DAC 11803

STATIC AND DYNAMIC

SEM 1 2021

MJK CeDS
 CHAPTER 5
CENTER OF GRAVITY AND CENTROID

5.1 CENTER OF GRAVITY AND MASS

5.2 CENTROID OF A BODY
5.3 CENTROID FOR COMPOSITE BODIES

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CLO 1,2,3

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F2F NF2F
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 5.1 CENTER OF GRAVITY AND MASS

• Center of Gravity
• Center of Mass
• Centroid

• WHAT THE DIFFERENCES

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 5.1 CENTER OF GRAVITY AND MASS

Center of Gravity
• Have shape W
• Have mass
• Have gravity

On earth surface

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 5.1 CENTER OF GRAVITY AND MASS

Center of Mass
• Have shape
• Have mass
• No gravity

In space

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 5.1 CENTER OF GRAVITY AND MASS

Centroid
• Have shape
• No mass
• No gravity

Only consider shape

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 5.1 CENTER OF GRAVITY AND MASS

Centroid
Foam
Foam

Foam Steel

Center of Mass

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 Center of Gravity
The center of gravity G is a point which locates
the resultant weight of a system of particles.

The weights of the particles is considered to be a

parallel force system. The system of weights can be
replaced by a single weight acting tat the Center of
Gravity.

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 Center of Gravity
The center of gravity G is a point which:
• locates the resultant weight of a system of
particles.

The weights of the particles is considered

to be a parallel force system. The system
of weights can be replaced by a single
weight acting at the Center of Gravity.
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 n
WR Wi Total Weight
i 1

x location:
x R WR ~x W ~x W ~x W ~
xn Wn
1 1 2 2 3 3
W1

W2

y location:
y R WR ~
y1 W1 ~
y 2 W2 ~
y 3 W3 ~
y n Wn
z location:
z R WR ~z W ~z W ~z W ~z W
1 1 2 2 3 3 n n
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 Sum
n
of distance xi X weight
n i n
~x W ~
y i Wi ~z W
i i i i
i 1 i 1 i 1
x n
y n
z n
Wi Wi Wi
i 1 i 1 i 1
Sum of weighti

x, y , z coordinates of the center of gravity

~x , ~
y , ~z coordinates of the i th particle
i i i

Wi weight of the i th particle

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 Center of Mass

n
Replace W with M n n
~x m ~
y im i ~z m
i i i i
i 1 i 1 i 1
x n
y n
z n
mi mi mi
i 1 i 1 i 1

x, y , z coordinates of the center of mass

~x , ~
y , ~z coordinates of the i th particle
i i i

Wi mass of the i th particle

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Center of Gravity and Centroid
for a Body

Consider a body to be a system of

an infinite number of particles

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 Center of Gravity and Centroid
for a Body

Consider a body to be a
system of an infinite
number of particles

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 ~x W ~
y i Wi ~z W
i i i i
i 1 i 1 i 1
x y z
Wi Wi Wi
i 1 i 1 i 1

x, y , z coordinates of the center of gravity

~x , ~
y , ~z coordinates of the i th particle
i i i

Wi weight of the i th particle

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 Integration Method

~x dW ~
y dW ~z dW
x y z
dW dW dW

specific weight of the body

The weight per unit volume
dW dV

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 Center of Gravity of a Body

~x dV ~
y dV ~z dV
V V V
x y z
dV dV dV
V V V

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 CENTROID
The centroid C is a point which defines the
geometric center of an object. Its location can
be determined by formulas similar to those
used for center of gravity or center of mass.

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 Centroid of a Volume

~x dV ~
y dV ~z dV
V V V
x y z
dV dV dV
V V V

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 Centroid of an Area

~x dA ~
y dA ~z dA
A A A
x y z
dA dA dA
A A A

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 Centroid of a Line

~x dL ~
y dL ~z dL
L L L
x y z
dL dL dL
L L L

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 2 2
dL dx dy
2
dx
dL 1 dy
dy
2
x y
dx
2y
dy
2
dL 2y 1 dy
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 1
~xdL x 2y
2
1 dy
L 0
x 1
dL 2
L
2y 1 dy
0
2
x y
1
y2 4y 2 1 dy
0 0.6063
x 1
0.410 m
2 1.479
4y 1 dy
0
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 1
~y dL y 2y
2
1 dy
L 0
y 1
dL 2
L
2y 1 dy
0
1
y 4y 2 1 dy
0 0.8484
y 1
0.574 m
2 1.479
4y 1 dy
0

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 2 2

xdL R cos Rd R 2 cos d

L 0 0 2R
x
dL 2 2

L Rd R d
0 0

2 2

ydL R sin Rd R 2 sin d

L 0 0 2R
y
dL 2 2

L Rd R d
0 0

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 y

y = (h/b) (b - x)

b
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 Strip Method

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 dA x dy
b
dA h y dy
h
~x 1 b h y
2 h
~
y y

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 h
~ b
y dA y h y dy
A 0
h
y h
dA b
A
h y dy
0
h
1 2
bh
6 h
y
1 3
bh
2

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 h
1 b b
x dA h y h y dy
A 0
2 h h
x h
dA b
h y dy
A
0
h
1 2
b h
6 b
x
1 3
b h
2

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 y

Double Integral Method

y = (h/b) (b - x)

h
~
x, ~
y dy

b
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 dA dx dy
~x x
~y y
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 h
(b x)
bb b
~y dA ydydx h2 ( b x ) 2
dx
2
A 0 0 0 2b
y h 1
dA bb
(b x)
2
bh
A
dydx
0 0
b
h2 ( b x ) 2
dx h2 3
2b 2 2 ( b x )
y 0 6b
1 1
2
bh 2
bh
1 2
bh
6 h
y
1 3
bh
2
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 dA y 2 y 1 dx
~x x

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 1
~
x dA x y2 y 1 dx
A 0
x 1
dA
A
y2 y 1 dx
0
1
x x x dx 2 1
x 0 12 0.5 ft
1
2
1
x x dx
6
0

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 dA y2 y 1 dx
~ y2 y1 y2 y1
y y1
2 2

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 1
~y dA y2 y1
y2 y 1 dx
A 0 2
y 1
dA
A
y2 y 1 dx
0
1 2
x x 2 4
x x dx
0 2 60
y 1 1
x x 2 dx
0
6
y 0.4 ft
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 dA x1 x 2 dy
~ x1 x2 x1 x2
x x2
2 2

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 ~
1
x1 x2 1
x12 x12
x dA x1 x 2 dy dy
A 0 2 0 2
x 1 1
dA
A
x1 x 2 dy x1 x 2 dy
0 0

x1 y
x2 y
2
y y2
1 1
y y2
dy dy
0 2 0 2
x 1 1
0.5
y y dy y y dy
0 0

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 dA y2 y 1 dx
~ y2 y1 y2 y1
y y1
2 2

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 1
~y dA y2 y1
y2 y 1 dx
A 0 2
y 1
dA
A
y2 y 1 dx
0
1 2
x x 2 4
x x dx
0 2 60
y 1 1
x x 2 dx
0
6
y 0.4 ft
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