UJIAN PATOLOGI & Ref. Ranges

TEST AVAILABLE AT PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT
(ACCORDING TO ALPHABETICAL ORDER)
SPECIMEN
TEST UNIT CONTAINER VOLUME
TYPE
Plain tube
1 Acetaminophen Core lab (Red cap) Blood 3 ml
Core Lab 1.8 ml (Paeds)

Activated Partial Thrombin Time
2 Paediatric Lab Sodium Citrate Blood 2.7ml
(APTT)
SCACC (Adults)
Adenocorticotrophic Hormone EDTA tube in

3 Chemical Pathology Blood 3 ml
(ACTH) ice
Respiratory
Adenovirus - Antigen Plain sterile aspirate, skin
4 Virology NA
Detection (IFAT) container swab,smear on
slide
5 Air sampling Microbiology Not Applicable Not applicable Not applicable
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
6 Alanine transaminase Heparinised Tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
7 Albumin Heparinised Tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
8 Alkaline phosphatase Heparinised Tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
9 Allergy Testing (Screening) Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
10 Allergy Testing (Specific) Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
Clinical Toxicology
11 Alpha Feto-Protein (AFP) Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
12 Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

13 Amikacin Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
Core Lab 4 ml
14 Ammonia EDTA tube Blood
Paediatric Lab 500µL (Paed)
SPECIMEN
TYPE
15 Amylase Core Lab Heparinised Tube Blood 4 ml
16 Amylase, urine Core Lab Urine Container Random Urine 5 ml
17 Anti HBs EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
Anti Mycoplasma pneumonia

18 Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
IgM
Not
19 Antibiotic sensitivity testing Microbiology Not Applicable -
Applicable
Antifungal Susceptibility Test

Blood/CSF/Steril Not
20 (yeast and yeast-like organism Microbiology Not Applicable
e body fluid Applicable
only)
Antigen test for cerebrospinal

21 Microbiology Sterile tube CSF 2 ml
fluid
22 Anti-HBc IgM EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
23 Anti-HBc Total EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
24 Anti-HBe EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
Anti-neutrophil Cytologyplasmic
antigen (ANCA)-c-ANCA
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Anti-neutrophil Cytologyplasmic
antigen (ANCA)-p-ANCA
27 Anti double-stranded DNA Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
Antinuclear antibodies -
28 Extractable Nuclear Antigen Microbiology Plain Tube Blood 5 ml
(ENA)
Antinuclear antibodies
(screening)
30 Anti-streptolysin 'O' Titre (ASOT) Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
31 Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
Anti-Thyroid Microsomal
32 antibody (anti-thyroid peroxidase Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
antibody)
33 Anti-Thyroid receptor antibody Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
4 ml
Core Lab
34 Aspartate Transaminase Heparinised Tube Blood
Paediatric Lab
500ul (Peads)
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Aspirate culture & Not

35 Microbiology Plain tube Blood
sensitivity Applicable

36 Benzodiazepine Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
Beta Human Chorionic

Gonadotrophin Clinical Toxicology
37 Plain tube Blood 3 ml
(ß-hCG) Lab
(Quantitative)
4 ml
Core Lab
38 Bilirubin - Direct Heparinised tube Blood
Paediatric Lab
500ul (Peads)
Paediatric Lab
4 ml
39 Bilirubin - Total OPD Lab Heparinised Tube Blood
500µL (Paed)
SCACC
40 BK virus (BKV) DNA Quantitation Virology Plain tube Blood,serum 4 ml
Blood culture & sensitivity Aerobic Blood

41 Microbiology Blood 5 -10 ml
(aerobic) Culture Bottle
Blood culture & sensitivity Anaerobic Blood

42 Microbiology Blood 5 -10 ml
(anaerobic) Culture Bottle
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Blood Film for Malarial parasites

43 Microbiology Thick/Thin film Blood Smear
(BFMP)
Blood Fungal culture & Blood Fungal

44 Microbiology Blood 5 ml
sensitivity Culture Bottle
Blood Gases (ABG / VBG) Core Lab

Heparinised
45 Paediatric Lab Blood 2 ml
Syringe
SCACC
46 BM Aspirate Haematology Smear Bone marrow Not applicable
Universal
47 BM Trephine Biopsy Haematology container (with Trephine biopsy Not applicable
10% formalin)
Body Fluids Biochemistry

i) Glucose
48 Core Lab Plain container Body Fluids 2 ml
ii) Total Protein
iii) Lactate Dehydrogenase
Bronchial aspirate culture & Broncheal

49 Microbiology Sterile container Not applicable
sensitivity alveolar lavage
50 Caeruloplasmin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
Core Lab 4 ml
51 Calcium Paediatric Lab Heparinised tube Blood
SCACC 500ul (Peads)
Urine Container / 5 ml /
Core Lab Random Urine/
52 Calcium, urine 24 hr urine 24 hrs Urine
Paediatric Lab 24 hrs urine
container Collection
Clinical Toxicology
53 Cancer Antigen 125 Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
Clinical Toxicology
54 Cancer Antigen 15-3 Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
Cancer Antigen 19.9 tmour Clinical Toxicology

55 Plain tube Blood 3 ml
marker Lab

56 Carbamazepine Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
Clinical Toxicology
57 Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Catecholamines 24 hrs urine

- Epinephrine - container with 24 hrs urine
58 Chemical Pathology Urine
Norepinephrine 10mL of 25% collection
- Dopamine HCL
59 CD4/CD8 Enumeration Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
Cerebrospinal fluid culture &

60 Microbiology Sterile container CSF 3 ml
sensitivity
61 Chlamydia pneumoniae antibody Microbiology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Genital
Chlamydia trachomatis
62 Microbiology Smear (on slide) discharge/ Not applicable
Immunofluorescence
Eye discharge
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
63 Chloride HeparinisedTube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Core Lab
64 Chloride CSF Plain container CSF 1 ml
Paediatric Lab
65 Chloride, Urine 24 hr urine 24 hrs Urine
Core Lab
66 Cholesterol OPD Heparinised tube Blood 4 ml
Lab SCACC
67 Cholinesterase Chemical Pathology Plain Tube Blood 3 ml
CMV - DNA PCR Viral Load Blood (EDTA)/

68 Virology EDTA 3 ml
(Quantitative) Plasma (EDTA)
69 CMV - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
70 CMV - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
Clinical Toxicology
71 Complement C3 Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
Clinical Toxicology
72 Complement C4 Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Congenital Infection
73 Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
TORCHES-IgG
Congenital Infection
74 Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
TORCHES-IgM
Clinical Toxicology Plain tube Blood 3.5 ml

75 Copper (Cu), Serum
Lab
24 hrs urine
Clinical Toxicology 24 hrs urine
76 Copper (Cu), Urine container without Urine
Lab collection
preservative
77 Cortisol, serum Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
24 hrs Urine 24 hrs urine

78 Cortisol, Urine Chemical Pathology Container without 24 hrs Urine collection (>
preservative 500ml)
79 C-Peptide Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Clinical Toxicology
80 C-Reactive protein Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
4 ml
Core Lab
81 Creatine kinase Heparinised Tube Blood
Paediatric Lab
500ul (Peads)
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-

82 Core Lab Plain gel tube Blood 3.5 ml
MB)
Core Lab
Heparinised Tube
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
(Blood) Blood &
83 Creatinine
Plain tube Dialysate
OPD 500ul (Peads)
(Dialysate)
Lab SCACC
Creatinine 24hr Peritoneal

84 Core Lab Plain tube Fluid 2 ml
Dialysate
24 hrs urine 24 hrs

24 hrs/ Random
85 Creatinine clearance Core Lab container & collection/
Urine
Heparinised tube 4 ml Random
86 Creatinine Peritoneal Dialysate Core Lab Plain tube Fluid 2 ml
87 Creatinine, Urine 24 hr urine 24 hrs Urine
2 EDTA tubes
88 Cryoglobulin Haematology and 2 Blood 2.0 ml
plain tubes
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Cryopreservation procedure for Bone marrow or Depends on the

Blood bag with
89 bone marrow,peripheral Blood Haematology PBSC volume of the
ACD
Stem Cell (PBSC), cord blood Cord blood harvest.
Clinical Toxicology
90 Cyclosporine EDTA tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
Universal
Body Fluid, As collected.
91 Cytology : Non-gynaecology Cytology container / sterile
Washing,Urine Minimum 20 ml.
container
Universal
92 Cytology : Non-gynaecology Cytology container / sterile Sputum Not applicable
container
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Alcohol fixed and Fine Needle

93 Cytology: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Not applicable
air-dried slides Aspiration
94 Cytology: Non-gynaecology Cytology Sterile bijou bottle CSF As collected.
Alcohol fixed
95 Cytology: Non-gynaecology Cytology Brushing Not applicable
Slide
Cytology: Pap smear Alcohol fixed

96 Cytology Smear (on slide) Not applicable
conventional Slide
Cervical
broomrinsed in
97 Cytology: Pap smear fluid based Cytology Thin prep kit Not applicable
thin prep kit
fixative
SPECIMEN
TYPE
i) Sterile container
ii) EDTA tube if
CSF for
98 Haematology RBC CSF 1 - 2 ml
Blast contamination
present
1.8 ml (Paeds)
Core Lab
99 D-Dimer Sodium Citrate Blood
Paediatric Lab
2.7ml (Adults)
100 Dehydroxyepiendrosteron Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

Sulphate (DHEA-S)
101 Dengue Antibody- IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
102 Dengue - Antigen NS1- ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
103 Dengue - Rapid Test Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
104 Dengue - RNA PCR (Qualitative) 0.5ml /

Virology Plain tube Blood
0.2ml minimum
105 Dengue Antibody - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
SPECIMEN
TYPE
106 Digoxin Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
DIVC:
i)Prothrombin Time (PT)
ii)INR
iii)Activated Partial Thrombin
107 Time (APTT) Core Lab Sodium Citrate Blood 2.7 ml
iv)APTT Ratio
v)Fibrinogen
vi)D-Dimer
viii) Haemoglobin
vii) Platelet Count
108 Ear swab culture & sensitivity Microbiology Amies TM Pus Not applicable
109 EBV - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
110 EBV - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
111 Efficiency testing on autoclaves Microbiology Attest Attest strip Not applicable
(Attest)
112 Enterovirus - Antigen Virology Plain tube Blood

Detection (IFAT)
SPECIMEN
TYPE
113 Enterovirus PCR (Qualitative) Virology Plain tube Blood Not applicable
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab ESR vaccum tube
114 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate 3.2% Sodium Blood 1.2ml
(ESR)
OPD Citrate
Lab SCACC
115 Estradiol (Oestradiol/E2) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
116 Ethanol Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
117 Everolimus Clinical Toxicology

EDTA tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
1.8ml x2
118 Factor IX Paediatric Lab Sodium Citrate Blood (Paed)
2.7ml (Adult)
1.8ml x2
119 Factor VIII Assay Paediatric Lab Sodium Citrate Blood (Paed)
2.7ml (Adult)
SPECIMEN
TYPE
1.8ml x2
120 Factor VIII Inhibitor Study Sodium Citrate
Paediatric Lab Blood (Paed)
(2 tubes)
2.7ml x2 (Adult)
121 Ferritin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
1.8 ml (Paeds)
122 Fibrinogen Core Lab
Sodium Citrate Blood
Paediatric Lab
2.7ml (Adults)
123 Folate Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
124 Follicle Stimulating Hormone Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

(FSH)
125 Free Thyroxine (FT4) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
126 Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab Paed: 500uL
127 Full Blood Count (FBC) OPD Lab EDTA Tube Whole Blood
SCACC Adult : 2.5 ml
Maternity Lab
SPECIMEN
TYPE
128 Full Blood Picture (routine) Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
129 Full Blood Picture (urgent) Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
130 Fungal culture Tissue / Hair / Not

Microbiology Sterile container
Nail / Skin Applicable
131 G6PD Assay Paed: 500uL

Paediatric Lab EDTA tube Blood
Adult : 3 ml
132 G6PD Screening Test Filter paper with

Paediatric Lab Blood Not applicable
blood spot
133 Gamma-glutamyl transaminase Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

(GGT)
134 Genital culture & sensitivity Microbiology Amies TM Swab Not applicable
SPECIMEN
TYPE
135 Gentamicin Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
136 Globulin, CSF (Qualitative) Core Lab

Plain tube CSF 1 ml
Paediatric Lab
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
137 Glucose Fluoride Oxalate Blood &
(FBS, 2HPP, RBS) tube Dialysate
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
138 Glucose Peritoneal Dialysate Core Lab Fluoride Oxalate

Fluid 2 ml
SCACC tube
139 Glucose, CSF Core Lab Fluoride Oxalate

CSF 1 ml
Paediatric Lab tube
140 Growth Hormone Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
141 H Inclusion Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
142 Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Chemical Pathology EDTA tube Blood 3 ml
143 Haemoglobin Analysis Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
144 Haptoglobin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
145 Hb F quantitation Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
146 HBe Ag EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
147 HBsAg - (Screening by EIA) Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
148 HBsAg - (Confirmatory by CMIA) Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
149 HBV - DNA PCR Viral Load Virology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
(Quantitative)
150 HCV - Antigen EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
151 HCV - RNA Genotyping Blood

Virology Plain tube 4 ml
Serum
152 HCV - RNA PCR Viral Load Virology Plain tube Blood,serum 4 ml
(Quantitative)
Core Lab
153 HDL Cholesterol OPD Heparinised tube Blood 4 ml
Lab SCACC
154 Heinz bodies Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
155 Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) - IgG Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
EIA
156 Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) - IgM Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
EIA
157 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) - Ab Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

(Immunoblot)

(Particle Agglutination)

(Screening by EIA)
SPECIMEN
TYPE
160 Her-2 In-Situ Hybridization Histopathology Not applicable

Unstained slides
Not applicable
(ISH) : Molecular histopathology / paraffin block
161 Histopathology : Enzyme Histopathology

Universal
Fresh tissue 10mm
Histochemistry (muscle) container
Histopathology : enzyme
162 histochemistry for Universal
Histopathology Fresh tissue Not applicable
container
acetylcholinesterase (rectal)
163 Histopathology : Frozen section Universal

Histopathology Fresh tissue Not applicable
container
SPECIMEN
TYPE
164 Histopathology: Histochemistry Histopathology Not applicable

Unstained slides
Not applicable
stain / paraffin block
165 Histopathology: Histopathology

Universal
Fresh tissue ≥ 3mm
Immunofluorescence (IF) stain container
166 Histopathology: Histopathology Not applicable

Unstained slides
Not applicable
Immunohistochemistry stain / paraffin block
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Plain container
Histopathology: Routine
167 histopathology examination with 10% neutral
Histopathology Tissue Not applicable
buffered formalin
(HPE)
(NBF)
168 HIV - Ab (Immunoblot) Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
169 HIV - Ab (Particle Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

Agglutination)
170 HIV - Ag/Ab (Screening by Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

EIA)
171 HIV - p24 Antigen Conformation Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
EIA
172 HIV-1 RNA PCR Viral Load Virology EDTA

Blood (EDTA)/
3 ml
(Quantitative) Plasma (EDTA)
173 HSV I & II - Antigen Detection Virology

Plain Sterile
smears on slide -
(IFAT) - (differentiation) container
SPECIMEN
TYPE
CSF, skin lesion

174 HSV I & II - DNA PCR Virology
Plain Sterile
swab,vesicle
0.5ml / 0.2ml
(Qualitative) container minimum
fluid
175 HSV I & II - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
176 HSV I & II - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
177 HTLV I & II - Ab (Screening by Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

ELISA)
178 Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
179 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
180 Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
181 Indirect Immunoperoxidase for Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

Rickettsial (IIP)
182 Influenza A/B Virology

Viral Transport Throat swab,
2 ml
RT-PCR (Qualitative) Media (VTM) NP swab
SPECIMEN
TYPE
183 INR Core Lab Sodium Citrate Blood 2.7 ml
184 Insulin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
185 Intact Parathyroid Hormone Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

(iPTH)
186 Iron (Fe) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
187 Kleihaeur Test Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
4 ml
188 Lactate Core Lab Fluoride Oxalate
Blood
Paediatric Lab tube
500ul (Peads)
4 ml
189 Lactate Dehydrogenase Core Lab
Heparinised tube Blood
Paediatric Lab
500ul (Peads)
190 Lactate, CSF Fluoride Oxalate

Paediatric Lab CSF 1 ml
tube
SPECIMEN
TYPE
191 LAP/NAP Score Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
192 Legionella pneumophilia Antigen Microbiology Sterile container Urine 5 ml
193 Leptospira Antibody IgM Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
BloodBone
194 Leukaemia/Lymphoma Haematology EDTA Marrow/Body 2.0 ml x 2 tubes
Immunophenotyping
Fluid
195 Lithium Core Lab Plain tube with gel Blood 3.5 ml
196 Luteinising Hormone (LH) Chemical Pathology Plain Tube Blood 3 ml
Core Lab 4 ml
197 Magnesium Paediatric Lab Heparinised tube Blood
SCACC 500ul (Peads)
SPECIMEN
TYPE
198 Magnesium, Urine Core Lab Random Urine/
24 hr urine 24 hrs Urine
199 Measles - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
200 Measles - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
201 MERS-CoV RT-PCR Virology

Plain Sterile Throat swab,
2 ml
(Qualitative) container sputum
202 Methotrexate Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
First morning
urine
(preferred).
203 Microalbumin, urine Random urine is
Core Lab Urine Container 5 ml
acceptable if a
first-morning
urine is not
available
SPECIMEN
TYPE
204 Microfilaria (Blood film) Not

Microbiology thin film Blood
Applicable
205 Mixing Test 1.8ml (Paed)

Paediatric Lab
Blood 2.7 ml (Adult)
Sodium Citrate
206 Modified Ziehl-Neelsen for Microbiology Sterile container Stool 5 ml

Cryptosporidium
207 Molecular Alpha Thalassaemia Haematology EDTA Blood 2.0 ml
PBSC/Bone
208 Molecular Chimerism Assay Haematology EDTA tube Marrow/Cord 2.0 ml
Blood
SPECIMEN
TYPE
209 Molecular Detection of Mutations Haematology EDTA tube

Blood/Bone
2.0 ml X 2 tube
in BCR-ABL for CML cases Marrow
210 Molecular Detection of Mutations Haematology EDTA tube

Blood/Bone
2.0 ml X 2 tube
in Acute Leukaemia Marrow
211 Mumps - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
212 Mumps - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
Mycobacterium culture &

213 sensitivity (Blood & Sterile body M-F Lytic Blood
Microbiology Blood 5-10 ml
Culture Bottle
fluid)
214 Mycophenolic Acid Clinical Toxicology

Lab
215 Mycoplasma serology Microbiology Plain Tube Blood 5 ml
216 Nasal swabs culture for MRSA Microbiology Amies TM Swab Not applicable
Screening
217 Occult Blood Core Lab

Stool container Random Faeces 1 gram
Paediatric Lab
SPECIMEN
TYPE
218 Osmolality, serum Core Lab Plain tube with gel Blood 4 ml
219 Osmolality, Urine Core Lab Urine Container Random Urine 2 ml
220 Osmotic Fragility Test (OFT) Haematology Heparinised tube Blood 2 ml x 2 tubes
221 Paraquat Core lab Urine Container Urine 10 ml
222 Parvovirus B19 - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
223 Parvovirus B19 - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
224 Peritoneal Fluid culture & Microbiology Sterile container Peritoneal fluid 1- 2 ml
sensitivity
SPECIMEN
TYPE
225 Pernasal swab for Bordetella Microbiology

Bordet-Gengou
Swab Not applicable
pertussis cultute and sensitivity Agar
226 pH, Urine Core Lab Urine Container Random Urine 2 ml
227 Phenobarbital Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
228 Phenytoin Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab
Core Lab 4 ml
229 Phosphate Paediatric Lab Heparinised tube Blood
SCACC 500ul (Peads)
24 hrs
230 Phosphate , urine Core Lab 24 hrs/ Random
Urine Container collection/ 2 ml
Paediatric Lab Urine
Random
SPECIMEN
TYPE
231 Pneumocystis carinii Microbiology Sterile container Induced sputum 2 mls

Immunofluorescence
Paroxysmal Noctural
232 Haemoglobinuria (PNH) Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
Immunophenotyping
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
233 Potassium Heparinised tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
234 Potassium, urine Core Lab Random Urine/
235 Progesterone Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
236 Prolactin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
237 Prostate Specific Antigen (free) Clinical Toxicology

Plain tube Blood 3 ml
Lab
238 Prostate Specific Antigen (total) Clinical Toxicology

Lab
239 Protein Electrophoresis, Serum Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
240 Protein Electrophoresis, Urine Random Urine/ 5 ml/ 24 hrs

Chemical Pathology Urine Container
24 hrs urine urine collection
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
241 Protein, Total Heparinised tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
242 Protein, Urine Core Lab Random Urine/
container Collectio
Core Lab 1.8 ml (Paeds)

243 Prothrombin Time (PT) Paediatric Lab Sodium Citrate Blood 2.7ml
SCACC (Adults)
244 Pus/swab culture & sensitivity Amies TM / sterile

Microbiology Pus / Swab 3 ml
container
Conical tube
245 Pyruvate added with 4ml
Paediatric Lab Blood & CSF 2 ml
8% of perchloric
Acid Solution
246 Rapid Plasma Reagin (Syphilis) Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
247 Rectal Swab for MRO Not

Microbiology Sterile Container swab
Applicable
248 Reducing Sugar Paediatric Lab Urine Container Random Urine 5 ml
Upper and
249 Respiratory culture & sensitivity Lower
Microbiology Sterile container Not applicable
Respiratory tract
specimen
Respiratory Virus Antigen Nasopharyngeal

250 Detection (IF) Virology
Plain Sterile Aspirate,
1-2ml
i.e. RSV, Influenza A& B, container BAL,Tracheal
Parainfluenza,Adenovirus Aspirate
251 Reticulocyte count Core Lab EDTA tube Blood 2.5 ml
252 Rheumatoid Factor Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml
253 Rubella - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
254 Rubella - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
255 Salicylate Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Core lab (Red cap)
256 Salmonella Serology Microbiology Plain Tube Blood 5 ml
257 Serum-Ascitic Albumin Plain tube / 4 ml Blood & 2

Core Lab Serum & Fluid
Heparinised tube ml fluid
258 Sickling test Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml
259 Sirolimus Clinical Toxicology

Lab
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
260 Sodium Heparinised tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
261 Sodium, Urine Core Lab Random Urine/
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Bone marrow,
Peripheral Blood
262 Stem Cell CD34 Enumeration Haematology EDTA tube Stem Cell 2.0 ml
(PBSC), Cord
Blood
Bone marrow,
Peripheral Blood Depends on the
263 Stem Cell Cryopreservation Blood bag with
Haematology Stem Cell volume of the
ACD
(PBSC), Cord harvest.
Blood
Depend on the
264 Stem Cell Donor Lymphocyte Haematology
Blood bag with Donor
volume of the
Cryopreservation ACD Lymphocyte
harvest
Depend on the
265 Stem Cell Donor Lymphocyte Haematology Freezing bag
Donor
volume
Infusion (DLI) Lymphocyte
cryopreserved
Depend on the
266 Stem Cell Plasma Depletion Blood bag with PBSC, Bone
Haematology volume of the
ACD Marrow
harvest
SPECIMEN
TYPE
Depend on the
267 Stem Cell Red Cell Depletion Blood bag with
Haematology Bone Marrow volume of the
ACD
harvest
268 Sterile body fluid C&S (excluding Microbiology Sterile container Aspirated fluid 5ml
CSF, urine and blood)
269 Sterility testing Milk, TPN fluid,

Microbiology Sterile container 5 ml
Disinfectant
270 Stool culture & sensitivity Microbiology Sterile container Stool 3 ml
271 Stool for Clostridium difficile Microbiology Sterile container Stool 3 ml

culture
272 Stool for Clostridium difficile toxin Microbiology Sterile container Stool 3 ml
273 Stool for Isospora Microbiology Sterile container stool Not applicable
274 Stool for Rotavirus Microbiology Sterile Container Blood Not applicable
275 Stool ova and cyst Microbiology Sterile container Stool 3 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
276 Stool Vibrio cholera Alkaline Peptone

Microbiology Stool Not applicable
Water
277 Streptococcal Pneumoniae Microbiology Sterile Container Blood 5 ml

Antigen detection (SPA)
278 Sweat Test Paediatric Lab Not applicable sweat Not applicable
279 Syphilis - Rapid Plasma Reagin Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
Test (RPR)
280 Syphilis TP Ab EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

(TORCHES/transplant panel)
281 Tacrolimus Clinical Toxicology

Lab
282 Testosterone Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
283 Theophylline Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
284 Throat swab culture & Microbiology

Amies Transport
Swab Not applicable
sensitivity media
285 Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Chemical Pathology

Plain tube
Blood
3 ml
(TSH)
286 Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Paediatric Lab Plain tube 3 ml

(TSH)- Cord Blood Cord Blood
287 Thyroxine , Free (FT4) Paediatric Lab Plain tube Blood 3.5 ml
288 Thyroxine , Free (FT4) Chemical Pathology

289 Tissue culture & sensitivity Microbiology Sterile container Blood Not applicable
290 Tissue for Helicobacter pylori Microbiology Sterile container Tissue Not applicable
culture & sensitivity
291 Toxoplasma - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
292 Toxoplasma - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
293 Transferrin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml
294 Treponema Pallidum Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

Haemagglutination (TPHA)
Core Lab
295 Triglycerides OPD Heparinised tube Blood 4 ml
Lab SCACC
Heparinised tube/
296 Tropnonin T Core Lab Plain tube (either Blood 2 ml
one only)
297 Unsaturated Iron Binding Chemical Pathology

Plain tube /
Blood 3 ml
Capacity (UIBC) Heparinised tube
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
298 Urea Heparinised tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
299 Urea Peritoneal Dialysate Core Lab Urine Container Fluid 2 ml
300 Urea 24hr Peritoneal Dialysate 24 hr urine

Core Lab Fluid 2 ml
container
SPECIMEN
TYPE
i) Urine Container i) 5 ml
301 Urea, urine Core Lab i) Random Urine
ii) 24 hr urine ii) 24 hrs urine
Paediatric Lab ii) 24 hrs Urine
container collection
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab 4 ml
302 Uric Acid Heparinised tube Blood
OPD 500ul (Peads)
Lab SCACC
303 Uric Acid, urine Core Lab Random Urine/
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab
304 Urine Biochemistry & OPD Lab Urine Container Urine 4ml
Microscopic examination
SCACC
Maternity Lab
305 Urine Culture and Sensitivity Microbiology Sterile container Urine 5 ml

(C&S)
306 Urine Hemosiderin Universal

Haematology Urine 5 ml
container
Core Lab
307 Urine Pregnancy Test OPD Lab Fresh morning
Urine Container 2 ml
Maternity Lab urine (preferred)
SCACC
SPECIMEN
TYPE
308 Valproic acid Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
309 Vancomycin Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Blood 3 ml
Lab (Red cap)
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) -

310 Antigen Detection Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
(IFAT)
311 Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) - Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
IgG ELISA
312 Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) - Virology

Plain Sterile
smears on slide -
IgM ELISA container
313 Veneral Disease Research Lab Microbiology Sterile container CSF 3 ml

cerebrospinal fluid (VDRL)
314 Vitamin B12 Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
Amphetamine Type Stimulants
315 Amphetamine
316 Methamphetamine
317 Methylenedioxyamphetamine
(MDA)
318 3,4 Methylenedioxy

methamphetamine (MDMA)
319 d-Amphetamine Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 31 ml
320 Ephedrine
321 Phentermine
322 3,4 Methylenedioxyethyl

amphetamine (MDEA)**
323 1,3 Benzodioxolyl- N-

methylbutanamine (MBDB)**
Benzodiazepines
324 Alprazolam*
325 Diazepam* Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 30ml

SPECIMEN
TEST UNIT
Drug Lab CONTAINER
Urine Container Urine VOLUME
30ml
TYPE
326 Midazolam*
327 Lorazepam*
328 Nitrazepam*
329 Nimetazepam*
Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 30ml
330 Nordiazepam*
331 Oxazepam*
332 Temazepam*
Cannabinoids (THC)
333 Delta-9-THC-COOH Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml
334 Cocaine*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml
Babiturates
335 Phenobarbital***
336 Secobarbital***
Ketamine
SPECIMEN
TYPE
337 Ketamine
338 Norketamine
Cathinones (Khat)
339 Cathinones (Khat)*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml
Opiods
340 Morphine
341 Codiene
342 Methadone
343 6-Acetylmorphine (6-AM)* Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml
344 Buprenorphine***
345 Dextromethorphan*
346 Fentanyl*
347 Hydrocodone**
348 Hydromorphone**

SPECIMEN
TYPE
349 Meperidine* (Pethidine)

350 Oxycodone*
351 Oxymorphone**
352 Tramadol*
Synthetic Cannabinoids
353 HU-210***
354 JWH-018*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 30ml
355 JWH-073***
Synthetic Cathinones
356 Mephedrone***
357 4-Methyloephedrine HCl*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 30ml
358 3,4- Methylene

dioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) ***
Methaqualone
359 Methaqualone*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml

SPECIMEN
TYPE
Mitragynine (Ketom)
360 Mitragynine*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml
361 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml
Phencyclidine
362 Phencyclidine*** Drug Lab Urine Container Urine 20ml
Test Panels with asterisk mark as below:
(*) will be offered starting April 2016
(**) will be offered starting September 2016
(***) will be offered starting February 2017

PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT
ALPHABETICAL ORDER)
SCHEDULE TAT (Min/Hr/Day) LOCATION REMARK
1 hr(routine)
Daily 45 mins Pre-analytical Available 24 hrs, TDM form
(STAT)
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
Daily Paediatric Lab
45 min (STAT)
SCACC
Once a week 5 working days Pre-analytical
Once a week 7 working days Pre-analytical Packed with ice
By appointment 3 days Microbiology lab Done by lab staff
4 hours(Routine) 45 Pre-analytical
mins (STAT), Paediatric Lab
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Daily 7 days Pre-analytical
Mon-Fri 2 working days Pre-analytical PER-PAT 301 form
Weekdays Office
hours
Saturday: 8:30 am - 18 hrs (working
Pre-analytical TDM form
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Pre-analytical
1 day (Routine) sample should be sent
45 mins (STAT) immediately in ice packed
4 hours (Routine)
Daily Pre-analytical
45 mins (STAT)
4 hours (Routine)
45 mins (STAT)
Daily 1-2 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice
Daily 5-14 days Pre-analytical
Daily 1 day Microbiology lab
Once a week 1-2 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice

Initial screening with ANCA IF
test followed by specific
ELISA if positive
Initial screening with ANCA IF
test followed by specific
ELISA if positive
Indicated if SLE clincally

suspected. A reflex test for
Thursday 14 days Pre-analytical
pos ANA with homogenous
pattern.
Wed/Thu 14 day Pre-analytical to consult Microbiology Lab
Mon, Wed, Fri 3 days Pre-analytical
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 mins (STAT)
Daily 3 - 5 days Pre-analytical
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine) Avoid from light source
45 mins (STAT)
4 hours(Routine) 45
Paediatric Lab Avoid from light source /
mins (STAT),
Daily OPD Lab SCACC for routine test only
2 Hours (OPD
SCACC
-STAT)
Request blood culture bottle

from Micro Lab
Request blood culture bottle

from Micro Lab
Daily 1 day Pre-analytical
Request blood fungal culture

bottle from Micro Lab
Pre-analytical
Sample should be sent
Daily 45 mins (STAT) Paediatric Lab
immediately in ice bath
SCACC
Haematology Lab Call ext. 6549 to set

Daily by apptm 7 working days
Counter appoinment
Haematology Lab Call ext. 6549 to set

Daily by apptm 20 working days
Counter appooinment
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
Daily Paediatric Lab Send immediately
45 mins (STAT)

Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
Daily Paediatric Lab SCACC for routine test only
45 min (STAT)
SCACC
Pre-analytical
Daily 4 hours (Routine)
Paediatric Lab
(Office hour) 45 mins (STAT)
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment

Rejection criteria :
i) Inadequate urine collection
(Adult >500 ml; children
samples < 750 ml will be
3 times/ week 20 working days pre-analytical treated as random urine
samples)
ii) Urine pH > 5
iii)can only be requested by
specialist
Send immediately in room

temperature (20-24 oC). Avoid
Haematology Lab direct contact with ice.
Office hour 7 working days
Counter Specimens kept more than 48
hours are not suitable for
analysis.
Daily 3 - 5 days Microbiology lab
- 3 days Pre-analytical
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 mins (STAT)
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
4 hours(Routine) 45
Pre-analytical
mins (STAT),
Daily OPD SCACC for routine test only
2 Hours (OPD
SCACC
-STAT)
Daily 1 working day Pre-analytical
once a week 7 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice

Monday
10 working days Pre-analytical PER-PAT 301 form
Wednesday 10 working days Pre-analytical PER-PAT 301 form
Daily 3 working days Pre-analytical
Rejection Criteria :24 hours

Once a week 5 working days Pre-analytical urine collection with volume <
500 ml
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 mins (STAT)
Daily 45 mins (STAT) Pre-analytical Send immediately
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
1 day (Routine)
4 hours (STAT)
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
Call ext 6697 to set

appointment. Avoid meal 4
Haematology Lab
By appointment 5 working days hours before blood taking.
Counter
Sample collection in
Haematology Lab.
Haematology Lab
Daily by appointment 24 hours Send immediately
Counter
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Urgent: 5 working
Daily Cytology
days
Urgent: 5 working
Daily Cytology
days
By appointment:
1. Tuesday (Breast
cases) - Appointment
given by SOPD Clinic Urgent: 5 working
Cytology
days
2. Thursday (non-
breast cases)-
Appointment given by
Cytology Lab
Urgent: 5 working
Daily Cytology
days
Urgent: 5 working
Daily Cytology Slide mailer
days
Daily 30 working days Cytology Slide mailer
Daily 30 working days Cytology

Send immediately. Please

state time of collection.
Haematology Lab
Office hour 3 working days Sample need to be processed
Counter
within 2-4 hours of sample
collection.
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 min (STAT)
SCACC
By appointment 1 hour Virology lab Room temp. or in ice
By appointment 7 working days Pre-analytical Packed with ice

Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Daily 4 hours Pre-analytical Send immediately
Thursday 14 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice

Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine) Paediatric Lab
Daily
45 mins (STAT) OPD
SCACC
Blood taking at Day 2 to Day 5

menses
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
18 hrs (working
Tuesday & Friday Pre-analytical TDM form
days)
Require discussion with

Paediatric Lab
Within Office Hour 3 days Pathologist prior to sending
(Ext:5598)

Paediatric Lab
(Ext:5598)

Paediatric Lab
(Ext:5598)
Twice a week 10 working days Pre-analytical
Pre-analytical
6 hours (Routine)
45 min (STAT)
SCACC
Pre-analytical
Peadiatric
4 hours (Routine)
Daily Lab Maternity
45 min (STAT)
Lab OPD
SCACC
Send to the laboratory as

Haematology Lab
Office hour 10 working days soon as possible (within 4
Counter
hours of sample collection).
Please refer Guidelines for

Urgent FBP (Appendix 1). Call
Haematology Lab
Office hour 3 working days M.O. in charge at ext. 6374 or
Counter
M.O on call (after office hour)
to request.
Sample should be send

Paediatric Lab
By Batch 7 working days immediately from Monday -
Wednesday
Paediatric Lab
Daily 24 hours

Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
4 hours (Routine) Core Lab

Daily
45 mins (STAT) Paediatric Lab
Daily SCACC for routine test only
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Pre-analytical
Daily 1 day
SCACC
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 mins (STAT)
Send to the laboratory as

Haematology Lab
Office hour 10 working days soon as possible (within 4
Counter
hours of sample collection).
Rejection criteria : Request

Daily 3 working days Pre-analytical less than 2 months from
previous result.
Detail history on Index Case

Haematology Lab
Office hour 20 working days must be provided for family
Counter
screening.
Haematology Lab Please write appropriate

By appointment 5 working days
Counter indication on request form.
Daily 7 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice
Twice a week 7 working days Pre-analytical Packed with ice
3 times/week 7 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice

Packed with ice. Only offered

By appointment 14 working days Pre-analytical to gasteroenterologist and
hepatologist
Twice a week 7 working days Pre-analytical Packed with ice
4 hours(Routine) 45
Pre-analytical
mins (STAT),
2 Hours (OPD
SCACC
-STAT)
Haematology Lab Please call 6697 for

Counter appointment.

Glass slide to be sent in slide

mailer
Histopathology Lab
Daily 1 week
conter
Request form :
PER-PAT 301
Transport: In ice/Dry ice

(within 4 - 6 hours) if cannot
Daily / by Histopathology Lab send immediately
2 months
appointment conter
Request form :
PER-PAT 301
Histopathology Lab Send fresh tissue immediately

Daily 1 week
conter to the laboratory
Send fresh tissue

(Immediately to the
laboratory)
Daily / by 45 minutes for 1 Histopathology Lab
Frozen section request form
appointment specimen conter
(HKL/JP/HI/AK05-02 form)
Appointment is required 1 day

before (Please call ext 6851)

mailer
Histopathology Lab
Daily 1 week
conter
Request form :
PER-PAT 301
Send fresh tissue (moist with

saline) immediately to the
laboratory
Histopathology Lab Transport: In phosphate buffer

Daily 1 week
conter packed in ice/dry ice if cannot
send immediately
Request form :
PER-PAT 301

mailer
Histopathology Lab
Daily 1 week
conter
Request form :
PER-PAT 301
Specimen container sealed in

biohazard plastic bag
Request form :
Biopsy : 1 week
Histopathology Lab PER-PAT 301
Daily
conter
Others : 1 month
Volume of formalin should be
10x the volume of specimen
By appointment 7 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice

once a week 7 working days Pre-analytical
By appointment 14 working days Pre-analytical
Packed with ice. If Flu A is

pos, specimen will be sent to
IMR for further testing, eg for
Flu A H1N1
Daily 1 hour Pre-analytical Send immediately
once a week 10 working days Pre-analytical
Please call 6697 for

By appointment 3 working days Haematology
appointment.
4 hours (Routine) Core Lab sample should be sent

Daily
45 mins (STAT) Paediatric Lab immediately in ice packed
4 hours (Routine) Pre-analytical

Daily
45 mins (STAT) Paediatric Lab
24 hours (Routine)
Core Lab sample should be sent
Daily 45 mins
Paediatric Lab immediately in ice packed
(STAT)

appointment. Send the
Haematology Lab sample to laboratory as soon
Counter as possible. EDTA sample
need to be processed within
30 minutes of blood collection.

36 hours (urgent temperature (20-24 oC). Avoid
verbal report). Haematology Lab direct contact with ice.
Office hour
Formal report 10 Counter Specimens kept more than 48
working days. hours are not suitable for
analysis.
Blood taking at Day 2 to Day 5

menses
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 min (STAT)
SCACC
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
Packed with ice, triple

By appointment 2 working days Pre-analytical
packaging required
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Daily (Office
1 days Pre-analytical
hour)

Paediatric Lab
Within Office Hour 1 day Pathologist prior to sending
(Ext:5598)
Please contact ext 5746/5748

for more information. Must
include Hb Analysis report
Haematology Lab
Office hour 60 working days and recent Full Blood Count
Counter
result. Detail history on Index
Case must be provided for
family screening.
Please clearly label donor and

recipient's identity. Pre-
Haematology Lab sample must be sent before
Counter chemotheraphy iniated.
Please contact ext 5746/5748
for more information.
Sample need to be processed

Molecular
Office hour 14 working days within 24 hours after blood
Haematology
collection.
Molecular Please contact ext 5746/5748

Haematology for more information.
M-F Lytic Blood Culture

Bottle- request from
Microbiology lab before
Daily 6 weeks Pre-analytical
collection. Indicated for
disseminated tuberculous
infection
18 hrs (working
Every Thursday Pre-analytical TDM form
days)
Tue/Wed/Thurs/Fri 3 days Pre-analytical
daily 2-3 days Pre-analytical
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab

appointment. Send to the
laboratory before 9.00 am.
Test must be performed within
Haematology Lab
By appointment 3 working days 2 hours after blood collection
Counter
if samples are kept at room
temperature; or within 6 hours
if samples are kept at 20-60
0
C
Daily 1 hr Pre-analytical Available 24 hrs, TDM form

Before specimen collection to

Daily 7 days Pre-analytical request Bordet-Gengou Agar-
from Microbiology lab
Core Lab
Paediatric Lab
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 min (STAT)
SCACC
Daily 4 hours (Routine) Core Lab

(Office hour) 45 mins (STAT) Paediatric Lab
once a week 7 days Pre-analytical

Haematology Lab
Office hour 10 working days temperature (20-24°C). Avoid
Counter
direct contact with ice.
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
Blood taking at Day 21 of

menses
Blood and urine sample must

be sent together.
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine)
45 min (STAT)
SCACC
For inquiry / to request tube

Paediatric Lab
By Batch By Batch with 4ml 8% of perchloric Acid
Solution call ext: 6902
Syphilis screening test and

Daily 2 days Pre-analytical treatment monitoring for
confirmed cases
Special media -request from

Screening
2-3 days Pre-analytical Microbiology lab before
Staff/Outbreak Cases
collection
Daily 4 hours Paediatric Lab
Initial Screening for all

respiratory virus, if positive
specific respiratory virus will
be determined
Daily 4 hours Pre-analytical

Weekdays Office
hours
Saturday: 8:30 am - Available 24 hrs, PER-PAT
1 hr Pre-analytical
1:30 pm form/ TDM form
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
once a week 7 days Pre-analytical For culture negative cases
Please call ext 6697 Haematology Lab Please call 6697 for
3 working days
for appointment. Counter appointment.
18 hrs (working
Every Tuesday Pre-analytical TDM form
days)
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
Please call ext 6697 for

By appointment (To 24 hours (verbal). appointment. Send
Haematology Lab
notify lab 2 weeks Formal report 10 immediately in room
Counter
before procedure). working days. temperature (20-24 oC). Avoid

By appointment (To appointment. Send
Haematology Lab
notify lab 2 weeks 24 hours immediately in room
Counter
before procedure). temperature (20-24 oC). Avoid

Haematology Lab
Counter
By appointment (To
notify lab 2 weeks 30 minutes -
appointment.
before procedure).

Haematology Lab
Counter

Haematology Lab
Counter

Daily 3 - 5 days Pre-analytical
Patient must be reviewed by

Paediatric Lab Paediatric Chest Specialist.
by appoinment 24 hours
Call ext. 6902 to set
appooinment
By appointment 7 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment

Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment

24 hours (Peads)
Daily 24 hours Paediatric Lab
Daily 3 working days Pre analytical

Once a week 5 days Pre-analytical PER-PAT 301 form
Daily 3 days Pre-analytical Syphilis confirmatory test
4 hours(Routine) 45
Pre-analytical
mins (STAT),
2 Hours (OPD
SCACC
-STAT)
Daily 45 mins (STAT) Pre-analytical Send immediately
Daily
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC

Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab -
2 Hours (OPD OPD
-STAT) SCACC
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
4 hours (Routine)
Daily Maternity
45 min (STAT)
OPD
SCACC
Daily 3 days Pre-analytical Send in ice
Haematology Lab Send sample immediately

Counter after collection.
Pre-analytical
4 hours (Routine) OPD
Daily
30 mins ( STAT) SCACC
Maternity Lab
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Weekdays Office
hours
1:30 pm days)
Sunday & PH:
Appointment
Once a week 14 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice
Once a week 14 working days Pre-analytical Room temp. or in ice
Indicated if past history of

Daily 7 days Pre-analytical syphilis ( serum TPPA
pos)

Unit Pengesanan
UPD (Pindaan 1) form / PER-
Daily 14-30 days Dadah, Wisma
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
SCHEDULE TAT14-30
(Min/Hr/Day) LOCATION UPD (Pindaan 1) form / PER-
Daily days Dadah, Wisma REMARK
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu / Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
UPD (Pindaan 1) form/ PER-
Daily 5 - 10 days Dadah, Wisma
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
5 - 10 days Dadah, Wisma
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Daily
Unit Pengesanan
14 - 30 days Dadah, Wisma
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu / Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu / Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
Daily 30 days Dadah, Wisma
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu / Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
Unit Pengesanan
PAT 301 form
Kayu /Drug Lab
GROUP TESTS
Sample
No. Group of Tests Location Container Volume Schedule
Type
1 Fasting Serum Lipid (FSL)
OPD STAT (2hours)

i) Cholesterol
Core Lab Routine (4hours)
ii) HDL Cholesterol

Heparinised
iii) LDL Cholesterol Tube Blood Daily
4 ml
4 hours (Routine)
iv) Triglycerides Core Lab
45 min (STAT)
v) HDL/ T. Cholesterol Ration
STAT(2hours)
2 Liver Function Test OPD
Routine(4hours)
4 hours (Routine)
i) Total Protein Core Lab
45 min (STAT)
ii) Albumin
Heparinised Tube Blood 4ml Daily
iii) Total Bilirubin
iv) Alkaline Phosphatase
v) Alanine Transaminase
4 hours (Routine)
3 SERUM BILIRUBIN (SB) Core Lab Heparinised tube Blood 4 ml Daily
45 min (STAT)
i) Total Bilirubin
ii) Direct Bilirubin
iii) Indirect Bilirubin
4 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)
i) Blood pH
ii) CO2 pressure
iii) O2 pressure Core Lab

Heparinised
Blood 2 ml Daily 45 mins (STAT)
Syringe
iv) Bicarbonate Paediatric Lab
v) Total CO2
vi) Base Excess
vi) O2 saturation
5 Cardiac Enzim (CE)

Paediatric Lab 500µL
(Paed)
i) Creatinine Kinase 4 hours (Routine)
Heparinised tube Blood Daily 45
mins (STAT)
4 hours (Routine)
Heparinised tube Blood Daily 45
ii) Lactate Dehydrogenase mins (STAT)
4 ml
Core Lab
(Adult)
iii) Aspartate Transaminase
6 COAGULATION TEST
i)Prothrombin Time (PT)
ii)INR
iii)Activated Partial Thrombin Time

Core Lab Sodium Citrate Blood 2.7 ml Daily 4 hours
(APTT)
iv)APTT Ratio
v)Fibrinogen
vi)D-Dimer
First
morning
urine
(preferred).
Random Daily 4 hours (Routine)
Paediatric Lab
7 Protein Creatinine Index Urine Container urine is 5 ml (Office 45 mins
acceptable hour) (STAT)
if a first-
morning
urine is not
available
4 hours (Routine)
Core Lab Fluoride Oxalate
8 CSF Biochemistry CSF 1 ml Daily 45 mins
Paediatric Lab Tube
(STAT)
i) Glucose
ii) Total Protein
iii) Globulin Core Lab 1 day
iv) Chloride
v) Appearance
STAT (2hours)
9 Renal Profile OPD Heparinised Tube Blood
Routine (4hours)
Daily
4 ml
4 hours (Routine)
i) Urea Core Lab
45 min (STAT)
ii) Creatinine
iii) Chloride
iv) Potassium
v)Sodium
24 hrs urine
10 Urine 24 hrs urine
container
50 ml sterile Urine
5 ml
container (Random)
Plain container Urine 10 ml

Paraproteins / Protein
Chemical Pathology Weekly 10 working days
electrophoresis
Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml
24 hours urine
container or 50ml Urine 5 ml
sterile container

i) Glucose 4 hours (Routine)
11 Core Lab Plain container Body Fluids 2 ml Daily
ii) Total Protein 45 mins (STAT)
iii) Lactate Dehydrogenase
Thyroid Function Test
i) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
12 Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml Daily 3 working days
(TSH) ii)
Thyroxine , Free (FT4)
Fertility Test
i) Follicle Stimulating Hormone
(FSH) ii) Luteinising Hormone (LH)
13 iii) Estradiol (Oestradiol/E2) Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml Daily 5 working days
iv) Progesterone
v) Prolactin
vi) Testosterone
Received Counter Remark
OPD
Patients are required

to fast for at least 4
hours prior to blood
collection
pre-analytical
OPD
pre-analytical
Send immediately
pre-analytical, . Send Immediately
Keep away from light
pre-analytical, . Sample should be

Core Lab sent immediately in
Paediatric Lab ice bath
Paediatric Lab
Sent Immediately
Sent Immediately
pre-analytical
pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab
Paediatric Lab
Send immediately
pre-analytical
OPD Send
immediately
pre-analytical
Blood and urine
Pre-analytical sample must be sent
together.
Pre-analytical
Paediatric Lab Send immediately
Pre-analytical
Pre-analytical
REFERENCE RANGE FOR ROUTINE BIOCHEMISTRY AND ROUTINE HEMATOLOGY TESTS
NO ANALYTE AGE METHOD
BIOCHEMISTRY
Therapeutic Range :
66-199 µmol/L
1 Acetaminophen Adults Colorimetric

Toxic: > 1324 µmol/L (At 4
hours)
> 662 µmol/L (At 8

hours)
> 331 µmol/L (At 12
hours)
Alanine Aminotransference Female up to 33 U/L

2 UV without P5P
(ALT) up to 41 U/L
Male
3 Albumin Adults 35-52 g/L Bromocerol Green –

Citrate Buffer
Female 35-105 U/L

4 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) PNPP, AMP Buffer
Male 40-130 U/L
Female 11-51 µmol/L
5 Ammonia Enzymatic
Male 16-60 µmol/L
6 Amylase Adults 28 – 100 U/L G7PNP
7 Asparate Transaminase (AST) Adults Up to 32 U/L UV without P5P
Arterial Blood Gas

Potentiometric
Blood pH 7.350 – 7.450 electrode
Partial Pressure of CO2 4.67-6.00 kPa Severinghouse

principal
Partial Pressure of O2 10.67-13.33 kPa Clark Measurement

principle
8
Actual Bicarbonate Adults 21.0-25.0 mmol/L Calculation
Total CO2 22.0-26.0 mmol/L
Base excess -3.0-3.0 mmol/L Calculation
O2 saturation 95.0-98 % Calculation
Calculation
Adults (18-60years) 2.15 - 2.50 mmol/L
9 Calcium NM – BAPTA
2.20 - 2.55 mmol/L
9 Calcium Adults (60-90years) NM – BAPTA
Adults (>90years) 2.05- 2.40 mmol/L
10 Chloride Adults 98-107 mmol/L Indirect ISE
<2.88 ng/ml
Female
11 CKMB Electrochemilumines
cense
Male <4.94 ng/ml
Female <170 U/L

12 Creatine Kinase ( CK ) IFCC
Male <190 U/L
44 - 80 umol/L
Female
13 Creatinine Alkaline picrate
Male 62- 106 umol/L
14 Direct Bilirubin Adults < 5 umol/L Diazonium Salt
>18 yr 3.0 – 6.1 mmol/L

15 Glucose (Fasting) Hexokinase
<18 yr 4.0 – 5.6 mmol/L
>18 yr 3.0 – 7.8 mmol/L

16 Glucose (2HPP) Hexokinase
<18 yr 4.0 – 7.8 mmol/L
<3d 1.5 – 6.2 mmol/L
<1 yr 1.8 – 6.2 mmol/L

17 Glucose (Random) Hexokinase
< 3 yr 2.9 – 5.4 mmol/L
>3 yr 3.0 – 11.1 mmol/L

Optimal Level : >1.6
mmol/L
Border Line : 1.0 – 1.6
18 HDL- Cholesterol Adults mmol/L Direct Measure-PEG
High Level: < 1.0 mmol/L
Optimal Level : < 2.6

mmol/L
Border Line : 2.6 – 4.9 Friedewald
19 LDL- Cholesterol Adults mmol/L Calculated
High Level > 4.9 mmol/L
20 Lithium Adults 0.6 – 1.2 mmol/L Direct ISE
21 Lactate Adults 0.5 - 2.2 mmol/L Enzymatic
22 Lactate Dehydrogenase Adults 240 - 480 U/L Pyruvate – Lactate
Adults (18-60years) 0.66 -1.07mmol/L
23 Magnesium Adults (60-90years) 0.66 - 0.99 mmol/L Xylidyl Blue
Adults (>90years) 0.70 - 0.95 mmol/L
Freezing Point
24 Osmolality (Serum) Adults 275-295 mOsm/kg Depression
Female (16-18y) 0.80 - 1.55 mmol/L Phosphomolydate
25 Phosphate Male (16-18y) 0.85 - 1.60 mmol/L Formation
Adults (18-60years) 0.81 -1.45mmol/L
26 Potassium Adults 3.4 - 4.5 mmol/L Indirect –ISE
Therapeutic Range :
27 Salicylate Adults 1.09 – 2.17 mmol/L Enzymatic
Toxic: > 2.2 mmol/L
Gradient:
28 Serum Albumin Ascites Adults Bromocerol Green –

Gradient > 11 g/L Transudate Citrate Buffer
< 11 g/L Exudate
29 Sodium Adults 136-145 mmol/L Indirect –ISE

1 day 2-85 µmol/L Diazonium Salt
30 Total Bilirubin
2 day 2-135 µmol/L

3 day 2-170 µmol/L
( Jendrassik Grof)
4-14 day 2-200 µmol/L
> 1 month <17 µmol/L
31 Total Protein Adults 64 - 83 g/L Biuret
Optimal Level : < 5.2 Cholesterol Oxidase,

mmol/L
32 Total Cholesterol Adults Border Line : 5.2 – 6.2 Esterase , Peroxidase

mmol/L
High Level : > 6.2 mmol/L
Optimal Level : < 1.7

mmol/L
33 Triglycerides Adults Border Line : 1.7 – 2.3 Enzymatic, End Point

mmol/L
High Level : > 2.3 mmol/L
Electrochemilumines
34 Troponin T Adults <0.1 ng/mL
cence (ECLIA)
35 Urea Adults 2.76-8.07 mmol/L Urease
Female 142.8-339.2 umol/L

36 Uric Acid Enzymatic
Male 202.3-416.5 umol/L
NO ANALYTE AGE REFERENCE RANGE METHOD

HEMATOLOGY
FULL BLOOD COUNT
0 day 10.0 - 26.0 x109 /L
3-6 m 6.0 - 18.0 x109 /L Fluorescent

Flowcytometry
1y 6.0 - 16.0 x109 /L

2y-6y 5.0 - 15.0 x109 /L
Total White Blood Cell Count
37 (WBC) 7-12 y 5.0 - 13.0 x109 /L
Adult 4.0 - 10.0 x109 /L
(WBC)
0 day 5.00 – 7.00 x1012 / L

3-6 m 4.10 - 5.30 x1012 / L
1y 3.90 – 5.10 x1012 / L
Hydrodynamic
2y-6y 12 Focusing /
4.00 – 5.20 x10 / L Impedance
technology
38 Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)
7-12 y 4.00 – 5.20 x1012 / L
Male 4.50 – 5.50 x1012 / L

Female 3.80 – 4.80 x1012 / L
0 day 14.0 - 22.0 g/dL

3-6 m 11.1 - 14.1 g/dL
SLS-Method of Hb
1y 11.1 - 14.1 g/dL
estimation
39 Haemoglobin (Hb)
2y-6y 11.0 - 14.0 g/dL
7-12 y 11.5 - 15.5 g/dL
Male 13.0 - 17.0 g/dL
Female 12.0 – 15.0 g/dL
0 day 0.45 – 0.75 L/L

3-6 m 0.30 – 0.40 L/L
1y 0.30 – 0.38 L/L RBC cumulative pulse
40 Haematocrit (HCT)
2y-6y 0.34 – 0.40 L/ L height detection
7-12 y 0.35 – 0.45 L/ L
Male 0.40 – 0.50 L/ L
Female 0.36 – 0.46 L/ L
0 day 100 – 450 x109 /L
3-6 m 200 – 550 x109 /L
1y 200 – 550 x109 /L Impedance
41 Platelet Count technology and/or
2y-6y 200 – 490 x109 /L Fluorescent method
7-12 y 170 - 450 x109 /L
Adult 150 – 410 x109 /L
0 day 31 – 37 pg
3-6 m 24 – 30 pg
1y 25 – 29 pg Derived red cell
42 MCH variables
2y-6y 24 – 30 pg
7-12 y 25 – 33 pg
Adult 27 – 32 pg
0 day 100 – 120 fL
3-6 m 68 – 84 fL
Derived red cell
43 MCV variables
1y 72 – 84 fL Derived red cell
43 MCV
2y-6y 75 – 87 fL variables
7-12 y 77 – 95 fL
Adult 83 – 101 fL
0 day 30.0 – 36.0 g/dL
3-6 m 30.0 – 36.0 g/dL
44 MCHC 1y 32.0 – 36.0 g/dL Derived red cell
variables
2y-6y 31.0 -37.0 g/dL
7-12 y 31.0 – 37.0 g/dL
Adult 31.5 – 34.5 g/dL
45 Red Cell Distribution Width Adult 11.6 – 14.0 % Derived red cell
(RDW-CV) variables
Male 9.3 – 12.1 fL Derived variable

46 MPV (calculated)
Female 9.1 – 11.9 fL
0 day 1.2 – 4.0 %

3-6 m 0.4 – 1.0 %
1y 0.3 – 1.0 %
47 Retic % Calculated
2y-6y 0.3 – 1.0 %
7-12 y 0.3 – 1.0 %
Adult 0.5 – 2.5 %
0 day 0.060 – 0.28 x 106/uL Fluorescent
48 Retic # 3-6 m 0.016 – 0.053 x 106/uL Flowcytometry
1y 0.012 – 0.052 x 106/uL
ANALYTE Age REFERENCE RANGE & METHOD
Method: Fluorescent
Flowcytometry
Absolute # ( 10 9 /L)
Neut # Lymph#
0 day 4.0 -14.0 3.0 – 8.0
3-6 m 1.0 – 6.0 4.0 – 12.0
1y 1.0 – 7.0 3.5 – 11.0
49 Differential White Cell Count
(Diff) 2y-6y 1.5 – 8.0 6.0 – 9.0
7-12y 2.0 – 8.0 1.0 – 5.0
Adult 2.0 – 7.0 1.0 – 3.0
Percentage %
Neut % Lymph %
Adult 40 - 80 20 - 40
COAGULATION
ANALYTE AGE REFERENCE RANGE METHOD
Coagulation Parameters
Prothrombin time ( PT ) 10.5 - 12.2 sec Clotting Time
International normalized
ratio (INR) 0.91 – 1.05 Clotting Time
50 Adult
Partial thromboplastin time 26.5 – 39.8 sec Clotting Time
(APTT)
Fibrinogen 181 – 358 mg /dL Clauss Clotting Assay
D-Dimer < 0.50 ug/mL FEU Turbidometricimmun

oassay
Mixing Test
*APTT Mixing Test
Rosner Index Immediate 2H
Mixing
51 RosnerInder 2H Mixing
*PT Mixing Test Adult Interpretative Report Clotting Time
Rosner Index Immediate 2H
Mixing
Rosner Inder 2H Mixing
DIVC Screening
Prothrombin time ( PT ) 10.5 - 12.2 sec Clotting Time
International normalized 0.91 – 1.05 Clotting Time

ratio (INR)
Partial thromboplastin time 26.5 – 39.8 sec Clotting Time
(APTT)
52
Fibrinogen Adults 181 – 358 mg /dL Clauss Clotting Assay
D-Dimer < 0.50 µg/mL FEU Turbidometric

Immunoassay
Refer to age-specific Impedance
Platelet Count reference range technology
Refer to age-specific SLS-Method of Hb
Haemoglobin reference range estimation
53 ESR Healthy 0 – 20 mm/h Westergren Method

Infectious 20 – 60 mm/h
CSF/URINE/FEACES/BODY FLUID TESTS
NO ANALYTE AGE REFERENCE RANGE
Random Urine:
Female : 21-447 U/L
54 Amylase Urine Adults
Male : 16-491 U/L
24hr Urine:
55 Calcium Urine Adults
55 Calcium Urine Adults
2.5 – 8.0 mmol/24hr
1st morning Urine :
56 Chloride urine Adults 46 - 168 mmol/L
24hr Urine :
110-250 mmol/24h
1st morning Urine :
Female : 2.47 – 19.2 mmol/L
Male : 3.45-22.9 mmol/L
57 Creatinine urine Adults
24 hr Urine :
Female : 7.0 – 14.0 mmol/24hr
Male : 9.0 – 21.0 mmol/24hr
58 Creatinine Clearance Adults 1.2-2.5 ml/second
59 Magnesium urine Adults 24hr Urine: 4.0 – 5.0 mmol/24hr
60 Albumin Urine Adults 24hr Urine : <30 mg/24hr
Female Normal < 3.5 mg/mmol
Male Normal < 2.5 mg/mmol

61 Albumin Creatinine Ratio
(Urine) Female
Trace protein (Microalbuminuria)
Male
Adults Overt Proteinuria (Macroalbuminuria)
62 Stool Occult Blood Adults Negative
63 Osmolality (Urine) Adults 300-900 mOsm/kg
64 pH Adults 4.5-7.5
64 pH Adults 4.5-7.5
1st morning Urine : 13-44 mmol/L
65 Phosphate inorganic Adults 24hr Urine : 13-42 mmol/24hr
1st morning Urine :
66 Potassium Urine Adults

20 – 80 mmol/L
24hr Urine : 25-125 mmol/24hr
Random Urine : <0.15 g/L
24hr Urine :
67 Protein Urine Adults
Normal <0.15 g/24hr
Trace Protein 0.15 -0.44 g/24hr
Overt Proteinuria >0.45 g/24hr
Normal: <0.02 g/mmol

Protein Creatinine Index
68 Adults
(Urine) Trace protein : 0.02 – 0.04 g/mmol
Overt Proteinuria: >0.05 g/mmol
1st morning Urine:

69 Sodium Urine Adults
54 – 190 mmo/L
1st morning Urine:
70 Urea Urine Adults

150 - 500 mmol/L

1st morning Urine:
71 Uric Acid Urine Adults 2.2-5.5 mmol/L
24hr Urine : 1.2-5.9 mmol/24hr
72 Urine Pregnancy Test Female Positive or Negative
Urine Biochemistry (Qualitative)
1. Colour Colorless ,Straw

2. Clarity Clear
3. Blood Negative
4. Bilirubin Negative
5. Urobilinogen Normal

73
6. Ketone Adult Negative
7. Protein Negative
8. Nitrite Negative

9. Glucose Negative
10. pH ( 5.0 – 8.0)
11. Specific
Gravity 1.000 – 1.030
12. Leukocytes Negative
Urine Microscopy
74 Adult
14. Leukocytes Adult <33/µL

1. Glucose
75 Adult Reference value varies according to fluid samples and should be

2. Total Protein
compared to serum. No established range for fluid is available
3. Lactate
dehydrogenase
4. pH
CSF Biochemistry
1. Glucose 2.22-3.90 mmol/L
76 2. Total Protein Adult 0.15-0.45 g/L
3. Globulin Negative
4. Chloride 118 - 132 mmol/L
5. Appearance Clear

TOLOGY TESTS
PLATFORM REFERENCE
TDM Sampling Guidelines
Department of
Pathology/Pharmacy,
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Cobas 6000
TDM Request Form
HKL/JP/CT/PK-01-06
Cobas 8000 Product Insert
Roche Omni S Manufacturer Range

Instrument & Reagent

Supplier Handbook:
Cobas 6000
Reference Ranges for Adult
and Children, Roche 2008
Cobas 8000
Cobas 8000
CPG: Management of Type
2 Diabetes Mellitus
Cobas 8000
Cobas 8000
Adult Treatment Panel

(ATP) III Guidelines
Cobas 8000
LiApllied Clinical
Pharmacokinetics, Bauer,
Medica Easylite 2001; Clinical
Pharmacokinetics, Eilers,
1995;29:442-50
Advanced Clinical Guidelines for

Laboratory Tests, Tietz,
Instrument 1995; Pediatric Reference
Osmometer Ranges, Soldin, 1999
TDM Sampling Guidelines
Department of
Cobas 6000 Pathology/Pharmacy,
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
TDM Request Form

HKL/JP/CT/PK-01-06
Urinalysis and Bodyfluid,

Cobas 8000 Strasinger SK, 5th Edition
2008

Guideline for
Phototheraphy and
Exchange Transfusion (ET)
in hospitalized infants of >
35 weeks gestation (for
high risk group of patient)
Cobas 8000
Handbook Paediatric for

Malaysian Hospitals 3rd
Edition
Cobas 8000 Adult Treatment Panel

Cobas 8000 Adult Treatment Panel

Instrument & Reagent

Supplier Handbook:
Cobas 6000
Reference Ranges for Adult
and Children, Roche 2008
PLATFORM REFERENCE
Practical Haematology ,
XE-5000 Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Edition,2012
XN 3000
XN 1000
XE-5000
XN 3000 Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Edition,2012
XN 1000
XE-5000 Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Edition,2012
XN 3000
XN 1000
XE-5000
XN 3000
XN 1000 Practical Haematology ,
Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Edition,2012
XE-5000
Dacie & Lewis, 11th
XN 1000 Edition,2012
XE-5000
Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Edition,2012
XE-5000 Practical Haematology ,
Dacie & Lewis, 11th
XN 1000
XE-5000
XE-5000
Edition,2012
XN 1000
XE-5000
XN 3000 Manufacturer reference

range
XN 1000
XE-5000 Practical Haematology

,Dacie & Lewis, 11th
XN 1000
XE-5000
Practical Haematology
XN 3000 ,Dacie & Lewis, 11th
REFERENCE RANGE & METHOD PLATFORM REFERENCE

Method: Fluorescent
Flowcytometry
Absolute # ( 10 9 /L)
Mono# Eo # Baso#
0.5 – 2.0 0.1 – 1.0 0.02 –0.10
0.2 – 1.2 0.1 – 1.0 0.02 –0.10 XE-5000
0.2 – 1.0 0.1 – 1.0 0.02 –0.10 XN 3000 Practical
Haematology ,
0.2 – 1.0 0.1 – 1.0 0.02 –0.10 XN 1000 Dacie & Lewis,
11th
0.2 – 1.0 0.1 – 1.0 0.02 –0.10 Edition,2012
0.2 – 1.0 0.02 – 0.5 0.02 –0.10
ntage %
Mono % Eo % Baso %
2.0 -10.0 1.0 – 6.0 < 2.0
PLATFORM REFERENCE
PT, APTT and Fibrinogen:

Established local reference
range
ACL TOP CTS

500
D-Dimer: Manufacturer’s
Recommended Cut Off
Practical Haematology
ACL TOP CTS
500 ,Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Edition,2012
ACL TOP CTS

500
Dacie & Lewis, 11th
Edition,2012
XE 5000
ESR Auto Plus ESR Auto Plus Manual
ANGE METHOD PLATFORM REFERENCE

ne:
7 U/L
IFCC Cobas 8000 Product Insert
1 U/L
e:
NM-BAPTA Cobas 8000 Product Insert
NM-BAPTA Cobas 8000 Product Insert
/24hr
Reference
Ranges for
rine : Adult and
Children, Roche
2008
ol/L
Indirect ISE Cobas 8000 Product Insert
:
l/24h
rine :
2 mmol/L
mmol/L
Kinetic Jaffe method Cobas 6000 Product Insert
e:
mmol/24hr
mmol/24hr
Cobas 6000
cond Kinetic Jaffe method Cobas 8000 Product Insert
Reference
Ranges for
mmol/24hr Xylidyl Blue Cobas 8000 Adult and
Children, Roche
2008
Reference
Ranges for
mg/24hr Turbidimetric Cobas 8000 Adult and
Children, Roche
2008
/mmol
g/mmol Turbidimetric method Guidelines of

≥3.5 – 30 Cobas 6000 eGFR First
mg/mmol Kinetic Jaffe method Version
October 2012
≥2.5 – 30
mg/mmol
> 30 mg/mmol
Immunochemical - -
Clinical
Advanced Guidelines for
m/kg Freezing Point Depression Instrument Laboratory
Osmometer Tests, Tietz,
1995
Manual (pH paper) - -

Manual (pH paper) - -
3-44 mmol/L
Phosphomolybdate
mmol/24hr Formation Cobas 8000 Product Insert
Reference
Ranges for
ine : Adult and
Children, Roche
Indirect ISE Cobas 8000 2008
ol/L
mmol/24hr Product Insert
0.15 g/L
Guidelines of
: eGFR First
Turbidimetric method Cobas 6000 Version
<0.15 g/24hr
October 2012
0.15 -0.44 g/24hr
>0.45 g/24hr
Turbidimetric method
/mmol Guidelines of
Kinetic Jaffe method eGFR First
Cobas 6000
0.04 g/mmol Version
October 2012
.05 g/mmol
Reference
Ranges for
rine: Adult and
Children, Roche
Indirect ISE Cobas 8000 2008
mo/L Product Insert
mmol/24hr
Reference
Ranges for
rine: Adult and
Children, Roche
Urease-Kinetic Cobas 6000 2008
Product Insert
mmol/24hr
rine:
ol/L Uricase/Peroxidase Cobas 8000 Product Insert
mmol/24hr
gative Immunochromatography - -
Color sensor with white

raw
light illumination
Color sensor with white
light illumination
Pseudo-enzymatic test
Diazonium salt in an acidic
medium
IrisCell 2000
Coupling reaction Automated
Legal’s Method UriScan Pro Manufacturer
Range
“Protein error” of pH
indicators
Modified Griess reaction
Enzymatic reaction
) Color change
30 Refrectometry
Leukocytes enzymatic test
IrisCell 2000
Automated Manufacturer
Range
Hexokinase
fluid samples and should be Turbidimetric Cobas 8000

range for fluid is available
Pyruvate – Lactate Cobas 6000
Manual (pH paper)
Tietz
Fundamental
mol/L Hexokinase Clinical
Chemistry , 6th
Edition
/L Turbidimetric Cobas 8000 Product Insert
Pandy’s method Cobas 6000 Tietz

Fundamental
mol/L Chloride (Indirect) MANUAL Clinical
Chemistry , 2th
Cobas 8000 Edition
Chemical Pathology
NO ANALYTE AGE REFERENCE RANGE
1 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Adults ≤ 10.2 pmol/L

(ACTH)
2 Alpha-1-antitrypsin 0.9 – 2.0 g/L
Male 0.15 – 0.30 g/L

3 Ceruloplasmin
Female 0.16 – 0.45 g/L
Catecholamine :
24 hour urine catecholamines
>500mL :
Epinephrine 0.5 – 20 ug /24 hrs
Norepinephrine 15 – 80 ug /24 hrs
Dopamine 64- 400 ug /24 hrs
Random urine catecholamine
< 500mL:
Epinephrine <2yr < 75 ug/g creatinine
2 – 4 yr < 57 ug/g creatinine

4
Norepinephrine <2yr < 420 ug/g creatinine
Dopamine 2yr < 3000 ug/g creatinine
Male, Children & 5320 – 12,920 U/L
≥ 40 years Female
5 Cholinesterase
16-39yr 4260 – 11,250 U/L
5 Cholinesterase
(Female, not
pregnant, not taking
contraceptives)
Cortisol serum (AM) 145.4 – 619.4 nmol/L
Cortisol serum (PM) 94.9 – 462.4 nmol/L

6
24 hrs Urine Cortisol 150 - 800 nmol/24 hrs
(volume ≥500 ml)
7 C-Peptide 298 – 2350 pmol/L
Male 2.20 – 15.20 umol/L

8 Dehydroepiandrosterone
Sulphate (DHEAS) Female 0.95 – 11.70 umol/L
Estradiol Male (Adult) 94.8 – 223 pmol/L
*Female: Blood taking at

Day 2 to Day 5 menses Female (Adult):
Follicular phase 45.4 - 854 pmol/L

9
Ovulation phase 151 – 1461 pmol/L
Luteal Phase 81.9 – 1251 pmol/L
Post-menopausal < 18.4 – 505 pmol/L
Male
< 1yr 12 – 327 ug/L
1 – 6 yr 4 – 67 ug/L
7 – 17 yr 14 – 152 ug/L
> 17 yr 30 – 400 ug/L

10 Ferritin
Female
< 1yr 12 – 327 ug/L
1 – 6 yr 4 – 67 ug/L
7 – 17 yr 7 – 84 ug/L
> 17 yr 13 – 150 ug/L
11 Folate Adult 8.83 - 60.80 nmol/L
Follicle Stimulating Hormone Female:

(FSH)
*Female: Blood taking at Day
2 to Day 5 menses Follicular phase 3.5 – 12.5 IU/L
Ovulation phase 4.7 – 21.5 IU/L
Luteal Phase 1.7 – 7.7 IU/L
Post-menopausal 25.8 – 134.8 IU/L
12
Male (Adult) 1.5 – 12.4 IU/L
Boys :
12 < 5 yr 0.2 – 2.8 IU/L
6 – 10 yr 0.4 – 3.8 IU/L

11 – 13 yr 0.4 – 4.6 IU/L
14 – 17 yr 1.5 – 12.9 IU/L
Girls:
< 5 yr 0.2 – 11.1 IU/L
6 – 10 yr 0.3 – 11.1 IU/L
11 – 13 yr 2.1 – 11.1 IU/L
14 – 17 yr 1.6 – 17.0 IU/L
Adults 12.0 – 22.0 pmol/L
Children : New born 11.0 – 32.0 pmol/L
6 d – 3 month 11.5 – 28.3 pmol/L
4 – 12 month 11.9 – 25.6 pmol/L
1 – 6 yr 12.3 – 22.8 pmol/L
13 Free Thyroxine (FT4) 7 – 11 yr 12.5 – 21.5 pmol/L
12 – 20 yr 12.6 – 21.0 pmol/L
Pregnant Women
1st trimester
(1-12 weeks) 12.1 - 19.61 pmol/L
2nd trimester
(13- 27weeks) 9.63 - 17.0 pmol/L
3rd trimester
(28- birth) 8.39 - 15.6 pmol/L
Adults, Euthyroidism 3.1 – 6.8 pmol/L
Children : New born 2.7 – 9.7 pmol/L
6 d – 3 month 3.0 – 9.3 pmol/L
4 – 12 month 3.3 – 9.0 pmol/L
1 – 6 yr 3.7 – 8.5 pmol/L
14 Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) 7 – 11 yr 3.9 – 8.0 pmol/L
12 – 20 yr 3.9 – 7.7 pmol/L
Pregnant Women
1st trimester 3.78 - 5.97 pmol/L
(1-12 weeks)
2nd trimester 3.21 - 5.45 pmol/L
(13- 27weeks)
3rd trimester 3.09 - 5.03 pmol/L
(28- birth)
Gamma-glutamyltransferase Male < 60 U/L
15
(GGT)
Female < 40 U/L
Male ≤ 3 ug/L
16 Growth Hormone
Female ≤ 8 ug/L
17 Haptoglobin Adults 0.30 – 2.00 g/L
NGSP (< 6.5 %) /

18 Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
IFCC (< 48 mmol/mol) - Optimal
Glycaemic Control
19 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) 7.0 – 16.0 g/L
20 Immunoglobulin A (IgA) 0.7 – 4.00 g/L
21 Immunoglobulin M (IgM) 0.4 – 2.3 g/L
22 Insulin < 10.1 uU/mL

Intact Parathyroid Hormone
(IPTH)
23 1.58 – 6.03 pmol/L
* Urgent: (send in EDTA tube
packed with ice)
24 Iron (Fe) 5.8 – 34.5 umol/L
Luteinising Hormone (LH) Female:

*Female: Blood taking at Follicular phase 2.4 – 12.6 IU/L
Day 2 to Day 5 menses
Ovulation phase 14.0 – 95.6 IU/L
Luteal Phase 1.0 – 11.4 IU/L
Post-menopausal 7.7 – 58.5 IU/L
Male (Adult) 1.7 – 8.6 IU/L
Boys :
< 1 yr < 0.4 IU/L
1 - 5 yr < 1.3 IU/L
25 6 – 10 yr < 1.4 IU/L
11 – 13 yr 0.1 – 7.8 IU/L
14 – 17 yr 1.3 – 9.8 IU/L
Girls :
< 1 yr < 0.4 IU/L
1 - 5 yr < 0.5 IU/L
6 – 10 yr < 3.1 IU/L

11 – 13 yr < 11.9 IU/L
14 – 17 yr 0.5 – 41.7 IU/L

Para proteins / Protein
electrophoresis
* Blood and urine sample must
be sent together.
1. Albumin 38.3 - 60. 1 g/L

26 2. Alpha-1- globulins 0.6 - 2.7 g/L
3. Alpha-2-globulins 4.7 - 10.5 g/L
4. Beta globulins 4.8 - 10.7 g/L
5. Gamma globulins 5.1 - 13.1 g/L
Progesterone Female:
*Female: Blood taking at Day
21 menses Follicular phase 0.18 - 2.84 nmol/L
Ovulation phase 0.39 - 38.10nmol/L
27 Luteal Phase 5.82 - 75.90nmol/L
Post-menopausal < 0.4 nmol/L
Male (Adult) < 0.5 nmol/L
Male 98 – 456 mIU/L

28 Prolactin
Female 127 – 637 mIU/L
Male 9.9 – 27.8 nmol/L

29 Testosterone
Female 0.22 – 2.9 nmol/L
Adults 0.27 – 4.20 mIU/L

Children :
New born 0.70 – 15.2 mIU/L
6 d – 3 month 0.72 -11 mIU/L

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
30 (TSH)
4 – 12 month 0.73 – 8.35 mIU/L
202 – 6 yr 0.70 – 5.97 mIU/L
7 – 11 yr 0.60 – 4.84 mIU/L
12 – 20 yr 0.51 – 4.30 mIU/L

31 Transferrin 2.0- 3.6 g/L
Unsaturated Iron Binding Male 22.3 – 61.7 umol/L
32
Capacity (UIBC) Female 24.2 – 70.1 umol/L
33 Vitamin B12 145 - 569 pmol/L

METHOD PLATFORM
Chemiluminescent Immulite 2000
Immunoturbidimetric Assay Cobas 6000
High Performance liquid

Chromatography (HPLC) HPLC Gilson Aspec
Colorimetric Assay Cobas 6000

Colorimetric Assay Cobas 6000
Chemiluminescence Advia Centeur CP
Electrochemiluminescence
Immunoassay Cobas 6000
Electrochemiluminescence Cobas 6000

Immunoassay

Immunoassay
Cobas 6000
Immunoassay

Immunoassay

Immunoassay
Enzymatic colorimetric assay Cobas 6000
Immunorbidimetric Assay Cobas 6000
HPLC Variant II Turbo
Colorimetric assay Cobas 6000
Electrophoresis Agarose Gel Sebia Hydrsys II

Immunoassay

Immunoassay

Immunoassay
Colorimetric assay Cobas 6000
REFERENCE RANGE MAKMAL PEDIATRIK
Serum/Plasma Reference Range
Analyte Age/Gender Normal Range
Male up to 41 U/L
ALT
Female up to 33 U/L
newborn 0- 4days 28-44 g/L
Children 4days -14 years 38-54 g/L
ALB
Children 14 years - 18years 32-45 g/L
Adults 35-52 g/L
Child 1day <250 U/L
Child 2-5days <231 U/L
Child 6days - 6months <449 U/L
Child 7months- 1 year <462 U/L
Child 1-3 years <281 U/L
ALP Child 4-6 years <269 U/L
Child 7-12 years <300 U/L
Child 13-17 years (female) <187 U/L
Child 13-17 years (male) <390 U/L
Adult Male 40 - 130 U/L
Adult Female 35 - 105 U/L
AST Up to 32 U/L
1 day <85 µmol/l

2 days <135 µmol/l
Total Bilirubin 3 days <170 µmol/l
4-14 days < 200 µmol/l
>1 month <17 µmol/l
Direct Bilirubin ≤ 5 µmol/L
Child (0-10days) 1.90-2.60 mmol/L

Child (10days-2years) 2.25 - 2.75 mmol/L
Child (2-12years) 2.20 - 2.70 mmol/L
2.15 - 2.50 mmol/L
CA AdultsChild
(18-60years)
(12-18years) 2.10 - 2.55mmol/L
CA
Adults (60-90years) 2.20 - 2.55 mmol/L

Adults (>90years) 2.05- 2.40 mmol/L
neonates prem 29-87 umol/L
neonates fullterm 27-77 umol/L
Child 2 - <12m 14-34 umol/L
Child 1- <3y 15-31 umol/L
Child 3- <5y 23-37umol/L
Creatinine
Adult Male 59-104 umol/L
Adult Female 45-84 umol/L
Chloride 98 - 107 mmol/L
<190 U/L
Male
CK
Female <170 U/L
Neonates <1day 2.22 - 3.33 mmol/L
Neonates > 2 days 2.78 - 4.44 mmol/L
Children 3.33 - 5.55 mmol/L
GLU
Adults 4.11 - 5.89 mmol/L
60-90 years 4.56 - 6.38 mmol/L
>90 years 4.16 - 6.72 mmol/L
30 - 300 µmol/L
KETONE
LACT 0.5 - 2.2 mmol/L
LDH 240 - 480 U/L

0.62 - 0.91 mmol/L
newborn
5mths-6years 0.70 -0.95mmol/L
6-12years 0.70 -0.86mmol/L
MG 12-20years 0.70 -0.91mmol/L
Adults 0.66 -1.07mmol/L
MG
60-90years 0.66 - 0.99 mmol/L

>90years 0.70 - 0.95 mmol/L
Male 16-60 µmol/L
NH3
Female 11-51 µmol/L
1-30d (male) 1.25 - 2.25 mmol/L
1-30d (female) 1.40 - 2.50 mmol/L
1-12 (male) 1.15 - 2.15 mmol/L
1-12 (female) 1.20 - 2.10 mmol/L
1-3y (male) 1.00 - 1.95mmol/L
1-3y (female) 1.10 - 1.95 mmol/L
4-6y (male) 1.05 - 1.80mmol/L
4-6y(female) 1.05 - 1.80 mmol/L
PHOS 7-9y (male) 0.95 - 1.75mmol/L
7-9y (female) 1.00 - 1.80 mmol/L
10-12y (male) 1.05 - 1.85mmol/L
10-12y (female) 1.05 - 1.70 mmol/L
13-15y (male) 0.95 - 1.65mmol/L
13-15y (female) 0.90 - 1.55 mmol/L
16-18y (male) 0.85 - 1.60mmol/L
16-18y (female) 0.80 - 1.55 mmol/L
Adults 0.81 -1.45mmol/L
Female 3.4 - 4.4 mmol/L
Potassium
Male 3.5 - 4.5 mmol/L
Total Protein 64 - 83 g/L
< 90 years 136-145 mmol/L

Sodium
> 90 years 132-146 mmol/L
Female 2.6 - 6.4 mmol/L
Urea
Male 3.2 - 8.1 mmol/L
142.8-339.2 umol/L
Female
UA
Male 202.3-416.5 umol/L
Urine Chemistry Reference range
Analyte Sample Age/Gender
Random
Calcium
Calcium
24hr
Random
Chloride
24hr
Female
Random
Male
Creatinine
Female
24hr
Male
Random
Glucose
24hr
Random
Magnesium
24hr
Random
Phosphate
24hr
Random
Potassium
24hr
Random
Total Protein
24hr
Random
Sodium
24hr
Random
Urea
24hr
Random
Uric Acid
24hr
CSF Reference range
Analyte Age/Gender Normal Range
Children 3.33 - 4.44 mmol/L
Glucose
Total Protein 0.15 - 0.45 g/L
Chloride 98 - 107 mmol/L

neonates 1.1 - 6.7 mmol/L
3-10 days 1.1 - 4.4 mmol/L
Lactate
≥11days 1.1 - 2.8 mmol/L
AL PEDIATRIK
Reference
product insert ALT Cobas & Integra
product insert ALB Cobas &

Integra
product insert ALP Cobas &

Integra
product insert AST Cobas &

Integra
*follow guideline phototherapy and

exchange transfusion (ET) in
hospitalized infants of >35 weeks
gestation
product insert Direct Bilirubin

Cobas & Integra
product insert Calcium Cobas &

Integra
product insert Calcium Cobas &
Integra
product insert Creatinine Cobas &

Integra
product insert ISE Indirect Cobas &

Integra
product insert CK Cobas & Integra
roduct insert Glucose Cobas &

Integra
product insert Ketone (D-3-

Hydroxybutyrate) Randox
product insert Lactate Integra
product insert LDH Cobas &

Integra
product insert Magnesium Cobas &

Integra
product insert Magnesium Cobas &
Integra
product insert Ammonia Integra
product insert Phosphate Cobas &

Integra
Roche Reference Ranges for

Adults and Children 2008
product insert Total Protein Cobas

& Integra


product insert Uric Acid Cobas &

Integra
Normal Range Reference

1.7-5.3 mmol/L Roche Reference Ranges for
2.5-8.0 mmol/day Adults and Children 2008
46-168 mmol/L
110-250 mmol/day Adults and Children 2008
2.47-19.2 mmol/L
3.46-22.9 mmol/L
product insert Creatinine Integra
2.47-19.2 mmol/24hr
3.45-22.9 mmol/24hr
< 1.1 mmol/L Roche Reference Ranges for
<0.96 mmol/day Adults and Children 2008
product insert Magnesium Integra

3.0 - 5.0 mmol/24h
13 - 44 mmol/L
product insert Phosphate Integra
12 - 42 mmol/24h
25-125 mmol/L
<0.15 g/L product insert Total Protein
<0.14g/24hr Urine/CSF Integra
54-190 mmol/L
286-595 mmol/L
product insert Urea Integra
428-714 mmol/24hr
2200 - 5475 µmol/L
product insert Uric Acid Integra
1200 - 5900 µmol/L
Reference
product insert Glucose Integra
product insert Total Protein

Urine/CSF Integra
product insert ISE Indirect Integra
product insert Lactate Integra

TUMOUR MARKER & SPECIFIC PROTEIN QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE
NO TEST PANEL NORMAL RANGE
1 Alpha Feto Protein AFP 0.89 - 8.78ng/ml
2 Total Human Chorionic BCG <5.0 mIU/ml
Gonadotropin
3 Carcinoembryoni C Antigen CEA ≤ 5.0 ng/ml
4 Cancer Antigen 12-5 C25 ≤ 35.0 U/ml
7 Total Prostate Specific Antigen PSA ≤ 4.0 ng/ml
8 Free Prostate Specific Antigen FSA No normal range
9 C-Reactive Protein CRP ≤ 5.0 mg/ml
10 Complement C3 CO3 1 to 14 yrs:
Male : 0.80-1.70 g/L
Female: 0.82-1.73 g/L
14 to 80
yrs:
Male : 0.82-1.85 g/L
Female: 0.83-1.93 g/L
11 Complement C4 CO4 1 to 14 yrs:

Male : 0.14-0.44 g/L
Female: 0.13-0.46 g/L
14 to 80 yrs:
Male : 0.15-0.53
g/L Female: 0.15-
0.57 g/L
* The reference range is based on Abbot reagent insert.
TDM: TOXICITY AND THERAPEUTIC RANGE

NO TEST Therapeutic Range
1 Paracethamol 66-99 µmol/L
Toxic : >1324 µmol/L ( after 4 hrs)
> 662 µmol/L ( after 8 hrs)
> 331 µmol/L ( after 12 hrs)
2 Salicylate Toxic : > 2.2 nmol/L
3 Benzodiazepine 0.35 - 3.50 µmol/L
Toxic : >17.0 µmol/L
4 Ethanol Toxic : 50mg/dl - Euphoria
100 - 300 mg/dl - Disorientation and incoordination
4 Ethanol
>400 mg/dl - Coma and death

5 Amikacin Truogh : < 17 µmol/L, Children : < 8.5 µmol/L
Peak : 34.2 - 51.2 µmol/L
6 Gentamicin Truogh : < 4.2 µmol/L, Neonate : < 2.1
Peak : 10.45 - 20.9 µmol/L µmol/L
7 Vancomycin Truogh : 6.9 - 13.8 µmol/L
Peak : 13.8 - 27.6 µmol/L
8 Carbamazepine 17 - 51 µmol/L
9 Phenobarbital 64.7 - 172.4 µmol/L
10 Phenytoin 40 - 79 µmol/L
11 Valporic Acid 346.5 - 693 µmol/L
12 Theophylline Asthma / COPD 55.5 - 111 µmol/L
Elderly : 27.75 - 55.5 µmol/L

13 Digoxin AF: 1-2.6 nmol/L
CCF: 0.64 - <1.28 nmol/L
14 Methotexate Post 24hours: 5 - 10 µmol/L
Post 48hours: 0.5 - 1.0 µmol/L
Post 60hours: < 0.1 µmol/L
Post 72hours: < 0.1 µmol/L
15 Cyclosporine CO: > 6 months renal transplant : 100 - 250 ngm/L
< 6 months renal transplant : 250 - 375 ng/mL
16 Sirolimus 5 - 15 ng/mL
17 Tacrolimus > 6 months renal transplant : 5 - 10 ng/mL
< 6 months renal transplant : 10 -15 ng/mL
18 Everolimus 3.0 - 8.0 ng/mL
19 Mycophenolic Acid Truogh : 1.0 - 3.5 µg/mL
20 Paraquat Detected if present
Reference Range for Special Haematology Test:
1. Haemoglobin Analysis Automated (HPLC)
Hb A₂
Normal: 2.0 – 3.3 %

Borderline: 3.4 – 3.9 %
Classical Beta-thalassemia trait: ≥ 4.0 %
Hb F
Normal: < 1.0 % (Adult)

< 2.0 % (One year)
5.0 % (3 months)
2. T & B cell enumeration ( CD4/CD8)
Reference Range
Variables
Converted % Lymph Cells/µl
Total T cells 53 – 79 586.8 – 2984.5
Helper T cells 24 – 46 362.6 – 1481.2
Suppressor T cells 18 – 38 159.6 – 1438.9
Total Lymphocytes 1135.9 – 4343

UJIAN PATOLOGI &amp; Ref. Ranges

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

UJIAN PATOLOGI &amp; Ref. Ranges

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TEST AVAILABLE AT PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT

(ACCORDING TO ALPHABETICAL ORDER)

Core Lab 1.8 ml (Paeds)

Adenocorticotrophic Hormone EDTA tube in

5 Air sampling Microbiology Not Applicable Not applicable Not applicable

9 Allergy Testing (Screening) Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

10 Allergy Testing (Specific) Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

12 Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

15 Amylase Core Lab Heparinised Tube Blood 4 ml

16 Amylase, urine Core Lab Urine Container Random Urine 5 ml

17 Anti HBs EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

Anti Mycoplasma pneumonia

Antifungal Susceptibility Test

Antigen test for cerebrospinal

22 Anti-HBc IgM EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

23 Anti-HBc Total EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

24 Anti-HBe EIA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

27 Anti double-stranded DNA Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

30 Anti-streptolysin 'O' Titre (ASOT) Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

31 Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

33 Anti-Thyroid receptor antibody Microbiology Plain tube Blood 5 ml

Aspirate culture & Not

Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Beta Human Chorionic

40 BK virus (BKV) DNA Quantitation Virology Plain tube Blood,serum 4 ml

Blood culture & sensitivity Aerobic Blood

Blood culture & sensitivity Anaerobic Blood

Blood Film for Malarial parasites

Blood Fungal culture & Blood Fungal

Blood Gases (ABG / VBG) Core Lab

46 BM Aspirate Haematology Smear Bone marrow Not applicable

Body Fluids Biochemistry

Bronchial aspirate culture & Broncheal

50 Caeruloplasmin Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

Cancer Antigen 19.9 tmour Clinical Toxicology

Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

Catecholamines 24 hrs urine

59 CD4/CD8 Enumeration Haematology EDTA tube Blood 2.0 ml

Cerebrospinal fluid culture &

61 Chlamydia pneumoniae antibody Microbiology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

67 Cholinesterase Chemical Pathology Plain Tube Blood 3 ml

CMV - DNA PCR Viral Load Blood (EDTA)/

69 CMV - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

70 CMV - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

Clinical Toxicology Plain tube Blood 3.5 ml

77 Cortisol, serum Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

24 hrs Urine 24 hrs urine

79 C-Peptide Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

Creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-

Creatinine 24hr Peritoneal

24 hrs urine 24 hrs

86 Creatinine Peritoneal Dialysate Core Lab Plain tube Fluid 2 ml

Cryopreservation procedure for Bone marrow or Depends on the

Alcohol fixed and Fine Needle

94 Cytology: Non-gynaecology Cytology Sterile bijou bottle CSF As collected.

Cytology: Pap smear Alcohol fixed

100 Dehydroxyepiendrosteron Chemical Pathology Plain tube Blood 3 ml

103 Dengue - Rapid Test Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

104 Dengue - RNA PCR (Qualitative) 0.5ml /

106 Digoxin Clinical Toxicology Plain tube

109 EBV - IgG ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

110 EBV - IgM ELISA Virology Plain tube Blood 3-5 ml

112 Enterovirus - Antigen Virology Plain tube Blood

UJIAN PATOLOGI & Ref. Ranges

UJIAN PATOLOGI & Ref. Ranges