INFINITIVES: TO / ING FORMS 4º ESO

1. VERBS + TO INFINITIVE

AFFORD TO FAIL TO PLAN TO

AGREED TO HAVE TO PREPARE TO
BE ABLE TO HOPE TO PRETEND TO
CHOOSE TO I’D LIKE / LOVE TO REFUSE TO
CLAIM TO LEARN (how) TO SEEM TO
DARE TO MANAGE TO USED TO
DECIDE TO MEAN TO WANT TO
DESERVE TO OFFERED TO
EXPECT TO OUGHT TO

We all hope to get there in time.

I managed to find the way out in the dark.
The prices seemed to be very low for the Japanese tourists.
The doctor decided not to operate on the girl.
The man offered to show us the way to the hotel.

2. VERBS + SOMEBODY + TO INFINITIVE

ADVISE ME TO INVITE ME TO TELL ME TO

ASK ME TO PROMISE ME TO THREATEN ME TO
CAUSE ME TO RECOMMEND ME TO WANT ME TO
CONVINCE ME TO TAKE ME TO WARN ME TO
ENCOURAGE ME TO TEACH ME TO

I want you to behave in church, understood?

The elderly woman asked us to carry her bags.
Mr Brown told me not to use a calculator.
She promised him to call back.
The extreme hunger caused many children to die.

3. VERBS + ING

ADMIT MIND MISS

ADVISE ENJOY RECOMMEND
AVOID FANCY/FEEL LIKE SUGGEST
BE WORTH FINISH /END UP IT’S NO USE/
CAN’T HELP GIVE UP /QUIT THERE’S NO POINT
CAN’T STAND HATE HAVE TROUBLE/
CONSIDER IMAGINE HAVE A HARD TIME
DENY KEEP (ON)
DISCUSS LOVE

I recommend serving it cold.

Do you still miss living in the countryside?
Unemployment rates keep (on) increasing.
Customers hate not having Wi-Fi for free.
Have you considered calling the Police?
INFINITIVES: TO / ING FORMS 4º ESO

4. BOTH POSSIBLE (no change of verb meaning)

LIKE START / BEGIN PREFER

I don’t like wasting / to waste my time.

No sooner had I got off the plane than it started to snow / snowing.
We prefer living / to live in the city centre.

5. BOTH POSSIBLE (change of verb meaning)

STOP: 1. Stop picking your nose! (Stop doing it)

2. We stopped to have a rest. (We stopped action A -travelling- to start action B -rest-)

TRY: 1. I’ll try to convince him. (Make an effort/attempt to achieve something difficult or impossible)
2. Have you tried taking an aspirin? (Experiment, try doing it to see if it works)

REMEMBER: 1. Remember to bring your ID card. (Don’t forget)

2. I remember giving you the keys. (A memory in the past)

FORGET: 1. Don’t forget to lock the door before you go. (Remember to do it)
2. I’ll never forget seeing the Trevi Fountain for the first time. (A memory in the past)

REGRET: 1. We regret to announce that your flight has been cancelled. (We are sorry to do it)
2. I regretted speaking so rudely to my teacher. (A past event: speaking = having spoken)

NEED: 1. I need to talk to you. (I have the need, I wish)

2. The carpet needs cleaning. (Passive voice = the carpet needs to be cleaned)

6. VERBS + ZERO INFINITIVE (without TO)

MAKE LET HAD BETTER WOULD RATHER *MODAL VERBS

Can / Could
He couldn’t speak German, could he?
May / Might
He may have survived the accident.
Will / Would
There will be more environmental problems in the future.
Shall / Should
The nurse made me take off my clothes.
Must
Please, let me see the photos again.
You’d better go to the doctor’s.
I’d rather eat fish today.
*SEE: I saw them kiss / kissing.
*HEAR: We heard them cry / crying.
*HELP: Help me do it. / Help me to do it.

7. PREPOSITIONS + ING
Always look before crossing the road.
Thanks for giving me a ride.
How about going out for dinner?
I’m very interested in studying journalism at university.
She opened the door by using a key.

8. ING AS A SUBJECT
Speaking English is necessary nowadays.
INFINITIVES: TO / ING FORMS 4º ESO

The bulb seems (be) _______________ fused. It doesn’t light.

Do you enjoy (sunbathe) ____________________ on the beach?
You’d better (stay) __________________ quiet.
We mustn’t (exceed) __________________ the speed limit.
Zoe promised us (not cry) __________________ again.
I’d like (have) ____________________ some more wine, please.
I regret (not take) _____________________ some photos of my adolescence.
We regret (inform) __________________ you that surgery is the only solution.
She’s learning (play) ____________________ the guitar.
I’m scared of (swim) _________________________ in deep waters.
I hate (iron) _____________________, it’s so boring!
Murderers deserve (be) __________________ in prison for life.
Have you been able (contact) _____________________ Tom?
Why didn’t you ask me (fix) _________________ the TV?
My coach encouraged me (enter) _____________________ the competition.
I recommend you (study) ____________________ abroad.
Literature teachers recommend (read) _______________________ Shakespeare.
Medics advise (drink) ______________________ lots of water.
They prefer (sit) _____________________________ at the front.
I can’t help (laugh) _____________________ when you dance.
Sharon loves (talk) ____________________ on the phone for hours.
You didn’t expect (beat) ____________________ Jason at chess, did you?
He’s very good at (speak) ________________________ in public.
The waiter refused (accept) ______________________ a tip.
My mum is always telling me (turn) ____________________ down the volume of my music.
We hope (hear) _____________________ from you soon.
I can’t deny (feel) ___________________ a bit nervous.
You shouldn’t (drink) _______________ so much coffee.
We don’t let them (use) _________________ the computers without permission.
I want you (apologize) _________________________ immediately.
Do you dare (swim) ______________________ among sharks?
Bill suggested (visit) ______________________ the museum first.
He claimed (be) ____________________ innocent at the trial.
His injury caused the team (not win) ______________________ the final.
He admitted (cheat) ______________________ on the exam.
I don’t mind (sleep) ________________________ on the sofa.
Please, remember (lock) ___________________ the door.
I remember (lock) ________________________ the door this morning.
I always have a shower after (get) ____________________ up.
The stewardess made us (fasten) ____________________ our seat belts.
My parents didn’t allow me (go) ________________ to the concert.
We can’t afford (pay) _____________________ that much for a holiday.
I miss (have) _____________________ my mum’s meals.
It’s no use (argue)___________________, let’s just agree on something.
If you were me, would you choose (buy) ______________________ a second-hand flat?
What a great film! It was worth (watch) _______________________.
(Eat) ______________________ vegetables and fruit is very healthy.
Granddad, when will you teach me (sail) __________________?
Robert has decided (not sell) _______________________ his kayak this summer.
In New York, tourists should avoid (go) ________________ to the suburbs at night.
INFINITIVES: TO / ING FORMS 4º ESO

Mike can’t stand (eat) __________________ lentils.

Doctors have (sign) ____________________ all their medical prescriptions.
Universal Studios considered (delay) ___________________ the film’s premiere.
I’m sorry. I didn’t mean (hurt) _______________________ your feelings.
As a I child, I used (read) _____________________ Marvel comics.
I want (speak) _______________________ to the manager now.
Dad advised me (not take) ________________________ that job.
After the first thunder, it started (rain) __________________________.
I don’t think (shout) _______________________ for help is a good idea.
It might (be) ____________ hidden somewhere in this cave.
He keeps on (make) ______________________ the same mistakes.
The car stopped (run) ____________________ as soon as it ran out of gasoline.
The car stopped (pick) _________________ up the hitch-hiker.
We like (have) __________________________ a meal out on Sundays.
The castaway managed (survive) _______________________ in that small island.
I saw them (die) ______________________.
The mugger threatened the couple (stab) _____________________ them with his knife.
It only took us four hours (get) ____________________ to Madrid.
I don’t feel like (play) _____________________ videogames. I think I’ll watch a film.
I find you at last. Prepare (fight) ___________________!
My dad has given up (smoke) ________________________.
They invited us (stay) __________________________ the whole summer.
I’d rather (do) _____________ something different this weekend.
Can you imagine (live) ______________________ without internet?
Scandinavian people can (speak) ____________________ fluent English.
Please, try (open) ____________________________ the lid of this jar for me.
Why don’t you try (open) ___________________ it with a tin opener?
The tourists pretended (not understand) ___________________________ Spanish.
The helicopter failed (rescue) ______________________ the mountaineers in that snowstorm.
We’re planning (give) ______________________ mum a surprise party.
They convinced her (repeat) _______________________ her performance.
The officer warned us (not talk) _________________________ to strangers.
You ought (avoid) ________________ injuries by stretching before (do) ______________ sport.
No one helped me (find) __________________ my mobile phone.
The insurance company agreed (cover) ____________________ the repair expenses.
He offered to help us (do) ____________________ the washing up.
They discussed (open) ____________________ a new business together.
Many celebrities end up (live) ________________________ in Miami.
We had trouble (connect) ______________________ the computer cables.
You wouldn’t (last) ___________________ long in the desert.
I heard her (sing) __________________ in the shower.
I forgot (buy) ____________________ the milk. I’m sorry.
I can’t forget (walk) ____________________ to school with my cousin as a child.
(Ski) ____________________ requires practice.
You don’t need (wear) ____________________ a uniform in my school.
The house needs (paint) _____________________. It looks old.