Rational Functions

GENERAL MATHEMATICS INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Learning objectives

At the end of this lesson , you will be able to

Define and differentiate rational functions,
equation and inequality;
Investigate the behavior of the graph of
rational functions
GENERAL
RATIONALMATHEMATICS
FUNCTIONS INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Review
•

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 What is Rational Function ?
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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Here are some examples of Rational Functions
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GENERAL MATHEMATICS Author, Date

INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH| Page no.
SCHOOL
Identify the following if it is rational function or not.
NOT a
Not a Polynomial
Rational
Polynomial Function

Polynomial Rational
Polynomial Function

Not a Polynomial NOT a

Rational
Polynomial
Function

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
If

Evaluating Rational Function

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Rational Functions, Equations and
Inequalities
REVIEW • Definition 2.3 A rational expression
is an expression that can be written as
a ratio of two polynomials
EXAMPLES

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Rational Rational Rational
Function Equation Inequality

An equation
An inequality
involving
Definition involving rational
rational
expressions
expressions

Example

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Rational Rational Rational
Function Equation Inequality

An equation
An inequality
involving
Definition involving rational
rational
expressions
expressions

Example

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Rational Equation

Rational Function

Rational Inequality

Rational Equation

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Graphing Rational
Functions

GENERAL MATHEMATICS INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Procedure in constructing the rational graphs
are the following:
Step 1. Find the domain and range
Step 2. Solve the x and y-intercepts
Step 3 Find the asymptotes
Step 4 Construct the table of values and plot the points
Step 5 Sketch the graph using smooth curves to complete
the graph between and beyond the vertical asymptotes.

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Finding Domain and Range

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Example of finding the domain of the rational function

Steps

Step 1. create an equation

where the denominator is not
equal to zero
Step 2. Solve the equation

Step 3. write your answer of the

domain of the rational function

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Example of finding the range of the rational function

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 Hence, the x-intercept of
the rational function h is
(2,0) and the y-intercept is
(0,-1).

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Asymptote – an asymptote is the line that a graph
keeps approaching but never touches it. Asymptotes can
be vertical, horizontal or oblique.

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Vertical Asymptotes and horizontal asymptotes of
a rational function

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Example: Find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of the graph of this rational
function

Vertical Asymptote : Horizontal Asymptote :

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Example: Find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of the graph of this rational
function

Vertical Asymptote : Horizontal Asymptote :

n
m

Presentation
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Example: Find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of the graph of this rational
function

Vertical Asymptote : Horizontal Asymptote :

n
m

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Step 2. Solve the x and y-intercepts

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Step 5. Sketch the graph

Step 3. Asymptotes
Vertical Asymptote: x= - 3
Horizontal Asymptote: y= 1

Step 4. Construct table of values and

Plot the points
x -5 -4 0 1 2
y 7/2 6 -2/3 -1/4 0

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Step 2. Solve the x and y-intercepts
x-intercept, let y=0 y-intercept, let x=0

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Step 5. Sketch the graph

Step 4. Construct table of values and

Plot the points

x -5 -2 -1 0 1 3 4
y 0 0

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GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Thank you
and
God Bless!

GENERAL MATHEMATICS INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL