MONZON, JESSA MARIE M.

Law- Evening Class

JURISDICTION OF PHILIPPINE COURTS

Municipal Trial Courts/

Supreme Court Court of Appeals Regional Trial Court Family Courts Metropolitan Trial Court/
Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals
Municipal Circuit Trial
Courts
A. Original
Jurisdiction

1. Exclusive Petitions for certiorari, Exclusive original jurisdiction Regional Trial Courts shall Jurisdiction of family Jurisdiction of Metropolitan a. Violations of R.A. 3019 Over tax collection cases
prohibition, and over actions for annulment exercise exclusive original Courts. - The Family Courts Trial Courts, Municipal Trial or the Anti-Graft involving final and
mandamus against of judgements of Regional jurisdiction: (Sec 19 except shall have exclusive original Courts and Municipal Circuit and Corrupt Practices Act executory assessments
appellate courts, namely Trial Courts. (Sec 9 (2) [BP (5) [BP 129]. Jurisdiction in jurisdiction to hear and Trial Courts in civil cases. – for taxes, fees, charges,
(Art VIII, Section 5. (1) 129) civil cases) decide the following cases Metropolitan Trial Courts, b. Violations of R.A. 1379 and penalties; Provided,
1987 Constitution) (Sec. 5. except (a) [RA Municipal Trial Courts, and or An Act Declaring however, that collection
(1) In all civil actions in which 8369] ) Municipal Circuit Trial Forfeiture in Favor of the cases where the principal
a. Court of Appeals, the subject of the litigation is Courts shall exercise State Any amount of taxes and fees.
[Sec. 17, R.A. 296] incapable of pecuniary (Section 33) : Property Found to Have exclusive of charges and
estimation; b) Petitions for Been Unlawfully penalties claimed, is less
b. Commission on guardianship, custody of (1) Exclusive original Acquired by Any Public than P1,000,000 shall be
Elections, [Sec 7, Art. (2) In all civil actions which children, habeas corpus in jurisdiction over civil actions Officer or tried by the proper
IX, Constitution] involve the title to, or relation to the latter; and probate proceedings, Employee and Providing Municipal Trial Court
possession of, real property, c) Petitions for adoption of testate and intestate, for the Metropolitan Trial Court,
c. Commission on or any interest therein, where children and the revocation including the grant of Proceedings Therefor and Regional Trial Court.
Audit, [Sec. 7, Art. IX, the assessed value of the thereof; provisional remedies in
Constitution] property involved exceeds d) Complaints for proper cases, where the c. Bribery (Chapter II,
Twenty thousand pesos annulment of marriage, value of the personal Sec. 2, Title VII, Book
d. Sandiganbayan, (P20,000.00) or for civil declaration of nullity of property, estate, or amount II, RPC), where one or
[P.D. 1606 as actions in Metro Manila, marriage and those relating of the demand does not more of the principal
amended] where such the value to marital status and exceed One hundred accused are occupying
exceeds Fifty thousand pesos property relations of thousand pesos the following
e. Court of Tax (50,000.00) except actions for husband and wife or those (P300,000.00) or, in Metro positions in government,
Appeals (not en banc) forcible entry into and living together under Manila where such personal whether in a
(if en banc,SC in unlawful detainer of lands or different status and property, estate, or amount permanent, acting or
appellate jurisdiction) buildings, original jurisdiction agreements, and petitions of the demand does not interim capacity, at
over which is conferred upon for dissolution of conjugal exceed Two hundred the time of the
Metropolitan Trial Courts, partnership of gains; thousand pesos commission of the offense
Municipal Trial Courts, and e) Petitions for support (P400,000.00) exclusive of
Municipal Circuit Trial Courts; and/or acknowledgment; interest damages of 1. Officials of the
f) Summary judicial whatever kind, attorney's executive branch
(3) In all actions in admiralty proceedings brought under fees, litigation expenses, occupying the positions of
and maritime jurisdiction the provisions of Executive and costs, the amount of regional
where he demand or claim Order No. 209, otherwise which must be specifically director and higher,
exceeds One hundred known as the "Family Code alleged: Provided, That otherwise
thousand pesos of the Philippines"; where there are several classified as Grade 27
(P300,000.00) or , in Metro g) Petitions for declaration claims or causes of action and higher, of
Manila, where such demand of status of children as between the same or the Compensation and
or claim exceeds Two abandoned, dependent o different parties, embodied Position
hundred thousand pesos neglected children, petitions in the same complaint, the Classification Act of 1989
(400,000.00); for voluntary or involuntary amount of the demand shall (R.A. 6758),
commitment of children; the be the totality of the claims specifically including:
(4) In all matters of probate, suspension, termination, or in all the causes of action, ● Provincial governors,
both testate and intestate, restoration of parental irrespective of whether the vicegovernors, members
where the gross value of the authority and other cases causes of action arose out of the sangguniang
estate exceeds One hundred cognizable under of the same or different panlalawigan, and
thousand pesos Presidential Decree No. transactions; provincial treasurers,
(P300,000.00) or, in probate 603, Executive Order No.
matters in 56, (Series of 1986), and
other related laws;
 Metro Manila, where such (2) Exclusive original assessors, engineers, and
gross value exceeds Two h) Petitions for the jurisdiction over cases of other provincial
hundred thousand pesos constitution of the family forcible entry and unlawful department heads
(400,000.00); home; detainer: Provided, That ● City mayors, vice
i) Cases against minors when, in such cases, the mayors, members of the
(6) In all cases not within the cognizable under the defendant raises the sangguniang panlungsod,
exclusive jurisdiction of any Dangerous Drugs Act, as question of ownership in his city treasurers, assessors,
court, tribunal, person or body amended; pleadings and the question engineers, and other city
exercising jurisdiction or any j) Violations of Republic Act of possession cannot be department heads
court, tribunal, person or body No. 7610, otherwise known resolved without deciding ● Officials of the
exercising judicial or quasi- as the "Special Protection the issue of ownership, the diplomatic service
judicial functions; of Children Against Child issue of ownership shall be occupying the position of
Abuse, Exploitation and resolved only to determine consul and higher
(7) In all civil actions and Discrimination Act," as the issue of possession. ● Philippine army and air
special proceedings falling amended by Republic Act force colonels, naval
within the exclusive original No. 7658; and (3) Exclusive original captains, and all officers
jurisdiction of the Courts of jurisdiction in all civil actions of higher rank;
Agrarian Relations as now k) Cases of domestic which involve title to, or ● Officers of the
provided by law; and violence against: possession of, real property, Philippine National Police
1) Women - which are acts or any interest therein where while occupying the
(8) In all other cases in which of gender based violence the assessed value of the position of provincial
the demand, exclusive of that results, or are likely to property or interest therein director and those
interest, damages of result in physical, sexual or does not exceed Twenty holding the rank of senior
whatever kind, attorney's psychological harm or thousand pesos superintendent and higher
fees, litigation expenses, and suffering to women; and (P20,000.00) or, in civil ● City and provincial
costs or the value of the other forms of physical actions in Metro Manila, prosecutors and
property in controversy abuse such as battering or where such assessed value their assistants, and
exceeds One hundred threats and coercion which does not exceed Fifty officials and prosecutors
thousand pesos (300,000.00) violate a woman's thousand pesos in the Office of the
or, in such other personhood, integrity and (P50,000.00) exclusive of Ombudsman and special
abovementioned items freedom movement; and interest, damages of prosecutor;
exceeds Two hundred whatever kind, attorney's ● Presidents, directors or
thousand pesos (400,000.00). 2) Children - which include fees, litigation expenses and trustees, or managers of
(as amended by R.A. No. the commission of all forms costs: Provided, That value government-owned or
7691*) of abuse, neglect, cruelty, of such property shall be controlled corporations,
exploitation, violence, and determined by the assessed state universities or
(9) All actions involving the discrimination and all other value of the adjacent lots. educational institutions or
contract of marriage and conditions prejudicial to (as amended by R.A. No. foundations
family relations [Sec. 19(5), their development. 7691)
B.P. 129, as amended by If an act constitutes a 2. Members of Congress
R.A. 7691], and all civil criminal offense, the (4) Inclusion and exclusion and officials thereof
actions and special accused or batterer shall be of voters [Sec. 49, Omnibus classified as Grade 27
proceedings falling within subject to criminal Election Code] and up under R.A. 6758
exclusive original jurisdiction proceedings and the
of Juvenile and Domestic corresponding penalties. 3. Members of the
Relations Court [Sec. 19(7), Judiciary without
B.P. 129, as amended by If any question involving prejudice to the provisions
R.A. 7691] any of the above matters of the Constitution
should arise as an incident
Note: This jurisdiction is in any case pending in the 4. Chairmen and
deemed modified by Sec. 5, regular courts, said incident Members of the
R.A. 8369, the law shall be determined in that Constitutional
establishing the Family court. Commissions without
Courts. However, in areas prejudice to the provisions
where there are no Family of the Constitution
Courts, the cases within their
jurisdiction shall be 5. All other national and
adjudicated by the RTC [Sec. local officials classified as
17, R.A. 8369 Grade 27 and higher
 (10) Intra-corporate under R.A. 6758
controversies
d. Other offenses or
(11). Petitions for declaratory felonies whether simple or
relief [Sec. 1,Rule 63] complexed with other
crimes committed by the
(12) Cases originally falling public officials and
within the exclusive original employees mentioned in
jurisdiction of the subsection a. of section 4
Sandiganbayan where the (as amended) in relation
information: to their office

1.Does not allege any e. Civil and criminal cases

damage to the
government or any bribery; or
2. Alleges damage to the
government or bribery arising
from the same or closely
related transactions or acts in
an amount not exceeding P1
million. [Sec. 4, P.D. 1606, as
amended by R.A. 10660]
filed pursuant to and in
connection with E.O. Nos.
1, 2,14-A
f. Petitions for mandamus,
prohibition, certiorari,
habeas corpus,
injunctions, and other
ancillary writs and
processes in aid of its
appellate jurisdiction, and
petitions of similar nature,
including quo warranto,
arising or that may arise
in cases filed or which
may be filed under
Executive Order Nos. 1,
2, 14 and 14-A, issued in
1986

2. Concurrent (a). With the Court of Appeals over petitions for

certiorari, prohibition and mandamus against:

a) Regional Trial Courts

b) Civil Service Commission
c) Central Board of Assessments Appeals
d) National Labor Relations Commission
e) Other quasi judicial agencies

Note: Although there is concurrent jurisdiction as the

Constitution grants this to the SC, SC A.M. No. 07-7-12
issued on 4 December 2007 provides that if the
petition involves an
act/omission of a Quasi-Judicial Agency, the petition
shall only be cognizable by the CA and must be filed
there.

(b). Quo Warranto petitions,

(c). Writ of Habeas Corpus,
(d). Writ of Amparo,
(e). Writ of Habeas Data, and
(f). Writ of KaIikasan. [Sec. 3, Rule 7, Part 3, Rules of
Procedure for Environmental Cases]
 With the Court of Appeals and Regional Trial Court
a. Petitions for certiorari, prohibition, and mandamus against lower courts
b. Quo Warranto petitions
c. Writ of Habeas Corpus
d. Writ of Amparo, and
e. Writ of Habeas Data

With the RTC: With the SC:

 Exercise original  Exercise original
jurisdiction over jurisdiction over cases
cases affecting affecting
ambassadors, ambassadors, other
other public public ministers and
ministers and consuls
consuls

With Sandiganbayan: With Sandiganbayan: With the SC and Court of

Appeals:
a. Writ of Amparo, and a. Writ of Amparo, and
b. Writ of Habeas Data. b. Writ of Habeas Data. a. Writ of Amparo, and
b. Writ of Habeas Data.

B. Appellate Petitions for review on Sec 9 (3) [BP 129]. Section 22. Appellate The Sandiganbayan shall 1. Exclusive appellate
Jurisdiction certiorari against: 1. Ordinary Appeals: jurisdiction. – Regional Trial exercise exclusive jurisdiction in tax
a. Exclusive appellate Courts shall exercise appellate jurisdiction over collection cases:
1. Court of Appeals jurisdiction over all final appellate jurisdiction over all final judgments, a. Over appeals from
judgments, resolutions, cases decided by resolutions or orders of the judgements,
2. Court of Tax orders or awards of Metropolitan Trial Courts, the RTC, whether in the resolutions or orders
Appeals Regional Trial Courts * Municipal Trial Courts, and exercise of their own of the Regional Trial
Municipal Circuit Trial Courts original jurisdiction or of Courts in tax
3. Sandiganbayan b. Over decisions of the in their respective territorial their appellate jurisdiction, collection cases
MTCs in cadastral or land jurisdictions. Such cases shall as herein provided originally decided by
4. Regional Trial registration cases pursuant be decided on the basis of [Sec. 4, P.D. 1606, as them, in their
Courts involving to its delegated jurisdiction. the entire record of the amended by R.A. 10660] respective territorial
cases on –Art VIII, [Sec. 34, B.P. 129, as proceedings had in the court jurisdiction.
Sec 5 (2) amended by R.A. 7691] of origin and such b. Over petitions for
memoranda and/or briefs as review of the
2.Appeal by Petition for may be submitted by the judgments,
A. Pure questions Review from: parties or required by the resolutions, or orders
of law [Sec. 1, Regional Trial Courts. The of the Regional Trial
Rule 45] and quasi-judicial agencies, decision of the Regional Trial Courts in the
instrumentalities, boards or Courts in such cases shall be exercise of their
B. Cases falling commission, including the appealable by petition for appellate jurisdiction
under Sec. 5, Securities and Exchange review to the over tax collection
Art.VIII, Commission, the Social cases originally
Constitution: Security Commission, the Court of Appeals which may decided by the
Employees Compensation give it due course only when Metropolitan Trial
(a) All cases in Commission and the Civil the petition shows prima facie Courts, Municipal
which the Service Commission, that the lower court has Trial Courts, and the
constitutionality committed an error of fact or Municipal Circuit Trial
or validity of any 3.. Petitions for review from law that will warrant a Courts, in their
treaty, the RTC to cases appealed reversal or modification of the respective
international or thereto from the lower courts decision or judgment sought jurisdictions.
executive to be reviewed.
agreement, law, Note: 2. Exclusive appellate
presidential * Except those falling within jurisdiction to review by
decree, the appellate jurisdiction of appeal:
 proclamation, the Supreme Court in
order, accordance with the a. Decision of the
instruction, Constitution, the Labor Code Commissioner of
ordinance, or of the Philippines under Internal Revenue in
regulation is in Presidential Decree No. 442, cases involving
question. as amended, the provisions disputed
of this Act, and of assessments,
(b) All cases subparagraph (1) of the third refunds of internal
involving the paragraph and revenue taxes, fees,
legality of any subparagraph 4 of the fourth or other charges,
tax, impost, paragraph od Section 17 of penalties in relation
assessment, or the Judiciary Act of 1948. thereto, or other
toll, or any matters arising under
penalty the National Internal
imposed in 3. From decisions of the Revenue Code or
relation thereto. Office of the other laws
Ombudsman in administered by the
(c) All cases in administrative Bureau of Internal
which the disciplinary cases Revenue.
jurisdiction of b. Inaction by the
any lower court Commissioner of
is in issue. Internal Revenue in
cases involving
(d) (d) All criminal disputed
cases in which assessments,
the penalty refunds of internal
imposed is revenue taxes, fees,
reclusion or other charges,
perpetua or penalties in relation
higher. thereto, or other
matters arising under
(e) (e) All cases in the National Internal
which only an Revenue Code or
error or other laws
question of law administered by the
is involved. Bureau of Internal
Revenue, where the
5. CTA in its decisions National Internal
rendered en banc Revenue Code
provides a specific
6. MTC in the exercise period of action, in
of their delegated which case the
jurisdiction, where inaction shall be
the decision, had it deemed a denial.
been rendered by c. Decision, orders or
RTC, would be resolutions of the
appealable directly Regional Trial Courts
to the SC. [Sec. 34, in the local tax cases
B.P. 129, as originally decided oy
amended] Such is resolved by them in
the case because the exercise of their
the MTC, when original or appellate
acting under jurisdiction.
delegated d. Decisions of the
jurisdiction, is Commissioner of
deemed to be acting Customs in cases
as an RTC. involving liability for
customs duties, fees,
or other money
charges, seizure,
 detention or release
of property affected,
fines, forfeitures or
other penalties in
relation thereto, or
other matters arising
under the Customs
Law or other laws
administered by the
Bureau of Customs.
e. Decisions of the
Central Board of
Assessment
Appeals, in the
exercise of its
appellate jurisdiction,
over cases involving
the assessment and
taxation of real
property originally
decided by the
provincial or city
board of assessment
appeals.
f. Decisions of the
Secretary of Finance
on customs duties
elevated to him
automatically for
review from
decisions of the
Commissioner of
Customs which
are adverse to the
Government under
Sec. 2315 of the
Tariff and Customs
Code.
g. Decisions of the
Secretary of Trade
and Industry in the
case of
nonagricultural
product, commodity,
or
article, and the
Secretary of
Agriculture
in the case of an
agricultural product,
commodity, or article
involving
dumping and
countervailing duties
under Secs. 301 and
302, respectively,
of the Tariff and
Customs Code, and
safeguard measures
under RA 8800,
 where either party
may appeal the
decision to impose or
not to impose
said duties

Delegated Section 34. Delegated

Jurisdiction jurisdiction in cadastral and
land registration cases. –
Metropolitan Trial Courts,
Municipal Trial Courts, and
Municipal Circuit Trial
Courts may be assigned by
the Supreme Court to hear
and determine cadastral or
land registration cases
covering lots where there is
no controversy or
opposition, or contested lots
the where the value of which
does not exceed One
hundred thousand pesos
(P100,000.00), such value
to be ascertained by the
affidavit of the claimant or
by agreement of the
respective claimants if there
are more than one, or from
the corresponding tax
declaration of the real
property. Their decisions in
these cases shall be
appealable in the same
manner as decisions of the
Regional Trial Courts. (as
amended by R.A. No. 7691)

Special Section 23. Special Section 35. Special

Jurisdiction jurisdiction to try special jurisdiction in certain cases.
cases. – The Supreme Court – In the absence of all the
may designate certain Regional Trial Judges in a
branches of the Regional province or city, any
Trial Courts to handle Metropolitan Trial Judge,
exclusively criminal cases, Municipal Trial Judge,
juvenile and domestic Municipal Circuit Trial Judge
relations cases, agrarian may hear and decide
cases, urban land reform petitions for a writ of habeas
cases which do not fall under corpus or applications for
the jurisdiction of quasi- bail in criminal cases in the
judicial bodies and agencies, province or city where the
and/or such other special absent Regional Trial
cases as the Supreme Court Judges sit.
may determine in the interest
of a speedy and efficient
administration of justice.
Jurisdiction in Sec 18 (3) (Art VII, 187 Section 36. Summary
other cases Consitution) The procedures in special cases.
Supreme Court may – In Metropolitan Trial
review, in an Courts and Municipal Trial
appropriate proceeding Courts with at least two
filed by any citizen, the branches, the Supreme
sufficiency of the factual Court may designate one or
basis of the more branches thereof to try
proclamation of martial exclusively forcible entry
law or the suspension and unlawful detainer cases,
of the privilege of the those involving violations of
writ or the extension traffic laws, rules and
thereof. regulations, violations of the
rental law, and such other
cases requiring summary
Sec 4 (last par) (Art VII, disposition as the Supreme
1987 Constitution) Court may determine. The
The Supreme Court Supreme Court shall adopt
sitting en banc, shall be special rules or procedures
the sole judge of all applicable to such cases in
contests relating to the order to achieve an
election, returns and expeditious and inexpensive
qualifications of the determination thereof
president or vice without regard to technical
president, and may rules. Such simplified
promulgate rules for the procedures may provide that
purpose. affidavits and counter-
affidavits may be admitted in
lieu of oral testimony and
that the periods for filing
pleadings shall be non-
extendible.