF EXCEPTIONAL) OF EQUIPMENT OR MATERIALS THAT PRO-
TRUDE OUT OF THE BUCKET AND WHICH ARE NOT FASTENED TO THE BUCKET BY MEANS OF RO-
PES OR CHAINS.
• USE OF THE BUCKET AS A PILE-DRIVER OR FOR THE EXTRACTION OF STAKES.
• USE OF THE MACHINE FOR TOWING CRASHED VEHICLES ON THE ROAD.
• USE OF THE MACHINE FOR LIFTING CRASHED VEHICLES.
12
INTRODUCTION
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
• Simple and easy to use 4 wheel drive vehicle, particularly good at working in confined spaces.
• Steering by means of an articulated frame; power assisted steering with intervention priority.
• Oscillation of the frame for easy movement on uneven ground; possibility of electrohydraulic blockage of the
oscillation for leveling work and for transport by lorry.
• Movement obtained by means of a closed hydrostatic transmission circuit with hydraulic pump and motor with
variable capacity; electrohydraulic limiter of flow for speed of work. Two speed gear reduction unit (movement
and work) which can be selected electrically by means of a switch; reinsertion of neutral position with
electrohydraulic command.
• The rear differential can be blocked electrohydraulically if the machine skids or becomes bogged down in sand
or mud.
• Loading shovel command with a single lever which also enables combined modular movements in a continuous
and proportional manner.
• Backhoe commands with two levers which enable combined modular movements in a continuous and propor-
tional manner.
• All instrumentation visible from both working positions (boom and backhoe).
• Separate accelerator commands for both working positions.
• Shortened maintenance procedures.
• All fitted on dashboard: generator indicator, engine oil pressure indicator, air filter blockage indicator, transmis-
sion oil filter blockage indicator, brakes indicator, fuel level indicator, engine water temperature indicator.
RUNNING-IN THE MACHINE

Every part of a Komatsu Utility machine is tested and inspected before delivery, so the machines only require a
normal running-in period which should be observed for the first 50 hours of operation, as recorded on the hour-
counter.
Work during this period should involve only low or medium loads and lower engine speeds, to give the system oil
and the seals of the hydraulic components a chance to warm up in a uniform manner.
Although the engine itself does not need running-in, before accelerating to maximum or carrying out work invol-
ving heavy loads, let the coolant liquids heat up to a minimum temperature of 60°C (See «15.3 WARMING UP
THE ENGINE»). During this warming-up period, avoid sudden halts when the engine is under stress, with the
exception of emergency stops in cases of danger.
For maintenance during the running in phase, the first 100 running hours and the first 250 running hours, see
«28.2 MAINTENANCE AT THE FIRST 50 HOURS», «28.4 MAINTENANCE AT THE FIRST 100 HOURS» and
«28.5 MAINTENANCE AT THE FIRST 250 HOURS».
☞ IMPORTANT
• Working hours are shown on the counter instrument.
• When the filters are changed examine the inside to check for the presence of metal particles; if there is
a significant presence consult your Komatsu Utility agent to establish the causes.
13
INTRODUCTION
SUMMARY OF PICTOGRAMS
The warning and danger notices on the machine are accompanied or represented by pictures.
Personnel in charge of movement and maintenance should have a perfect knowledge of the symbols on these
pictures; their representation and meaning follow below.
DANGER WORK AREA

• Do not approach and do not station in the radius of action of
the equipment when the boom and the bucket are lifted.
RWA00020
DO NOT OPEN THE ENGINE HOOD

• Do not open or remove the engine hood when the motor is
running.
RWA00010
DANGER ARTICULATED AREA

• Do not stand close to, nor stop in the articulated area of the
frame..
RWA24530
CONSULT THE MANUAL

• Carefully read the content of the manual before using the ma-
chine or carrying out maintenance.
RWA00030
14
INTRODUCTION
FILL WITH HYDRAULIC OIL
RWA00050
FILL WITH FUEL
D
RWA00040
MOTOR LUBRICATION OIL FILTER
RWA00080
FUEL FILTER
D
RWA00060
AIR ASPIRATION MOTOR FILTER
RWA00090
MOTOR COOLING
RWA00130
15
INTRODUCTION
MOTOR REFRIGERATION PRESSURE
RWA00110
MOTOR COOLANT LEVEL
RWA24540
HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL
RWA00100
HYDRAULIC OIL FILTER
RWA00070
ELECTRIC SOCKET
RWA00120
12 V
ANCHOR POINT
RWA00200
16
INTRODUCTION
EMERGENCY EXIT
RWA00190
BLOCKAGE OF BOOM
RWA00160
BLOCKAGE OF ROTATION
RWA00150
BRAKE OIL
RWA00140
DO NOT LIFT MORE THAN 1000 kg IN

WEIGHT
> 1000 Kg
RWA00210
17
INTRODUCTION
POSITION OF THE IDENTIFICATION TAGS OF THE MACHINE COMPONENTS

MACHINE REGISTRATION NUMBER
RYA19270
BACKHOE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
RYA19280
CAB NUMBER
RYA19290
FORWARD AXLE NUMBER
RYA19300
18
INTRODUCTION
ENGINE NUMBER
RYAA0800
REAR AXLE NUMBER
RYA19310
19
INTRODUCTION
IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS AND AGENTS NAME AND ADDRESS

Machine No. Mod.
Engine No.
Product identification number (PIN)
Front axle No.
Rear axle No.
Cab No.
Backhoe No.
Agent:
Address:
Tel.
Person to be contacted:
REMARKS:
20
INTRODUCTION
MACHINE IDENTIFICATION PLATE AND

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (PIN)
The Komatsu Utility BACKHOE-LOADER described in the pre-
sent manual are marked with CE since they adhere to the Euro-
pean Communitys harmonised norms. CE
RYA19320
MODELLO - MODEL
TYP - MODELE
MATRICOLA N˚ - SERIAL N˚
FABR. NR. - SERIE NR.
ANNO - YEAR
BAUJAHR - ANNEE
MASSA TOTALE - TOTAL WEIGHT

GESAMTGEWICHT - POIDS TOTAL kg kg
POTENZA MOTORE - ENGINE POWER
LEISTUNG - PUISSANCE MOTEUR kw
Product Identification Number

PIN
MANUFACTURED BY KOMATSU UTILITY EUROPE S.p.A.

36025 Noventa Vicentina (VI) ITALY
RYA21890
MODEL
SERIAL N˚
YEAR
TOTAL WEIGHT kg kg
ENGINE POWER kw
Product Identification Number

PIN
MANUFACTURED BY KOMATSU UTILITY EUROPE S.p.A.

36025 Noventa Vicentina (VI) ITALY
21
INTRODUCTION
SAFETY MEASURES INVOLVING MOVEMENT OF THE MACHINE
CAUTION
• All safety devices are outlined in the sections relevant to the individual controls (See «12.2.1 MACHINE
CONTROLS»).
• All safety measures are achieved by means of electrical connections through position sensors or mi-
cro switches; if the machine does not start or if the controls are not executed despite compliance with
normal operating conditions, seek assistance from the Komatsu Utility agent for a complete control of
the electrical circuit.
• Categorically avoid bypassing the safety devices.
• Komatsu Utility S.p.A. is automatically discharged from all civil or criminal responsibility for damage to
people or things brought about by the inhibition or handling of the electrical circuit, particularly with re-
gards to the circuits involving safety devices.
They are devices which are installed on the movement transmission units in order to obtain total control of the
machines movements thereby safeguarding the Operator and people in the machines proximity from sudden mo-
vements. The safety devices are also useful in preventing overloading and wear of the hydrostatic and mechani-
cal movement transmission units (engine and hydraulic pumps, transmission shafts, reducers).
The measures involve the following:
1 - Ignition of the engine which is prevented by the gear lever being in a position other than neutral (N) (See
«12.2.1/1 GEAR LEVER»).
2 - No reducer gear speed can be selected if the machine is not stationary (see «12.2.1/2 REDUCER GEAR
SPEED SELECTION SWITCH»).
3 - The reducer gear cannot be put into neutral if the gear lever is not in neutral (N) (see «12.2.1/1 GEAR LE-
VER»).
4 - Inability to block the differential if the high gear is inserted or if the transfer speed is selected for the reducer.
(See «12.2.1/2 TRANSMISSION SPEED SELECTION SWITCH» and «12.2.1/1 GEAR LEVER»).
22
SAFETY AND
ACCIDENT PREVENTION
SAFETY MEASURES
1. SAFETY MEASURES
1.1 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
• The machine may only be used by authorised personnel specially trained for this purpose. The same precau-
tions extend also to personnel entrusted with maintenance.
• While working or carrying out maintenance, all possible safety regulations, precautions and instructions should
be observed.
• When more than one person is involved, and when the working area is frequently invaded by other Operators,
make sure that they are all familiar with previously agreed signals, and that they are working where they can
see the machine, and are themselves clearly visible to the Machine Operator.
1.2 SAFETY DEVICES

• Make sure that all protective shields and screens are firmly fixed in their appropriate sockets. If found to be
damaged, replace or repair them immediately. Do not use the machine without shields, and do not remove the
shields while moving.
• Always use the appropriate safety devices provided to block the machine when parked, and always wear the
safety belt correctly.
• For the safety devices, see «10. SAFETY DEVICES».
• For the safety belt, see «14.4 SAFETY BELT».
• Never remove any of the safety devices and always keep them in a good state of repair.
1.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

AND EQUIPMENT
• Do not wear large garments or loose clothing, rings or wrist-
watches, and do not approach the moving parts with long, un-
bound hair, which might get caught up in these moving parts
and cause serious injury.
Also avoid wearing clothing stained with oil or fuel, which
might therefore catch fire more easily.
• When operating the machine or carrying out maintenance,
wear starched overalls, protective goggles and overshoes, a
mask, gloves, and antinoise earmuffs.
• Always wear protective goggles, starched overalls and heavy
gloves to protect against minute metal splinters or shards of
material. These precautions are particularly necessary when
engaging, and therefore hammering the connecting pins used
to assemble items of equipment, and when blowing out the air
filter and radiator with compressed air.
Make sure that no unprotected person is allowed in the vicinity
during these operations.
• When working for a period of 8 hours at a noise-level of over
90 dBA, anti-noise earmuffs or ear plugs must be worn, and RWA00960
increased attention should be paid to this problem particularly

towards the end of the work-shift.
24
SAFETY MEASURES
1.4 UNAUTHORISED MODIFICATIONS

• No modification should be made to the machine without authorisation from Komatsu Utility, because such mod-
ifications could create hazards.
• Before carrying out any modification, first consult your Komatsu Utility Agent. Komatsu Utility cannot be held re-
sponsible for any injury or damage caused by unauthorised modifications.
1.5 WHEN LEAVING THE DRIVING SEAT

• When it is necessary to leave the driving seat, even for a mo-
ment, make sure that the machine is parked on safe ground
(See «16. PARKING THE MACHINE»).
• Before leaving the driving seat, carry out the following opera-
tions in this sequence:
1 - Lower the equipment to the ground.
2 - Put the controls into safety mode.
3 - Put the hand-brake on.
RYA19370
4 - shift gear lever to neutral.
5 - Switch off the engine.
If going far enough away to lose sight of the machine, take the
ignition key with you.
RYA19380
RYA19390
25
SAFETY MEASURES
1.6 ENTERING AND LEAVING THE MA-

CHINE
• Do not jump from or onto the machine, either when it is station-
ary or moving.
• When entering or leaving the machine, use the hand-grips pro-
vided and the ladder with safety steps. Enter and leave the
machine calmly and carefully.
• Do not clutch or lean on the steering wheel or the gear lever.
• Both when entering and leaving, always maintain three points
of contact (either by grip or by support) as a precaution against
losing balance.
• Clean the steps and hand-grip whenever they become
smeared with oil or grease.
The floor of the cab should be cleaned equally thoroughly
whenever it shows traces of oil or grease, or mud and debris.
RYA19400
RWA18670
1.7 CHECKING THE REAR-VIEW MIR-

RORS
• Check that the rear-view mirrors are clean and accurately po-
sitioned. They should give a good view of the rear area so that
there is no need to twist the body with respect to the normal
working position.
• If the rear-view mirrors are displaced or broken during work,
stop the machine immediately and reposition or substitute
them.
• Working without a view of the area behind the machine could RWA24650
lead to a risk of knocking down people who have carelessly

entered the working area, or of colliding with stationary objects
or other moving vehicles.
26
SAFETY MEASURES
1.8 PREVENTION OF FIRE FROM FUEL

AND OIL
Fuel, oil and certain types of anti-freeze liquids catch fire easily if
they come in contact with a naked flame. Fuel is particularly in-
flammable, and therefore very dangerous.
• Keep naked flames away from inflammable fluids.
• Switch off the engine and refrain from smoking while refuel-
ling.
• Always refuel or fill up with oil in well-ventilated areas and with
RWA00970
the engine switched off.
• Keep a well-demarcated area for refuelling operations, and do
not allow unauthorised people in the vicinity.
• Hold the delivery nozzle firmly while refuelling, and keep it in
steady contact with the tank orifice until delivery is complete,
to prevent sparks from static electricity.
• Fasten the safety caps of the fuel and oil tanks very carefully
once refuelling is completed.
• Do not fill the tank completely, but leave a space for fuel ex-
pansion.
• Mop up any spilled fuel immediately.
RWA00980
1.9 PREVENTION OF BURNS OR SCALD-

ING
• If the engine coolant, the engine oil, or the hydraulic oil are hot,
use thick rags and put on gloves, heavy clothing and safety
goggles before carrying out checks or touching heated areas.
• Before checking the level of the coolant, switch off the engine
and wait until the liquid has cooled down.
If a check is needed because of engine overheating, slowly un-
screw the radiator cap to release residual pressure before re-
moving the cap.
RWA00990
Hot liquid spraying out could cause severe burns or scalding.
• Before checking on the levels of the engine oil and the hydrau-
lic circuit oil, switch off the engine and allow the oil to cool
down.
Hot oil spraying out of the tank could cause severe burns or
scalding.
27
SAFETY MEASURES
1.10 PREVENTION OF ASBESTOS DUST

CONTAMINATION
• When inhaled, asbestos dust is extremely harmful to health.
• If it is discovered that the material to be moved contains as-
bestos fibres, take the following precautions:
1 - When cleaning the machine, work in a wellventilated envi-
ronment, and do not use compressed air, but only vacuum
cleaners.
2 - For thorough cleansing use water at low pressure to reduce
to a minimum any risk of raising dust. RWA01000
3 - If possible, operate the machine downwind (i.e., with your

back to the wind) in order to avoid exposure to the dust as
far as possible.
4 - Use an approved and authorised breathing mask even if
the cab provides efficient protection.
5 - All dust salvaged during the cleaning operation should be
damped down, placed in a sealed container and clearly
marked, for safe disposal according to the regulations in
force.
RWA01010
1.11 PREVENTION OF INJURY CAUSED

BY WORKING EQUIPMENT
• Do not stand in or enter the working reach of the equipment,
even if there is an Operator on board and the engine is run-
ning.
• Do not stand or work beneath the booms or joints when the
booms are raised, without having first checked that the regula-
tion safety devices have been applied.
• Do not carry out any operations that necessitate raising the
machine booms before having checked that the safety devices RWA01020
are correctly positioned and have secured the booms.
28
SAFETY MEASURES
1.12 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND FIRST

AID
• Check the presence and positioning of the fire extinguishers.
• Check periodically that the extinguishers are loaded and that
the instructions for use are clear.
• It is important to know where the first aid kit is kept.
• Make a periodic check that the first aid kit is supplied with dis-
infectants, bandages, medicines, etc.
• It is important to know what to do in the event of a fire. RWA01030
• Make sure that the telephone numbers of people or organisa-

tions competent to intervene in a case of emergency are kept
in a safe and easily accessible place (either the working site or
the maintenance bay).
1.13 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS CAB STRUCTURE

• If, during work, the cab is accidentally struck, or the machine overturns, the cab might well be damaged and its
rigidity reduced, thus also reducing the active protection that it should provide for the Operator.
Consult Komatsu Utility or your Agent for a check-up on the structure and resistance of the cab after each acci-
dental knock or damage.
1.14 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS EQUIPMENT

• When optional equipment is installed and used, read carefully the relative operating manual and keep strict ly
to the instructions contained in it.
• Do not use optional or special equipment without the prior agreement of Komatsu Utility or their Agent.
Mounting and using equipment not authorised by Komatsu Utility might create safety problems and harmful
side-effects both for working efficiency and the life-span of the machine.
• Komatsu Utility cannot accept responsibility for any damage, accident, or diminished efficiency of the machine,
due to use of non-authorised equipment.
29
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
30
PRECAUTIONS
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE STARTING UP THE ENGINE
2. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE STARTING UP THE

ENGINE
2.1 ON-SITE SAFETY
• Before starting up the engine, make a careful check of the con-
ditions in the working area in order to identify any unusual
states of the ground which might make the job dangerous.
• After examining the working area, and before starting the en-
gine, study the work-plan and the proposed method of opera-
tion.
• If possible, before starting work, level the area involved in the
day’s work-program.
• When working on a road, designate someone to regulate the
traffic, both pedestrian and motorised, and set up some sort of
fencing around the perimeter of the working area.
• If there are water or gas mains, telephone lines, or high-volt-
age power lines below ground in the working area, contact the
Authorities concerned in order to establish the precise loca-
tion, or to have the lines cut off completely until work is com-
RWA00220
pleted. Take the greatest care not to break through or damage
these mains circuits.
• If it is necessary to work in water or on the banks of a river,
make a careful check of the depth of the water, and the
strength and direction of the current.
2.2 FIRE PREVENTION

• Carefully remove small pieces of wood, remains of rubbish,
paper and other inflammable items which might have collected
in the engine housing, because they could constitute a fire
hazard.
• Check fuel pipes and the hydraulic circuit tubing for leaks, and
if any are found, repair them immediately. Thoroughly clean up
any traces of leaked fuel, oil or inflammable fluids.
• Ensure that fire extinguishers are placed in and around the
working area. RWA01040
2.3 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS THE OPERATOR’S CAB

• Do not store any articles or tools in the cab. They may obstruct the brake mechanism and lead to serious acci-
dents.
• Keep the floor of the cab and the controls (steering wheels and levers) free of any trace of oil or grease and, es-
pecially in the case of the floor, free of any excessive amount of dirt (earth, grit, etc.).
• Check the safety belt and replace it as soon as it becomes broken or damaged.
Replace it with an identical model, obtainable from Komatsu Utility or their Agents.
• Always ensure that the lock of the right hand door, considered to be the emergency exit is open.
32
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE STARTING UP THE ENGINE
2.4 VENTILATION OF ENCLOSED AREAS

• Before starting up the engine in narrow or enclosed spaces,
provide adequate ventilation or connect the exhaust pipe to
some exterior outlet.
Engine exhaust gases can be fatal.
RWA01050
2.5 CLEANING WINDOWS, MIRRORS AND HEADLIGHTS CHECKING

WINDSCREEN-WIPER BLADES, LAMPS
• Remove every trace of grime from the surface of cabin windows and headlights, and clean the rear-view mir-
rors. This provides a clearer view of the working area.
• Adjust the rear-view mirrors, if they have been moved, to give the Operator in the driving seat a clear view be-
hind the machine.
If one of the mirrors is cracked, replace it with a new one.
• Check that the driving lights, the brake lights, the direction indication lights and the working flood-lights are all
functioning perfectly.
If necessary, replace any burnt out lamps with new ones, making sure that they are of the same strength as the
specified value.
• Check the condition of the windscreen-wiper blades. The scraping edge should be straight and smooth, and
perfectly attached to the rubber blade.
If there is any doubt about the efficiency of the scraping edge, replace the entire blade.
33
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE WORKING
3. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE WORKING

3.1 WHEN STARTING UP THE ENGINE
• Before entering the machine, walk round it and take careful note of the people or objects that are in its direct
path.
• Do not start the engine if special warning notices have been attached to the steering wheel or to the control le-
vers.
• When starting the engine, activate the horn for a moment to alert anyone in the vicinity.
• Do not start the engine before you are seated with the safety belt buckled.
• Do not allow anyone else to climb onto the machine or to enter the cab.
3.2 REGULATIONS GOVERNING ROAD TRAVEL

• This machine is equipped with multi-function safety devices which can be used both during maintenance work
and while driving on the road.
• When road travel becomes necessary:
1 - Position the safety device of the front bucket so that the shovel remains just above the ground, thus provid-
ing maximum visibility and maximum stability to the machine.
2 - Attach the anti-rotation bracket to the front bucket and fasten it with safety clips.
3 - Cover the teeth of the front bucket with their protective shield.
4 - Raise the 1° backhoe boom until the safety stop engages.
The 2° boom and the bucket must be completely folded and rotated.
5 - The backhoe must be rotated and close up against the frame.
This gives small overall dimensions which allow for easy road transport on narrow roads or tracks and is the
only legal configuration for road transport in Italy.
6 - For a journey with the backhoe folded in, the group must be traversed on its guides so that it faces towards
the centre of the road behind the safety bracket, and with the bucket facing towards the side of the road.
7 - Block the backhoe with the anti-rotation knuckle-pin.
8 - Hook up the safety chains for the shackles.
9 - Activate the safety locks on the control levers for the front bucket and the backhoe. For the positions see
«10. SAFETY DEVICES».
• The frames must be free to oscillate for road transport.
• When driving on the road observe the highway code and switch on the revolving beacon light.
• Turn the working floodlights off when driving on the road.
34
3.3 CHECKS BEFORE MOVING THE MA-

CHINE IN REVERSE GEAR
• When working in areas that may present hazards, or where
visibility is poor, designate someone to regulate the move-
ments of the machine, and the movements of other vehicles, if
any.
• Before starting to move the machine, activate the horn to alert
people in the vicinity of the working area.
• Someone might be behind the machine in the «blind spot»,
i.e., not visible in the rear-view mirrors. RWA24650
Before starting to move in reverse gear, it is very important to

make certain that there is noone in that area.
3.4 MACHINE MOVEMENT RYA19330
• When the machine is in motion, position the front shovel about

40÷50 cm from the ground. This is the best position for evalu-
ating obstacles and at the same time guarantees machine sta-
bility. 40÷50 cm
• If the control lever for the front shovel must be used while the
machine is in motion, try not to shift it too sharply. Rapid move-
ments alter the trim of the machine too suddenly, and make it
difficult to steer.
• When moving over uneven terrain, advance slowly and avoid
rapid movements of the shovel boom.
• If the machine is obliged to pass over high obstacles while
moving, keep the front equipment as low as possible and ad-
vance very slowly to avoid overstraining the axles, the tires
and the articulation.
35
3.5 WORKING ON SLOPES RYA19340
• If working on a slope, on hillsides, or on the banks of rivers or

lakes, and the soil is damp, the machine could skid or over-
turn.
• Never work with the bucket downhill from the engine. 20÷30 cm
• On slopes, hillsides and banks, keep the shovel very low
(20÷30 cm from the ground) and in an emergency lower it rap-
idly to the ground to help the machine to come to a halt.
• Do not change direction on a slope and, if possible, avoid trav-
elling at an angle. It is preferable to traverse above or below a
slope.
• Do not travel over very damp meadows or over thick layers of
dead leaves, which may cause the machine to skid if it is mov- WRONG
ing at an angle.
• Before working on a slope, always test the reliability of the
brakes and select the working speed for the reduction gear.
• Never descend a slope with the machine in neutral; it may lead
to loss of control of the machine and cause serious injury or
death.
• Do not disconnect the reduction gear with the switch on the
lateral dashboard.
• When descending a slope, using the gear lever select the slow RWA24690
working gear so that the engine acts as a brake and holds

back the machine preventing the brakes from overloading.
• If the fuel gauge enters the reserve (red) area when you are CORRECT
working on a slope, refuel the machine immediately. Given the
angle at which the machine is working, the engine could take
in air and stall unexpectedly. This could put the Operator and
any people downhill from the machine at great risk.
• If the engine does stall unexpectedly, immediately lower the
shovel, stop the machine, and put the hand-brake on.
RWA24800
36
3.6 PREVENTION OF ELECTROCUTION

• Digging in the vicinity of power cables represents a serious hazard that could cause death by electrocution. For
this reason, when working near overhead lines, observe the minimum safety distances specified by the Author-
ities and the accident prevention laws in force on this subject.
• As far as underground power cables are concerned, the minimum distance is determined by the outer sheath-
ing of the pipelines in which the cables have been laid.
• The minimum preventive measures to be taken in the face of this hazard are:
1 - Wear shoes with heavy soles of rubber or leather.
2 - Seek the assistance of someone who, placed in the best possible position, can communicate with the Oper-
ator and give him directions to ensure that no part of the machine makes contact with the power cables.
3 - Work slowly.
4 - Learn the first aid procedures for a case of electrocution.
5 - Keep the telephone numbers of both the local Electricity Board and the nearest First Aid Post in a handy
and visible place.
• If by any chance the machine does make contact with power cables, the Operator must remain immobile in the
cab until the local Electricity Board can be contacted to cut the supply of power to that line.
• Warn all people in the area to keep a safe distance from the machine and all the working equipment.
DANGER
For indicative purposes only, follow the data given in the table below.
Minimum distance
Voltage in the cables
to be kept
1.0 kV (supply lines) 5m
6.6 kV (2÷3 insulators) 5.2 m
33 kV (min. 3 insulators) 5.5 m
66 kV (min. 6 insulators) 6m
154 kV (min. 10 insulators) 8m
275 kV (min. 19 insulators) 10 m
37
3.7 VISIBILITY
• Do not hesitate to switch on the driving lights or the working flood-lights once visibility becomes poor.
• If visibility is decreasing due to fog, smoke or heavy rain, stop the machine in a safe place and wait for condi-
tions of visibility to improve.
3.8 WORKING ON FROZEN OR SNOW-COVERED GROUND

• If the ground is frozen or snow-covered, the machine cannot respond accurately to the steering commands
transmitted through the steering-wheel.
To limit the danger inherent in the reduction in steering efficiency:
1 - Select the working gear for the reduction gear.
2 - Use the accelerator very gently and gradually when moving forwards.
3 - Brake very gently and only after having reduced speed as much as possible through the engine.
4 - Avoid at all costs sudden braking, rapid acceleration, and abrupt steering manoeuvres or tight corners.
• If the machine is being used to shovel snow or even as a snow-plough on the road (using the appropriate op-
tional equipment and chains if necessary), take care not to run off the road and keep a look-out for any buried
obstacles (kerbstones, milestones, signals at asphalt level, etc.).
3.9 PREVENTION OF DAMAGE CAUSED BY MACHINE EQUIPMENT

• When working in tunnels, galleries, beneath electricity cables or other conduits (air ducts, telephone cables), or
where height is in any case limited, take the greatest care that the shovel, booms or bucket of the backhoe do
no damage to these installations.
3.10 WORKING ON LOOSE OR PLOUGHED SOIL

• Avoid using the machine on soft shoulders, edges, overhangs or the rims of ditches.
These are all surfaces that might give way and cause the machine to fall or overturn, leading to serious injury or
death.
It is as well to remember that these dangerous conditions are exacerbated by rainfall and earth tremors.
• Soil laid down on the rim of ditches can give way very easily. This subsidence may be caused either by the
weight of the machine or by the vibrations that it transmits to the terrain.
Take great care; always close the cab doors and fasten your safety belt.
38
3.11 PARKING THE MACHINE RYA19350
• Park the machine on firm level ground. If this is not possible,

and parking on a slope is obligatory, park with the front shovel
pointing downhill and carry out the following operations:
1 - Holding the machine on the normal brakes, put the hand-
brake on and block the machine.
2 - Tip the front shovel into its unloading position and lower the
booms until the teeth dig into the ground.
3 - Do the same thing with the backhoe bucket.
4 - Switch off the engine.
5 - Place wedges or safety blocks beneath the front and back
wheels.
• Always lower the working equipment to the ground. If the ma-
chine must be parked with the booms raised, always fasten the
safety devices.
• Always engage the safety locks on the control levers.
• When leaving the machine, always put the handbrake on,
check that all cab windows are tightly closed, remove the igni-
tion key, and finally lock the door.
• If it is necessary to park on public roads, leave some warning
of the encumbrance, in accordance with local custom, (leaving
the parking lights on, putting up some barrier, a «work in RYA19360
progress» sign, signs for alternating traffic, directional arrows,

etc.).
RYA19370
RYA19380
RYA19390
39
TRANSPORTING THE MACHINE ON ANOTHER VEHICLE
4. TRANSPORTING THE MACHINE ON ANOTHER VEHICLE

4.1 LOADING AND UNLOADING
• Loading and unloading the machine onto and off another vehi-
cle always involves some element of danger. Use the greatest Ramps
care throughout the operation.
• Perform the loading and unloading manoeuvres on solid flat
ground. Keep a safe distance from the edge of ditches or from
the road.
• If properly equipped vehicles are not being used, place sup-
Blocks
porting blocks underneath the ramps to avoid bending.
Max.15 Blocks
• Always block the wheels of the transporting vehicle with wedg- RWA00240
es.
• Use ramps that are sufficiently wide and capable of supporting
the weight of the machine, positioned with the longitudinal ax-
es parallel to each other and perpendicular to the loading
edge, and make sure that the distance between them is ad-
justed to the gauge of the machine.
• Make sure that the ramps are firmly attached to the loading
edge and that they are of equal length.
• Position the ramps at a maximum angle of 15°.
• Check that the ramps have been cleaned of any trace of oil,
grease, soil or ice. Remove all dirt even from the wheels of the
machine, before beginning to load it.
• The machine must be loaded with the shovel tipped forwards,
i.e. in the direction of movement of the vehicle.
• Do not correct steering on the ramps. If some correction is re-
quired, back down from the ramps and find the correct position
before making another attempt.
• After loading, block oscillation of the frame and immobilize the
machine by placing wedges under its wheels and by tying it
laterally with ropes or chains (See «18. TRANSPORTING THE
MACHINE ON ANOTHER VEHICLE»).
4.2 TRANSPORT
• Work out the route to be followed, taking into account the width, height and weight of the transport vehicle and
the machine.
Check that the outer dimensions are compatible with the roads, tunnels, underpasses, bridges, power and tele-
phone lines, etc. by which the load must pass.
• Take note of the regulations in force concerning permissible width, height, weight and speed of the transport.
40
BATTERY
5. BATTERY
5.1 PREVENTION OF RISKS DERIVING
FROM THE BATTERY
• Electrolytic batteries contain sulphuric acid which can burn
and, if splashed onto clothing, will corrode the material enough
to make holes in it. If you become contaminated with this acid,
wash the area immediately with plenty of water.
• If battery acid gets into the eyes it can cause blindness.
If acid accidentally gets into the eyes, wash them immediately RWA01060
with plenty of fresh water and consult a doctor as soon as pos-

sible.
• If you accidentally swallow some battery acid, drink plenty of
WRONG
water, milk, beaten egg white or vegetable oil, or anti-acids
such as magnesium, bicarbonate of soda, etc. Call a doctor
urgently, or go yourself at once to a poison-treatment centre.
• When working with batteries, always wear safety goggles.
• Batteries produce hydrogen which is highly explosive and
catches fire easily from sparks or naked flames.
• Before working on the batteries, switch off the engine and re-
move the ignition key.
RWA01080
• Avoid short-circuiting the battery, even accidentally, by con-
necting the terminals to metallic objects or tools, or by invert-
ing the terminals.
• Screw the terminal clamps down tightly. Loose terminals can
cause sparks which could lead to explosion of the battery.
RWA01180
5.2 STARTING THE ENGINE WITH AUXIL-

IARY CABLES
• When starting up the machine with auxiliary cables, always
wear safety goggles.
• When starting up the engine from another vehicle, do not allow
the two machines to touch each other.
• When connecting the auxiliary cables, make sure that the pos-
itive (+) cable is connected first. Once the engine has fired,
disconnect first the negative, or earthed cable (-), and then the
positive cable (+). RWA01190
• Connect the batteries in parallel: positive with positive and

negative with negative.
• When connecting the earthed cable to the chassis of the ma-
chine to be started, make this connection as far away as possi-
ble from the battery. (See «23.2 IF THE BATTERY IS FLAT»).
41
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN TOWING THE MACHINE
6. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN TOWING THE MACHINE

• The towing hook serves exclusively for emergency rescue and
not for towing on the road.
• Before moving the machine place it in neutral and disconnect
the reduction gear.
• Serious damage or death can result from improperly executed
manoeuvres.
F
• Use sufficiently strong steel cables for rescue operations. Do
not use cables that show signs of wear or broken strands.
• During the rescue operation no-one should approach either F
the machine or the cable. RYA19440
• Do not stand astride the cable.

• Move the machine just far enough to carry out any necessary
repairs, but no further.
CAUTION
• The maximum force applicable to each towing hook is
5700 kg.
• Place cables of equal length and exert the traction in a
continuous and constant manner avoiding any sudden
jerks.
• Exert traction parallel to the axis of motion of the machine F
RYA19450
in order to avoid lateral strains on the towing hooks.
F
RYA19460
42
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING MAINTENANCE
7. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING MAINTENANCE

7.1 WARNING NOTICES
• Before starting any maintenance work, safety devices should
be applied to the equipment and on the control levers. The ma-
chine should be positioned on level ground and the hand-
brake should be on.
• If other people start up the engine and operate the control le- DO NOT
vers while maintenance operations are in progress, there is a START
risk of serious injury or death. ENGINE
• In order to avoid these risks, before starting maintenance
work, hang warning notices on the steering wheel, the ignition RWA01210
key and the control levers. If it is felt to be necessary, also at-
tach warning notices around the machine itself, and in particu-
lar on the cab door-handle.
7.2 TOOLS
• Use only the tools provided with the machine and high quality
tools.
• In order to prevent physical injury, throw away all worn out,
damaged, poor quality or improvised tools.
• After use, carefully clean all equipment and return it to the
storage area located above the right hand mud guard.
RWA01310
RYA19470
7.3 PERSONNEL
• Maintenance should be carried out only by authorised and trained personnel. Each person must take his own
specific precautions when grinding, welding, or using a sledgehammer or other heavy hammers.
• When assembling the connecting pins for equipment or cylinders, use a soft material such as wood or plastic,
to check the alignment of the holes.
Do not use fingers, because there is always a potential risk of amputation.
43
7.4 EQUIPMENT
• All normal or special equipment belonging to the machine
should be stored in a safe place when not in use, and in such a
way that it cannot fall. If it does fall, it could do someone a seri-
ous injury.
• When equipment needs to be installed or dismantled ensure
that cables and lifting hooks are in a good state of repair and
that their size correspond to the weight they will lift.
RWA01320
7.5 WORKING UNDER THE MACHINE

• Always lower the work equipment to the ground or in any case
to their lowest position before performing service or repairs un-
der the machine.
• Always lock the machine tyres securely.
• Do not work under the machine, if this is not sufficiently sup-
ported.
RWA02520
7.6 KEEPING THE MACHINE CLEAN

• Smears of oil or grease, tools or broken bits and pieces left ly-
ing around are dangerous because they could cause people to
stumble and fall.
Always keep the machine and the working area clean and tidy.
• For cleaning the machine use a jet of hot water or steam and
commercial brands of detergent. Do not use diesel oil, petrol
or solvents because the first materials leave an oily film that at-
tracts dust, and solvents (even if weak) will damage the paint
work thus favouring the formation of rust.
RWA01330
• If a jet of water penetrates inside electrical apparatus, in addi-
tion to causing oxidation of the contact points, it could also
hamper the start-up of the machine or even lead to unexpect-
ed or sudden start-up.
For this reason jets of water or steam should not be used on
the sensors or switches, or inside the cab.
7.7 RUNNING THE ENGINE DURING MAINTENANCE

• During maintenance work the engine should only be run when absolutely necessary. If the engine must be
turned over (for instance, in order to wash the coolant circuit or during a check on the efficiency of the alterna-
tor), we recommend that someone remains near to the driving seat to switch off the engine whenever neces-
sary.
• During maintenance work, while the engine is running, never disengage the safety-locks on the control levers
from their blocked position, and never change the position of the gear lever.
• It is imperative that the maintenance crew should never move any control lever.
44
7.8 RULES TO BE FOLLOWED DURING

FUEL OR OIL TOPPING UP
• Spilled fuel or oil make the ground slippery and may cause ac-
cidents; clean any dirty area immediately and carefully.
• Always tighten the fuel tank and hydraulic circuit oil safety
caps securely.
• Do not use fuel to clean any part of the machine that may be
dirty with oil or dust.
• Always top up the fuel and oil tanks in properly ventilated place
RWA00970
and avoid smoking.
• When refuelling, hold the fuel gun firmly and keep it constantly
in contact with the filler until you have finished, in order to
avoid sparks due to static electricity.
• Do not fill the tank completely, in order to leave room for the fu-
el to expand.
RWA00980
7.9 LEVEL OF COOLANT IN RADIATOR

• When the level of the coolant fluid needs checking, first allow
the engine and the radiator to cool down.
• If the radiator cap must be removed while the engine is still
hot, wear suitable clothing and protection, and loosen the cap
slowly in order to release pressure gradually.
RWA01340
7.10 USE OF LAMPS

• When checking the levels of fuel, oil, coolant, and battery flu-
ids, use only and exclusively authorised anti-explosion lamps.
If this type of lamp is not used, fires and explosions may result.
RWA01350
45
7.11 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN REMOVAL

USING THE BATTERY AND THE AL-
TERNATOR
• When carrying out repairs to the electrical system, first discon- 1 2
nect the battery in order to cut off the flow of current.
☞ IMPORTANT
• First disconnect the negative earth cable (-) and then the
positive cable (+).
On completion of the work, first reconnect the positive ca- RWA01370
ble (+), and finally the negative cable (-).
• If electric welding has to be performed on the machine, as well

as disconnecting the battery disconnect the alternator.
RYAA0810
7.12 PRECAUTIONS CONCERNING THE

STARTER
• Do not start the engine by tampering with the starter terminals,
since the machine may move.
• Sudden or accidental movements of the machine may cause
serious injuries or even death.
RWA04890
RWAA0850
RWAA0850
46
7.13 HANDLING THE HIGH-PRESSURE TUBES

• Do not bend high-pressure tubes or rub them with abrasive or sharp objects.
Do not use rigid, bent, or cracked tubes or flexible tubing that has previously been rejected due to leaks or con-
nection defects, because they could burst during operation.
• Always repair or replace any fuel or oil tube that has become loose or defective. Any fuel or oil leakage could
cause a fire.
7.14 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN AT DANGEROUS!

HIGH PRESSURE
• Do not forget that the working circuits are always under pres-
sure. Therefore, when hydraulic oil is to be added or drained,
or some maintenance or an inspection of the hydraulic circuit
to be made, first lower the equipment to the ground, and then
completely release the pressures and any residual pressure in
the tank.
Leakages from tubes under pressure and spraying fluids that
escape from them are highly dangerous and harmful because
they can perforate the skin and penetrate into the blood RWA01480
stream, or enter the eyes.

Thick gloves and safety goggles must therefore always be
worn during such inspections. Use a piece of carton or a sheet CORRECT
of plywood to contain the leakages.
If struck by a jet of high-pressure oil, or even if only slightly in-
jured, consult a doctor immediately for medication and appro-
priate treatments.
RWA01580
7.15 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN

CARRYING OUT MAINTENANCE
WORK AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
AND HIGH PRESSURE
• When the machine comes to a halt on completion of a job, the
engine coolant fluid, the oil, and all parts of the engine are hot
and the hydraulic circuit is under pressure.
If it becomes necessary in these conditions to drain the cool-
ant fluid, the hydraulic oil or the engine oil in order to change
them, or to replace the filters, there will be several sources of RWA00990
danger including severe burns.
Carry out this maintenance, and the procedures described in
the section of this manual dealing with maintenance, only
when the temperatures have returned to within normal param-
eter limits (40÷45°C).
47
7.16 COOLING BELTS AND FAN

• Watch out for rotating parts and do not allow anyone else to
approach, in case they get caught up.
• If hands, clothing or tools do get caught up in the fan blades or
driving belt, the consequences could be amputation or violent
wrenching, and highly dangerous situations could arise. For
this reason avoid touching, or even brushing against, any ro-
tating parts.
RWA01660
7.17 WASTE MATERIALS

• Do not dispose of used oil in the sewer system, rivers, etc.
• Always put used oil in containers. Never drain the oil directly
onto the ground.
• Keep to the laws and regulations in force when disposing of
harmful substances such as oil, fuel, solvents, used filters and
batteries.
RWA01670
7.18 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN

INFLATING THE TIRES
• Tires can burst explosively while being inflated, giving rise to a
serious accident.
• Before inflating the tires, always check up on the state of the
wheel-rims and the condition of the outer surface of the tires in
order to discover any dents, cuts, lacerations in the reinforcing
cord fabric, or other defects.
• It would be advisable to let a tire expert perform these checks
and similar maintenance. RWA20900
• When inflating the tires use a protective screen and a com-

pressed air gun and extension hose complete with a manome-
ter.
• Before starting to inflate the tires, make sure that there is no-
one in the vicinity, then take up a position to the side of the tire-
tread or outer tire-wall.
• Never exceed the pressures specified for each type of tire and
always check that the pressures of the right-hand tire are
equal to and correspond to the left-hand tire.
48
SAFETY, NOISE AND VIBRATION NOTICES
8. SAFETY, NOISE AND VIBRATION NOTICES

8.1 LOCATION OF SAFETY NOTICES
• Safety notices should always be complete and legible. Should they become smeared with dust, oil or grease,
clean them with a solution of water and detergent.
Do not use fuel, petrol or solvents.
• When the notices are damaged, ask for replacements from Komatsu Utility or their Agents.
• If a part carrying a safety notice is replaced, make sure that the same notice is attached to the new part.
• Other notices can be attached to the machine, in addition to the ones described below. In any case always follow the in-
structions given on these notices.
RYA19480
49
RYA19490
RWA00150 RWA00160
RWA25010
50
8.2 POSITION OF NOISE NOTICES

• The plates indicating the noise levels and acoustic pressure to which the operator is subjected are fitted to the
outside of the left hand cab upright.
RKA17510
51
NOISE OUTSIDE THE CAB

• This value indicates the noise level outside the machine and
refers to the noise perceived by persons in the vicinity of the
work area.
2000/14/EC
FROM 01/01/2006
2000/14/EC
NOISE INSIDE THE CAB

• This value indicates the maximum noise level perceived by the
operator’s ears inside the cab when this is completely closed.
ISO 6396
8.3 VIBRATIONS TO WHICH THE USER IS SUBJECTED

• From the trials carried out to determine the vibrations transmitted by the machine to the user, it was established
that the value subjected to the upper limbs of the user was lower than 2,5 m/sec2 whereas the seated parts are
subjected to a value lower than 0,5 m/sec2.
52
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATIONS
TECHNICAL DATA
9. TECHNICAL DATA
9.1 DIMENSIONS WITH BACKHOE CENTERED
3330
2680
1860 2150 2625 1850
6635
RYA19510
9.2 DIMENSIONS WITH BACKHOE FOLDED

3330
2680
1860 2150 1470 1850

5480
RYA19520
54
TECHNICAL DATA
9.3 DIMENSIONS WITH COUNTERWEIGHT
3000
2680
1860 2150 1130 1850
5140
RYA19530
55
TECHNICAL DATA
9.4 TECHNICAL DATA

MASS
Total minimum mass with backhoe E38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kg 5830
Total maximum mass with backhoe E38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kg 6000
Total minimum mass with ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kg 5850
Total maximum mass with ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kg 6040
CHARACTERISTICS OF STANDARD BUCKETS

Capacity of front bucket (SAE J 742) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m3 0.70
Capacity of backhoe bucket (SAE J 742) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m3 0.10
ENGINE
Aspirated KOMATSU (diesel) mod. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4D98E-1FA
Maximum power (80/1269/CEE at 2500 rpm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .KW 51.1
Maximum torque (80/1269/CEE at 1600 rpm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nm 235
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Starting engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.3 KW - 12V
Alternator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 A - 12V
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Ah - 12V
Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Negative
ROAD SPEED
(Calculated using 335/80 R20 tires and engine at 2500 rpm)
GEARS 1a 2a 3a 4a R1 R2 R3 R4
km/h 4.7 10.4 17.3 38.6 4.7 10.4 17.3 38.6
TIRES
SIZE MAKE INFLATION PRESSURE

405/70 R18 TL — DUNLOP bar 6.50
12.5-20 TG32 10PR DUNLOP bar 3.25
12.5-18 TG32 MPT 12PR DUNLOP bar 3.50
335/80 R20 134G MPT — MICHELIN bar 3.50
12.5-20 MPT TL BARUM bar 3.50
56
TECHNICAL DATA
9.5 LIFTING CAPACITY (STANDARD BOOM)

RYA19540
D
= 5620 Kg
> 1000 Kg
W= 400 mm
E
= 102 Kg X
W
19 MPa
F (190 Bar)
Z
Kg
G
X 3m 3m Max Max
Z
2m 910 875 850 500
A 1m 890 850 825 480
1600 0 875 830 800 450
-1 m 850 800 780 420
2m 760 725 600 390

B 1m 740 700 575 370
Min 0 725 680 550 340
-1 m 700 650 530 310
2m / / 290 250
C 1m / / 280 240
Max 0 520 500 270 230
-1 m 500 475 260 220
A = 2° Standard Boom
B = 2° Telescopic Boom Completely Retracted
C = 2° Telescopic Boom Completely Extended
D = Standard Working Weight
E = Standard Backhoe Bucket (Width and Weight)
F = Backhoe Hydraulic Circuit Operating Pressure
G = Stabilisers Down
H = Frame Oscillation Blocked
57
TECHNICAL DATA
9.6 LIFTING CAPACITY (BOOM WITH TRANSPORTABLE DEVICE)

RYA19550
D
= 5750 Kg
> 1000 Kg
W= 400 mm
E X
= 102 Kg
W
19 MPa
F (190 Bar)
Z
Kg
G
H
X 3m 3m Max Max
Z
2m 810 750 660 375
1m 790 725 650 350
A
1600 0 775 700 630 330
-1 m 750 670 610 310
2m 710 600 500 260

B 1m 690 575 480 250
Min 0 675 550 470 240
-1 m 660 520 460 230
2m / / 200 130
1m / / 190 120
C
Max 0 360 330 180 110
-1 m 350 310 175 100
A = 2° Standard Boom
B = 2° Telescopic Boom Completely Retracted
C = 2° Telescopic Boom Completely Extended
D = Standard Working Weight
E = Standard Backhoe Bucket (Width and Weight)
F = Backhoe Hydraulic Circuit Operating Pressure
G = Stabilisers Down
H = Frame Oscillation Blocked
58
THE MACHINE AND
ITS OPERATIONS
SAFETY DEVICES
10. SAFETY DEVICES
DANGER
• If it is necessary to carry out maintenance work or stop the machine with the shovel boom raised, al-
ways fasten the mechanical safety device and block the control lever.
• When travelling on the road, always fasten the mechanical safety device and block the control lever in
order to hold the position of the front shovel steady, and always mount its anti-rotation clamp and the
tooth shield.
• When travelling on the road, or when the backhoe is not needed, always hook up the boom to the safety
clamp, fold back the arm and the bucket completely and block the rotation mechanism and the control
lever.
• Failure to observe these precautions can lead to the equipment lowering or rotating unexpectedly and
causing a serious accident.
10.1 SAFETY DEVICES FOR THE LOAD-

ING SHOVEL A
• The boom of the loading shovel is equipped with two safety 1
devices which perform two distinct functions:
a) DEVICE (1) the position of the boom when the machine is
under- going checks on the forward bridge, on the side of 5
the tires and while inspections and maintenance is carried
out with the boom lifted (A).
b) DEVICE (2) the position of the boom when the machine is
traveling on the road (B).
• It must be remembered that while the machine is at work the
safety device should be positioned behind the boom (C-D)
and held in place by the safety pins (3 -4).
RYA19560
B C
2 2
3
RYA19570 RYA19580
60
SAFETY DEVICES
D
☞ IMPORTANT
• The safety devices (1 and 2) must always lie snugly 1
5
against the shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, to whose top it
is attached.
• The safety devices must attain their final positions close
to the support surfaces in a very slow, smooth move-
ment, to avoid damaging the surface of the cylinder head. 4
• When the safety device (1) is in its final position secure it
with the strip (5). RYA19590
• Other uses of the safety devices involve:

a) When engaging the safety lock on the control lever of the
front shovel (6).
b) When fitting the rotation lock of the front shovel (7).
c) When fitting the tooth-protection shield (8).
RYA19600
RYA19610
RYA19620
61
SAFETY DEVICES
10.2 SAFETY DEVICES FOR THE BACK-

HOE 1
• The backhoe is fitted with two safety locks as follows:
a) LOCK (1) for locking the downwards movement of the 1°
boom.
b) LOCK (2) for locking the rotation of the 1° boom.
2
Proceed as follows to apply the locks:
1 - Close the bucket and the 2° boom completely.
2 - Raise the 1° boom completely and insert the safety stop
RYA19630
(1).
3 - Turn the 1° boom and insert the rotation stop (2).
4 - Stop the engine and move the levers (3) to settle the stops.
• The other backhoe locks are as follows: 1
2
a) The control lever lock (4).
b) The stabilisers are locked with chains (5).
RYA19640
RYA19650
3
3
RYA19660 RYA19670
62
GENERAL VIEWS
11. GENERAL VIEWS

11.1 GENERAL FRONT VIEW
8 4
BACK
9
2
RIGHT
1
5
6 7
LEFT
11
10
FORWARD
RYA21670
1 - Front bucket 7 - Rear frame

2 - Bucket lifting boom 8 - Steering cylinder
3 - Bucket tipping cylinder 9 - Front frame
4 - Cab 10 - Raising cylinder
5 - Rear axle 11 - Front axle
6 - Fuel tank
63
GENERAL VIEWS
11.2 GENERAL VIEW OF BACKHOE FROM THE SIDE
3
4
6
RIGHT
9
11
1
13 8 10
12 LEFT
FORWARD
RYA21770
1 - Bucket 8 - Stabiisers
2 - Bucket cylinder 9 - Guides for backhoe traversee
3 - Arm 10 - Backhoe blocking cylinder
4 - Boom 11 - Boom rotation cylinderio
5 - Arm cylindero 12 - Sliding plate
6 - Boom cylinder 13 - Swivelling support
7 - Hydraulic oil tank
64
GENERAL VIEWS
11.3 GENERAL VIEW OF THE INSIDE OF THE CAB
1 - Gear lever / Selection of

direction of movement
3 2 - Adjustable steering wheel
3 - Dashboard
2 5 4 - Direction indicator -
Headlight beam dipper
6 5 - Shovel lever control
6 - Differential block
1 4
7 - Hydraulic transmission neutral button
12 8 - Accelerator pedal
7 9 - Brake pedal
11 10 - Inching pedal
10 9 8 11 - Steering wheel blocking adjuster
12 - 4 in 1 bucket control lever (if fitted)
RYA19680
1 - Cab switch unit

2 - Boom and rotation lever control (KOMATSU system con-
trol)
2 - Arm and rotation lever control (ISO system control)
3 - Left stabilizer lever control
4 - Right stabilizer lever control
5 - Arm and shovel lever control (KOMATSU system control)
5 - Boom and shovel lever control (ISO system control) 1
6 - Traversing blocking lever
RYA19690
7 - Hand brake
8 - Manual accelerator
9 - Side dashboard
7
5
2
8
3 4
RYA19700
9
RYA19710
65
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS
12. INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS

12.1 INSTRUMENTS, WARNING LIGHTS AND PUSH-BUTTONS
12.1.1 INSTRUMENTS
1 2 3
RYA19730
1 - Fuel level indicator

2 - Rev. counter - Hour counter
3 - Engine coolant thermometer
1 - FUEL LEVEL INDICATOR

Shows the level of fuel in the tank. Indication only given with igni-
tion key in position « » (See position 20).
RYA20750
66
2 - REV. COUNTER - HOUR COUNTER

A combined instrument indicating engine revs with a needle, and
operating hours shown in the lower windows.
The reading can be used as a guide to the intervals between
maintenance operations.
RYA20760
3 - ENGINE COOLANT THERMOMETER

This shows the temperature of the engine coolant fluid which
should normally be between 80÷85°C.
RYA20770
67
12.1.2 WARNING LIGHTS
11 10 5 4
12
13 14 15 7
9 8 6
RYA21630
4 - Generator warning light

5 - Preheater insertion indicator
6 - Low engine oil pressure warning light
7 - Cloger air filter warning light
8 - Hydrostatic transmission filter obstruction indicator
9 - Direction indicator light
10 - Headlight dip indicator
11 - Position and headlight dip indicator
12 - Hand brake insertion and brake fluid level indicator 16 17 RYA19770
13 - Differential blocking indicator
14 - Low gear insertion indicator
15 - High gear insertion indicator
16 - Reducer gear disconnection indicator
17 - Reducer gear disconnection permissive indicator
68
4 - GENERATOR WARNING LIGHT

This light comes on when voltage reaches the starting motor,
and goes out once the engine reaches idling speed. If this light
stays on once the engine is running normally, it means that the
alternator is not working efficiently and that the batteries are not
charging correctly.
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the warning light stays off when the ignition key is
turned to pos. « » it means that the alternator is defective
RWA07150
or broken. In this case the engine will not fire even if the
gear lever is in neutral.
5 - PREHEATER INSERTION INDICATOR

Turns on when the key is switched to the position « » for ignition
at low temperatures (See «15.2.2 START-UP WITH COLD EN-
GINE OR IN COLD CLIMATE»).
RWA07160
6 - LOW ENGINE OIL PRESSURE WARNING

LIGHT
This warning light comes on before the engine is started and ac-
tivates an acoustic alarm when the starter circuit is switched on,
but goes out as soon as the engine lubrication system is normal.
If this warning light stays on or comes on while the engine is run-
ning, stop the engine immediately and look for the fault.
RWA07130
7 - CLOGGED AIR FILTER WARNING LIGHT

This light comes on when the engine air filter needs cleaning.
RWA31710
69
8 - HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSION FILTER OB-

STRUCTION INDICATOR
If it switches on during normal working conditions, it is neces-
sary to change the cartridge; if it switches on for a few minutes
during a cold start it is necessary to warm the hydraulic oil (See
«15.4 WARMING UP THE HYDRAULIC OIL»).
RWA22340
9 - DIRECTION INDICATOR LIGHT

Flashes intermittently when the lever (23) is activated or when
the switch is turned to position 21 (EMERGENCY).
RWA20200
10 - HEADLIGHT DIP INDICATOR

Turns on when the headlight dip is switched on by means of the
headlight dip switch pos. 23.
RWA20220
11 - POSITION AND HEADLIGHT DIP INDICATOR

Turns on when light switch pos. 23 for the position lights (power
to light circuit) and headlight dip is activated.
RYA20790
70
12 - HAND BRAKE INSERTION AND BRAKE FLU-

ID LEVEL INDICATOR
Shows the insertion of the hand brake and the reduction in the
level of the brake fluid; should the latter occur, stop the machine
and top up the fluid. If this should recur frequently, check the
braking circuit and eliminate the cause.
P
RWA20230
13 - DIFFERENTIAL BLOCKING INDICATOR

Turns on when the differential is blocked with the forward switch
of the control lever (see «12.2.1/7 DIFFERENTIAL BLOCKING
SWITCH»).
RYA20800
14 - LOW GEAR INSERTION INDICATOR

Turns on when the sensor installed on the reduction gear reads
the correct working gear, obtained using switch 22.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Before traversing the machine, make sure the indicator is
on.
RWA18430
15 - HIGH GEAR INSERTION INDICATOR

Turns on when the sensor on the reduction gear detects the cor-
rect gear for the transfer speed, obtained by using switch 22.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Before traversing the machine, make sure the indicator is
on.
RWA18440
71
16 - REDUCTION GEAR DISCONNECTION INDI-

CATOR
Shows the neutral position obtained with switch 32.
☞ IMPORTANT
• The indicator must be turned on when the machine needs
to be removed for repair, for movement of the machine
with the backhoe, or for moving the machine with the ma-
chine in neutral.
RYA2073
17 - REDUCER GEAR DISCONNECTION PERMIS-

SIVE INDICATOR
Before disconnecting the reducer gear with switch pos. 32, en-
sure that this indicator is on (see «12.2.1/9 REDUCER GEAR
DISCONNECTION SWITCH»).
When re-connecting the reducer gear, make sure that the gear
lever is in neutral (see «12.2.1/1 GEAR LEVER»).
RYA2073
72
12.1.3 PUSH-BUTTONS AND SWITCHES
20
21
19
18
RYA21640
18 - Optional equipment switches

19 - Frame oscillation blocking switch
20 - Starting switch
21 - Emergency light switch
22 - Reduction gear speed selection switch
23 - Direction indicator, headlight beam dipper, horn,
and switches lights
22
RYA19740
23
RYA19760
73
24 - Front windscreen-wiper switch

25 - Front working floodlight switch 25 27 29
26 - Rotating beam switch
27 - Rear working floodlight switch
28 - Rear windscreen - wiper switch
29 - Spare push-button 24 26 28
30 - Ventilator switch
31 - Horn (backhoe)
32 - Disconnection of reducer switch
RYA19750
30
31 32
RYA21650
74
18 - OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT SWITCHES

A - Loader safety valves switch
B - 6 way-valve switch
C - Hydraulic hand hammer switch
A B C
RYA20810
RYA20820
RYA20830
RYA20840
75
19 - FRAME OSCILLATION BLOCKING SWITCH

This switch blocks frame oscillation (the indicator turns on) for
levelling work and transport and when working with the backhoe
at 90°.
Pressing it a second time unblocks frame oscillation (the indica-
tor turns off).
See «12.2.1/10 FRAME OSCILLATION BLOCKING SWITCH».
RWA20260
20 - STARTING SWITCH
Three position key-activated switch marked with the positions
« » (OFF) - « » - « » (START).
See «15.2 STARTING THE ENGINE».
RYA20740
21 - EMERGENCY LIGHTS SWITCH

Switches on all direction indication lights together. If driving on
the road this signal should be engaged whenever the machine
stops temporarily in a traffic lane or parks irregularly.
RWA20210
22 - REDUCTION GEAR SPEED SELECTION

SWITCH
Enables the two speeds of the reduction gear to be selected
which are shown by indicators 14 and 15.
For operation and use see «12.2.1/2 REDUCER GEAR SPEED
SELECTION SWITCH».
RYA20720
76
23 - DIRECTION INDICATOR, HEADLIGHT BEAM

DIPPER, HORN, AND LIGHT SWITCHES
A - Turn left
A
B - Turn right E
C - Horn
D - Light switch C
E - Flashing lights
B
D
RYA20850
24 - FRONT WINDSCREEN-WIPER SWITCH

The first click sets the arm in motion, while the second click (with
automatic return to pos. 1) operates the water spray.
RWA07230
25 - FRONT WORKING FLOODLIGHT SWITCH

Lights up the front working lights.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Working lights should be switched off when driving on the
road.
RWA07180
26 - ROTATING BEAM SWITCH

This should always be switched on when driving on the road.
RWA07210
77
27 - REAR WORKING FLOODLIGHT SWITCH

Switches on the circuit controlling the rear floodlights.
☞ IMPORTANT
• These lights must always be switched off when driving on
the road.
RWA07180
28 - REAR WINDSCREEN - WIPER SWITCH

The first click sets the arm in motion, while the second click (with
automatic return to pos. 1) operates the water spray.
RWA07230
29 - SPARE PUSH-BUTTON
30 - VENTILATOR SWITCH
Starts the fan motor. When the fan is switched on, if the small tap
provided on the left-hand side of the engine housing is opened,
hot air will be circulated, thus taking over the heating function.
(See «14.2 VENTILATION AND HEATING»).
RWA07170
78
31 - HORN (BACKHOE)
Warns that work is about to start and of danger when using the
backhoe.
RWA20870
32 - REDUCER GEAR DISCONNECTION SWITCH

Puts the reducer gear in neutral, as indicated by indicator pos.
16. See «12.2.1/9 REDUCER GEAR DISCONNECTION
SWITCH».
RYA2073
79
12.1.4 ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES

33 - Ceiling light
34 - Socket
35 - Acoustic alarm (engine)
36 - Acoustic alarm (reducer gear)
33
RYA19780
34
RYA19790
35
36
RYA19800
80
33 - ROOF LIGHT
Is used in conditions of low visibility for the control of the instru-
ments and inside of the cabin.
RWA07240
34 - ELECTRIC SOCKET
It conforms to norm ISO 4165 -1979 and has a supply of 12V. It
is used to attach the inspection lamp, signalling and emergency
lamp and to carry out repairs or maintenance with poor visibility.
RWA07250
35 - ACOUSTIC ALARM (ENGINE)

Is activated when the ignition key puts the circuits (turn to « »)
on under tension and is disconnected when the engine is run-
ning.
Activation while the machine is running signals:
• Insufficient engine oil pressure.
• Overheating of the engine cooling circuit.
• Defective alternator or worn belt.
RWA07200
36 - ACOUSTIC ALARM (REDUCER GEAR)

If activated during machine operation, indicates one of the fol-
lowing:
• A reduction gear speed change or neutral.
• Incorrect connection of the reducer gear after a speed change
(see «12.2.1/2 REDUCER GEAR SPEED SELECTION
SWITCH»).
RWA07200
81
12.2 MACHINE CONTROLS
10
1
4
2 8
7
3 5
11
RYA19810
1 - Gear lever
2 - Reduction gear speed selection switch
3 - Work brake pedal
4 - Inching pedal control
6
5 - Accelerator
6 - Hand brake
7 - Differential blocking push button
8 - Hydraulic transmission neutral button 12
9 - Reduction gear disconnection switch
10 - Switch for blocking the oscillation of the frames
11 - Shovel control lever
12 - Manual accelerator
13 - Backhoe control levers 9
14 - Backhoe control levers
15 - Stabilizer control levers
16 - Stabilizer control levers FORWARD BUCKET
17 - Backhoe traverse blocking lever BLOCKING LEVER RYA19830
13 14
15 16
17
BACKHOE
BLOCKING LEVERS RYA19940
82
12.2.1 MACHINE CONTROLS
1 - GEAR LEVER
DANGER
• Bring the gear lever into the neutral (N) position when the machine is parked or when halting even if
briefly.
• The engine may be switched on only if the gear lever is in a neutral (N) position.
• The gears can be inserted only if the hand brake is off.
• Do not change the direction of movement when the machine is in motion.
The lever (1) controls the electrovalves which determine the capacity of the pumps and the rotation direction of
the hydraulic motor; the selections can be obtained by moving the lever along the axis of the steering column and
rotating it about the same axis.
The following selections can be obtained:
F1 - Slow forward gear

R1 - Slow reverse gear F2 1
N - Neutral (N) position
F2 - Fast forward gear N
R2 - Fast reverse gear
F1
R2
N
R1 RYA20040
CAUTION
• The slow gears F1 - R1 and fast F2 - R2 gears determine
the number of revs of the shaft entering the reduction
gear; the actual movement or working speeds are ob-
tained by selecting the speed of the reduction gear (See
«12.2.1/2 - REDUCTION GEAR SPEED SELECTION
SWITCH»).
83
2 - REDUCTION GEAR SPEED SELECTION

SWITCH
18 19
DANGER
• The switch should only be activated when the machine is
at rest and the gear lever in neutral (N) position.
• The correct insertion of the selected gear is shown by an
indicator (See «12.1.2 WARNING LIGHTS»); begin travers-
ing only after having controlled that the indicator corre- 2
sponding to the selected gear is on. RYA20050
• If the led does not light up the acoustic alarm sounds;

move the machine slightly until the gears mesh.
Two speeds can be selected: «working speed» (low) and «trans-

fer speed» (high). Two positions of the button (2) correspond to
these gears:
1 - Resting position (button up) corresponds to working speed
(indicator 18 on).
2 - Button down corresponding to the transfer speed (indicator
19 on).
The combination of this selection and the selection made with
the gear lever determine the following speeds:
(with tires 335/80 R20 - and engine at 2500 rpm)
EFFECTIVE
POSITION REDUCTION CORRESPONDING
SPEED
OF GEAR LEVER GEAR SPEED GEAR
(km/h)
SLOW 4.7 1a
F1 - R1
FAST 17.3 3a
SLOW 10.4 2a
F2 - R2
FAST 38.6 4a
84
3 - WORK BRAKE PEDAL
DANGER
• The brake pedal must be applied gradually in order to
achieve smooth and costant braking.
• On sandy, snowy or wet ground, use the brakes with cau-
tion to maintain direction control of the machine.
3
The work brakes are placed in the rear bridge and act on both
semiaxles. They are powered by a hydraulic pump which is con- RYA20060
trolled directly by pedal (3). Work brakes must be used when
travelling on roads or when the machine comes to a standstill
with the gear in neutral while the operator is on board.
4 - INCHING PEDAL CONTROL
DANGER
• Use the pedal in a gradual and continuous manner, with-
out pressure or sudden releases since this would over-
load the transmission devices.
The inching pedal control (4) is used as follows:

1 - When both traversing and the forward bucket is lifted carrying 4
a load are executed by the machine simultaneously. RYA20070
2 - With the use of optional equipment which requires high oil

levels and slow traversing movements.
3 - During the lifting phase of the bucket and when gathering
heaped material.
This pedal diverts the necessary power away from the motor to-
wards that required for the traversing enabling the power to be
transferred to the other operation being carried out.
By gradually pressing the pedal, the capacity of the pump which
supplies the traversing engine with oil is gradually reduced until
it is cut off, thereby interrupting the traversing.
85
5 - ACCELERATOR
We recommend sparing use of the accelerator, particularly when
the machine is under stress or working in difficult conditions. By
not racing the engine unnecessarily the Operator can keep down
fuel consumption and prolong the useful life of both engine and
machine.
RYA20080
6 - HAND BRAKE
DANGER 6
• The hand brake must be inserted whenever the driving
seat is abandoned, even if briefly.
• Periodically control the working order of the brake.
The failure to conform to these norms may lead to serious
injury or death.
• The hand brake must be released should the machine be
RYA20090
towed away following a break - down.
The hand brake operates mechanically and engages the same

groups as the operating brakes. Braking is achieved by fully pull-
ing up the lever (6); to unblock press the button on the end of the
lever and simultaneously release it and it will return to the bot-
tom. 6
CAUTION
• When the hand brake is on, its indicator also turns on (see
«12.1.2 INDICATORS»).
• For security reasons, insertion of the hand brake blocks
RYA20100
the engagement of any gear.
86
7 - DIFFERENTIAL BLOCKING PUSH BUTTON
DANGER 7
• Use the differential block only in low gears; only apply
with the machine stationary.
• Differential blocking is absolutely forbidden when the ma-
chine is in an articulated state (forward and back wheels
which are not aligned).
Differential blocking is absolutely forbidden when the machine is RYA20110

in an articulated state (forward and back wheels which are not
aligned).
The block is applied with a light pressure on button (7). The indi-
cator will turn on when the differential is blocked (see «12.1.2 IN-
DICATORS» pos. 13) and turns off when the button is released.
8 - HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION NEUTRAL BUT-

TON
Pressing button (8) puts the hydraulic transmission in neutral in
correspondence to gear lever position N (NEUTRAL) (see 8
«12.2.1/1 GEAR LEVER»).
The transmission remains in neutral while the button is held
down.
This control frees the engine from delivering power to movement
and thus enables the power to be used for the current operation.
It is mainly used when the bucket is engaged in lifting and dump-
ing material. RYA20120
87
9 - REDUCTION GEAR DISCONNECTION

SWITCH
DANGER
• Disconnect the reduction gear only when the machine is
stationary and level.
• The reducer gear can only be disconnected when the gear
lever is in neutral (N).
• It is absolutely forbidden to disconnect the reduction gear
while the machine is parked uphill or downhill.
• Disconnect the reducer gear only if the disconnection per-
missive indicator is on (see «12.1.2 INDICATORS»).
9
This consists in putting the reduction gear in NEUTRAL and
must be performed in case the machine is towed away following REDUCER GEAR
a break - down. DISCONNECTION
INDICATOR
Disconnection can be made even when the backhoe is in opera- REDUCER GEAR
tion and there is the need to move or position the machine with- DISCONNECTION
out abandoning the control position.
RYA20140 PERMISSIVE INDICATOR
Press button (9) to disconnect he reducer gear (the button stays
down). The indicator will turn on (see «12.1.2 INDICATORS»,
pos. 16).
Pressing button (9) a second time re-connects the reducer gear
and turns of the indicator.
10 - SWITCH FOR BLOCKING THE OSCILLATION

OF THE FRAMES
DANGER
• During road travel the blocking switch must be discon-
nected (free oscillation).
• Blocking the oscillation of the frame must be executed 10
with the machine stationary and level with rear and for-
ward wheels aligned.
RYA20240
This function is used as follows:
1 - When ground leveling work needs to be carried out (using
straight trajectories).
2 - When work is carried out with the backhoe rotated 90° with
respect to the axis of the machine.
3 - When the machine needs to be moved by truck.
Pressing button (10) blocks oscillation; the indicator on the but-
ton itself turns on.
Pressing the button a second time unblocks oscillation and the
indicator turns off.
CAUTION
• Before beginning any manoeuvre or traversing, ensure
that the pin which blocks oscillation is inserted appropri-
ately; to help insertion perform small movements with the
steering wheel.
88
12.2.2 FRONT SHOVEL CONTROLS
11 - SHOVEL CONTROL LEVER
DANGER
• Before using this lever, the operator must be seated in the driver’s seat with the seat belt locked. Take
all the precautions given in «21. USING THE MACHINE AS A LOADING SHOVEL».
• If, during the traverse, the shovel control lever must be used, avoid sudden or rapid movements that
could change the trim of the machine, and make it difficult to steer.
• Whenever transporting the machine by road lock the lever mechanically.
• If the machine must be left standing on a slope, take all necessary steps to ensure that the machine will
not move.
(See «3.11 PARKING THE MACHINE»).
• Before leaving the site, lower the shovel to the ground and engage the safety block before switching off
the motor.
The shovel control lever (11) is situated to the right of the Opera-
tor and controls the raising and lowering of the boom and the re-
turn and unloading of the bucket, according to the rightangled 11
movements listed below.
If the machine has been set with the lever in position E (defined
by one notch), the shovel is in a free or floating position which
enables it to automatically follow the contours of the ground.
RYA20250
N - Neutral RWA00540
A - Descent of boom
B - Unloading of bucket
E
C - Rise of boom
D - Return of bucket
B
A
N
Only with prior setting: C
E = Boom free
D
89
By manipulating the lever on a slant with respect to the axis of RWA00550
the machine, simultaneous movements proportional to the angle

of slant will be obtained, because the two hydraulic distributors
that govern single functions will then be engaged together A B
N -Neutral N
A -Descent of boom - Return of bucket
D C
B -Descent of boom - Unloading of bucket
C -Rise of boom - Unloading of bucket
D -Rise of boom - Return of bucket
☞ IMPORTANT
• All movement can be inhibited by inserting the retaining
pin and rotating it into its safety position (See «10.1 SAFE-
TY DEVICES FOR LOADING SHOVEL»).
12.2.3 BACKHOE CONTROLS
12 - MANUAL ACCELERATOR
DANGER
• The use of the manual accelerator (12) is permitted only
for the conditions described. Other uses can lead to acci-
dents.
12
This is to be used when warming up the engine, and subse-
quently only for working with the backhoe. It may also be used
for some types of maintenance.
RYA20260
90
13/14 -BACKHOE CONTROL LEVERS
DANGER
• Before performing any manoeuvres with these levers, the Operator should be seated in the working po-
sition, i.e., with the driving seat turned 180° with respect to the position for driving the machine. The
safety belt should be fastened. Before every manoeuvre he should follow all the instructions given for
«22. USING THE BACKHOE TO DIG».
• When transporting the machine by road, always lock the levers.
• If the machine is parked on a slope, adopt all precautions to ensure that it cannot move accidentally.
• Before leaving the working position, lower the equipment to the ground and insert the safety device be-
fore switching off the engine.
• The horn switch to the left of the levers has the function of warning that work is about to start and in
case of danger (see «12.1.3 PUSH-BUTTONS AND SWITCHES» pos. 31).
The control levers for the backhoe (13-14) can be set with the
differentiated boom and bucket controls according to two sys-
tems: 13 14
1 - KOMATSU SYSTEM CONTROLS
2 - CONTROLS CONFORMING TO ISO NORMS
All movements are blocked by the safety lever moved upwards

(See «10.2 SAFETY DEVICES FOR BACKHOE»).
The following diagrams show the possible basic and combined
RYA20270
maneuvers with two systems.
91
KOMATSU SYSTEM CONTROLS

LEVER 13 (BASIC MANEUVERS) RYA20280
N - Neutral
A - Left rotation boom
B
B - Lowering boom
C - Right rotation boom A
N
D - Lifting boom C
D
LEVER 14 (BASIC MANEUVERS) RYA20290
N - Neutral
A - Bucket Closure B
B - Opening arm
A
C - Opening bucket N
C
D - Closure arm
D
If the levers are maneuvered at an angle with respect to the axis of the machine, a combined movement is
achieved proportional to the angle of inclination since both independent hydraulic distributors are activated.
LEVER 13 (COMBINED MANEUVERS) RYA20300
N -Neutral
A -Lowering and left rotation of boom A B
B -Lowering and right rotation of boom
C -Lifting and right rotation boom N
D -Lifting and left rotation of boom
D C
LEVER 14 (COMBINED MANEUVERS) RYA20310
N -Neutral
A -Opening arm - bucket closure A B
B -Opening arm - bucket opening
C -Closure arm - bucket opening N
D -Closure arm - bucket closure
D C
92
CONTROLS CONFORMING TO ISO NORMS

LEVER 13 (BASIC MANEUVERS) RWA00600
N - Neutral
A - Left rotation boom
B
B - Opening arm
C - Right rotation boom A
N
D - Closure arm C
D
LEVER 14 (BASIC MANEUVERS) RWA00610
N - Neutral
A - Bucket closure B
B - Lowering boom
A
C - Bucket opening N
C
D - Lifting boom
D
If the levers are maneuvered at an angle with respect to the axis of the machine, a combined movement is
achieved proportional to the angle of inclination since both independent hydraulic distributors are activated.
LEVER 13 (COMBINED MANEUVERS) RWA00620
N -Neutral
A -Opening arm - left rotation boom A B
B -Opening arm - right rotation boom
C -Closure arm - right rotation boom N
D -Closure arm - left rotation boom
D C
LEVER 14 (COMBINED MANEUVERS) RWA00630
N -Neutral
A -Lowering boom - bucket closure A B
B -Lowering boom - bucket opening
C -Lifting boom - bucket opening N
D -Lifting boom - bucket closure
D C
93
15/16 -STABILIZER CONTROL LEVERS

Levers (15-16) lower and raise the stabilisers during digging.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Before moving the machine in any way, ensure that the stabilizers have been completely raised.
15 16
N
N
17
RYA20320
17 - BACKHOE TRAVERSE BLOCKING LEVER

When pushed down, lever (17) releases the blocking pressure and allows the backhoe unit to move; moving it up-
wards pressurises the blocking circuit.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Check that the backhoe group is blocked before starting work.
94
FUSES AND RELAYS
13. FUSES AND RELAYS
☞ IMPORTANT
• Make sure that the ignition key is turned to position « » before changing any fuses.
• Replace any corroded, oxidised, or loose fuses with new ones of the same rating.
• If the engine does not start when the ignition key is turned to position « » START, check the main fuse
and replace it if necessary.
13.1 FUSES
The user fuses are grouped on a single mount in the front dashboard whereas the general fuses are located in-
side the engine bay.
13.1.1 AUXILIARY FUSES RYA20340
RYA20350
95
FUSES AND RELAYS
F1 F2 F3
A B C A B C A B C
A B C A B C A B C
F4 F5 F6
RYA20360
POS. COLOUR RATING (A) CIRCUIT PROTECTED
A Blue 15 Front work lights
F1 B Blue 15 Rear work lights
C Red 10 Windscreen wipers
A Red 10 Dashboard indicators
F2 B Brown 7,5 Engine stop
C White 25 Acoustic alarm (Engine)
A Brown 7,5 Heating - Rear horn
F3 B Purple 3 RH position lights
C Blue 15 Dipped headlights
A Blue 15 Heating
F4 B Red 10 Rotating headlamp
C Blue 15 Reducer gear speed selector
A Green 30 Engine stop
F5 B Blue 15 Optional fuinctions
C Red 10 Frame oscillation blocking - Safety valves - Hand hammer
A Blue 15 Socket - Diesel transfer pump
F6 B Purple 3 LH position lights
C Blue 15 Full beam headlights
96
FUSES AND RELAYS
13.1.2 MAIN FUSES
RYAA0820
2
1
RYAA0830
POS. COLOUR RANGE (A) CIRCUIT PROTECTED
1 — 80 Main circuit
2 — 80 Alternator
97
FUSES AND RELAYS
13.2 RELAYS RYA20340
The relays are housed in the front dashboard.
RYA20330
98
FUSES AND RELAYS
RYA20370
Z1 Z3
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7
R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14
POS. FUNCTION
Z1 Engine stop relay
Z3 Blinker
R1 Reducer gear disconnection permissive relay
R2 Optional functions relay
R3 Reducer gear speed selection relay
R5 Frame oscillation blocking relay
R6 Hydraulic transmission neutral relay
R7 Full beam headlights relay
R8 Hydraulic neutral indicator on relay for reducer gear disconnection permissive
R9 Acoustic alarm disable relay for reducer gear disconnected
R10 Starting disable relay for gear lever in gear
R12 Direction of travel relay
R13 Horn relay
R14 Dipped headlights relay
99
FUSES AND RELAYS
RYA20340
2
4
1
RYA20380
POS. FUNCTION
1 Glowplugs control unit relay
2 Starter motor relay
3 Glowplugs relay
4 Control unit enabling reduction gear speed change
RYA20390 RYA20400
POS. FUNCTION
5 Reduction gear speed change control unit
100
CAB AND DRIVING SEAT
14. CAB AND DRIVING SEAT

14.1 DESCRIPTION
DANGER
• The cab is of the non-overturn type and uncrushable type, and has been passed as ROPS-FOPS. If it
has received a blow for any reason, or if the machine has overturned, call the Komatsu Utility Agent im-
mediately to come and check that the rigidity and active security that the cab should provide for the
Operator are unimpaired.
• The cabin includes two doors; the left door is for normal entrance and exit use whereas the right hand
door is considered to be and is correspondingly marked as the emergency exit.
• Before starting the machine, control that the right hand door (or emergency exit) is not locked.
The cab upper rear window opens with a rule joint, whereas the
side doors can be opened partially or entirely.
These options, together with the possibility of lowering or raising
the lower window (2) from the backhoe side, offer complete venti-
lation of the cab in hot weather and thus avoid operator stress.
RYA20410
101
The rear window (1) is opened by pressing the handles (3) out-
wards and must only be done with the moveable pane (2) com- 1
pletely up or down and locked with the stop blocks (4 and 5).
Use the stop blocks (4 and 5) to unlock the moveable pane.
The cab doors can be partially or entirely opened; to open them
partially , insert the stops (6) in the handle mounts (7).
To open them completely, open until the locks engage (8); to un-
lock them for closing, depress the lever (9) inside the cab.
2 3
☞ IMPORTANT
• The doors must always be secured with the stops (6) or
3
RYAA0840
(8) or closed.
4
RYAA0850
6
RYAA0860
RYAA0880 RYAA0870
102
14.2 VENTILATION AND HEATING

The ventilation and heating of the cab are for the specific pur-
pose of alleviating psychophysical fatigue in the Operator, during
both very hot and very cold weather. They also serve to remove
condensation from the front window, thus ensuring good visibility
while working and while driving on the road.
Ventilation and airing are effected with a two-speed fan mounted
in the recess above the RH mudguard.
Air is distributed through a set of swivelling outlets with regulati-
ion (1) of side-flow delivery. The front window is de- iced and de-
1 1
misted by adjustable air flows through fixed outlets. RYA20420
A radiator is provided in series with the ventilator to heat the air
flowing into the cab. It is for use in cold weather and receives the
hot water necessary for heat exchange directly from the engine
cooling circuit.
The water supply flow is determined or blocked by a tap (2) fixed 1 1
in the engine bay, which can be accessed by swiveling the seat
(See «14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGINE BAY»).
The ventilation and heating system also serves to re-circulate air
inside the cab by opening outlet (3).
This function speeds up heating and is very useful while working
in environments with very high levels of pollution (tunnels, dusty
sites, restricted or enclosed areas, etc.).
RYAA0890
CAUTION
• Do not use the recirculate function for long periods in
rainy or cold weather; this will increase misting of the
glass on the inside.
2
RYAA0900
RYA20430
103
14.3 DRIVING SEAT

This can be made really comfortable because it is provided with B
five different adjustments:
a - Longitudinal positioning.
b - Back-rest angle adjustment.
c - Adjustment of the springs in order to cushion the inevitable
vibrations and shocks as far as possible. A
d - Height adjustment and seat-cushion slant adjustment.
e - Can be swivelled for work with the backhoe.
The Operator can choose the most comfortable driving position
in function of his physique and in function of the angle of the
steering wheel.
Longitudinal movement of the seat is obtained by using the lever
(1) and letting the seat run on its guides. When the correct posi- C
tion has been established, release the lever and make small
movements to make certain that the blocking hook is engaged in D
its seating.
The position of the back-rest can be varied by releasing the le-
vers (2) and using the spine to push at the same time. The back- RYA20450
rest will adapt itself automatically to the anatomy of the Opera-
tor.
The springs can be adjusted with the spring-catch lever (3), and
A
are controlled by the position of an indicator (4).
RWA03100
RYA20860
C 2
RWA03120
104
This adjustment is made while the Operator is seated, and the

correct degree of springing has been achieved when the indica- D
tor is level with the frame of the seat.
If the indicator protrudes from the frame, the lever (3) should be
moved using the knob with the sign (+) facing towards the Oper-
ator. If the indicator is beneath the frame, the lever (3) should be
moved using the knob marked with the sign (-).
Cushion inclination and height are adjusted with a lever (5), 5
which can give 3 different heights and 5 angles of inclination.
Another unblocking lever, (6), controls the rotation of the seat for
work with the backhoe. This blocks automatically at every 180°. 1
RYA20440
RYA20460
105
14.4 SAFETY BELT
DANGER
• The safety belt should be fastened before switching on
the engine.
• If the safety belt is frayed or damaged, replace it immedi- 1
ately.
The safety belt provided (1) is of the type with two points of at-
tachment and length adjustment (2). It should be drawn tightly 2 RYA20470
round the Operator’s hips and leave his abdomen completely
free.
14.5 FIRE EXTINGUISHER
CAUTION
• The fire extinguisher must be installed and fixed in the ap-
propriate position by the owner of the machine.
• Periodically ensure that the fixture and support of the fire 1
extinguisher is sound.
• Periodically check that the extinguisher is charged.
RYA20480
If a fire extinguisher (1) is needed on board the machine, one can
be installed on the right hand front dashboard upright.
14.6 FIRST AID KIT
CAUTION 1
• At regular intervals, make sure that the first aid kit con-
tains all the necessary disinfectants, bandages, and medi-
cines, and also make sure that the kit contents have not
passed their expiry date.
The first aid box (1) must be installed in the cab by the machine’s
owner in the recess in the LH side panel. RYA20490
14.7 TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
CAUTION
• This operator’s manual, together with the spare parts cat-
alogue, are essential items of machine equipment and
must accompany the machine throughout its working life,
even if the machine is sold to new owners.
Keep this manual in a convenient place on board the machine

where it can be consulted quickly and easily. We recommend RYA20870
that you keep it in the document pocket behind the seat, togeth-
er with the documents of ownership and registration
106
14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGINE BAY FOR

CONTROLS AND MAINTENANCE
DANGER
• Permission to access to the engine bay is granted to the
operator in charge of maintenance and only if the follow-
ing conditions are met:
1 - The machine is parked on level and solid ground, with 1
the hand brake inserted and all equipment lowered 2 RYA20500
(See «12.2.1 MACHINE CONTROLS»).
2 - Gear lever in neutral (N) (See «12.2.1 MACHINE CON-
TROLS»).
3 - The loading shovel and backhoe control levers must be
locked (See «10. SAFETY DEVICES»).
4 - The engine must be stopped.
• Starting the engine when the bay is open must only be
done when maintenance purposes require so; avoid start- 2
ing the engine unless specifically required by the mainte-
nance procedure.
• During maintenance with the engine bay open do not al-
low anyone to board the machine or remain in the proxim-
ity.
After having turned off the engine and controlled that the
above security conditions are satisfied, follow the procedures
listed below to access the engine bay:
1 - Lift the lower window completely and open the rear door (see
«14.1 CAB DESCRIPTION»).
2 - Place the cushion in an intermediate position (See «14.3
DRIVING SEAT»).
3 - Swivel the driving seat to the backhoe control position and 3
fully retract it (See «14.3 DRIVING SEAT»). RYA20510
4 - Undo the lock (1) on the raisable base (2).
5 - Swivel the platform (2) to its end position.
CAUTION
• Make sure that the platform reaches it end position since
the gas (3) suspensions will only support the platform if
this position is reached.
Once the work is finished, return the machine to normal working

conditions by performing the inverse procedures.
107
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
108
MACHINE OPERATION
15. MACHINE OPERATION

15.1 CHECKS TO BE MADE BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE
15.1.1 VISUAL CHECKS
DANGER
• Dirt, oil or fuel spilled around in the engine housing near hot areas can lead to fires and cause damage
to the machine.
Check frequently, and repair leaks immediately. If leaks are found repeatedly, contact your Komatsu
Utility Agent.
Before switching on the engine, look carefully at and underneath the machine in order to check that:
1 - There are no loose screws or nuts.
2 - Oil, fuel or coolant liquid leakages.
3 - The working equipment does not show any signs of wear.
4 - The electrical connections are all tight.
5 - The exhaust pipe and manifold are firmly connected.
6 - The wheel-rims and tires are in good condition.
7 - All safety notices and warnings are clearly legible.
8 - The steps up to the driving seat and the hand-grips are clean.
Any signs of leakage or irregularity need immediate repair, and every trace of oil or grease must be removed.
Additional visual checks involve:
9 - The state of the safety belt.
10 - The state of the instruments and the dashboard.
11 - The state of the cab windows, and the efficient functioning of the headlights, the working flood-lights and the
direction indicator lights.
15.1.2 DAILY CHECKS
DANGER
• Remove the radiator cap only when the engine is cold.
• If the cap must be removed while the engine is hot, put on suitable protective clothing and loosen the
cap slowly in order to release pressure gradually.
• Do not smoke while refilling with fuel or oil, and do not use naked flames or unauthorised types of lamp
to check on fluid levels, because this could lead to fires.
• If fuel, oil or lubricant are spilled during refuelling operations, clean up the soiled areas immediately.
Check the levels of the engine coolant water, the engine oil, and the hydraulic circuit oil and lubricate the articulat-
ed joints before starting work (See maintenance sheet «EVERY 8 HOURS»).
Refuel as soon as the work is completed, in order to prevent the formation of condensation, and check the fuel
level on the dashboard indicator.
109
MACHINE OPERATION
☞ IMPORTANT
• Never fill the fuel tank completely, in order to leave the diesel oil room to expand.
• On completion of refuelling, replace the tank cap, and make sure that the breather hole is completely
unbstructed.
• Check the engine oil when the machine is on level ground, and check the level of the hydraulic circuit
oil with the front bucket on the ground and the backhoe in its transport position.
15.1.3 OPERATING CHECKS
DANGER
• All these checks should be performed with the Operator seated and his safety belt fastened.
• While the machine is stationary after use or during maintenance work, some of the safety devices may
be inadvertently moved. When the Operator climbs into the cab, he should immediately check that the
mechanical safety devices on the equipment controls are engaged, and that the equipment cannot
move unexpectedly, thus creating a hazard.
These checks involve:

1 - Engaging the safety devices on the shovel and backhoe control levers.
2 - Putting the manual-accelerator into its minimum position.
3 - The neutral position of the gear
4 - Engaging the hand-brake.
For the next check turn the starting key to « » to switch on the control panel and check the operation of the
acoustic alarms, the fuel level indicator and the engine oil pressure, generator, brake oil level and hand brake in-
dicators.
110
MACHINE OPERATION
15.2 STARTING THE ENGINE
DANGER
• Before switching on the engine, study the safety instructions given in the manual and make sure that
you are familiar with the controls.
From the moment that the Operator switches on the engine, he is directly responsible for any damage
deriving from false manoeuvres or lack of observation of the safety or traffic regulations in force.
• Before switching on the engine look to see if there is anyone within the range of action of the machine,
and sound horn to warn of imminent start-up.
15.2.1 START-UP WITH WARM ENGINE OR IN

TEMPERATE CLIMATE
1 - Press the accelerator to the floor and turn the ignition key di-
rectly to the START position « ».
2 - As soon as the engine fires, release the ignition key which
will return automatically to position « » and release the accel-
erator pedal.
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the engine does not fire within 15 seconds, release the RYAA0910
key which will return to position « » and wait 15 seconds
before trying again.
RYA20740
111
MACHINE OPERATION
15.2.2 START-UP WITH A COLD ENGINE OR IN A COLD CLIMATE
DANGER
• Do not use liquids or any other product for a cold start- up because, being etherbased, they could
cause explosions.
1 - Turn the ignition key to position « ». The preheat indicator on the dashboard will light up. The light disappears
once the preheat temperature has been reached.
2 - Press the accelerator pedal fully down and turn the starting key to « » (START) until the engine starts (at
most for 15 seconds).
3 - As soon as the engine fires, release the ignition key which will return automatically to position « » and release
the accelerator pedal.
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the engine does not start at the first attempt, repeat operations 1 and 2 after having waited at least 30
seconds, so as not to overload the accumulator.
15.3 WARMING UP THE ENGINE

1 - Once the engine has fired, allow it to warm up before starting work.
2 - Ideal warm-up is obtained with a steady idling speed of about 1200 rpm, achieved by use of the manual accel-
erator (See «12.2.3 BACKHOE CONTROLS»).
☞ IMPORTANT
• Do not press the accelerator suddenly or push it to the floor until the temperature of the coolant liquid
has reached at least 60°C, as shown on the dashboard indicator.
3 - In order to reduce the warm-up interval the engine may be accelerated from time to time, up to a maximum of
1800 rpm.
4 - While warming up the engine, keep an eye on the colour of the exhaust gas, and listen for any unusual noises
or vibrations. Any irregularity must be investigated, and the cause eliminated.
15.4 WARMING UP THE HYDRAULIC OIL

While warming up the engine, and in particular during colder weather, it is a good idea to warm up the hydraulic
circuit oil as well. For this reason, when the temperature of the engine coolant approaches 60°C:
1 - Remove the safety pin from the shovel control lever (See «10. SAFETY DEVICES»).
2 - Perform several times, slowly but fully, the movements of raising and rotating the front bucket.
3 - Rest the bucket on the ground and lock the control lever.
4 - Swivel the seat and unlock the backhoe control lever (See «10. SAFETY DEVICES»).
5 - Perform several times the complete range of movements of extension and return of the arm and the bucket.
6 - Lock the control levers and swivel the seat back to the driving position.
112
MACHINE OPERATION
15.5 SETTING THE MACHINE IN MOTION RYA20530
DANGER 2 3
• Before moving the machine, make sure that you are per-
fectly familiar with the functions of the controls and the
safety regulations associated with them. 1
• The Operator should be seated in the driving seat with the
seat-belt fastened, and should have checked the positions
of the rear-view mirrors.
1
• Before moving the machine, make sure that there is no-
one else in the working area, and that it is also free of ob-
stacles.
• Take all precautions before moving backwards, and al-
ways check for the presence of people, other working ve-
hicles or obstacles.
Before moving the machine and after the instrument control and
engine and hydraulic oil system warm up, make sure that the
stabilizers are lifted and that both forward bucket and backhoe
are in the transport position.
The control levers must be in a neutral position, the oscillation of
the frame must be free and the reduction gear inserted.
Release the hand brake, and by following section «12.2.1 MA-
CHINE CONTROLS», select in order:
1 - Traversing speed with the switch (1), controlling that the cor-
responding indicator (2-3) is on.
2 - The direction of movement with lever (4).
Gradually accelerate with the accelerator pedal.
☞ IMPORTANT
• The direction of movement must be selected at low revs.
in order to avoid abrupt acceleration.
• Changing gears in the same direction of movement does
not require any deceleration.
• When changing gears from a fast one to a slow one re-
duce the number of engine revs.
• If the direction of movement of the machine needs to be
reversed, reduce speed significantly before changing di-
rection.
113
MACHINE OPERATION
15.5.1 BLOCKING THE DIFFERENTIAL
DANGER 1
• Differential blocking is absolutely forbidden when the ma-
chine is in an articulated state (forward and back wheels
which are not aligned).
This device is useful when working on muddy or ploughed

ground, or when the machine is stuck in mud, etc.
Press button (1) to block the differential; it unblocks when the RYA20540
button is released.
15.5.2 HOW TO MOVE ON A SLOPE
DANGER
• Before starting to work on a slope, always check the efficiency of the brakes and the hand-brake.
• Avoid using the higher gears.
• Never drive downhill with the gearbox in neutral, but keep the machine in a lower gear.
FAILURE TO RESPECT THIS RULE MAY LEAD TO LOSS OF CONTROL OF THE MACHINE AND TO OVER-
TURNING.
• It is absolutely imperative that the transmission release button should never be used on a slope.
Work on a slope requires certain precautions that, if put into RYA20550

practice, avoid risks to the Operator or to anyone else in the
neighbourhood. The checks and operations to be performed are:
1 - Always look over the working area and take note of the pres-
ence of snow, small bumps, gravel or ploughed earth, which
might unexpectedly alter working conditions and the stability
of the machine.
2 - When driving downhill, the shovel must always be lower than
the engine, and in a suitable position for travelling.
3 - When loading or climbing a slope, the shovel should always
be higher than the engine.
4 - When moving from place to place while working, keep the
shovel low.
RYA20560
5 - If possible drive along the top or along the bottom of the
slope. If this is not possible, move obliquely, keeping the axis
of the machine as parallel as possible to the fall-line.
Never travel in an extremely oblique line, or worse still, with the
axis of the machine turned to 90° with respect to the fall-line.
114
MACHINE OPERATION
15.5.3 MAXIMUM IMMERSION DEPTH
DANGER
• When working in water or on muddy ground, lubricate the articulated joints more frequently than re-
quired by standard maintenance intervals.
• Always check carefully that the surface on which the machine is working is sufficiently firm.
• Categorically avoid performing full turns or from working with the machine strongly articulated.
If it is necessary to work in water, make sure that the maximum immersion depth does not exceed 50 cm, and in
any case that the engine cooling fan is not in contact with water, because it could be ruined or break.
RYA20570
50 cm
CAUTION
• When working in water or on muddy ground, lubricate the articulated joints more frequently than re-
quired by standard maintenance intervals.
• On completion of the work, remove all mud and dirt and lubricate all articulated joints.
115
PARKING THE MACHINE
16. PARKING THE MACHINE

16.1 PARKING ON LEVEL GROUND
N
DANGER
• Park the machine where the ground is firm, level and spa-
cious enough to allow daily checks, lubrication and refuel-
ling operations.
• Lower the shovel to the ground and put the backhoe into N
its transport position, or with the bucket resting on the
ground.
• Apply all safety regulations in order to avoid any machine RYA20580
movement in the absence of the Operator.

• When leaving the machine, remove the ignition key, use
the steps and hand-grips provided and lock the cab se-
curely.
1 - Park the machine on firm,level ground, and in a spacious ar-

ea.
2 - Bring the gear lever into NEUTRAL and insert the hand
brake.
3 - Lower the shovel and the backhoe bucket to the ground. If
the available space does not permit this, the backhoe may be
folded back into its transport position and secured with its RYA19380
special safety device.

4 - Insert the safety pin in the shovel control lever, and engage
the safety lever of the backhoe control lever.
5 - Switch off the engine, following the procedure set out in para-
graph «17. STOPPING THE ENGINE».
6 - Leave the driving seat using the steps and hand-grips provid-
ed.
7 - Refuel the machine, taking all necessary precautions.
8 - Remove the ignition key and lock the cab securely.
RYA20590
RYA20600
116
PARKING THE MACHINE
16.2 PARKING ON A SLOPE RYA19350
DANGER
• Movement by the machine without the Operator on board
could cause serious damage and accidents that might be
fatal. In order to prevent such movement, follow the pro-
cedures described below.
• Only park on a slope when it is absolutely unavoidable.
• Always park with the shovel downhill from the engine.
1 - Park the machine with the shovel turned to-wards the lower
slope, and behind some obstacle.
If this is not possible due to the absence of any natural obsta-
cles, rotate the shovel into its unloading position, and force its
teeth into the soil.
2 - Put the reverse gear lever into neutral and engage the hand-
brake.
3 - Using the backhoe controls, position the teeth of the bucket
as though for digging, and force them into the soil.
4 - Insert the safety pins of the shovel control lever and the safe-
ty lever of the backhoe control lever.
5 - Switch off the engine following the procedures set out in the RYA19380
paragraph «17. STOPPING THE ENGINE».
6 - Leave the driving seat using the steps and hand-grips provid-
ed.
RYA20580
117
PARKING THE MACHINE
7 - Place safety wedges under the wheels.

8 - Refuel the machine, taking all necessary precautions.
9 - Remove the ignition key and lock the cab securely.
RYA19360
RYA20590
RYA20600
118
STOPPING THE ENGINE
17. STOPPING THE ENGINE
☞ IMPORTANT
• Do not switch off the engine when it is under stress, un-
less for an emergency. Switching off the engine while it is
under stress will shorten its working life.
• It is equally inadvisable to stop an engine that has been
under stress for a long period, and is therefore very hot.
In such cases it is as well to let the engine turn without
any load for about 5 minutes at a minimum acceleration RYAA0910
speed of 1200÷1300 rpm, in order to give it time to cool
down gradually before switching off.
The engine is switched off by turning the ignition key to the « »

(OFF) position.
RYA20740
119
18. TRANSPORTING THE MACHINE ON ANOTHER VEHICLE

18.1 LOADING AND UNLOADING
DANGER
• The loading and unloading of the machine must be carried out on level ground and at a safe distance
from the rim of any ditches or from the road.
• Block the transport vehicle with wedges in front of and behind all wheels.
• Make certain that the loading ramps are strong enough. If necessary, support them with blocks to avoid
dangerous bending.
• Make certain that the ramps are of equal length, firmly attached to the transport vehicle, parallel with
each other, and perpendicular to the tailboard. The distance between them should match the wheel-
base of the machine.
• Position the ramps at a maximum angle of 15°.
• Clean every trace of oil, grease, or ice from the ramps and the loading surface.
• Do not change direction on the ramps. If any correction is necessary, back down the ramps and try
again.
1 - The machine must ascend the ramps with the shovel (1) facing forwards and raised above the ground.
RYA20610
6
5 5
2
1
Max.15°
3 4 4
2 - When the machine is loaded, block the frame oscillation, rest

the front bucket on the flatbed, put the machine in NEUTRAL,
put on the hand brake and the control lever lock pin and fit
the articulation locking rod (7).
3 - Lower the backhoe bucket (2) onto the transport vehicle, low-
er the stabilizers (3) and engage the safety lever to block the
backhoe control lever.
4 - Switch off the engine and remove the ignition key.
5 - Block the machine with wedges (4) in front of and behind all
wheels. 7
RYA20620
120
6 - Tie the machine down with ropes or chains (5) from the an-
chor points as shown on the pictures (See «SUMMARY OF
PICTOGRAMS»).
7 - Protect the tip of the exhaust pipe (6).
RYA20360
RYA20640
RYA20650
18.2 TRANSPORT
1 - Measure the maximum dimensions of height, width, and weight of the transport vehicle and machine com-
bined. These measurements must be compatible with the route to be followed, including tunnels, underpass-
es, bridges, overhead power and telephone lines, etc.
2 - Respect all regulations in force as regards signals required, speed limits and the highway code, and request
any special permits, etc.
121
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING COLD WEATHER
19. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING COLD WEATHER

During cold weather, or in regions where the temperature drops markedly, especially at night, certain precautions
should be taken to limit damage caused by low temperatures.
19.1 FUEL AND LUBRICANTS

1 - Change the fuel to the winter type, ASTM D975 No. 1.
2 - Replace the engine oil with an oil of appropriate viscosity. For specifications, see «26. FUEL, COOLANT AND
LUBRICANTS».
19.2 COOLANT LIQUID
DANGER
• A coolant liquid containing anti-freeze is inflammable. Do not smoke or use naked flames while carry-
ing out checks or preparing the mixture.
• Never use an anti-freeze that has a base of methanol, ethanol or propanol.
1 - If no permanent type of anti-freeze is available, use a product that has an ethylene glycol base and anti-corro-
sive and anti-foaming additives.
Only use this mixture during the winter, and when changing the liquid (autumn or spring) wash out the coolant
circuit (See «28.10 OCCASIONAL MAINTENANCE»).
2 - When the ratio between anti-freeze and water needs to be calculated, take as reference the lowest recent
temperature and consider a temperature lower than 10°C. (See «25.1.2 COOLANT WATER»).
3 - Do not use sealing additives designed to seal leaks, either alone or added to the antifreeze.
4 - Do not combine different makes of anti-freeze.
5 - If using a permanent anti-freeze throughout the year, replacements and changes are unnecessary and there
is therefore no need to wash out the circuit.
6 - The standard makes recommended for a permanent anti-freeze are: SAE-J1034 and FEDERAL STANDARD
O-A-548D. If any doubt arises as to whether the available anti-freeze corresponds to these standards, contact
the manufacturer for more precise information.
122
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING COLD WEATHER
19.3 THE BATTERY
DANGER
• To avoid gas explosions, do not create sparks or use naked flames in the vicinity of the battery.
• The battery electrolyte is dangerous. If any drops get into the eyes or come into contact with the skin,
wash immediately with plenty of clean running water and consult your doctor.
• To avoid freezing of the liquid, add distilled water before beginning work.
1 - When the environmental temperature drops, battery and electrolyte capacity also diminishes. If the battery is
already getting low, it may freeze.
Keep it 100% charged and insulate it against low temperatures, so that the machine will be ready to start the
next day.
2 - Measure the specific weight of the fluid and check the % charge of the battery, using the following table:
RATE TEMPERATURE FLUID

OF
CHARGE 20°C 0°C -10°C -20°C
100% 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31
90% 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29
80% 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27
75% 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26
19.4 OTHER PRECAUTIONS

1 - Before using the machine at a normal working rhythm, first perform some slow forward and backward move-
ments, and move all shovel and backhoe cylinders slowly several times.
The purpose of these operations is to warm up and liquefy the oils of the hydraulic circuit, the axles and the
brakes.
19.5 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN ON COMPLETION OF WORK

1 - Mud and water should be completely removed from the body of the machine.
Park the machine on firm ground, and if it must be parked near to river-banks or ditches, place wooden planks
on the ground to distribute the weight of the machine over a wider area.
2 - Look out for drops of water that have formed on the hydraulic cylinder shafts. Any drops must be removed
completely because if they freeze they could cause damage to the cylinder gaskets.
Oil the cylinder shafts after the water-drops have been removed.
3 - Drain any condensation formed in the tank and sump in order to prevent this moisture from freezing during the
night.
4 - Since battery capacity can fall considerably at low temperatures, on completion of the day’s work cover the
battery, or take it away and keep it overnight in a place with a moderate temperature.
123
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING HOT WEATHER
20. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING HOT WEATHER

1 - As the weather passes from the colder to the warmer seasons, change the lubricants, the coolant liquid and
the fuel.
☞ IMPORTANT
• The coolant liquid only needs changing if it is not of the permanent type.
For specifications see «26. FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS».
2 - Check the state of the coolant fan belts.

3 - Check the cleanliness of the radiator blades and the oil-cooler.
4 - Check the washer and spring of the radiator cap. If in any doubt as to its leaktightness or the setting, change
the cap.
124
USING THE MACHINE AS A LOADING SHOVEL
21. USING THE MACHINE AS A LOADING SHOVEL
DANGER
• Always fasten the safety belt.
• Always warn other people present at the work-site by sounding horn.
☞ IMPORTANT
• The illustrations provided here are fundamental and necessary for the correct use and exploitation of
the machine. The Operator should familiarise himself with the controls, the methods described and the
use of the position indicators for the shovel, and accustom himself to freeing his working area of all ob-
stacles, using low gears and while seated in his driving seat.
21.1 SHOVEL POSITION INDICATOR RYA20660
With this indicator the Operator always knows the position of the
shovel with respect to the ground. The position of the shovel
when on the ground is given by the return of the rod (1) until it is
level with the guide tube (2).
1
21.2 ORGANISATION OF THE WORKING

AREA
If, from an initial inspection, the area appears to be fragmented,
encumbered with large obstacles, or involves marked differenc-
es in level, it is advisable to level the surface as far as possible
before starting work, in the interests of both the loading shovel
and the vehicles to be loaded.
These preliminary operations will shorten the time needed for
the job, and will give a better result from the point of view not on-
ly of psycho-physical fatigue in the Operator but also of wear and
tear on the various parts of the machine. It will also notably re- RYA20670
duce the time needed to load the lorries transporting the materi-
al.
The working area to be freed of obstacles envisages the use of
one lorrie positioned as shown in the figure. Any other configura-
tion should envisage shovel movements reduced to the neces-
sary minimum.
125
21.2.1 LOADING PILED UP OR FLAT MATERIAL

The efficiency of the shovel depends on the way in which the
Operator starts the loading operation. Follow these rules:
1 - Start transferring the load by directing the shovel towards the
base of the pile.
2 - As the higher material falls and fills the bucket, gradually
raise the booms and at the same time bring the front bucket
back to the end of its stroke.
3 - Put the machine into reverse and unload the bucket into the
lorry.
RYA20680
☞ IMPORTANT
• Start loading the lorry from the driving cab side and, if the
material is sufficiently uniform, unload from maximum
height in order to increase compaction of the material and
its distribution over the loading surface.
RYA20690
RYA20700
21.2.2 LOADING MATERIAL ON A SLOPE
DANGER
• Ascend the slope with the shovel in front. This rule is also valid for loading.
• Back down the slope in reverse gear with the shovel in front and the bucket lowered.
• Change direction slowly and with the shovel as low as possible.
• Avoid at all costs getting into a position across the fall-line of the slope.
• Sudden movements of the shovel or dangerous positions could cause the machine to overturn and
lead to serious damage or fatal injury.
126
21.3 CHANGING THE FRONT BUCKET

1
DANGER 3 2
• When coupling pins are being assembled or dismantled,
metal splinters may fly. Always wear gloves, protective
glasses and a helmet.
• When changing equipment, someone else must give as-
sistance. It is important to agree on the phrases and ges-
tures to be employed. 1 2
• Do not use fingers to line up the holes, because there is a RYA20710
danger of injury or amputation.

• The procedures described also apply to the coupling of
mechanical joins for the optional equipment.
1 - Place the bucket on the ground on a level surface.

2 - Remove the retaining nuts (1) and the coupling pins (2).
3 - Position the new bucket (3), taking care to clean thoroughly
the pins and bushings, and to grease the pins slightly before
reassembling them.
4 - Reassemble the retaining nuts of the pins and lock them.
5 - Lubricate the pins with the appropriate grease. (See «26.1
LUBRICATION DIAGRAM»).
127
USING THE MACHINE TO DIG
22. USING THE MACHINE TO DIG
DANGER
• Use the machine for digging purposes only after having rotated the driving seat 180° with respect to the
normal driving position. For the procedure to be followed, see «22.2 POSITIONING THE MACHINE FOR
DIGGING».
• Always fasten the safety belt before starting any operation.
• Always lower the stabilizers before beginning any digging job.
• When starting work, use the horn to warn persons in the vicinity.
22.1 POSITIONING THE BUCKET IN FUNC- RWA00950
TION OF THE JOB TO BE DONE
DANGER POS. 1
• When inserting the bucket pins in the connections of the
arm and the thrusting boom, look out for metal splinters POS. 2
that might detach themselves and wound the Operator.
• Always use protective glasses, heavy gloves and a hel-
met.
• Never use fingers to line up the holes. The fingers could
be amputated by unexpected or uncontrolled movements.
POSITIONING THE BUCKET

The bucket has two positions:
Pos. 1: suitable for normal digging operations, in which the buck-
et exerts the greatest force.
Pos. 2: suitable for working on vertical walls, allowing maximum
rotation and maximum digging height on a wall.
In this position the tearing force is reduced.
128
22.2 POSITIONING THE MACHINE FOR

DIGGING 2
1
DANGER
• Before moving the equipment, check that no-one is stand-
ing in the working area.
• Before moving the equipment make sure that the stabiliz-
5 cm
ers are in position.
• Before raising the stabilizers, draw the equipment back to- RYA19410
wards the machine, or rest it on the ground.
• Perform all possible movements and check that the con-
trol levers are functioning correctly.
• If visibility is poor, or there are any underground mains in
the area, work at a reduced speed and engage the assist-
ance of another person.
2
1 - Position the machine centrally with respect to the digging
line. 1
☞ IMPORTANT
• If this condition is impossible, because it is necessary to RYA19420
dig behind walls or on banks, move the backhoe sideways
(See «22.3 SIDEWAYS MOVEMENT OF THE DIGGING
GROUP»).
2 - Remove the anti-rotation pin of the boom, thread it into the

hole provided, and remove the safety pin from the boom.
(See «10.2 SAFETY DEVICES FOR THE BACKHOE»).
3 - Lower the front bucket (1) to the ground. Enforce this position
until the front wheels (2) lift off the ground, which will transfer
the weight of the machine to the bucket. Engage the hand-
brake.
4 - Check that the gearbox is in neutral, and block the front shov-
el control lever.
5 - Swivel the driving seat 180°, fasten the safety belt, accelerate
the motor to 1500÷1600 rpm, and lower the stabilizers (1) un-
til the rear wheels (2) are partially raised.
This manoeuvre stabilizes the machine and avoids overload-
ing the rear tires.
6 - Unblock the safety devices on the backhoe control levers and
start to dig.
129
22.3 SIDEWAYS MOVEMENT OF THE EX-

2
CAVATOR GROUP
3
☞ IMPORTANT
• Before moving the excavator group, check that the exten-
sion guides are clean and greased.
1 - Lower the stabilizers (1) to take the load off the rear tires and
to stop the machine from swaying.
2 - Rotate the boom (2) to the back of the machine. 1 RYA19430
3 - Manipulate the bucket and the arm until the teeth of the buck-
et are perpendicular to the ground when the arm forms an
angle of approximately 90° with the boom. “Point the teeth to-
wards the ground.
4 - Unblock the digging group (lever 17 - see «12.2.3 BACKHOE
CONTROLS»).
5 - Extend the group by manipulating the arm.
CAUTION
• Perform this manoeuvre with gentle opening and closing
movements of the control lever of the arm, in such a way
that the extension support remains vertical, thus facilitat-
ing the movement of extension.
6 - Block the group.
130
22.4 DIGGING METHOD
DANGER
• The geometry of the rotation fulcrums of the booms and the bucket makes it possible to dig even be-
yond the lines of the stabilizers, thus undermining the surface on which the machine is standing. Never
dig beyond the fulcrum line of the boom in case the ground gives way and causes the machine to over-
turn.
1 - During the attack phase, hold the bucket at the precise angle of penetration.
2 - Once the desired depth has been reached, position the bucket with its back parallel to the bottom of the dig,
and begin to fill it.
3 - While scraping up loose earth, the bucket and the 1st and arms must be moved simultaneously. Combined
movements facilitate the filling of the bucket, and therefore increase productivity.
4 - Keep earth removal to the correct depth, or at any rate to a depth appropriate to the type of soil. An exagger-
ated depth might block movement by overloading the engine and the pump, thus slowing the digging speed.
5 - When unloading onto a pile, unload the bucket as soon as it approaches the unloading area. The inertia creat-
ed by the movement will ensure compaction of the material without any need to use the bucket.
RWA00500
CORRECT
The bucket is working with the flat sur-
face parallel to the ground
RWA00510
INCORRECT
The bucket is being pushed downwards,
thus slowing up the work
3
RWA00520
RWA00530
INCORRECT
The bucket is being pulled upwards, and CORRECT DIGGING METHODS
is therefore not filling completely (Sequence 1 - 2 - 3)
131
22.5 CHANGING THE BACKHOE BUCKET
DANGER 2
1
• When coupling pins are being assembled or dismantled,
metal splinters may fly. Always wear gloves, protective
glasses and a helmet.
3
• When changing equipment, someone else must give as- 3
sistance. It is important to agree on the phrases and ges-
tures to be employed.
• Do not use fingers to line up the holes, because there is a RWA03670
danger of injury or amputation.

• The procedures described also apply to the coupling of
mechanical joins for the optional equipment.
1 - Place on a level surface, turning it so that the flat part of the

back of the bucket rests on the ground.
2 - In this order remove the gudgeon pin of the tie (1) and the
connecting pin from the arm (2).
3 - Position the new bucket, taking care to clean thoroughly the
pins and bushings, and to grease the pins slightly before re-
assembling them.
☞ IMPORTANT
• First of of all assemble the coupling with the arm.
4 - Reassemble the safety clips (3) of the pins.

5 - Lubricate the pins with the appropriate grease (See «26.1
LUBRICATION DIAGRAM»).
132
22.6 REMOVING THE BACKHOE AND THE COUNTERWEIGHT FROM THE

MACHINE
22.6.1 REMOVING THE BACKHOE
1
☞ IMPORTANT
• The machine is approved to circulate with the backhoe or
with a counterweight which replaces it (See «22.7.1 IN-
STALLING THE COUNTERWEIGHT»); absence of one of
the devices changes the weight distribution of the ma-
chine making it unstable.
• It is absolutely forbidden to use the machine without the
backhoe or counterweight; non observance of this norm
RYA20520
creates a serious risk of the machine overturning.
• Removal and storage of the backhoe must be carried out
on a solid and level ground.
2
• During removal, wear protective gloves and goggles to
protect the person from possible high pressure oil leaks.
• If the backhoe is going to be idle for lengthy periods, prop
it up using safety blocks placed on its sides underneath
its frame. 1
To remove the backhoe from the machine, use the following pro-
cedures:
1 - Find the exact spot where the backhoe is to be placed. RYA20890
2 - Position the backhoe at the center of the machine and block it
in this position; lower the stabilizers to the ground exerting a
slight pressure on all of them.
3 - Place the bucket on the ground as in the case for transporta-
3
tion, the arm vertical and the bucket fully folded (PHASE 1).
2 2
4 - Insert the blocking pin of the control levers for the backhoe
and the handbrake. (See «10. SAFETY DEVICES»).
5 - Open the rear cab window after having raised the lower win-
dow completely (see «14.1 CAB DESCRIPTION»).
2
6 - Remove the activating lever for the pantach device from the
assigned location in the cabin and fully insert it into the acti-
vating fulcrum (PHASE 2).
RYA20900
7 - Turn the lever (1) clockwise to disconnect the backhoe.
8 - Disconnect the blocking levers of the backhoe controls and
force the stabilizers to lift the backhoe until it is freed from the
attachments (2) of the machine (PHASE 3). 4
CAUTION
• Operate the stabilizers so that the backhoe is lifted paral-
lel to the attachments of the machine.
50 cm
RYA20910
133
9 - Rotate the seat, release the handbrake and traverse the

machine forwards for about 50 cm (PHASE 4).
10 - Reinsert the handbrake and switch off the engine. 4
3
CAUTION
• Before proceeding with the final disconnection of the
backhoe and if a long period of idleness is expected, sup-
port the frame with security blocks.
11 - Disconnect from the backhoe the delivery tube (3) of the hy- RYA20920
draulic circuit and the discharge tube from the machine (4).
12 - Connect the delivery tube (3) to the discharge coupling box
of the machine and the discharge tube (4) to the coupling
box of the backhoe remaining free.
13 - Remove the cotters (5) securing the rear light units (6) on 3
the lower backhoe guides. 4
14 - Locate the rear light units in the mounts intended for their in-
stallation when the machine is used without the backhoe.
DANGER
• Removal of the backhoe causes a severe imbalance in
weight distribution making the machine very unstable. RYA20930
If the machine is to be used without the backhoe, installa-
tion of the counterweight is essential to correctly redis-
tribute the weight of the machine (See «22.7.1
INSTALLATION OF THE COUNTERWEIGHT»).
15 - If a long period of idleness for the backhoe is expected, lu- 5

bricate the parts which are not varnished and ensure that
the backhoe is protected against atmospheric agents (rain, 6
fog, snow, etc.).
RYAA0920
134
22.6.2 INSTALLING THE BACKHOE ON THE MA-

CHINE
DANGER
• All movements of the machine must be carried out using
the slow gear and at working speed (See «12.2.1 MA-
CHINE CONTROLS»).
• Even if the procedure can be carried out alone by the op-
erator, the help of another person is preferable. 50 cm
RYA21660
• Do not use fingers to align the centers of the holes; there
is the danger of severe injury or amputation.
• During installation, wear protective gloves and goggles to
safeguard the person against possible high pressure oil
leaks.
1 2
After removing the counterweight from the machine (See
«22.7.2 REMOVING THE COUNTERWEIGHT»), proceed as fol-
lows:
1 - Clean and lubricate the pivots and the joints of the pan-tach
device of the backhoe; control that it is functioning properly.
2 - Reverse towards the backhoe stopping at about 50 cm from
it.
RYA20940
CAUTION
• The machine must be centered with respect to the back-
hoe, with the attachments parallel to the frame of the
backhoe and the wheels perfectly aligned.
3 - Turn off the engine, detach the tubes (1-2) connected when
the backhoe was removed and connect them as shown in the
figure.
4 - Turn on the engine, and by moving the control levers of the
stabilizers, lift the digging equipment to a height which allows
the lower hook to be accessed.
135
5 - Reverse the machine right up against the backhoe; by mov-

ing the control levers of the stabilizers, lower the digging
equipment onto the attachments (3) in the bottom guide
rails (4).
6 - Fit the pan-tach control lever (5) and turn it to the right so
that the upper securing pins retract.
7 - Move the control of the boom in order to vertically align the 5
digging unit with the machine and thus align the upper
hooking holes.
8 - Bring in the stabilizers until the holes (6) are aligned on the
horizontal axis. RYA19210
9 - Turn the activating lever of the pan-tach device towards the
left, to the end of its range of movement until the backhoe is
inserted.
10 - Locate the rear light units in their seats at the sides of the
lower backhoe guides.
CAUTION
• Before moving the machine, ensure that the backhoe is
properly inserted and secured.
3
4
RYA19200
136
22.7 INSTALLING THE COUNTERWEIGHT

22.7.1 INSTALLING THE COUNTERWEIGHT
2
DANGER 1
• In order to lift the counterweight the use of a bridge crane
or any other approved lifting device is required.
• Attach the counterweight with ropes or chains commen-
surate with the mass of the counterweight, which are in
good state and conforming to current norms. 7
• For lifting, use the marked attachment points. 7
RYA19220
• Carry out the installation with two people who have decid-
ed how to communicate clearly beforehand.
• Avoid inserting hands between the machine and the coun-
terweight since there is the danger of squashing or ampu- 4
tation.
3
5
In order to install the counterweight follow the procedures below:

1 - Remove the closure (2) from the counterweight (1).
2 - Clean and lubricate the pivots and the joints of the pan-tach
(3) rapid blocking device and control that it is functioning
RYA19230
properly.
3 - Attach the ropes or the lifting chains (4) to the appropriate
hooks (5), indicated by signs; put the ropes or chains under
tension to make sure that the lifting occurs on a level plain.
4 - Lift the counterweight and position it 20 cm away from the
machine, centered and at a height which allows the upper
and lower attachments to be carried out.
137
5 - Slowly bring the counterweight closer to the machine paying

attention to the centering so that the closing support of the
cabin slots in without damaging the gaskets.
6 - Fit the pan-tach control lever (6) and turn it to the right so
that the upper securing pins retract.
7 - Maintaining the position of the control lever (6), slowly lower
the counterweight (1) making sure that the upper and lower
attachments slot into the holding and centering positions. 6
8 - Turn the pan-tach control lever (6) fully to the left to secure
the counterweight.
1 RYA19240
CAUTION
• Before proceeding, carefully control that the counter-
weight is securely inserted in its proper position and
blocked. 2
9 - Detach the lifting ropes or chains. 1

10 - Fit the closure (2) and check that the reflectors (7) are in
good condition for road transport.
7
7 RYA19250
22.7.2 REMOVING THE COUNTERWEIGHT FROM THE MACHINE

In order to remove the counterweight from the machine carry out the installation procedure in reverse.
138
FAULT IDENTIFICATION
23. FAULT IDENTIFICATION

23.1 IF THE FUEL TANK IS EMPTY
Before starting up the motor after all fuel in the tank has been used up, and air has got into the supply circuit, this
air must be removed. For the necessary procedure see «28.7 EVERY 500 HOURS».
23.2 IF THE BATTERY IS FLAT
DANGER
• When checking or working on the battery, switch off the
engine and make sure that the ignition key is in position
« ».
• The battery produces hydrogen which could explode. Do
not approach the battery with a naked flame, do not
smoke, and do not create sparks in the vicinity of the bat-
tery. RWA01060
• The electrolyte is composed of diluted sulphuric acid that

is capable of corroding clothing and the skin. If there is REMOVAL
any contact wash the fouled area immediately with plenty
of running water.
If the acid has got into the eyes, wash them at once with 1 2
plenty of clean running water and consult a doctor.
• When working on the battery always wear protective
glasses and gloves.
• When removing a battery, first disconnect the earthing ca-
ble (-). When installing a battery first connect the positive
cable (+).
RWA01370
• If a tool touches the positive terminal and the machine

body at the same time there will be a danger of sparks and
hence of an explosion.
INSTALLATION
• Tighten the connecting terminals carefully because incor-
rect contacts can lead to sparking and therefore to an ex- 2 1
plosion.
RWA01700
RWA01800
139
23.2.1 START-UP USING AUXILIARY CABLES
DANGER
• When starting the engine from another vehicle, connect the batteries in parallel.
• When connecting the cables, avoid contact between the positive (+) and negative (-) cables.
• When starting the engine with auxiliary cables, always wear safety glasses.
• Take care to avoid contact between the machine to be started and the vehicle supplying power, to pre-
vent sparking and hence the explosion of hydrogen produced by the batteries.
The explosion of a battery can cause serious damage and injuries.
• Make sure that the starting cables do not get mixed up, and connect the earthing cable (-) last, and as
far as possible from the battery.
• Take great care when removing the starting cables. See that the cables detached from the battery do
not touch any other part of the machine, to prevent hydrogen explosions.
☞ IMPORTANT
• The cables and clamps should be appropriate for the voltage load to be transferred.
• The battery used for start-up should have a capacity greater than or at least equal to that of the engine
to be started.
• Check that the cables and clamps are neither corroded nor damaged.
• Check that the clamps make firm contact with the terminals.
CABLE CONNECTION AND ENGINE START-UP RWA00740
1 - Make sure that the ignition key is in position « ». A

2 - Join up the positive poles (+) of the two batteries (A).
3 - Connect the negative terminal cable (-) of the fully charged
battery to the earthing block of the engine to be started (B). 2 1 1
4 - Start the engine of the vehicle that is running normally, and
accelerate hard. Charged Spent
battery battery
5 - Start the engine of the defective machine. (See «15.2
STARTING THE ENGINE»). B Engine block
2 to be starded
REMOVING THE CABLES RWA00850
Once the engine has fired remove the cables in the inverse order A
of connection.
1 - Disconnect the negative cable (-) from the earthing block of
the engine and then from the battery (B).
1 2 2
2 - First disconnect the positive cable (+) from the the battery
used for start-up, and then from the flat battery (A). Charged Spent
battery battery
B Engine motor
1 to be started
140
23.3 OTHER FAULTS

(•): Always contact your Komatsu Utility Agent when these operations become necessary.
• : In the case where the irregularity or its cause cannot be found in the faults indicated, contact your Komatsu
Utility Agent for the necessary repairs.
23.3.1 ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
FAULT CAUSE REMEDY
The headlights do not give enough • Defective wiring. (•) Check and repair the loose termi-
light even when the engine is turning nals and connections.
fast:
• Fan-belt tension incorrect. • Adjust the fan-belt tension (See
The headlights go on and off when the
EVERY 250 HOURS).
engine is running:
The warning light for the alternator • Faulty alternator. (•) Replace.
does not go out when the engine is • Defective wiring. (•) Check and repair.
running and is accelerated:
The alternator makes a strange noise: • Faulty alternator. (•) Replace.

The starting motor does not turn when • Defective wiring. (•) Check and repair.
the key is turned to ignition position: • Battery not sufficiently charged. • Charge the battery.
The pinion of the starting motor con- • Battery not sufficiently charged. • Charge the battery.
nects at first and then loses connec-
tion:
The starting motor turns the engine • Battery not sufficiently charged. • Charge the battery.
slowly: • Faulty starting motor. (•) Replace.
The starting motor cuts out before the • Defective wiring. (•) Check and repair.
engine has fired: • Battery not sufficiently charged • Charge the battery.
The engine oil low pressure warning • Faulty lamp. (•) Replace.
light does not come on when the • Faulty pressure sensor. (•) Replace.
engine is switched off (ignition key at
pos. « »):
The alternator charging warning light • Faulty lamp. (•) Replace.

does not come on when the engine is • Defective wiring. (•) Check and repair.
switched off (ignition key at pos. « »):
23.3.2 HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT EQUIPMENT
FAULT CAUSE REMEDY
The pump makes a strange noise: • Lack of oil in tank. • Bring it back to normal level.
• Defective pump. (•) Repair and replace.
• Hydraulic oil not suitable for temper- • Replace.
ature.
The equipement control levers do not • Return spring broken or shuttle (•) Replace spring or distributor ele-
automatically return to neutral: seized up. ment.
The equipement will only move slowly: • Defective pump. (•) Repair or replace.
• Valves have lost calibration, are de- (•) Calibrate or replace.
fective, or do not close due to pres-
ence of impurities.
• Dirty drainage filter. • Replace.
141
23.3.3 BRAKING SYSTEMS
FAULT CAUSE REMEDY
Braking is irregular in both wheels: • Brake discs worn. (•) Replace.

• Lack of oil in brake pumps. (•) Restore the level and bleed the cir-
cuit.
• Air in the braking circuit. (•) Bleed the circuit.
Braking is irregular on only one side: • Air in the braking circuit. (•) Bleed the circuit.
• Brake disc worn. (•) Replace.
23.3.4 HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSION
FAULT CAUSE REMEDY
The machine moves neither forwards • Insufficient oil level. • Top up oil.
nor backwards: • Transmission filter blocked. • Replace filter.
• Elastic coupling joint. (•) Substitute joint.
• Valves defective or dirty. (•) Clean or replace valves.
• Mechanical connection with the po- (•) Remake connection.
sitioning valve interrupted - loose
positioning lever.
• Variable capacity engine defective. (•) Repair or substitute.
The machine moves late - Abnormal • Low oil level. • Top up oil.
noise: • Formation of foam. • Use the prescribed oil.
• Seal of the aspiration tube. (•) Control and eliminate loss.
• Transmission filter blocked. • Replace.
• Valves defective or dirty. (•) Undo and clean or replace.
• Variable capacity engine defective. (•) Repair or replace.
The traction force is insufficient in both • The endothermic engine does not (•) Replace the diesel oil filter control
directions: reach the maximum regime. the injection pump.
• Auxiliary supply pump (with gears) (•) Repair or replace.
defective.
• Valves not calibrated. (•) Calibrate.
• Connection to powered steering de- (•) Reestablish connection - reposi-
fective - wrong lever angle. tion the lever.
• Pressure reducing valves not cali- (•) Calibrate.
brated properly.
• High oil temperature. • Control oil level and clean the ex-
changer.
The traction force is insufficient for one • Endothermic engine greatly over- • Reduce loads due to lifting.
direction only: loaded.
• Maximum exertion pressure valve (•) Calibrate the valve.
not properly calibrated with respect
to direction of movement.
142
FAULT CAUSE REMEDY
Overheating of oil: • Low oil level. • Top up oil.

• Exchanger obstructed or dirty. (•) Control and if necessary replace.
• Unsuitable oil. • Used prescribed oil.
• Seal of the aspiration tube. (•) Control and eliminate the loss.
• Calibration and operation of maxi- (•) Control calibration, repair or re-
mum pressure exertion valves. place.
• Axial piston pump defective. (•) Repair or replace.
• Pressure reduction valves with high (•) Calibrate the valve.
calibration.
The machine does not reach the maxi- • Transmission filter blocked. • Replace filter.
mum speed selected: • The endothermic engine does not (•) Replace fuel filter and control in-
reach the maximum regime. jection pump.
• Auxiliary supply pump (with gears) (•) Control capacity, repair or replace.
defective.
• Pilot pressure insufficient. (•) Calibrate.
• Pressure reducing valves not cali- (•) Calibrate to nominal value.
brated properly.
The machine suddenly decelerates: • Mechanical connection with the le- (•) Control continuity of rotation.
ver of the servocontrol is hardened.
The machine accelerates slowly: • Drop in engine power. (•) Control the state of the fuel filter,
the injection pump and valves.
• Pressure reducing valves not cali- (•) Calibrate to the nominal value.
brated properly.
Oil leaks from engine and/or pump • Seal rings defective. (•) Replace.
drive shaft: • Counter pressure in the body of the (•) Drainage tubes obstructed or
pump. damaged.
• By-pass valve calibration too high. (•) Control and reset.
143
23.3.5 ENGINE
FAULT CAUSE REMEDY
The warning light for low oil pressure • Low oil level in the crankcase sump. • Restore the level.
remains on even when the engine is • The oil filter is clogged. • Replace filter.
turning at high speed: • Oil unsuitable for the season. • Change oil.
Steam is coming out of the breather • Low liquid level, leakages. • Add liquid, repair.
tube of the radiator: • Fan-belt loose. • Check tension of fan-belt.
• Accumulations of sludge or limes- • Change the liquid and clean out the
cale in the coolant circuit. coolant circuit.
• The radiator fins damaged or • Repair or clean.
closed.
• Thermostat defective. (•) Replace.
• Radiator cap loosened, damaged, or • Tighten the cap or replace the
the machine is working at high alti- group.
tude.
The temperature indicator always • Temperature indicator defective. (•) Replace the instrument.
remains at the bottom right-hand of
the scale:
Temperature indicator needle always • Thermostat defective. (•) Replace.

remains at the bottom lefthand of the • Instrument defective. (•) Replace.
scale:
The engine does not fire when the • Lack of fuel. • Refuel.
starting motor turns: • Air in the fuel supply system. • Bleed air out of the system.
• Compression defect (incorrect valve (•) Regulate valve clearance.
clearance).
The exhaust gases are either white or • Too much oil in the crankcase sump. • Restore the level.
pale blue: • Wrong type of fuel. • Replace with a fuel that conforms
with specifications.
The exhaust gases are occasionally • Air filter clogged. • Clean or replace.
blackish in colour: • Injector defective. (•) Replace.
• Compression defective. (•) Regulate valve clearance.
The combustion sometimes makes a • Injector defective. (•) Replace.
noise like a hum:
Strange noises (either from the com- • Fuel with a low cetanic rating. • Replace with a fuel that conwith
bustion or from the mechanical parts): specifications.
• Overheating. • See «Defects in the temperature in-
dicator».
• Silencer damaged internally. (•) Replace.
• Excessive valve clearance. (•) Regulate valve clearance.
144
MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE GUIDE
24. MAINTENANCE GUIDE

• Before proceeding to the opening of the engine housing, position the safety devices of the front shovel and the
backhoe.
• If the level of the hydraulic oil tank is to be checked, put the machine into its transport position (See «10. SA-
FETY DEVICES»).
• Perform these operations on firm, level ground and with the hand-brake engaged.
• Use original Komatsu Utility oils or grease, and select the most suitable oils for the environmental temperature.
• Use clean oils and grease. Make sure that the containers are clean and that no foreign matter can get into ei-
ther the oil or the grease.
• Keep the machine scrupulously clean. This helps to identify any parts that are behaving irregularly.
The lubrication points, the breather outlets, and areas adjacent to the level controls must be kept particularly
clean in order to prevent the penetration of foreign bodies.
• It is dangerous to drain either water or oil immediately after completion of work. Wait until the engine has cooled
down to a safe temperature of 40÷45°C.
• When the oil is changed and the filters replaced, check for the presence of particles of metal and, if found in lar-
ge quantities, consult your Komatsu Utility Agent.
• Check and change the oil in a clean place to prevent impurities from penetrating into the tank.
• Before carrying out any maintenance, hang warning notices on the ignition, the control levers, and the cab door,
to prevent any possibility of someone switching on the engine.
• While carrying out maintenance work, follow the precautions recommended by the safety notices attached to
the machine.
• Instructions for arc-welding:
- Turn the ignition key to « ».
- Disconnect the battery (first the negative pole and then the positive pole).
- Disconnect the alternator.
- Do not use a current exceeding 200 V DC.
- Connect the earthing cable within 1 metre of the point at which the weld is to be made.
- Do not place gaskets or bearings between the welding area and the earthing cable.
• Do not use inflammable liquids to clean the pieces. Avoid naked flames and do not smoke.
• When seals or O-rings are dismantled, clean the sealing surfaces thoroughly and replace the seals or O-rings.
When re-assembling the group, take care with the assembly of the seals.
• Remember not to keep objects or tools in your pockets. They could fall into the interior of the machine when you
bend down.
• Clean the machine, taking care not to direct the high- pressure water-jet onto the radiator or the oil-cooler.
• When washing, protect the switches of the electrical circuit and do not wet the ignition switch.
• Before starting to work on muddy ground, in the rain, or on the banks of rivers or the sea, carry out a general lu-
brication.
On completion of the job, wash the machine immediately to protect the parts from rust. Lubricate the articulated
joints of the equipment more frequently than is envisaged by normal maintenance schedules.
• If working in a dusty environment:
- Check frequently whether the air filter is clogged, and shorten the prescribed cleaning intervals.
- Clean the radiator and the oil-coolers frequently to prevent clogging of the fins.
- Replace the diesel oil filter more frequently.
- Clean the electrical components. In particular remove dust from the alternator and from the starting motor.
146
MAINTENANCE GUIDE
• Do not mix oils of different makes.

If the oils available differ from the one currently in use, do not use them to top up, but change the oils comple-
tely for those available.
DANGER
• Oils, filters, coolant liquids and batteries are considered to be special waste products and must be kept
and disposed of according to the anti-pollution laws in force.
• Combustible material from cercertain component parts (for example, some gaskets) can become extre-
mely dangerous if burnt. Therefore take care not to bring such materials into contact with the skin or
the eyes, and avoid breathing the fumes.
147
MAINTENANCE NOTES
25. MAINTENANCE NOTES

• Only use original Komatsu Utility replacement parts.
• Do not mix different qualities of oil.
• Unless specified differently, the oils and coolants used by Komatsu Utility for the first refuelling on delivery of
the machine are:
FUEL TYPE SPECIFICATIONS
• Engine oil SAE 10W-30

API classification CD
• Hydraulic system oil SAE 10W-30

• Hydrostatic transmission oil SAE 10W-30

• Front and rear axle oil, reduction gear and final re- SPECIAL TRANSMISSION FLUID 68/F-100
duction gear oil Classification UTTO FLUID
• Braking system oil ANDROS FLUID II D

Classification GM DEXRON® II D
• Fuel Ambient temperature above -10ºC:

ASTM D975 no. 2 diesel oil
Ambient temperature below -10ºC:

ASTM D975 no. 1 diesel oil
• Radiator Permanent, ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, with

corrosion inhibitor for protection up to -26°C
•GM DEXRON® II D (DEXRON® is a registered trademark of General Motors Corporation)
25.1 MAINTENANCE NOTES ON THE ENGINE

25.1.1 ENGINE OIL
• The engine oil is the engine lubricant and must therefore be chosen with the greatest care, because the engine
is the heart of the machine. The chief maintenance operations involving the engine oil are:
1 - Daily checks on the level.
2 - A check for any possible contamination.
3 - Periodic oil changes.
25.1.2 COOLANT WATER

• The coolant liquid keeps the engine at the correct temperature and hence in optimum working condition. Check
the radiator level daily, and top it up as and when necessary.
• A coolant liquid containing anti-freeze is inflammable, so do not use naked flames in the vicinity, and do not
smoke while refilling.
148
MAINTENANCE NOTES
• The addition of anti-freeze to the coolant water will depend on the minimum temperature of the locality in which
the machine is working.
Use the following table as a reference:
AMOUNT OF ANTI-FREEZE TO BE MIXED WITH THE WATER
Minimum
Environmental
-5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30
Temperature
(°C)
Amount
of anti-freeze 3.5 3.8 5.4 6.3 6.9 7.5
(l)
Amount
of water 11.5 11.2 9.6 8.7 8.1 7.5
(l)
• Use drinking water and in any case soft water (water defined as not hard).
• Do not use anti-corrosive agents containing soluble oils because they will damage the rubber manifolds.
• If in any doubt, consult your Komatsu Utility Agent.
25.1.3 FUEL
• Always use the most suitable fuel for the engine. Other fuels with different specifications could damage the en-
gine or reduce its power.
• Always refuel at the end of the day’s work.
• When refuelling, check that there is no water in the cap of the fuel drum, and take care not to draw condensate
from the bottom of the drum.
• If the machine ever runs out of fuel, or following a change of fuel filter, always bleed the air out of the pipes.
25.2 MAINTENANCE NOTES ON THE HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT

• Take great care when carrying out maintenance on the hydraulic circuit because the oil is extremely hot by the
end of a day’s work.
Pressure in the circuit is high not only while working, but also after the work is finished.
• The maintenance operations required on the hydraulic circuit are:
1 - Daily check of the level of the oil tank.
2 - Periodic replacement of the oil transmission filter.
3 - Periodic oil-change and cleaning of the suction filter.
• Always expel any air from the circuit after changing the oil filter or the oil.
• When any part of the circuit is dismantled, check the seals and the O-rings. If they are damaged, replace them.
• When re-assembling a cylinder or a part of the hydraulic circuit that has been moved, expel the air as follows:
1 - Start the engine and keep it turning at low revs.
2 - Move all cylinders 4 or 5 times, halting them at about 100 mm from the end of their stroke.
3 - Let each cylinder make 3 or 4 complete strokes slowly.
149
MAINTENANCE NOTES
25.3 MAINTENANCE NOTES ON THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

• If the cables are damp or their insulation is damaged, the electrical system will disperse current and there could
be a risk of malfunction of the machine.
• The maintenance operations required by the electrical system are:
1 - Check the tension of the alternator belt.
2 - Check for damage or rupture of the alternator belt.
3 - Check the level of the battery electrolyte.
• Do not remove or dismantle any component installed on the machine, and do not install any components that
do not possess Komatsu Utility approved characteristics.
• Do not allow the electrical system to get wet from washing water or rain.
• When working for long periods on the banks of rivers, lakes or the seaside, protect all connecting plugs with an-
ti-corrosive agents.
• Do not connect any optional devices to the fuses, the starting switch, the battery, the relays, etc. For every op-
tional installation, first consult your Komatsu Utility Agent.
• If electric welding is necessary, disconnect the battery and the alternator.
25.4 MAINTENANCE NOTES REGARDING LUBRICATION

• Lubrication helps to smooth the operations performed with the machine and the working equipment, guards
against wear and tear, and prevents noise that would otherwise be made by the articulated joints if they were
allowed to become dry.
• Lubrication maintenance requires:
1 - Checks on the levels.
2 - Oil changes.
3 - Injections of grease through the grease nipples.
• Use always and only the specified lubricants in accordance with the environmental temperature.
• Always clean the grease nipples before injecting grease and, after lubrication, remove every trace of lubricant
that has leaked out. Rotating parts should be cleaned scrupulously.
• Maintain accurate levels, because levels that are too high or too low could cause damage.
150
MAINTENANCE NOTES
25.5 PARTS THAT WEAR OUT FAST AND THAT NEED REPLACING PERIOD-
ICALLY
• Parts that wear out easily, such as filters, bucket teeth, etc., should be replaced during periodic maintenance or
as soon as they reach the limits of wear by abrasion.
Replace only with Komatsu Utility original parts, which are the only ones that ensure quality and interchangea-
bility.
ITEM CODE NAME Q.ty CHANGE INTERVAL
Hydraulic oil filter 848001080 Cartridge 1 (Clean or replace)

EVERY 250 HOURS
Hydrostatic transmission filter 848101076 Cartridge 1 EVERY 500 HOURS
Engine oil filter YM129150-35152 Cartridge 1 EVERY 500 HOURS
Fuel filter YM119802-55800 Cartridge 1 EVERY 500 HOURS
Air filter 848101175 Main cartridge 1 WHEN REQUIRED

848101176 Safety cartridge 1 WHEN REQUIRED
Front bucket 312204054 Teeth AR —

801580085 Screw AR —
801703012 Nut AR —
Backhoe bucket 825010042 Teeth AR —

825010039 Cap AR —
825010038 Tie-rod AR —
151
FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS
26. FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS

CORRECT CHOICE IN FUNCTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE
CAPACITY (l)
ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE
PART REFUELLED TYPE OF FLUID
-20 -10 0 10 20 30°C 1st filling Change
SAE 10W
OIL SAE 20W-20

Crankcase sump 10 10
API CD SAE 30
SAE 40
Only shovel:
Hydrostatic transmis- OIL 100
sion and hydraulic cir- SAE 10W-30 65
API CD With
cuit
backhoe:
133
OIL
GM DEXRON® II D
(DEXRON® is a regi-
Braking system 0,5 0,5
stered trademark of
General Motors Cor-
poration)
Front axle:
4 4
• Differential
• Final red. gear (each) 0,9 0,9
OIL
• Reduction gear 1,7 1,7
UTTO FLUID
Rear axle:
5,2 5,2
• Differential
• Final red. gear (each) 0,9 0,9
✱
Fuel tank DIESEL FUEL 70 —
ASTM D975 N. 2
WATER +
15 —
ANTI-FREEZE
WATER
Engine coolant system 15 —
PERMANENT
15 —
LIQUID
✱ ASTM D975 N.1
152
GREASE LUBRICATION
LUBRICATION POINT CONSISTENCY TYPE
Articulated joints, transmissions NLGI 2 Litio EP + MoS2
Telescopic boom guides — Graphite-based
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the diesel oil has a sulphide content of less than 0.5%, change the engine oil at the times prescribed
in the Use and Maintenance Manual. If the sulphide content is higher, change the oil according to the
following table:
Sulphide Content Engine Oil Change Interval
From 0.5 to 1.0% 1/2 of the normal interval

More than 1.0% 1/4 of the normal interval
• If the engine is required to start at temperatures of less than 0°C, use engine oil type SAE 10 W, 20W- 20, even
if the day-time temperature rises to 10°C.
• Use engine oil with CD classification; if oil with CC classification is used, reduce the engine oil change interval
by a half.
• Only use products which are specially designed for use with your engine, hydraulic system, trasmission, axles,
and brakes.
Capacity at the first filling: The total quantity of oil, including oil for the component parts and the tubes.
Change Capacity: The quantity of oil needed to supply the system or group during normal checks or maintenan-
ce operations.
ASTM: American Society of Testing and Materials
SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers
API: American Petroleum Institute
UTTO: Universal Tractor Transmission Oil
153
26.1 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM
☞ IMPORTANT
• For the lubrication method of each individual part, see «28. MAINTENANCE PROGRAM».
2000 h
1000 h
500 h
100 h
50 h
8h
RYA19150
Motor Oil
Hydraulic Oil
Transmission Oil Grease
Brake Oil
154

(For 4 in 1 bucket)
☞ IMPORTANT
• For the other lubrication points see «26.1 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM».
• The points indicated are symmetrically placed and must be lubricated every 8 hours.
RYA19160
8h
Grease
155

(For front bucket and equipment quick connecting device)
☞ IMPORTANT
• The position of the points are symmetrical and are to be lubricated every 8 hours.
RYA19170
8h
Grease
156

(For removable device)
☞ IMPORTANT
RYA19190
8h
Grease Grease
157

(For telescopic arm)
☞ IMPORTANT
RYA19190
8h
Grease
158
TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR SCREWS AND NUTS
27. TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR SCREWS AND NUTS

27.1 STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUES
★ Nm (Newton metro): 1 Nm = 0.102 kgm
8.8 10.9
Thread Pitch Spanner size
diameter (mm) (mm) (mm)
kgm Nm kgm Nm
6 1 10 0.96 ± 0.1 9.5 ± 1 1.3 ± 0.15 13.5 ± 1.5

8 1.25 13 2.3 ± 0.2 23 ± 2 3.2 ± 0.3 32.2 ± 3.5
10 1.5 17 4.6 ± 0.5 45 ± 4.9 6.5 ± 0.6 63 ± 6.5
12 1.75 19 7.8 ± 0.8 77 ± 8 11 ± 1 108 ± 11
14 2 22 12.5 ± 1 122 ± 13 17.5 ± 2 172 ± 18
16 2 24 19.5 ± 2 191 ± 21 27 ± 3 268 ± 29

18 2.5 27 27 ± 3 262 ± 28 37 ± 4 366 ± 36
20 2.5 30 38 ± 4 372 ± 40 53 ± 6 524 ± 57
22 2.5 32 52 ± 6 511 ± 57 73 ± 8 719 ± 80
24 3 36 66 ± 7 644 ± 70 92 ± 10 905 ± 98
27 3 41 96 ± 10 945 ± 100 135 ± 15 1329 ± 140

30 3.5 46 131 ± 14 1287 ± 140 184 ± 20 1810 ± 190
☞ IMPORTANT
• This torque table does not apply to screws or nuts intended for locking items in nylon or similar mate-
rials. which should be locked with nylon or non-ferrous metal washers.
27.2 SPECIFIC TIGHTENING TORQUES
ITEM DESCRIPTION kgm Nm
Cabin floor Forward support screws 16 ± 1 157 ± 9.8

Rear support screws 16 ± 1 157 ± 9.8
Wheels Front 25 ± 3 245 ± 20

Back 25 ± 3 245 ± 20
Front bucket Teeth 14.5 ± 1 143 ± 9.8
Engine and transmission Front central support screw 16 ± 1 157 ± 9.8

Rear central support screw 16 ± 1 157 ± 9.8
Articulation coupling Securing bolts (joint - rear frame) 20 ± 2 196 ± 20
Transmission shaft Joining screws 6 ± 0.5 59 ± 5
159
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28. MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

28.1 MAINTENANCE EVERY 8 HOURS
No. ITEM INTERVENTION PAGE
a Various controls — 163
b Coolant liquid level Check and refill 163
c Fuel tank Check and refill 164
d Engine crankcase oil Check and refill 164
e Hydraulic circuit oil tank Check and refill 165
f Joining points (Equipment joints) Lubricate 166
g Frame oscillation and joint Lubricate 168
h Electrical system Check 169
28.2 MAINTENANCE ON COMPLETION OF FIRST 50 HOURS

a Hydrostatic transmission filter Change 186
b Hydraulic circuit oil filter Clean 178
c Drive shaft Check bolt tightness 181
d Articulation coupling Check bolt tightness 181
e Fan belt Check tension 179

a Battery Control electrolyte level 170
b Braking system Check oil level 171
c Decanter Check 172
d Front/rear axle Check oil level 173
e Reducer gear Check oil level 173
f Final reductions gear Check oil level 174
g Forward and rear wheels Control screw tightness 174
h Forward and rear wheels Control tire pressure 175
j Drive shaft Lubrication 176
160
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

a Front/rear axle Change oil 187
b Reducer gear Change oil 187
c Final traversing reductions gear Change oil 188

a Engine valves Check clearance 188

a Hydraulic circuit filter Clean 178
b Fan belt Check condition and tension 179
c Radiator and exchanger Clean outside 180
d Drive shaft Control screw tightness 181
e Articulation joint Control screw tightness 181

a Fuel tank Drain condensate 182
b Fuel filter Replace cartridge 183
c Engine oil Change 184
d Engine oil filter Change 185
e Hydrostatic transmission filter Change 186

a Front/rear axle Change oil 187
b Reducer gear Change oil 187
c Final traversing reductions gear Change oil 188
d Engine valves Check play 188
161
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

a Coolant liquid Change 189
b Braking system oil Change 191
c Alternator and starting motor Check 192
d Hydraulic oil Change oil 192
28.10 OCCASIONAL MAINTENANCE

a Air cleaner Check, clean or change 193
b Hand-brake Regulate 195
c Coolant circuit Wash out 195
d Water trap Clean 197
162
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

28.1.a VARIOUS CONTROLS
DANGER
• Spillage of dirt, oil and fuel inside the engine housing and in the vicinity of hot areas can lead to fires
that could damage the machine.
Check frequently for leaks and repair them. If leakages become persistent, contact your Komatsu Utility
Agent.
Before switching on the engine first check for:

1. Loose screws or nuts.
2. Leakages of oil, fuel or coolant liquid.
3. Wear in the working equipment.
4. State of the wheel rims and wear and state of tires.
5. State and functioning of dashboard instruments and warning lights, working floodlights and direction indicator
lights.
Also perform the following general safety checks:
6. State of the safety belts.
7. State and legibility of warning notices.
8. Cleanliness of cab access steps and hand-grips and cab interior.
28.1.b COOLANT LIQUID LEVEL CHECK
DANGER 1
• Do not remove the radiator cap when the coolant liquid is
still hot because it could spray out and cause burns.
• Release pressure by loosening the cap slowly before re-
moving it.
The storage tank (1) can be accessed by opening the access

hatch above the LH rear mudguard. RYA20950
The level must remain between the MIN. and MAX. signs; if ne-
cessary add water or cooling liquid and should a significant and
constant drop occur in the level check the seal of the radiator-
motor and radiator body.
163
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.1.c FUEL LEVEL CHECK
DANGER
• When refuelling avoid spillage of fuel because there is 1
always a danger of fire. If some fuel is spilled, clean up the
soiled area immediately.
• Fuel is inflammable, so do not use naked flames and do
not smoke while refuelling.
• Keep the delivery nozzle in constant contact with the tank
outlet.
Use the dashboard indicator to check the level. Do not fill the
tank completely, but leave a space for fuel expansion.
☞ IMPORTANT
• We advice refuelling at the end of the day’s work, in order
to avoid the formation of condensate.
RYA20960
• When refuelling is complete, screw the tank cap (1) down
firmly and lock it.
28.1.d CONTROL OF THE LEVEL OF THE ENGINE

OIL 1
DANGER
• The engine is extremely hot just after it has been turned
off and may cause burns; let the engine cool down before
carrying out the control. MAX.
The dipstick (1) is located inside the hatch (2) on the LH side of MIN.
the seat mount inside the cab. The control should be carried out RYAA0930
with a cool engine and the machine should be parked on level
ground. The oil level must be checked against the graduated bar
(1) and should fall in between the MIN. and MAX. signs; if the le-
vel is close to the MIN. sign, top up using the oil appropriate to
the outside temperature as prescribed in the lubricants table. 2
(See «26. FUEL, COOLING LIQUIDS AND LUBRICANTS»).
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the level must be checked immediately after or during
work, switch off the engine and wait 15 minutes before
carrying out the check.
RYA20970
164
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.1.e HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT OIL LEVEL CHECK
DANGER
• For this check the oil must be cold and the machine stan-
ding on level ground and prepared as though for tran-
sport. The oil level should be visible through the oil-
window mounted on the tank. Top up with the hydraulic oil
prescribed. (See «26. FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICAN-
TS»).
• If a constant or abnormal drop in level is observed, carry RYA20980
out a thorough check of the leaktightness of the hydraulic
circuit, cylinders and pump.
165
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.1.f LUBRICATING THE JOINTS OF THE EQUIPMENT
☞ IMPORTANT
• Clean the grease nipples before applying the grease-gun.
• After lubrication, clean up any spilled and contaminated grease.
• If the machine is being used in critical conditions, perform this maintenance more frequently.
This maintenance operation should be performed with the front bucket on the ground and the backhoe equipment
fully stretched out and resting on the ground.
For lubrication use a syringe containing the prescribed grease.
(See «26. FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS» and diagram 26.1).
☞ IMPORTANT
• As a general rule it should be borne in mind that each cylinder is equipped with two grease nipples si-
tuated on the connection eyes and that each pin acting as the fulcrum of a movement is equipped with
at least one grease nipple.
LUBRICATION POINT FOR ARTICULATED JOINTS

MACHINE
4 5 6 8 9
1 2 7
3
RYA21010
1 - Bucket axle (2 points)
2 - Tie-rod/bucket coupling pin (2 points)
3 - TieTie-rod/lever coupling pin (1 point)
4 - Lever axle (1 point)
5 - Bucket cylinder head pin (1 point)
6 - Lifting cylinder head pin (2 points)
7 - Lifting cylinder base pin (2 points)
8 - Bucket cylinder base pin (1 point)
9 - Boom axle (2 points)
166
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
BACKHOE
10 11 12 15 16 19 20 23 24
25
14 17 18 21
11 12 13 22
RYA21020
10 - Pan-tach lever axle (1 point)
11 - Boom turning cylinder base pin (4 points)
12 - Boom turning axle (2 points)
13 - Boom turning cylinder head pin (2 points)
14 - 1° Boom axle (2 points)
15 - Lifting cylinder base pin (1 point)
16 - 2° Boom cylinder base pin (1 point)
17 - Lifting cylinder head pin (1 point)
18 - 2° Boom axle (1 point)
19 - 2° Boom cylinder head pin (1 point)
20 - Bucket cylinder base pin (1 point)
21 - Lever axle (1 point)
22 - Bucket axle (1 point)
23 - Bucket cylinder head pin (1 point)
24 - Tie-rod/lever coupling pin (2 points)
25 - Tie-rod/bucket coupling pin (2 points)
167
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.1.g ARTICULATION COUPLING LUBRICATION

This operation must be carried out at the same time as the mainte-
nance operation described in the previous paragraph, in the same way 1
and with the same precautions. The lubrication points are shown in the
figure; use a greaser with the appropriate grease (see «26. FUEL,
COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS»). 4
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the machine is to be used on broken or swampy ground
where the joint is severely stressed, carry out this mainte- 3 RYA21030
nance operation more frequently.
1 - Frame articulation axle (1 point)

5
2 - Frame oscillation axle (1 point)
3 - Power steering cylinder head pin (2 points) 2

4 - Power steering cylinder base pin (2 points)
5 - Frame oscillation blocking pin (1 point)
RYAA0940
168
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.1.h CHECKING THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
DANGER
• Replace any fuses which are corroded, oxidised, or loose with new fuses of the same rating. Make sure
that the ignition key is in the OFF position « » before replacing fuses.
• If the wiring shows any signs of short-circuiting, trace the cause and make the necessary repairs. Con-
tact your Komatsu Utility dealer to have stubborn faults located.
• Never remove or disassemble any electrical components from the machine. Never install components
or accessories which are not Komatsu Utility approved.
Check that no cables are loose or short-circuited. Check that all cables are held firmly in their cable clamps. Se-
cure any loose cables. In particular, check:
1. Battery
2. Starter motor
3. Alternator
169
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.2 MAINTENANCE ON COMPLETION OF THE FIRST 50 HOURS

The following maintenance operations should be undertaken on completion of the first 50 hours of work, and are
in addition to the maintenance envisaged under «EVERY 50 HOURS».
• CLEAN HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT OIL FILTER
• CHANGE HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION FILTER
• CHECK TIGHTNESS DRIVE SHAFT BOLTS
• CHECK TIGHTNESS ARTICULATION COUPLING BOLTS
• CHECK FAN BELT TENSION
For further details on the various maintenance operations, see the sections «EVERY 250 HOURS» and «EVE-
RY 500 HOURS».

28.3.a CHECKING BATTERY ELECTROLYTE LE-
VEL 1
DANGER
• The check must be done with the machine parked on the
flat and the shovel boom raised.
• Raise the shovel boom and secure taking all the precau-
tions described in «10. SAFETY DEVICES».
• Check this level only when the engine is switched off and,
RYA20990
if necessary, add some distilled water only before starting
work.
• Always wear protective glasses and waterproof gloves.
• To prevent gas explosions, do not use naked flames and
do not smoke, and avoid sparking from short-circuits.
• Electrolytic liquid is dangerous. If it gets into the eyes or
comes into contact with the skin, wash with plenty of fre-
sh running water and consult a doctor.
The accumulator (1) can be accessed by removing the front fra-

me drive bay cover. The level of each element should be about 6
mm higher than the top of the plate. If necessary top up the level
using only distilled water. If the level is low because some of the
liquid has been poured out, add diluted sulphuric acid until a su-
itable concentration for the environmental temperature has been
reached.
(See «19.3 THE BATTERY»).
☞ IMPORTANT
• The addition of distilled water should be made before star-
ting work, to avoid any possibility of freezing.
• Before screwing back the plugs of the battery cells, make
sure that the breather holes are not blocked.
• Check whether the connecting clamps are oxidised. If so,
clean them and smear them with an antioxidant grease.
170
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.3.b OIL LEVEL CHECK OF THE BRAKING SY-

STEM 2
☞ IMPORTANT
• Use only virgin oil.
• If significant and constant leaks are found, contact your
Komatsu Utility agent for a general control of the system
and the necessary repairs.
The braking circuit tank (1) can be accessed by removing the co- RYA21000
ver (2) on the air filter bay front closure.
The control is visual, consisting in topping up the oil to the MAX.
sign with the prescribed oil. (See «26. FUEL, COOLING LIQUID
AND LUBRICANTS»).
1
RYAA0950
171
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.3.c DRAINING THE FUEL LINE WATER TRAP
DANGER
• Fuel is highly inflammable. Do not use naked flames and
refrain from smoking when performing this operation. 2
• Clean up any spilled fuel immediately.
1 3
Check the position of the red ring (1) inside the glass bowl.
If the ring is floating on water in the bowl, drain off the water from
the trap as follows: RWA36740
1 - Shut off the fuel line at cock (2).

2 - Loosen the wing cap (3) and drain the condensate until clear
Diesel oil flows out.
3 - Open the fuel cock (2).
4 - Drain the fuel tank as instructed in section «28.8.b DRAI-
2
NING THE FUEL TANK».
5 - Bleed the fuel supply circuit as described in paragraph
“28.7.b CHANGING THE FUEL FILTER - BLEEDING THE
CIRCUIT”.
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the filtering element is considerably clogged or dam-
3
RYAA0780
aged, change it.
172
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.3.d FRONT/REAR AXLE DIFFERENTIAL OIL

LEVEL CHECK
Park the machine on solid, flat ground. Check visually that the
lubricant is up to the level of the holes (1) on both the half-shafts;
if necessary, refill with the appropriate oil. (See «26. FUEL, CO-
OLANT AND LUBRICANTS»).
The level holes (1) must be used for refilling the oil (use a 17 mm
spanner).
1
RYA21040
1
RYA21050
28.3.e REDUCER GEAR OIL LEVEL CHECK

Park the machine on solid, flat ground.
This is a visual control with the purpose of confirming that the lu-
bricant has reached the level of the hole (1); if necessary, top up
the oil level using the prescribed oil.
(See «26. FUEL, COOLING LIQUID AND LUBRICANTS»).
The level hole (1) must also be used as a filling opening.
(Use spanner of 17 mm).
1
RYA21060
173
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.3.f CONTROLLING THE OIL LEVEL OF THE FI-

NAL REDUCTIONS GEAR
Park the machine on solid, flat ground.
The control must be carried out on each reduction gear with the
cover positioned on the horizontal axis.
If necessary, move the machine slightly to the fixed position re-
quired for a precise control. The control is visual and needs to
confirm that the lubricant has reached the height of the holes
(1); if necessary, top up the oil level using the prescribed oil.
1
(Use spanner of 12 mm). RYA21070
28.3.g CONTROLLING TIGHTENING TORQUE OF

WHEEL BOLTS
The purpose of the control is to restore the tightening torque of
the wheels on the hub.
The torque is controlled by a dynamometric wrench (1) calibra-
ted with the values shown in section «27.2 SPECIFIC TIGHTE- 1
NING TORQUES». (Use spanner of 24 mm).
☞ IMPORTANT
• Do not increase the tightening torque of that specified RYA21080
and keep it within the prescribed tolerance levels.
• When controlling the tightening torque, do not lubricate
the thread.
174
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.3.h TIRE PRESSURE
DANGER
• Do not inflate the tires before they have been enclosed in
a protective cage.
• While inflating take up a position beside the outer tire-
wall.
• Do not exceed the pressures specified in the «TECHNI-
CAL DATA».
RWA20900
This check is indispensable for the preservation, exploitation and

life-span of the tires. The pressure should be as indicated in the
specifications (See «TECHNICAL DATA»).
During the pressure control, also check the state of the treads
and the tire-walls.
175
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.3.j DRIVE SHAFT LUBRICATION

Lubrication should be made after carefully cleaning the grease
dispenser, by applying the lubricating pump and the prescribed
grease.
Once lubrication has been carried out, control that all points
have been lubricated and remove all grease coming out of the
joints.
RYAA0960
RYAA0970
176
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

The following maintenance should be carried out on completion of the first 100 hours of work, and is in addition to
the maintenance envisaged under «EVERY 100 HOURS».
• FRONT/REAR AXLE OIL CHANGE
• REDUCER GEAR OIL CHANGE
• CHANGING THE OIL OF THE FINAL TRAVERSING REDUCTION GEAR
For details of maintenance work, see the sections «EVERY 1000 HOURS».
177
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

The following maintenance should be carried out on completion of the first 250 hours of work, and should be do-
ne together with the maintenance envisaged for «EVERY 250 HOURS».
• CHECK AND ADJUST CLEARANCE OF ENGINE VALVES
For detailed maintenance instructions, refer to «EVERY 1000 HOURS».
Consult the Komatsu Utility Agent for this check and adjustment.

Maintenance for 50 hours should be carried out at same time.
28.6.a CLEANING HYDRAULIC FILTER

2
DANGER
• After turning off the engine with the machine in transport 1
position, eliminate the residual pressures of the equip-
ment (moving the controls several times) and of the tank
by slowly loosening the plug.
• Let the oil cool down to 40÷45°C before carrying out the
maintenance.
• Immediately clean the areas which may have been cove- RYA21090
red with oil.

• Oils, filters, coolant liquids and batteries are considered
to be special waste products and must be kept and dispo-
sed of according to the anti-pollution laws in force.
The filter retains the metal particles which detach from the va-
rious components due to wear. The filter can be accessed by re-
moving the tank cover; proceed as follows to clean it:
1 - Unscrew the filter cover (1) securing bolts and extract the fil-
ter (2).
(Use a 13 mm spanner).
2 - Clean the filter using light solvents (petrol, kerosene, etc.)
and compressed air.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Carefully control the conditions of the net of the filtering
element, and should any doubts about its condition arise,
replace it without hesitation.
3 - Refit the filter (2) and its cover (1) after checking the condition
of the cover seal.
178
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.6.b ADJUSTMENT OF FAN-BELT TENSION

1
DANGER
• Open the engine bay with all the precautions in «14.8 AC-
CESS TO THE ENGINE BAY»; take especial care not to get
burnt.
To make the adjustment open the engine bay (see «14.8 AC-
CESS TO THE ENGINE BAY»). 4
Make a manual check by pressing the belt (1) down with the RYAA0980
thumb at the point indicated with a force of 10 kg. The displace-
ment should be 10÷15 mm.
If the displacement is greater, slacken off bolts (2) and (3) which
secure the alternator (4) and move the alternator along with a le- 2
ver between the engine block and the body. Tighten (2) and (3)
and check again.
Use 12 and 14 mm spanners.
A - Fan pulley
B - Driving shaft pulley
C - Alternator pulley
3
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the belt is worn, replace it and check the tension after a
RYAA0990
few hours.
A C
10 ÷ 15 mm
B
RWA09220
179
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.6.c EXTERNAL CLEANING OF THE RADIATOR

AND HEAT EXCHANGER
DANGER
• Cleaning should be carried out on solid and level ground.
• If compressed air, steam or water are directed onto a per-
son, injuries may occur. Always wear protective goggles
and footwear.
50 cm
RYA21660
The cleaning must be carried out with a cold engine using the
following procedures:
1 - Detach the backhoe from the machine and move it about 50
cm away from the machine as explained in section «22.6.1
REMOVING THE BACKHOE».
1
CAUTION
• In order to clean the radiator and heat exchanger it is not
necessary to remove the delivery and discharge tubes;
follow the instructions in section «22.6.1 REMOVAL OF 2
THE BACKHOE» up to phase 10.
2 - Manually remove from the radiator (1) and from the heat RYA21100
exchanger (2) any pieces of paper , plastic, or other large im-
purities.
3 - Using a jet of compressed air at about 15÷20 cm from the ra-
diator, or low pressure hot water or steam, carefully clean all
the radiating surfaces. Also, commercial cleaning products
may be employed as long as the instructions on the packa-
ging are observed and that all parts are carefully dried at the
end.
CAUTION
• The air, water or steam jet should be directed perpendicu-
larly at the radiator so as not to bend or damage the radia-
tor fins.
• Do not use products containing oils even if in minimum
doses since this favours dust collection which reduces
the efficiency of thermal exchange.
• Carry out this cleaning process every time the radiator or
heat exchanger are tainted by oil, diesel fuel or other gre-
asy or oil substances.
4 - Reinstall the backhoe following the procedures outlined in

section «22.6.2 INSTALLING THE BACKHOE» starting from
phase 4.
180
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.6.d CONTROLLING TIGHTNESS OF SCREWS

ON THE TRANSMISSION SHAFT
The control is made in order to restore the tightening torque of
the bolts coupling the transmission shaft.
The tightening couple is controlled with a dynamometric wrench
calibrated with the values indicated in section «27.2 SPECIFIC
TIGHTENING TORQUES». (Use spanner of 13mm).
RYAA1000
RYAA1010
28.6.e ARTICULATION COUPLING SECURING

BOLTS TIGHTNESS CHECK 1
Check the tightness of the bolts (1), the nuts (2) and the bolts (3)
with a torque wrench set to the values given in «27.2 SPECIFIC
TIGHTNENING TORQUES».
Use a 17 mm spanner for the bolts (1), 19 mm for the nuts (2)
and 24 mm for the bolts (3).
CAUTION 2
• Do not increase the specified tightening torque and keep RYA21110
it within the tolerance limits prescribed.

• When the tightening torque is being controlled do not lu-
bricate the threads.
3
RYA21120
181
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

Maintenance for 50, 100 and 250 hours should be carried out at the same time.
28.7.a DRAINING THE FUEL TANK
DANGER
• Avoid spilling fuel while draining the tank, because it will
present a fire hazard.
• If fuel is spilled, clean the soiled area immediately to pre-
vent slipping and fires.
1
The procedure is carried out to discharge the deposited impuri-

ties and condensation from the tank; proceed as follows: RYA21130
1 - Remove the lower tank cap (1) and allow sufficient fuel to di-
scharge to eliminate the impurities on the tank base.
Use a 27 mm spanner.
2 - Refit the cap (1) and refill with fuel (see «15.1.2 DAILY CHE-
CKS»).
☞ IMPORTANT
• Drainage should take place at temperatures of higher than
0°C before starting the engine. When the temperature is
lower than 0°C, drainage should take place at the end of
the day's work, and in any case with the machine still
warm, because if the condensate freezes it cannot flow
out.
• Drainage of condensate and impurities should take place
before refuelling.
182
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.7.b FUEL FILTER REPLACEMENT
2
DANGER
• Change the filtering element when the engine has cooled
down to 40÷45°C at the end of the day's work.
burnt.
• It is possible that some fuel will be spilled during these 1
operations. Clean the area immediately to avoid the risk of RYAA1020
slipping or fires.
To carry out this operation, open the engine bay (see «14.8 AC-
CESS TO THE ENGINE BAY»).
FUEL FILTER
1 - Clean the outside of the unit and then unscrew the used filter
(1) with the special spanner provided and dispose of it.
2 - Clean the inside of the head (2).
3 - Lubricate the seal, fit it and screw in the new filter until it tou-
ches the seal.
4 - Screw in by hand a further half turn.
5 - Purge the air in the fuel circuit.
BLEEDING THE CIRCUIT

After filling the tank, turn the ignition key to position «I» and wait
for approximately 15-20 seconds, in such a way as to bleed the
fuel supply circuit.
☞ IMPORTANT
• After bleeding the circuit, turn the ignition key to position
« » for a few seconds and wait at least 2 minutes before
starting the engine.
• If the engine starts normally but thereafter works in an ir-
regular fashion, control if there is air in the circuit; if this
RWA01960
is the case, control the seals of the fuel filter and of the
supply pump.
• After the fuel has run out, bleed the circuit by proceeding
as described above and repeat the operation for at least 2-
3 times.
RWA01970
183
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.7.c REPLACING ENGINE OIL
DANGER
1
• After the machine has been switched off the engine oil is
very hot and may cause burns; let the engine cool down
to 40÷45°C before draining the oil.
burnt.
• Oil spread onto the ground during the replacement may RYAA1030
cause slipping; wear anti sliding shoes and remove all oil
from the floor.
• Oils, filters, coolant liquids and batteries are considered 2 3
Simultaneously replace the filter (See section 28.7.d):

1 - Open the engine bay (See «14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGINE
BAY»).
2 - Remove the sump cap (1) with a 19 mm spanner.
3 - Remove the filling cap (2) to enable the oil to drain more qui-
ckly. RYAA1040
4 - Refit the sump cap.
5 - Refill with the recommended quantity of oil; check that the oil
reaches the MAX level on the dipstick (3).
6 - Refit the filling cap (2).
3
7 - Replace the filter (See section 28.8.e).
8 - Let the engine run for 5 minutes; turn it off, check the oil level
again and if necessary top it up.
9 - Close the engine bay.
For oil replacements, use the appropriate type at room tempera- MAX.
ture (See «26. FUEL, REFRIGERATION AND LUBRICANTS»).
MIN.
RYAA1050
184
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.7.d REPLACING ENGINE OIL FILTER
1
DANGER
• After the machine has been switched off the engine oil is
very hot and may cause burns; let the engine cool down
to 40÷45°C before draining the oil.
• Oil spread onto the ground during the replacement may
cause slipping; wear anti sliding shoes and remove all oil
from the floor.
• Oils, filters, coolant liquids and batteries are considered RYAA1060

Carry out this maintenance operation at every engine oil chan-

ge.
Proceed as follows:
1 - Remove the old oil filter (1) using the filter wrench provided,
and dispose of it correctly.
2 - Clean the filter seat.
3 - Smear the new seal with clean engine oil and screw the filter
into place until the seal grips firmly.
4 - Hand-tighten one extra half turn.
Start the engine and check that there are no leaks. Also check
that the oil pressure warning light goes out.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Do not use the filter wrench to tighten the filter into place.
This can damage the filter or the seal and cause leaks.
185
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.7.e REPLACING HYDROSTATIC TRANSMIS-

SION FILTER
DANGER
• After the machine has been switched off the transmission
group is very hot and may cause burns; let the engine co-
ol down to 40÷45°C before replacing the filter.
• Oil spread onto the ground during the replacement may
cause slipping; wear anti sliding shoes and remove all oil 1
from the floor and transmission group. RYA21140

The filter is accessible from below the machine, on the right side,
where the hydraulic oil tank is located.
To replace the filter, proceed as follows: 2
1 - Remove the cover (1).
(Use spanner of 17 mm).
2 - Close the tap (2).
3 - Using the special spanner provided, unscrew the used filter 3 4
(3) and dispose of it.
RYA21150
4 - Clean the area where the sealing gasket leans on the on the
filter support (4).
5 - Fill up the new filter to be installed with new oil, using the se-
ries of holes around the central hole.
2
CAUTION
• Do not fill up the central hole.
6 - Lubricate the sealing gasket, place it correctly and screw of

the filter until it knocks on the gasket.
7 - Hand screw for a further half turn. 3 4
8 - Open the tap (2). RYA21160
9 - Turn on the engine, move the machine, stop and check the
seal.
10 -Reassemble the cover (1).
186
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

Maintenance for every 50, 100, 250 and 500 hours should be carried out at the same time.
28.8.a FRONT/REAR AXLE OIL REPLACEMENT
DANGER
The operation is carried out on level ground and while the ma-
chine is hot so that the oil is fluid allowing it to discharge easily 1 2
along with the solid particles in suspension.
RYA21170
1 - Remove the discharge caps (1) and allow the used oil to flow
out. Remove the caps (2) from both half-axles while the oil is
discharging.
2 - After the discharge has completed, refit the caps (1) and fill
through the holes (2) using the recommended oil to the
bottom lip of the holes themselves.
Only use the recommended oil (see «26. FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS»).
3 - Refit the caps (2).
Use a 17 mm spanner.
2
1
RYA21180
28.8.b REDUCER GEAR OIL REPLACEMENT
DANGER
2
The operation is carried out on level ground and while the ma-
chine is hot so that the oil is fluid allowing it to discharge easily 1
along with the solid particles in suspension. RYA21190
1 - Remove the discharge plug (1) and let the exhausted oil flow
out completely. While the oil is flowing out remove the plug
(2). Once discharged, put back the plug (1) and through the
hole (2) fill with the prescribed oil until the lower edge of the
hole is reached. (Use spanner of 17 mm).
For refilling use only the oil prescribed (See «26. FUEL, CO-
OLING LIQUIDS AND LUBRICANTS»).
2 - Put the plug (2) back on.
187
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.8.c CHANGING THE OIL OF THE FINAL TRA-

A
VERSING REDUCTION GEAR
DANGER
1
RYA21200
CAUTION
• The procedures described are to be carried out for each
gear reducer.
B
1 - Move the machine until the plug (1) is on the vertical axis in
the low position (A).
2 - Remove the plug (1) and let the exhausted oil flow out (Use
spanner of 12 mm).
3 - When the discharge is complete, move the machine until the
plug that also acts as a level indicator is on the horizontal
axis (B).
1
4 - Proceed with filling, until the lower edge of the plug is rea-
ched. Use only the prescribed oil for refills. (See «26. FUEL, RYA21210
REFRIGERATION AND LUBRICANTS»).
5 - Put back the plug (1). Carry out some traversing and once
the machine is stationary control the levels of every reduction
gear another time.
28.8.d ENGINE VALVE PLAY INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENT

Contact your Komatsu Utility dealer for this inspection and adjustment.
188
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

Maintenance for every 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 hours should be carried out at the same time.
28.9.a CHANGING THE COOLANT LIQUID
DANGER
• After the machine has been switched off the cooling liquid is very hot and may cause serious burns; let
the engine cool down to 40÷45°C before replacing the liquid.
• Open the engine bay with all the precautions in «14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGINE BAY»; take especial ca-
re not to get burnt.
• Begin by slowly loosening the expansion tank plug in order to discharge the residual pressure and only
subsequently the radiator plug.
The following procedures regard the replacement of permanent type cooling liquid; if the cooling liquid is simple
water or if it is water with seasonal anti-freeze, a decrustation wash is required.
(See «28.10.c CLEANING THE COOLING CIRCUIT»).
CAUTION
• Open the heating water supply tap all the way (see «14.2 VENTIALTION AND HEATING»).
1 - Detach the backhoe from the machine and move it about 50 cm away from it, following the procedures outli-
ned in section «22.6.1 REMOVING THE BACKHOE».
CAUTION
• In order to open the discharge valve of the cooling liquid, it is unnecessary to remove the delivery and
discharge tubes;follow the instructions of section «22.6.1 REMOVING THE BACKHOE» to phase 10.
2 - Open the engine bay (See «14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGINE BAY»).
189
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
3 - Slowly loosen the plug (1) of the expansion tank (2) and re-
move it.
1
4 - Remove the radiator bleed valve (3), loosen the engine
block drain cock (4) and let the liquid drain. 2
5 - When about 5 liters have discharged, remove the radiator
plug (5).
6 - When draining is complete, refit the radiator valve (3) and
tighten the engine block cock (4).
7 - Pour the new liquid in through the inlet (6) until the radiator
is full (see «26. FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS»). RYA21220
8 - Put on the radiator plug (5) and continue filling through the
expansion tank (2) to the MAX level.
9 - Close the engine bay.
10 - Start the engine at let it run at a minimum for a few minutes; 3
control and restore the level before putting on the plug (1)
of the expansion tank.
11 - Reassemble the backhoe following the procedures descri-
bed in section «22.6.2 INSTALLING THE BACKHOE», star-
ting from phase 4.
RYAA1070
RYA21230
RYAA1080
190
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.9.b CHANGING THE BRAKING SYSTEM OIL
DANGER
• Any spilled oil can cause slipping, so clean up any soiled
areas.
A
Before changing this oil, it is advisable to brake the machine a RYA21240
few times to warm up and liquefy the oil, thus facilitating drainage.
The machine should be standing on level ground, and held on
the hand-brake, while the operations of oil change and circuit
drainage are performed. A
The procedure is as follows: 1
1 - Place a small tube on the drainage screws (1) to recover the
oil and loosen them. (Use spanner of 10 mm).
2 - Remove the plug (2) of the tank (3).
3 - Activate the brake pedal until the oil contained in the tank (3)
is exhausted.
4 - Fill the tank (3) with virgin oil and proceed with the pumping
movement; fill up the tank (3) several times until all the
RYA21250
exhausted oil has been replaced (about 0,5 litres); expel the
residual air.
For the type of oil to use (See «26. FUEL, COOLANT AND
LUBRICANTS»).
EXPELLING AIR FROM THE BRAKING CIRCUIT B
This is an important operation, because the power and reliability
of the brakes depends upon it.
The procedure is as follows:
1 - Make sure that the oil in the braking circuit tank (3) has rea-
ched its maximum level.
2 - Press down the brake pedal as far as it will go and, holding it
in this position, loosen the brake drainage cap (1) until the
pedal can go no further. (Use spanner of 10 mm). RYA21260
3 - Still holding the pedal in this position, tighten the drainage

cap (1).
4 - Release the brake pedal, wait a few seconds, and repeat the
operation described so far until oil runs out of the drain 2 B
screws (1) without any trace of air bubbles.
☞ IMPORTANT
• Drainage should be carried out for both braking groups. 3
• Check the brake liquid tank level frequently, and refill it
whenever the level approaches minimum.
• When refilling the tank, use only virgin oil of the type pre-
RYAA1090
scribed.
191
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.9.c CHECKING THE ALTERNATOR AND STARTER MOTOR

Consult your Komatsu Utility dealer to have these jobs performed.
28.9.d CHANGING THE HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT OIL

AND CLEANING SUCTION FILTER
DANGER
• After switching off the engine, and with the machine in its
transport position, eliminate residual pressure from the
equipment (by moving the controls several times) and
from the tank by slowly loosening the cap. 6
• Leave the oil to cool down to 40÷45°C before carrying out
the maintenance. RYA21270
• Clean up any areas of spilled oil immediately.

sed of according to the anti-pollution laws in force. 5
1 - Remove the cap from the mouth of the oil tank (1). 4
2 - Remove the drainage cap (2) and allow the oil to flow out,
collecting it in a sufficiently large receptacle. (Use spanner of
41 mm).
3 - Remove the lower closing flange (3).(Use spanner of 13
mm). 1
4 - Remove the filter cover (4), remove the filter (5) clean and RYA21280
check the seal. (See «28.6 EVERY 250 HOURS»).
5 - Thoroughly clean the inside of the tank to remove any sludge
that might have formed in it.
6 - Refit the lower flange (3) with the cap (2), filter (5) and filter
cover (4) after checking the condition of the seals. 3
7 - Refill through the mouth of the tank (1) until the correct level
is reached (6).
8 - Remove the safety devices, start the engine, move the ma-
chine activating several times each piston carrying out a
number of movements to rid the air from the circuit; control 2
again and if necessary restore the level.
RYA21290
☞ IMPORTANT
• On no account should the engine be started up with the
tank empty, because this would certainly damage the
pump.
192
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.10 OCCASIONAL MAINTENANCE

28.10.a CHECKING, CLEANING OR CHANGING THE AIR CLEANER CARTRIDGE
DANGER
• Remove the air cleaner only after stopping the engine and do not start the engine if the air cleaner is
open.
• Always wear goggles while cleaning the filter.
☞ IMPORTANT
• The air filtering system comprises a primary filtering ele-
ment with great capacity and a secondary cartridge that
provides additional safety protection.
The primary element can be cleaned with compressed air,
while the safety cartridge can only be changed.
• The filtering element must be cleaned when the clogging
warning light (A) positioned on the instrument panel blinks
or comes on completely. A
In any case, check the cartridge for any clogging every 50 RYAA0730
hours of operation of the machine.
To clean the main filtering element, proceed as follows: 2

1 - Loosen the screw (1) and remove the cover (2).
Use an 8 mm square spanner.
2 - Remove the wing nut (3) and extract the main filtering element
(4).
3 - Slightly strike the element on the palm of your hand to elimina-
te the dust and blow compressed air on the inner surface, kee-
ping the air jet at a distance of approximately 15 cm and
making sure that the pressure does not exceed 4-5 bars. 1
4 - Carefully clean the inside of the filter casing (4), taking care to 6
RYAA0740
avoid the introduction of foreign matters in the suction duct.
5 - Reassemble the filtering element (3), making sure that it is
correctly positioned in its seat. 5
4
3
RYAA0750
193
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
6 - Clean the inside of the cover (2) and put it back, making sure
that the ejector (6) is positioned vertically and at the bottom. 5
☞ IMPORTANT
• If the clogging warning light comes on after the engine has
been started, it is necessary to replace the primary filtering
element and the safety cartridge.
• Change the primary filtering element after 6 cleaning oper-
ations or after one year. The safety cartridge must always 8
be changed together with the primary filtering element. 7
RYAA0760
To have a point of reference for the change interval, it is ad-
visable to mark the primary filtering element on every
cleaning operation.
2
To change the safety cartridge, after removing the primary ele-
ment proceed as follows:
1 - Remove the wing nut (7) and the safety cartridge (8).
2 - Carefully clean the inside of the filter casing (5), taking care to
avoid the introduction of foreign matters in the suction duct.
3 - Install a new safety cartridge and a new main filtering element,
making sure that they are correctly positioned in their seats.
4 - Clean the inside of the cover (2) and put it back, making sure 6 RYAA0770
that the ejector (6) is positioned vertically and at the bottom.
194
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.10.b REGULATING THE HAND-BRAKE

2
DANGER 1
• While this regulation is taking place the machine is free
and could move, representing the risk of uncontrolled mo-
vement. Place wedges beneath the wheels before starting
the regulation.
3
Intervention is necessary when the range of movement of the le-
ver becomes excessive and the brake no longer properly blocks RYA21330
the machine. To correct this, loosen the counterbolt (1) and ti-
ghten the bolt (2) on the stay (3). (Use spanner of 13 mm).
As a general guideline, the gear lever should move freely throu-
gh three notches before braking.
DANGER
• If the machine still does not brake securely in spite of the
regulation, call in the Komatsu Utility Agent.
28.10.c WASHING OUT THE COOLANT CIRCUIT
DANGER
• When the machine has just come to a halt, the coolant is very hot and can cause serious burns. Before
cleaning the cooling circuit, allow the engine to cool down to 40÷45°C.
• Open the engine bay with all the precautions in «14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGINE BAY»; take especial ca-
re not to get burnt.
• During this maintenance procedure, the hand accelerator must be used since the engine must be run-
ning for some of the stages; be very careful not to get tangled with the cooling fan.
• Keep all safety devices of the equipment inserted, insert the hand brake and disconnect the reduction
gear.
• First undo the storage tank cap slowly to discharge excess pressure and only then open the radiator
cap.
Each time water is replaced by antifreeze liquid and vice versa, it is necessary to clean the circuit in order to elimi-
nate both oxidation deposits and limestone encrustations. The procedures are as follows:
1 - Detach the backhoe from the machine and move it about 50 cm away from it, following the procedures outli-
ned in section «22.6.1 REMOVING THE BACKHOE».
195
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
CAUTION
1
• In order to open the discharge valve of the cooling liquid,
it is unnecessary to remove the delivery and discharge tu-
bes; follow the instructions of section «22.6.1 REMOVING
THE BACKHOE» to phase 10.
2 - Open the engine bay (See «14.8 ACCESS TO THE ENGI-

NE BAY»).
3 - With the engine stopped and the liquid still warm, unscrew
RYAA1100
and remove the radiator bleed valve (1) and the engine
block drain cock (2), remove the storage tank cap (3) and
the radiator cap (4).
4 - Allow the liquid to drain off completely, tighten the engine 2
block drain cock (2) and refit the radiator bleed valve (1).
5 - Poor a high quality decrusting agent into the radiator, fol-
lowing the doses indicated on the package (the volume of
the cooling system is about 15 liters) and fill up with water.
6 - Turn on the engine making it run at high revs.
7 - Slow the engine to 1000 rpm and discharge the descaling
fluid from the radiator bleed valve (1) while refilling the ra-
diator with flowing water for at least 40 minutes.
RYA21300
8 - Stop the engine, let all the water drain out, refit the radiator
bleed valve (1) and fill the system with water or coolant
(see «28.9 MAINTENANCE EVERY 200 HOURS»).
9 - Refit the radiator cap (4) and close the engine bay.
3
10 - After discharging the water from the tank (5), clean its inte-
rior and refill with water or coolant to a point between the 5
minimum and maximum marks.
11 - Turn on the engine and after a few minutes check the level
of the expansion tank; if necessary restore the level before
finally closing the circuit with the plug (3).
12 - Reassemble the backhoe following the procedures descri-
bed under section «22.6.2 INSTALLING THE BACKHOE»
starting from phase 4. RYA21310
☞ IMPORTANT
• Cleaning the circuit should be carried out more frequently 4
if the water used contains high concentrations of limesto-
ne, otherwise referred to as the water being hard.
RYAA1110
196
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
28.10.d CLEANING THE FUEL LINE WATER TRAP
DANGER
• Wait for the engine to cool to 40÷45°C before starting
work on the fuel line water trap.
• Fuel may be spilled during this operation. Clean up any
spillages immediately to avoid fires and accidents.
CLEANING THE WATER SEPARATOR

RYAA0790
1 - Close the cock (1).
2 - Loosen the metal ring (2) and remove the cup (3) and the fil-
tering element.
3 - Clean the inside of the cup and the filter with diesel oil or oil.
4 - Put back the filter and the cup (3), tighten the metal ring (2)
and open the cock (1).
☞ IMPORTANT
• When disassembling the water separator, be careful not to
1
lose the red ring contained in the cup. 3 2

• If the filtering element is clogged or damaged, change it.
RWA36750
BLEEDING THE CIRCUIT
After filling the tank, turn the ignition key to position «I» and wait
for approximately 15-20 seconds, in such a way as to bleed the
fuel supply circuit.
☞ IMPORTANT
• After bleeding the circuit, turn the ignition key to position
« » for a few seconds and wait at least 2 minutes before
starting the engine.
• If the engine starts normally but thereafter works in an ir-
regular fashion, control if there is air in the circuit; if this
is the case, control the seals of the fuel filter and of the RWA01960
supply pump.
• After the fuel has run out, bleed the circuit by proceeding
as described above and repeat the operation for at least 2-
3 times.
RWA01970
197
LONG PERIODS OF MACHINE IDLENESS
29. LONG PERIODS OF MACHINE IDLENESS

29.1 PREPARATION
In order to keep the machine and all its components in good condition, when long periods of idleness are forese-
en, it is advisable to put it in a protected place, and to take the following precautions:
1 - Clean it completely and scrupulously, retouching the paintwork to prevent the formation of rust.
2 - To prevent deformation of the tire-walls, place blocks under the axles in order to distribute the weight of the
machine.
3 - Drain and replace all liquids and lubricants in the hydraulic circuits (axles, gear reducers, engine).
4 - Replace all filtering elements (air filter, engine filter, hydraulic circuit filters, diesel fuel filter).
5 - Drain the cooling liquid and replace it with a liquid containing an anti corrosion agent (permanent liquid).
6 - Drain the fuel tank from its normal fuel and fill it with at least 10 litres of special cleaning and protective fuel.
7 - Run the engine for about 10 minutes to use up all the normal fuel in the filters, pump, and fuel lines. Filling
with flushing fuel prevents the pump and injectors from siezing up during the idle period.
Switch off the engine and refill the tank with normal diesel fuel.
8 - Remove the battery and check the electrolyte and charge levels.
Store the battery in a warm area and re-charge it periodically.
9 - Grease the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinders.
10 - Hermetically seal the end of the exhaust pipe and the plug of the diesel fuel tank.
11 - Place the controls of the machine in neutral and insert the mechanical blocks of the equipment controls.
12 - Place a sign on the machines steering wheel clearly indicating the status of the machine.
13 - Lock the cabin door and the plug of the fuel tank.
DANGER
• During the storage period do not engage the hand-brake because the brake shoe might oxidise on the
disc and a subsequent forceful jerk to release it might cause damage.
Use wedges firmly pushed under the wheels to prevent the machine from moving.
29.2 PREPARATION FOR USE

1 - Free the exhaust pipe and the fuel tank plug from their hermetic seals.
2 - Check all levels (engine oil, cooling liquid, fuel, hydraulic circuit oil).
3 - Check that the battery is charged and installed on the machine.
4 - Disconnect the engine arresting solenoid.
5 - Rotate the key to the ignition position, keeping it in this position until the low engine oil indicator switches off.
This action ensures that circulation of the oil resumes and for an initial lubrication.
6 - Reconnect the arresting solenoid and start the engine.
7 - During the engine warm up, check the pressure of the tires and remove the protective grease from the pi-
ston rods of the hydraulic cylinders.
8 - Before moving the machine, check that the instruments, headlights, direction indicators and brake lights all
work properly.
9 - At the first possible occasion, warm the hydraulic cylinders by slowly moving all equipment.
10 - Carry out movements at low speeds as well as several braking movements which are necessary to render
the oil more fluid and to stabilize the braking surfaces.
198
AUTHORISED
OPTIONAL
EQUIPMENT
AUTHORIZED OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
30. AUTHORIZED OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
CAUTION
• As well as the standard equipment, optional equipment may be installed on Komatsu Utility machines;
if optional equipment is installed and used, carefully read the user’s manual and strictly observe the in-
structions therein.
• Exclusively use optional or special equipment which has been approved by Komatsu Utility and which
conforms to the requirements in the table below.
• Any damage, accident or loss in efficiency of the machine through the installation and use of unautho-
rized equipment does not involve any responsibility on the behalf of Komatsu Utility.
30.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

(Specific weight of material moved = 1,8 t/m3)
MACHINE
MAX MAX
DIMENSIONS MAX SAE MAX WORKING. MAX
EQUIPMENT WEIGHT CAPACITY PRESSURE CAPACITY
Width Height
(kg) (m3) (bar) (l/min.)
(mm) (mm)
Forward bucket 410 2000 850 0.750 — —
Forward 4 in 1 bucket 500 1920 850 0.650 200 80
Pallet forks 250 1500 700 ■ — —
BACKHOE
Overturnable bucket 140 800 — 0.206 — —
Ditch cleaning shovel 190 1400 — 0.240 — —
Trapezoidal bucket 170 1900 800 0.200 — —
Hydraulic hammer 400 — — — 140 100
Drill 150 ❋ 300 ▲ 1800 — 190 108
Cutting shovel 250 610 1500 0.175 190 75
■ Max capacity 2000 kg

❋ Measurement of the equipment’s diameter
▲ Measurement of the equipment’s lenght
200
FRONT EQUIPMENT QUICK CONNECTING DEVICE
31 FRONT EQUIPMENT QUICK CONNECTING DEVICE

31.1 STANDARD BUCKET HYDRAULIC
QUICK CONNECTING DEVICE
DANGER
• The attachment/detachment operations must be carried
out on a flat, solid surface.
• The method described applies to all front equipment whi-
ch does not require pressurised oil for its operation.
• Before starting work, make sure that the securing pins are
fully seated in the equipment.
2 1
1 - Pull the lever (1) to withdraw the connecting pins.
2 - Place the machine perpendicularly with respect to the equip-
ment to be installed.
3 - Using the bucket control lever (2), place the fixed connecting
pins (3) under the upper slots (4) of the bucket (5).
4 - Raise the bucket lifting arm (6) to insert the fixed pins (3) in
the upper slots (4) of the bucket (5); slightly lift the bucket.
5 - Push the lever forwards (1) to insert the fulcrum and connec-
tion pins. RYA21340
To detach, carry out the above operations in reverse order.
5 6
RWA25290
6
5
RWA25300
201
FRONT EQUIPMENT QUICK CONNECTING DEVICE
31.2 QUICK CONNECTION WITH HYDRAU-

LIC CONTROL FOR 4 IN 1 BUCKET 1
AND OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT WITH 2
SINGLE TRANSMISSION
The 4 in 1 bucket and hydraulic equipment which can be instal-
led must be supplied with quick connections.
In this case the insertion and withdrawal movements of the ful-
crum pins are obtained by connecting the quick couplings (1-2)
of the delivery and discharge tubes of the 4 in 1 bucket (or of the
equipment) to the quick connection group with the engine off. RYA21350
2
RYA21360
202
4 IN 1 BUCKET
32. 4 IN 1 BUCKET
(For characteristics see «30. AUTHORIZED OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT»).
32.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROLS

The 4 in 1 bucket is a piece of equipment which allows different
functions to be carried out without the need for the installation of
specific machinery.
With respect to the standard shovel, it has a mobile jaw which
can open to empty material without the rotation of the shovel. 9
Opening is achieved by means of two hydraulic cylinders (1)
controlled by an auxiliary distributor.
1 - Hydraulic cylinders 1
2 - Protection carter
3 - Mobile jaw
The distributor control for the opening and closing of the shovel
is performed by a lever (4) situated at the side of the control le-
ver (5) of the standard shovel which nevertheless maintains all
of its normal functions (See «12.2.2 FRONT SHOVEL CON-
TROLS»). RYA21370
5 4
2
3
RYA21380 RYA21390
32.2 SAFETY
The 4 in 1 bucket is accompanied by the tooth protection carter
(2).
For other devices, see «10.1 SAFETY DEVICES FOR THE
LOADING SHOVEL».
203
4 IN 1 BUCKET
32.3 INSTALLATION OF THE 4 IN 1 BUCKET
DANGER
• When the coupling fulcrums are being assembled or di-
smantled, splinters may detach; always use gloves, pro-
tective eye goggles and a helmet.
• For the substitution of equipment the help of another per-
son is required; it is important to agree on the terms and
signs to be used.
For the assembly of the 4 in 1 bucket it is necessary to couple

the mechanical links of the loader as described in «21.3 CHAN-
GING THE FRONT BUCKET» and to follow the hydraulic con-
nections using the existing tubing.
CAUTION
• After mechanically connecting the boom to the shovel,
turnoff the engine, remove the ignition keys and shift the
control levers several times in every direction to totally di-
scharge the residual pressure from the circuits; insert the
hand brake.
• During the connection of the tubing be careful that no im-
purities enter the circuit.
The connection procedure is as follows:

1 - Remove the protective plugs (6).
2 - Connect the quick coupling devices (7-8).
3 - Start the machine, lift the bucket by a few centimeters and by 7
moving the control lever open and close the bucket several ti- 8
mes to control its seals and that it is functioning properly.
4 - Lower the bucket to the ground, turn off the machine, lubrica-
te the joints (See «26.1 - 26.2 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM»)
and control the hydraulic oil level (See «28.1.e CONTROL-
LING THE OIL LEVEL OF THE HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT»).
6
☞
RYA21400
IMPORTANT
• Before initiating work check that the ground positioning
indicator of the boom is set (See «21.1 SHOVEL POSITION
INDICATOR»).
204
4 IN 1 BUCKET
32.4 USE OF THE 4 IN 1 BUCKET

The 4 in 1 bucket can be used as follows:
1 - To load (reversing the shovel as described in «21.2.1 LOADING PILED UP OR FLAT MATERIAL»).
2 - To unload from elevated levels by opening the shovel instead of reversing it (vertical discharge).
3 - To grab trunks, branches etc. using the grabbing function (opening and closing) exploiting the hold of the teeth
on the mobile jaw (3).
4 - To flatten and level (with open shovel).
☞ IMPORTANT
• To flatten, open the shovel and drive the machine forward working with the fixed part.
• To level, open the shovel and reverse the machine using the mobile part.
In any case, the operator can control the degree of aperture of the shovel which is shown by the indicator (9).
32.5 MAINTENANCE
The 4 in 1 bucket does not require further maintenance beyond that required for the standard shovel other than
the lubrication described in section «26.2 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM».
205
FORKS FOR PALLETS
33. FORKS FOR PALLETS

(For characteristics see «30. AUTHORIZED OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT»).
33.1 DESCRIPTION
The width of the forks may varied in order to adapt to the width
of the load to be lifted; the various widths are fixed by pegs whi-
ch are wedged into slots on the top guide rail.
RYA21410
33.2 USE OF THE FORKS
DANGER
• Before using the forks it would be appropriate that the operator acquire experience with the increased
dimensions of the machine as well as with the control of the fork insertion movement.
• The forks protrude beyond the shovel therefore be very careful during manoeuvers , especially if car-
ried out in restricted spaces.
• After placing the material on the forks and before lifting the load, fully insert the forks in order to lift the
extremities and prevent the load from slipping.
• Use the lifting, insertion and movement controls slowly and in a continuous manner in order to avoid
sudden jerks which may displace the load.
• Use the maximum possible fork width.
• Do not use the forks to lift load tied to ropes or chains; oscillations of the load may cause the ropes or
chains to slip creating serious danger.
• Never use one fork at a time to lift a load.
The use of the forks does not warrant particular explanations apart from what is listed above; if objects or sets of
objects have to be moved which are not fastened to a pallet, tie them to the forks using straps, ropes or chains
which ensure stability of the load.
33.3 MAINTENANCE
For this device no specific maintenance is needed apart from the occasional greasing of the lower fulcrum pins
(See «26.3 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM»).
206
CONFIGURATION OF THE MANUAL PNEUMATIC DRILL
34. CONFIGURATION OF THE MANUAL PNEUMATIC DRILL
DANGER
• The manual pneumatic drill is a noisy piece of equipment; before use wear an anti- noise headset.
• The manual pneumatic drill transmits intense vibrations to the person operating it which may cause
psychological and physical tiredness; increase attention especially towards the end of the working
shift and take breaks when there is a lack of sensation in the upper limbs.

The machine can be configured with delivery (1) and discharge
(2) attachments for the use with a manual pneumatic drill; the
connection to the machine is constituted by two flexible tubes
(3).
The circuit that powers the drill is separated from the normal cir-
cuits of the machine by an electrovalve controlled by a button -
switch (4) situated on the dashboard.
By activating the switch (4) which includes a warning light, the
electrovalve is engaged allowing the oil flow necessary for the
operation of the hammer to flow; returning the switch to its re- 4
RYA21420
sting position, the electrovalve is disactivated and the oil flow is
interrupted.
The pneumatic drill has its own control (See the specific ma-
nual).
3
1
2
RWA25400
207
34.2 CONNECTIONS AND REMOVAL OF HAMMER
DANGER
• The connection and the removal must be performed with the machine parked, equipment lowered to
the ground and with the hand brake and safety pins of the control levers inserted.
• Before connecting or detaching the drill completely discharge the residual pressure in the tubes.
34.2.1 CONNECTION
The connection must be carried out according to the following procedure:
1 - Turn off the engine of the machine and shift the hydraulic controls in all directions to completely discharge the
residual pressures in the machine’s circuit.
2 - Turn the ignition key to the « » position and press the control button (4) of the pneumatic drill to discharge the
residual pressure in the delivery tube of the drill.
3 - Return the ignition key to the « » position and remove it.
4 - Control the perfect cleanliness of the attachments and connect the drill.
5 - Switch on the engine and press button (4) which engages the drill's supply circuit.
6 - With the hand accelerator, bring the engine to the number of revs indicated in the technical data and begin the
work.
34.2.2 REMOVAL OF ATTACHMENTS

At the end of the work:
1 - Return the switch (4) to its resting position in order to disactivate the circuit, reduce the number of revs and
switch off the engine.
2 - Shift the hydraulic controls in all directions to completely discharge the residual pressure in the machine’s cir-
cuit.
3 - Bring the ignition key to the « » position and activate the control switch (4) of the hammer in order to dischar-
ge the residual pressure from the hammer delivery tube; after discharge of the pressure, return the switch (4)
to its resting position in order to disactivate the circuit.
4 - Return the ignition key to the « » position.
5 - Detacher the hammer.
CAUTION
• If quick attachments are not installed, install on the connections of the machine and drill the closing
caps and gaskets.
DANGER
• Ensure that the caps are tight and properly fitting; if the circuit is accidentally put under pressure small
leaks can be transformed into narrow jets which can pierce the skin or hit the eyes.
• For the control of the joins wear thick gloves and security eye goggles.
• To locate leaks use a piece of cardboard or wood.
208
34.3 USE OF THE DRILL

See the specific manual.
34.4 MAINTENANCE
The hydraulic circuit does not require any maintenance or controls other than those normally carried out on the
machine.
For maintenance of the drill see the specific manual.
209
TELESCOPIC BOOM FOR BACKHOE
35. TELESCOPIC BOOM FOR BACKHOE

35.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROL
The setting of the second boom of the backhoe enables opera- 1
tion with the assembled equipment at a variable distance greater
than that allowed by the standard boom.
With the assembly of this boom (and with the boom extended),
the breaking force at the tooth is reduced and smaller loads may
be lifted; an appropriate bucket therefore must be installed (See
«30. CHARACTERISTICS OF APPROVED EQUIPMENT»). 2
The construction foresees a hollow external arm (1) and the arm
(2) which supports the equipment sliding along adjustable «V»
shaped guide- rails.
RWA03550
Sliding is obtained by means of a double action cylinder control-
led by an auxiliary distributor.
The distributor control which guides the telescopic movement is
obtained by means of a pedal (3) situated on the right hand side
of the backhoe; the levers retain all movements as described in
section «12.2.3 BACKHOE CONTROLS».
The controls which activate the telescopic boom are:
1 - Pushing the pedal with the tip of the foot the boom is exten-
ded.
2 - Pushing the pedal with the heel of the foot the boom is re-
tracted.
3 RYA21430
35.2 SAFETY
The telescopic boom is provided with a safety pivot (4) which
6
blocks the extendible boom (2) once completely retracted and
prevents accidental extension.
The safety pivot (4), held by the safety pin (5), must be inserted
to block the extension of the boom when: 5
1 - Road circulation is required or whenever the machine is
being moved over long distances. 4
2 - When the backhoe is not in use.
During operation the pivot must be inserted in the hole (6). RYA21440
210
35.3 USE OF THE TELESCOPIC BOOM
DANGER
• Before unblocking and extending the boom, control that the stabilizers are resting in a safe manner on
a solid surface.
• If possible operate with the excavator centered on the rails and unload the material as close as possi-
ble.
• If it necessary to operate the excavator off its axis or completely removed from the rails make sure that
when the boom is rotated on the off- axis side the movement be carried out slowly; under these condi-
tions the machine can loose stability.
• Do not use the retraction cylinder of the boom to increase the tearing force of the shovel during dig-
ging.
For the other possible uses, see «22. USING THE MACHINE TO DIG».
35.4 MAINTENANCE
The telescopic boom requires two maintenance operations:
1 - Lubrication of the guide-rails and joints (See «26.5 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM»).
2 - Adjustment of the leeway of the guide-rails (8) to be occasionally carried out when shaking or hammering is
heard during operation.
35.4.1 LEEWAY ADJUSTMENT OF THE GUIDE-

RAILS
DANGER
•During the adjustment of the guide-rails and after leaving
the driver’s seat, remove the ignition key.
• Act on one adjustment screw or on one guide-rail at a ti- 9
me.
• Do not rest tools in the space between the safety blocks
and the arm. 7
1 - Position the machine on flat ground and lower the stabilizers. 8

2 - Lift the boom, completely close the shovel and fully extend
the telescopic part (7).
3 - Close the arm until the guide-rails (8) are perpendicular to
the ground and in a position such that the extendible part is
totally free without forcing the guiderails.
4 - Turn off the engine. RYA21450
5 - Check the side on which the adjustment bolt (9) of the guides
project furthest.
Continue with the adjustment, acting only on this side.
211
CAUTION
• If the adjustment bolts (9) projects equally on both sides,
it does not matter if the operation described at point 6 is
performed either on the right or left sides.
10
6 - Loosen the four locknuts (10) and completely screw in the
adjustment bolts (9) until there is no more leeway. (Use span-
ner of size 27 mm and screw wrench of 8 mm).
7 - Starting from a central position, loosen the adjustment bolts
(9) by 270° (3/4 of a turn) and block the position with the lock- RYA21460
nuts (10).
8 - Start up the machine, extend and close the telescopic boom
several times to check that it is sliding normally.
CAUTION 10 9
• The limit of maximum wear permitted for the shoes is re-
presented by the minimum engagement of the adjustment
bolts (9) in the locknuts. The shoes should be changed
when the heads of the bolts (9) go in 5 mm further than 270°
the locknuts (10).
• Do not eliminate all the leeway since this may result in the Clearance = 0 RWA03850
seizure of the guide-rails.
• After the adjustment continue with the lubrication of the
guide-rails (See «26.5 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM»).
10 9
Reducing clearance RWA03950
5 mm
Shoe to be changed
RWA04050
212
CONFIGURATION OF THE PNEUMATIC DRILL
36. CONFIGURATION OF THE PNEUMATIC DRILL
DANGER
• For the characteristics of the drill see «30. AUTHORIZED OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT».
• The pneumatic drill is a noisy instrument; before usage wear the anti-noise headset.
36.1 DESCRIPTION AND CONTROL

A pneumatic drill can be fitted to the backhoe; it is driven by a
hydraulic circuit controlled by a supplementary distributor con-
trolled by a pedal (1) on the RH side of the backhoe control lever
unit. Depressing the pedal (1) with the foot pressurises the oil in
the circuit and thus starts the hammer; releasing the pedal
blocks the flow of oil and thus stops the hammer.
The configuration also foresees the fixed installation of the deli-
very (2) and discharge (3) tubes of the running oil to the point of
the drill’s attachment (4).
1 RYA21470
2 = Delivery tube
3 = Discharge tube
3 2
3
2
RWA03680
213
36.2 ASSEMBLY AND REMOVAL OF PNEUMATIC DRILL

36.2.1 ASSEMBLY
DANGER
• The machine has to be parked on a flat surface with the
forward equipment on the ground.
• For assembly, the drill should be placed horizontally with
its point towards the machine.
• When the coupling fulcrums are being assembled or di-
smantled, splinters may detach; always use gloves, pro-
tective eye goggles and a helmet.
signs to be used.
• Do not use fingers to align the holes; there is the danger
of severe injury or amputation.
• Discharge the residual pressure from the tubes.
For the assembly of the pneumatic drill it is necessary to con-

nect the mechanical attachments of the backhoe bucket as de-
scribed in «22.5 CHANGING THE BACKHOE BUCKET» and
make the hydraulic connections using the tubing.
After making the mechanical attachments, carry out the hydrau-
lic attachments observing the following procedure.
1 - Turn off the engine of the machine and shift the hydraulic
controls in all directions to completely discharge the residual
pressures in the machine's circuit.
2 - Depress the hammer control pedal (1) to discharge residual
pressure in the hammer delivery tube. RWA03690
3 - Remove the closing caps of both the tubes of the machine as

well as the flexible tubes of the drill.
4 - Connect the right and left hand side tubes.
CAUTION
• During the attachment of the tubes, take particular care
that no impurities enter the circuit.
5 - Start the machine and lift the pneumatic drill into a vertical
position.
6 - Turn off the machine and lubricate the joints (See «26.1 LU-
BRICATION DIAGRAM») and the drill (See the specific main- RWA03700
tenance and user manual).

7 - Before beginning work control the joins.
DANGER
• During this control wear thick gloves and security eye
goggles.
• For the control of the leaks use a piece of cardboard or
wood.
214
36.2.2 REMOVAL OF THE PNEUMATIC DRILL

For the removal of the pneumatic drill use the following procedure:
1 - Turn off the engine of the machine and shift the hydraulic controls in all directions to completely discharge the
residual pressures in the machine’s circuit.
2 - Depress the hammer control pedal to discharge residual pressure in the hammer delivery tube.
3 - Detach the delivery and discharge tubes of the drill.
4 - Assemble the closing caps of the tubes complete with gaskets.
DANGER
• Ensure that the caps are tight and properly fitting; if the circuit is accidentally put under pressure small
leaks can be transformed into narrow jets which can pierce the skin or hit the eyes.
• For the control of the joins wear thick gloves and security eye goggles.
• To locate leaks use a piece of cardboard or wood.
5 - Detach the drill from the mechanical attachments as described in «22.5 CHANGING THE BACKHOE BUC-
KET».
36.3 MAINTENANCE
The hydraulic circuit does not need any maintenance or further different controls other than those usually requi-
red by the machine.
For maintenance of the drill see the specific manual.
215
APPLYING THE TRANSPORTABLE DEVICE
37. APPLYING THE TRANSPORTABLE DEVICE
DANGER
• When movement or road circulation is required, the transportable device must be placed in a central
position with respect to the axis of the 1st arm.
• To carry out excavations with vertical walls, the pivot of the fulcrum (1) of the rotational support (2)
must be completely vertical; be particularly attentive to this position for excavations close to walls and
stakes, shafts and underground passages.
• When digging close to walls be very careful not to weaken the foundations that could provoke collap-
ses.
• When working outside of the line of the wheels:
1 - Ensure that the ground where the stirrups and wheels are placed is solid and that the area is remo-
ved from edges, sides or ditch borders; remember that under these working conditions the specific
pressure on the ground increases.
2 - Limit the loads and operate at a low speed since the stability of the machine can be compromised.

The transportable device is an integral part of the boom (3) and 3 1 4
enables digging outside of the line of the wheels.
If the transportable device is in a neutral position, the boom may
be used as a normal boom; if digging is required beyond the line
of the wheels, in addition to moving the excavator, the device
must be engaged to bring the arm (4) and the axis of the machi-
ne parallel.
The cylinder (5) which rotates the mount (2) to which the 2°
boom is mechanically fixed (4), is controlled by a supplementary 5 2
distributor controlled by a pedal (1) on the RH side of the RWA03750
backhoe control lever unit.

The movements produced by the levers are unaffected as de-
scribed under section «12.2.3 BACKHOE CONTROLS».
The controls which activate the transportable device are:
5
1 - Pushing the pedal with the tip of the foot causes rotation to 3
the right.
2 - Pushing the pedal with the heel of the foot causes rotation to
the left.
2
4 RWA03760
EDGE OF
THE WHEEL
2
6 RYA21480 RWA04150
216
APPLYING THE TRANSPORTABLE DEVICE
37.2 MAINTENANCE
The transportable device does not need any particular maintenance apart from greasing (See «26.4 LUBRICA-
TION DIAGRAM»).
217
CONFIGURATION OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT WITH SINGLE DELIVERY
38. CONFIGURATION OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT WITH SINGLE

DELIVERY
DANGER
• Some equipment which can be assembled instead of the standard bucket make the machine unsuitable
for road circulation. Before any new transferal, control that the machine is approved for road circula-
tion with the specific equipment.
• The assembly and dismantling of equipment not approved for road circulation must be performed at
the work sites or in confined areas restricted to traffic.

RIGHT SIDE
The machine can be configured with an independent hydraulic PRESSURE
circuit to power optional equipment which can be installed on the
backhoe in place of the standard bucket.
The circuit is controlled by a supplementary hydraulic distributor
controlled by a pedal on the RH side of the backhoe control lever
unit.
The movements that control the auxiliary circuit are:
1 - Pushing the pedal with the tip of the foot delivery occurs on
LEFT SIDE
the right hand side of the circuit and discharge on the left PRESSURE
hand side. RYA21500
2 - Pushing the pedal with the heel, delivery occurs on the left
hand side of the circuit and discharge on the right hand side.
The movements produced by the levers are unaffected as de-
scribed under section «12.2.3 BACKHOE CONTROLS», with
the exception of the bucket control which acts as the positioning
control for the optional piece of equipment.
The configuration also foresees the installation of fixed delivery
and oil discharge tubes necessary for the functioning of the equi-
pment up to the attachment.
38.2 ASSEMBLY AND CONNECTION OF EQUIPMENT

The equipment is assembled according to the procedures indicated in section «22.5 CHANGING THE
BACKHOE BUCKET»; connect the delivery and discharge tubes as follows:
1 - After connecting the equipment, turn off the engine of the machine and shift the hydraulic control in both direc-
tions to completely discharge the residual pressures.
CAUTION
• During the subsequent phases, pay careful attention that no impurities enter the circuit.
2 - Remove the caps of the two tubes and of the installed equipment.
218
CONFIGURATION OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT WITH SINGLE DELIVERY
3 - Connect the delivery and discharge tubes.

4 - Turn on the machine, press the control pedal of the equipment several times to control the joins.
DANGER
• During this control wear thick gloves and protective eye goggles.
• For the control of the leaks use a piece of wood or cardboard.
5 - Switch off the engine of the machine and proceed with the possible mechanical connection of the longer tubes
to avoid shaking and damage to the joints.
38.3 MAINTENANCE
machine.
For maintenance of the equipment see the specific manuals.
219
CONFIGURATION FOR ATTACHMENT OF ROTATING AND CUTTING SHOVEL
39. CONFIGURATION FOR ATTACHMENT OF ROTATING AND

CUTTING SHOVEL
DANGER
• A machine that with a rotating and cutting shovel installed
cannot circulate on roads.
• Assembly of the cutting shovel must be done on the buil-
ding site; should movement of the machine be necessary
, the shovel will have to be dismantled.
• The shovel is free to swing on the attachment of the arm;
RYA21600
during use take into account the increased dimensions
due to oscillations.
The machine can be configured with a rotating and cutting sho-

vel on the backhoe in replacement of the standard bucket. For
the rotation of the cutting shovel an independent hydraulic circuit
is used which is powered by an auxiliary distributor, whereas for
the opening and closing of the shovel the opening and closing
circuit of the standard bucket is used with the exclusion of the
control cylinder (See «39.2 ASSEMBLY OF THE CUTTING
SHOVEL»).
The other controls for the movement of the backhoe (boom, arm
and rotation boom) remain unchanged (See «12.2.3 BACKHOE
CONTROLS»).
The supplementary distriìbutor which controls the rotation is
controlled by a pedal on the RH side of the backhoe control lever
unit. The pedal is operated as follows:
1 - Pushing the pedal with the tip of the foot causes rotation of
the shovel in a clockwise direction.
2 - Pushing the pedal with the heel of the foot causes rotation of
the shovel in an anti- clockwise direction.
The configuration also foresees the installation of fixed delivery
and oil discharge tubes necessary for the rotation of the shovel
up to the attachment of the shovel.
220
39.2 ASSEMBLY OF THE CUTTING AND

ROTATING SHOVEL A
DANGER
• The machine must be parked on flat ground with the
forward equipment on the ground.
• When assembling or dismantling of the coupling pins, 2
3
look out for metal splinters that might detach themselves
and wound the Operator; always use protective glasses,
heavy gloves and a helmet.
4 4
signs to be used.
• Do not use fingers to align the holes; there is the danger
of severe injury or amputation. 1
• Completely discharge the residual pressure from the tu-
bes.
For the assembly of the cutting and rotating shovel it is neces-

sary to follow the procedure below: RWA03810
1 - Remove from the backhoe the standard bucket (See «22.5

CHANGING THE BACKHOE BUCKET»).
2 - Fully return the control piston of the shovel.
3 - Connect the cutting shovel to the 2nd arm. B
4 - Turn off the machine and move the controls in every direction
to discharge the residual pressures.
5 - Mechanically block the thrusting lever of the standard bucket
in order to block the piston at the bottom of its cycle.
CAUTION
• During the subsequent phases take particular care that no 2
impurities enter into the tubes or cylinder.
4
FOR 2ND STANDARD BOOM (Fig. A) 4
6 - Disconnect from the shovel's cylinder (1) the pistons' activa-
ting tubes (2-3) and ensure hermetic closure of the cylinders'
attachments (4). 1
FOR TELESCOPIC BOOM (Fig. B) 3
6 - Disconnect from the distribution block (1) the pistons' activa-
ting tubes (2-3) and ensure hermetic closure of the cylinders'
attachments (4).
7 - Connect the tubes detached from the cylinder of the cutting RWA03820
shovel to the opening and closing attachments.

8 - Remove the caps from the rigid tubes of the configuration
and connect the tubes.
9 - Switch on the machine and lift the cutting shovel by a few
centimeters.
10 -Slowly carry out a few openings, closures and rotations to
control the joins.
221
DANGER
• During this control wear thick gloves and protective eye goggles.
• For the control of the leaks use a piece of wood or cardboard.
39.3 USE OF THE CUTTING AND ROTATING

See the specific manual.
39.4 MAINTENANCE
machine.
For maintenance of the cutting shovel see the specific manual.
222
© 2006 KOMATSU UTILITY EUROPE S.p.A.
All Rights Reserved
Printed in Europe

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Operation & Maintenance

SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION

IMPROPER OR NON PERMISSIBLE USES

RUNNING-IN THE MACHINE

DANGER WORK AREA

DO NOT OPEN THE ENGINE HOOD

DANGER ARTICULATED AREA

CONSULT THE MANUAL

FILL WITH HYDRAULIC OIL

FILL WITH FUEL

MOTOR LUBRICATION OIL FILTER

AIR ASPIRATION MOTOR FILTER

MOTOR REFRIGERATION PRESSURE

MOTOR COOLANT LEVEL

HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL

HYDRAULIC OIL FILTER

DO NOT LIFT MORE THAN 1000 kg IN

POSITION OF THE IDENTIFICATION TAGS OF THE MACHINE COMPONENTS

BACKHOE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

FORWARD AXLE NUMBER

REAR AXLE NUMBER

IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS AND AGENTS NAME AND ADDRESS

Product identification number (PIN)

Front axle No.

Rear axle No.

MACHINE IDENTIFICATION PLATE AND

MASSA TOTALE - TOTAL WEIGHT

Product Identification Number

MANUFACTURED BY KOMATSU UTILITY EUROPE S.p.A.

Product Identification Number

MANUFACTURED BY KOMATSU UTILITY EUROPE S.p.A.

SAFETY MEASURES INVOLVING MOVEMENT OF THE MACHINE

1.2 SAFETY DEVICES

1.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

increased attention should be paid to this problem particularly

1.4 UNAUTHORISED MODIFICATIONS

1.5 WHEN LEAVING THE DRIVING SEAT

1.6 ENTERING AND LEAVING THE MA-

1.7 CHECKING THE REAR-VIEW MIR-

lead to a risk of knocking down people who have carelessly

1.8 PREVENTION OF FIRE FROM FUEL

1.9 PREVENTION OF BURNS OR SCALD-

1.10 PREVENTION OF ASBESTOS DUST

3 - If possible, operate the machine downwind (i.e., with your

1.11 PREVENTION OF INJURY CAUSED

are correctly positioned and have secured the booms.

1.12 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND FIRST

• Make sure that the telephone numbers of people or organisa-

1.13 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS CAB STRUCTURE

1.14 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS EQUIPMENT

2. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE STARTING UP THE

2.2 FIRE PREVENTION

2.3 PRECAUTIONS AS REGARDS THE OPERATOR’S CAB

2.4 VENTILATION OF ENCLOSED AREAS

2.5 CLEANING WINDOWS, MIRRORS AND HEADLIGHTS CHECKING

3. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE WORKING

3.2 REGULATIONS GOVERNING ROAD TRAVEL

3.3 CHECKS BEFORE MOVING THE MA-

Before starting to move in reverse gear, it is very important to

3.4 MACHINE MOVEMENT RYA19330

• When the machine is in motion, position the front shovel about

3.5 WORKING ON SLOPES RYA19340

• If working on a slope, on hillsides, or on the banks of rivers or