RESUMO SOBRE TEMPOS VERBAIS:

1- Simple Present Tense

2- Simple Future Tense ( will+ verb)
3- Present Continuous Tense ( = Present Progressive) (v.to be+ verb with ing)
4- Past Continuous Tense( = Past Progressive) (was/ were + verb with ing)
5- Present Perfect Tense (have/has + verb in the past participle)
6- Present Perfect Progressive ( have/ has + been + verb with ing)
7- Past Perfect Tense ( had + verb in the past participle)
8- Past Perfect Progressive ( had + been+ verb with ing)
9- Future Perfect Tense (will + have+ verb in the past participle)
10- Future Perfect Progressive ( will have been + verb with ing)
11- Conditional Clauses
☺ If + Simple Present+ Simple Present
☺If + Simple Present + Simple Future
☺If + Simple Past + Conditional / Could
☺If + Past Perfect + Would have + verb in the past participle
12- Passive Voice

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE ( PAST PROGRESSIVE)

I was talking on the phone when Jackie arrived.

While I was reading, he was writing

USOS:

1-. DESCREVER UMA AÇÃO QUE ESTAVA EM DESENVOLVIMENTO, EM

PROGRESSO, NO PASSADO.

Yesterday at 4 p.m. I was working in the garden.

At that time he was living in Rio
Last year at this time I was traveling

2- DESCREVER UMA AÇÃO QUE ESTAVA EM ANDAMENTO QUANDO

OUTRA AÇÃO ACONTECEU.

While we were walking in the park, it started to rain.

I was taking a shower when the phone rang.
Jane was sleeping when Susan came into the bedroom.
 3- DESCREVER DUAS OU MAIS AÇÕES QUE OCORRERAM AO MESMO
TEMPO NO PASSADO.

While I was studying, my brother was watching TV.

4- PARA AÇÕES QUE SE REPETIAM NO PASSADO. (Comum usarmos ALWAYS)

She didn´t lose weight because she was always eating chocolate.
Before I learned the rules, I was always making mistakes.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1- Designar fatos que ocorreram no passado em um tempo não determinado.

SEM REFERÊNCIA DE TEMPO

She has typed the letters
They´ve bought a new car.
Have you passed the exam?

COM REFERÊNCIA DE TEMPO INDICANDO QUE A AÇÃO ACABOU DE

ACONTECER. (just) – (6 casos)

I have JUST arrived home.

COM REFERÊNCIA DE TEMPO , INDICANDO QUE A AÇÃO NUNCA

ACONTECEU (never)

I have NEVER seen such a beautiful painting.

ACONTECEU ALGUMA VEZ ( GERALMENTE EM INTERROGATIVAS) (ever)

Have you EVER been to Europe?

AINDA NÃO ACONTECEU ( yet, em negativas)

Joe hasn´t had dinner YET.

JÁ ACONTECEU ( yet em interrogativas e already em afirmativas)

Has she visited the museum yet?

I have already talked to him about this matter.
COM REFERÊNCIA DE TEMPO, INDICANDO FREQUÊNCIA ( often, many times,
frequently, several times,always)

I have often seen this king of bird in the park

They´ve gone to Playcenter several times.
John has played tennis three times this week.

2- Descrever um passado não acabado ( ação começou no passado e continua até o

presente). Advérbios ou expressões adverbiais usadas: lately, recently, this wek, this
month, this mrning etc.

I haven´t seen Tom lately.

Has Jane taken a trip to Argentina this year?
Our company has exported a lot this month.

♥ expressando uma ação ou situação que tem início no passado e continua no presente,
tendo certo destaque o período de tempo de ocorrência da ação. ( since , for e how
long)

Mr Smith has been the store manager since 1993.

They have lived in the same house for 20 years.
How long has she worked as a cashier?

PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

1- Denotar o caráter de continuidade de não interrupção da ação. Descreve ações que

tiveram início no passado e continuam até o presente, dando-se ênfase ao seu
período de duração, não importando o resultado. ( since, for, all day, all morning, all
week, for an hour, for half an hours etc.)

I have been sitting here since 9 a.m.

It´s been raining all day.
He´s been running for half an hour.

2- Expressar um fato genérico que está em progresso em período de tempo não

específico. ( lately, recently etc.)

I have been thinking of looking for a different job.

All the students have been studying hard.
My back hurts, so I have been sleeping on the floor lately.
3- Com alguns verbos há pouca diferença de sentido entre o presente perfect e o
present perfect progressive quando since ou for são usados. ( verbos live and work,
principalmente)

I have lived here since 1995./ I have been living here since 1995.
They have worked here for 10 years. / They have been working here for 10 years.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

Usamos este tempo verbal para expressar um fato que aconteceu no passado antes de
outro que também aconteceu no passado ( passado anterior a outro passado). Usamos
sempre simple past com ele. Usamos os advérbios: already, when, never, ever, just,
before, after e a locução adverbial by the time.

The patient had already died when the doctor arrived at the hospital.
When I arrived at the bus station, the bus had already left.
I had already finished lunch when my friends arrived.
She didn’t go to the movies because she had seen the film before.
He asked me if I had ever seen a live crocodile.
By the time I called, he had already gone to work.