PROBLEM 4.

15
KNOWN: Dimensions and boundary temperatures of a steam pipe embedded in a concrete
casing.
FIND: Heat loss per unit length.
SCHEMATIC:

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Steady-state conditions, (2) Negligible steam side convection

resistance, pipe wall resistance and contact resistance (T 1 = 400K), (3) Constant properties.
PROPERTIES: Table A-3, Concrete (300K): k = 1.4 W/m⋅K.
ANALYSIS: The heat rate can be expressed as
q=Sk∆T1-2 =Sk ( T1 - T2 )

From Table 4.1, the shape factor is

2π L
S= .
1.08 w 
n 
 D 
Hence,
 q  2π k ( T1 − T2 )
q′ =
=
 L  n 1.08 w 
 D 
2π ×1.4W/m ⋅ K × ( 400 − 300 ) K
q′ = 767 W/m. <
1.08 ×1.75m 
n  
 0.6m
COMMENTS: Having neglected the steam side convection resistance, the pipe wall
resistance, and the contact resistance, the foregoing result overestimates the actual heat loss.