Tutorial Mat Elastic Iac PDF

Tutorials
This rubber boot seal example demonstrates geometric nonlinearities (large strain and large deformation),
nonlinear material behavior (rubber), and changing status nonlinearities (contact). The objective of this
example is to show the advantages of the surface-projection-based contact method and to determine
the displacement behavior of the rubber boot seal, stress results.
A rubber boot seal with half symmetry is considered for this analysis. There are three contact pairs
defined; one is rigid-flexible contact between the rubber boot and cylindrical shaft, and the remaining
two are self contact pairs on the inside and outside surfaces of the boot.
Features Demonstrated
• Hyperelastic Material Creation
• Remote Point
• Named Selection
• Manual Contact Generation
• Large Deflection
• Multiple Load Steps
• Nodal Contacts
Setting Up the Analysis System

1. Create a Static Structural analysis system.
a. Start ANSYS Workbench.
b. On the Workbench Project page, drag a Static Structural system from the Toolbox to the Project
Schematic.
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Nonlinear Static Structural Analysis of a Rubber Boot Seal
2. Create Materials.
For this tutorial, we are going to create a material to use during the analysis.
a. In the Static Structural schematic, right-click the Engineering Data cell and choose Edit. The Engin-
eering Data tab opens. Structural Steel is the default material.
b. From the Engineering Data tab, place your cursor in the Click here to add new material field and
then enter "Rubber Material".
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. 1571
Tutorials
c. Expand the Hyperelastic Toolbox menu:
i. Select the Neo-Hookean option, right-click, and select Include Property.
ii. Enter 1.5 for the Initial Shear Modulus (µ) Value and then select MPa for the Unit.
iii. Enter .026 for the Incompressibility Parameter D1 Value and then select MPa^-1 for the Unit.
Tutorials
d. Click the Return to Project toolbar button to return to the Project Schematic.
3. Attach Geometry.
a. In the Static Structural schematic, right-click the Geometry cell and choose Import Geometry>Browse.
b. Browse to the proper folder location and open the file BootSeal_Cylinder.agdb. This file is available
on the ANSYS Customer Portal; go to http://support.ansys.com/training.
Define the Model

The steps to define the model in preparation for analysis are described below. You may wish to refer
to the Modeling section of Chapter 29: Nonlinear Analysis of a Rubber Boot Seal in the Mechanical
APDL Technology Demonstration Guide to see the steps taken in the Mechanical APDL Application.
1. Launch Mechanical by right-clicking the Model cell and then choosing Edit. (Tip: You can also double-
click the Model cell to launch Mechanical).
2. Define Unit System: from the Menu bar , select Units> Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA). Also select Ra-
dians as the angular unit.
3. Define stiffness behavior and thickness: expand the Geometry folder and select the Surface Body
object. Set the Stiffness Behavior to Rigid and enter a Thickness value of 0.01 mm.
Tutorials
4. In the Geometry folder, select the Solid geometry object. In the Details under the Material category,
open the Assignment property drop-down list and select Rubber Material.
5. Create a Cylindrical Coordinate System: Right-click the Coordinate Systems folder and select Insert>Co-
ordinate System. Highlight the new Coordinate System object, right-click, and rename it to "Cylindrical
Coordinate System".
Specify properties of the Cylindrical Coordinate System:
a. Under the Details view Definition category, change Type to Cylindrical and Coordinate System to
Manual.
b. Under the Origin group, change the Define By property to Global Coordinates.
c. Under Principal Axis select Z as the Axis value and set the Define By property to Global Y Axis.
d. Under Orientation About Principal Axis, select X as the Axis value and select Global Z Axis for the
Define By property.
6. Insert Remote Point: Right-click on the Model object and select Insert>Remote Point.
7. In Details view, scope the Geometry to cylinder’s exterior surface, set X Coordinate, Y Coordinate, and
Z Coordinate to 0, and specify the Behavior as Rigid.
Tutorials
8. Define Named Selections:
a. Right-click on the Model object and select Insert>Named Selection.
b. Select the exterior surface of the cylinder, Apply it as the Geometry, right-click, and Rename it to
Cylinder_Outer_Surface.
c. Right-click on the Surface Body object under the Geometry folder and select Hide Body. This step
eases the selection of the boot’s inner surfaces.
d. Highlight the Named Selection object and select Insert>Named Selection.
e. Select all of the inner faces of the boot seal as illustrated below and scope the faces as the Geometry
selection. Make sure that the Geometry property indicates that 24 Faces are selected.
Press the Ctrl key to select multiple surfaces individually or you can hold down the mouse button
and methodically drag the cursor across all of the interior surfaces. Note that the status bar at
the bottom of the graphics window displays the number of selected surfaces (highlighted in
green in the following image).
Tutorials
f. Right-click the new Selection object and Rename it to Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces.
g. Again highlight the Named Selection object and select Insert>Named Selection.
h. Reorient your model and select all of the outer faces of the boot seal as illustrated below and scope
the faces as the Geometry selection. Make sure that the Geometry property indicates that 27 Faces
are selected.
The selection process is the same. Press the Ctrl key to select multiple surfaces individually or
you can hold down the mouse button and methodically drag the cursor across all of the surfaces
(except the top surface of the boot).
i. Right-click the new Selection object and Rename it to Boot_Seal_Outer_Surfaces.
9. Insert a Connection Group and Manual Contacts:
Tutorials
a. Highlight the Connections folder, right-click, and select Insert>Connections Group.
b. Right-click on the Connections Group and select Insert>Manual Contact Region. Notice that Con-
nection Group is automatically renamed to Contacts and that the new contact region requires
definition.
c. Create a Rigid-Flexible contact between the rubber boot and cylindrical shaft by defining the following
Details view properties of the newly added Bonded-No Selection To No Selection.
• Scoping Method set to Named Selections.
• Contact set to Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces from drop-down list of Named Selections.
• Target set to Cylinder_Outer_Surface from drop-down list of Named Selections.
• Target Shell Face set to Top.
• Type set to Frictional.
• Frictional Coefficient Value equal to 0.2.
• Set Behavior set to Asymmetric.
• Detection Method set to On Gauss Point.
• Interface Treatment set to Add Offset, Ramped Effects.
Tutorials
Note
The name of the contact, Bonded-No Selection To No Selection, is automatically

renamed to Frictional - Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces To Cylinder_Outer_Surface.
d. Right-click the Contacts folder object and select Insert>Manual Contact Region. Set Contact at inner
surface of the boot seal. In details view of the newly added Bonded-No Selection To No Selection,
change the following properties:
• Scope set to Named Selection.
• Contact and Target set to Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces.
• Frictional Coefficient value equal to 0.2.
• Detection Method set to Nodal-Projected Normal From Contact.
Note
The Bonded-No Selection To No Selection is automatically renamed to Frictional

- Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces To Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces.
e. Right-click the Contacts folder object and select Insert>Manual Contact Region. Set Contact at inner
surface of the boot seal. Self Contact at outer surface of the boot seal. In details view of the newly
added Bonded-No Selection To No Selection, specify the following properties:
• Scoping Method set to Named Selection.
• Contact and Target set to Boot_Seal_Outer_Surfaces.
Tutorials
• Frictional Coefficient Value equal to 0.2.
• Detection Method set to Nodal-Projected Normal From Contact.
Note
Bonded-No Selection To No Selection is automatically renamed to Frictional -

Boot_Seal_Outer_Surfaces To Boot_Seal_Outer_Surfaces.
Analysis Settings
The problem is solved in three load steps, which include:
• Initial interference between the cylinder and boot.
• Vertical displacement of the cylinder (axial compression in the rubber boot).
• Rotation of the cylinder (bending of the rubber boot).
Load steps are specified through the properties of the Analysis Settings object.
1. Highlight the Analysis Settings object.
2. Define the following properties:
• Number of Steps equals 3.
• Auto Time Stepping set to On (from Program Controlled).
• Define By set to Substeps.
• Initial Substeps and Minimum Substeps set to 5.
• Maximum Substeps set to 1000.
• Large Deflection set to On.
3. For the second load step, define the properties as follows:
• Current Step Number to 2.
4. For the third load step, define the properties as follows:
• Current Step Number to 3.
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Boundary Conditions
The model is constrained at the symmetry plane by restricting the out-of-plane rotation (in Cylindrical
Coordinate System). The bottom portion of the rubber boot is restricted in axial (Y axis) and radial dir-
ections (in Cylindrical Coordinate System).
1. Highlight the Static Structural (A5) object and:
• select the two faces (press the Ctrl key and then select each face) of the rubber boot seal as illustrated
here.
• right-click and select Insert>Displacement.
2. Set the Coordinate System property to Cylindrical Coordinate System and the Y Component property
to 0.
3. Highlight the Static Structural (A5) object and select the face illustrated here. Insert another Displace-
ment and set the Y Component to 0 (Coordinate System should equal Global Coordinate System).
4. Insert another Displacement scoped as illustrated here and set the Coordinate System property to
Cylindrical Coordinate System and the X Component property to 0.
Tutorials
5. Insert a Remote Displacement from the Support drop-down menu on the Environment toolbar.
6. Specify Remote Point as the Scoping Method.
7. Select the Remote Point created earlier (only option) for the Remote Points property.
8. Change the X Component, Y Component, Z Component, Rotation X, Rotation Y, and Rotation Z

properties to Tabular (Time) as illustrated below.
9. In the Tabular Data specify:
• Y value for Step 2 and Step 3 as -10 mm.
• RZ value for Step 3 as 0.55 [rad].
Results and Solution

1. Highlight the Solution and then select Deformation>Total Deformation from the Solution toolbar.
2. Specify the Geometry as the boot body only, and set the Definition category property By as Time and
the Display Time property as Last.
3. Highlight the Solution and then select Stress>Equivalent (von-Mises) from the Solution toolbar.
Tutorials
5. Highlight the Solution and then select Strain>Equivalent (von-Mises) from the Solution toolbar.
7. Click the Solve button.
Note
• The default mesh settings mesh keep mid-side nodes in elements creating SOLID186 elements
(See Solution Information). You can drop mid-side nodes in Mesh Details view under the Ad-
vanced group. This allows you to mesh and solve faster with lower order elements.
• Although very close, the mesh generated in this example may be slightly different than the
one generated in the Chapter 29: Nonlinear Analysis of a Rubber Boot Seal in the Mechanical
APDL Technology Demonstration Guide.
Review Results
The solution objects should appear as illustrated below. You can ignore any warning messages.
For a more detailed examination and explanation of the results, see the Results and Discussion section
of Chapter 29: Nonlinear Analysis of a Rubber Boot Seal in the Mechanical APDL Technology Demonstration
Guide.
Total Deformation at Maximum Shaft Angle
Equivalent Elastic Strain at Maximum Shaft Angle (at the end of 3 seconds)
Equivalent Stress (Von-Mises Stress) at Maximum Shaft Angle
Tutorials
End of tutorial.

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Tutorials

• Manual Contact Generation

• Multiple Load Steps

Setting Up the Analysis System

a. Start ANSYS Workbench.

c. Expand the Hyperelastic Toolbox menu:

i. Select the Neo-Hookean option, right-click, and select Include Property.

Define the Model

Specify properties of the Cylindrical Coordinate System:

8. Define Named Selections:

a. Right-click on the Model object and select Insert>Named Selection.

d. Highlight the Named Selection object and select Insert>Named Selection.

f. Right-click the new Selection object and Rename it to Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces.

i. Right-click the new Selection object and Rename it to Boot_Seal_Outer_Surfaces.

9. Insert a Connection Group and Manual Contacts:

a. Highlight the Connections folder, right-click, and select Insert>Connections Group.

• Scoping Method set to Named Selections.

• Contact set to Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces from drop-down list of Named Selections.

• Target set to Cylinder_Outer_Surface from drop-down list of Named Selections.

• Target Shell Face set to Top.

• Type set to Frictional.

• Frictional Coefficient Value equal to 0.2.

• Set Behavior set to Asymmetric.

• Detection Method set to On Gauss Point.

• Interface Treatment set to Add Offset, Ramped Effects.

The name of the contact, Bonded-No Selection To No Selection, is automatically

• Scope set to Named Selection.

• Contact and Target set to Boot_Seal_Inner_Surfaces.

• Type set to Frictional.

• Frictional Coefficient value equal to 0.2.

• Detection Method set to Nodal-Projected Normal From Contact.

The Bonded-No Selection To No Selection is automatically renamed to Frictional

• Scoping Method set to Named Selection.

• Contact and Target set to Boot_Seal_Outer_Surfaces.

• Type set to Frictional.

• Frictional Coefficient Value equal to 0.2.

• Detection Method set to Nodal-Projected Normal From Contact.

Bonded-No Selection To No Selection is automatically renamed to Frictional -

• Initial interference between the cylinder and boot.

• Vertical displacement of the cylinder (axial compression in the rubber boot).

• Rotation of the cylinder (bending of the rubber boot).

1. Highlight the Analysis Settings object.

2. Define the following properties:

• Number of Steps equals 3.

• Auto Time Stepping set to On (from Program Controlled).

• Define By set to Substeps.

• Initial Substeps and Minimum Substeps set to 5.

• Maximum Substeps set to 1000.

• Large Deflection set to On.

3. For the second load step, define the properties as follows:

• Current Step Number to 2.

• Auto Time Stepping set to On (from Program Controlled).

• Initial Substeps and Minimum Substeps set to 10.

• Maximum Substeps set to 1000.

4. For the third load step, define the properties as follows:

• Current Step Number to 3.

• Auto Time Stepping set to On (from Program Controlled).

• Initial Substeps and Minimum Substeps set to 20.

• Maximum Substeps set to 1000.

1. Highlight the Static Structural (A5) object and:

• right-click and select Insert>Displacement.

6. Specify Remote Point as the Scoping Method.

8. Change the X Component, Y Component, Z Component, Rotation X, Rotation Y, and Rotation Z