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Diploma of Mechanical Engineering
15FMCE211 – Engineering Fluids and Applications
Assessment 2, Assignment 1
Written Exam
Mylms-week 8
Sunday: Dec. 27th, 2020
48 hours
P3M1, P3M2, P3M3
 This is a open book assessment
 The assessment is an online assignment
 All questions must be answered correctly in order to meet
assessment requirements.

DO NOT WRITE IN THE AREA BELOW

Question Maximum Marks Student Marks

Number
Question 1 4
Question 2 6

Total Mark 10

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Question I (4 Marks)

We have all watched the movie “Titanic” where Jack dies to save the love of his life, Rose, by placing
her on a door as he stays in the freezing water dying slowly. Most of the audience were wondering
why Jack didn’t go on the door too, although there was a plenty of space.
Using Buoyancy, explain why Jack didn’t have any chance to survive and they would have all
sunk. Note that they would survive only if the volume submerged is that of the door.
Given that:
kg
ρdoor =730 3
m
kg
ρ Sea−water=1035 3
m
mrose =55 kg
m Jack =80 kg
Dimensions of the door = 190cm x 90 cm x 12 cm

Data Given From Question:

kg
Density of the door = ρdoor =730
m3

kg
Density of the sea-water = 1035
m3
Mass of Rose = 55 kg

Mass of Jack = 80 kg

Find:

We have to find out the reason that why Jack could not survive and all the people have sunk =?

Solution:

Brief explanation of Buoyancy:

Buoyancy is the reaction force, upward force or upthrust force that the fluid applies to oppose the
weight of partially or completely submerged body.

Mass of door = ρdoor * Volume ∵ Vdoor = 1.9 * 0.9 * 0.12 = 0.2052 m3

kg
Mass of door = 730 * 0.2052 m3
m3

Mass of door = 149.796 kg

Now,

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Buoyancy fore acting on door = Fb = Density of fluid * Volume displaced by fluid * gravity

kg
Buoyancy fore acting on door = Fb = 1035 * 0.2052 m3 * 9.81 m/s2
m3

Fb = 2083.467 N
Now, to determine that both Jack and Rose could have gotten on floating door:
Fg = (mdoor + mRose + mJack) * g
Fg = (149.796 kg + 55 kg + 80 kg) * 9.81 m/s2
Fg(D+R+J) = 2793.467 N
Now, weight of Rose above the door is:
Fg = (mdoor + mRose) * g
Fg = (149.796 kg + 55 kg ) * 9.81 m/s2
Fg(D+R) = 2009.049 N
We can see from above calculations,
Fb < Fg(D+R+J)
Fb > Fg(D+R+)
It is concluded that Rose survived on door because their combined weight (Door + Rose) is less than
buoyancy force. But the weight of all three (Rose + Jack + Door) is more than buoyancy force. If both
Jack and Rose were on the door at the same time, the door would have sunk.

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Question II (6 Marks)

In the figure below, water (RD = 1) flows in a pipe of diameter of 100 mm at point 1 and 50 mm at
point 2. Points 1 and 2 are connected to a manometer of mercury (RD = 13.6).
- If losses are neglected, determine the values of the velocities v1 and v2 (4 points)
- Recalculate the velocities considering that the losses are 0.5 m (2 points)

Data Given From Question:

Diameter of the pipe at point 1 = d1 = 100 mm = 0.1 m
Diameter of the pipe at point 2 = d2 = 50 mm = 0.05 m
ρmercury = 13600 kg/m3
ρwater = 1000 kg/m3
h = 75 mm = 0.075 m

Find:
Velocities at point 1 and 2 = v1 = v2 =?

Solution:
Now, applying equation of continuity
Q1 = Q2 = Q
A1 v1 = A2v2 = Q ∵Q = Av

Substituting values we get,

(100)2 * v1 = (50)2 * v2

4v1 = v2 …….. (1)

P1 + (ρwater) * gh – (ρmercury) *gh – P2 = 0

ΔP = P1 – P2 = (ρmercury - ρwater) * gh

ΔP = (13600 kg/m3 – 1000 kg/m3) * 9.81 m/s2 * 0.075 m

ΔP = 9270.45 N/m2

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Bernoulli’s Equation:
P1 v 21 P2 v 22
+ + z1 = + + z2 + hL ∵ hL = losses
ρg 2g ρg 2g

(a) Case 1, hL = 0, z1 = z2

P 1−P2 v 22−v 21 16 v 21−v 21 15 v 21

= = =
ρg 2g 2g 2g

9270.45 15 v 21
=
1000∗9.81 2∗9.81

0.945 = 0.764525v12

v1 =1.1117 m/ s
Substituting in equation (1) we get,

v 2=4 ( 1.1117 m/s )

v 2=4.4468 m/s

(b) Case 2, hL = 0.5, z1 = z2

P 1−P2 v 22−v 21 16 v 21−v 21 15 v 21

= +h L = +0.5 = + 0.5
ρg 2g 2g 2g

9270.45 15 v 21
=
1000∗9.81 2∗9.81
+0.5

0.945 = 0.764525v12+0.5

0.445 = 0.764525v12
v1 =0.76292 m/ s
Substituting in equation (1) we get,

v 2=4 ( 0.76292 m/s )

v 2=3.05171m/ s

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