Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IRU%DVH6WDWLRQ$SSOLFDWLRQV
;LDRIDQ&KHQ:HQKXD&KHQ4LDQ=KDQJ)DGKHO0*KDQQRXFKLDQG=KHQJKH)HQJ
'HSDUWPHQWRI(OHFWURQLF(QJLQHHULQJ7VLQJKXD8QLYHUVLW\%HLMLQJ&KLQD
L5DGLR/DE'HSDUWPHQWRI(OHFWULFDODQG&RPSXWHU(QJLQHHULQJ6FKXOLFK6FKRRORI(QJLQHHULQJ
8QLYHUVLW\RI&DOJDU\&DOJDU\$%711&DQDGD
$EVWUDFW ² 7KLV SDSHU SUHVHQWV D KLJKSRZHU &RQWLQXRXV RSHUDWLRQ IUHTXHQF\ FOLPELQJ XS WKH LPSDFW IURP ,QWHUQDO
PRGH 'RKHUW\ 3RZHU $PSOLILHU &'3$ IRU EDVHVWDWLRQ 3DUDVLWLF1HWZRUNV,31VLQFUHDVHV$VDUHVXOWWKHRSWLPL]HG
DSSOLFDWLRQV %\ XWLOL]LQJ GHHPEHGGHG PRGHOV RI DFWLYH GHYLFHV
DQG DOORZLQJ WKH WZR WUDQVLVWRUV PRGXODWH HDFK RWKHU DW
LPSHGDQFHV =ER PHDVXUHG DW WKH GHYLFH SDFNDJH LV KLJKO\
KDUPRQLF IUHTXHQFLHV WKH SURSRVHG &'3$ H[KLELWV LPSURYHG GHSHQGHQW RQ IUHTXHQF\ HYLGHQWO\ LQFUHDVLQJ WKH FRPSOH[LW\
SRZHU HIILFLHQF\ DQG EDQGZLGWK %DVHG RQ WKH SURSRVHG RI GHVLJQ 6HFRQGO\ EXW PRUH VXEVWDQWLDOO\ LQ FRQYHQWLRQDO
WHFKQLTXH D GHPRQVWUDWLQJ :DWW &'3$ZDVGHVLJQHGRYHU '3$V LVRODWLRQ EHWZHHQ WKH WZR WUDQVLVWRUV DUH UHTXLUHG DW
*+]EDQG$FFRUGLQJWRWKHPHDVXUHGUHVXOWVRYHUWKH KDUPRQLFIUHTXHQFLHVDQGDFFRUGLQJO\WKHPDWFKLQJQHWZRUNV
*+] EDQGZLGWK WKH GHVLJQHG '3$ JHQHUDWHV G%P
SRZHUDWVDWXUDWLRQDQGH[KLELWVGUDLQHIILFLHQF\DW LQ )LJD VKRXOG EH GHVLJQHG WR SHUIRUP KDUPRQLF
G%SRZHUEDFNRII%27RWKHEHVWRIWKHDXWKRUV¶NQRZOHGJH VXSSUHVVLQJDQGWXQLQJ +RZHYHULQKLJKSRZHU'3$V VXFK
WKLVLVWKHVWDWHRIWKHDUWSHUIRUPDQFHRIKLJKSRZHUEURDGEDQG KDUPRQLF FRQVLGHUDWLRQV HYLGHQWO\LQFUHDVHWKHFRPSOH[LW\RI
'3$VIRUEDVHVWDWLRQDSSOLFDWLRQV)XUWKHUPRUHXVLQJD0+] WKH PDWFKLQJ QHWZRUN OHDGLQJ WR D KLJK IXQGDPHQWDO SKDVH
G%3$35/7(VLJQDOWKHIDEULFDWHG'3$ZDVPHDVXUHGDQG VKLIWLQJDQGFRQVHTXHQWO\DUHGXFHGEDQGZLGWK
OLQHDUL]HG RYHU WKH IXOOEDQG YHULI\LQJ LWV DELOLW\ RI EHLQJ
OLQHDUL]HG
,QGH[7HUPV²EURDGEDQGZLGHEDQGSRZHUDPSOLILHUV*D1
'RKHUW\KLJKHIILFLHQF\FRQWLQXRXVPRGH
, ,1752'8&7,21
7RGD\ WKH GLYHUVLW\ RI PRGHUQ FRPPXQLFDWLRQ VWDQGDUGV
SUHVHQWV LQFUHDVLQJ UHTXLUHPHQWV RQ 3RZHU $PSOLILHUV 3$V
ZKLFKFDQKDQGOHKLJK3RZHU3HDNWR$YHUDJH5DWLR3$35
DQGZLGHIUHTXHQF\EDQGVLPXOWDQHRXVO\,QWKLVFDVH'RKHUW\
3$V'3$VDUHEHOLHYHGWREHDSURPLVLQJFDQGLGDWHLQEDVH
VWDWLRQ DSSOLFDWLRQV DQG LQ UHFHQW \HDUV PDQ\ HIIRUWV KDYH
EHHQPDGHWRLPSURYH'3$V¶EDQGZLGWKDQGHIILFLHQF\>@
+RZHYHU DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH SUHYLRXVO\ UHSRUWHG EURDGEDQG
'3$V GHVLJQHG IRU EDVHVWDWLRQ DSSOLFDWLRQV WKH RXWSXW
VDWXUDWHGSRZHUZDVW\SLFDOO\OLPLWHGWREHORZ:DWWRUOHVV
>@7RPHHWEDVHVWDWLRQLQGXVWU\¶VXUJHQWUHTXLUHPHQWVRQ
KLJKSRZHU EURDGEDQG '3$V XS WR :DWW RU KLJKHU D
QRYHOKLJKSRZHU&RQWLQXRXVPRGH'RKHUW\3RZHU$PSOLILHU
&'3$ZLOOEHSURSRVHGLQWKLVSDSHUWRLQFUHDVHEURDGEDQG
'3$V¶SRZHUDQGEDQGZLGWK%:VLPXOWDQHRXVO\
,, 7+(25<2)+,*+32:(5&'3$
,Q UHFHQW \HDUV VHYHUDO WHFKQLTXHV KDYH EHHQ SURSRVHG WR
LPSURYH'3$¶VEDQGZLGWKDQGQRZDGD\VDVXFFHVVIXOGHVLJQ )LJD&RQYHQWLRQDOEURDGEDQG'3$DQGE7KHSURSRVHGKLJKSRZHU&
RI EURDGEDQG '3$ W\SLFDOO\ UHTXLUHV XWLOL]LQJ WKHVH '3$VKRZLQJGHVLUHGIXQGDPHQWDO%DFNRII%2LPSHGDQFHPDWFKLQJ
WHFKQLTXHV HIIHFWLYHO\ DV VKRZQ LQ )LJD +RZHYHU LW KDV
7KHSURSRVHGKLJKSRZHU&'3$LVVKRZQLQ)LJE$V
EHHQ SURYHQ WKDW LW LV GLIILFXOW WR LPSOHPHQW KLJKSRZHU
VKRZQ LQ )LJE WKH GHVLJQ LV EDVHG RQ WKH 'HHPEHGGHG
EURDGEDQG '3$V FRYHULQJ PDLQVWUHDP FRPPXQLFDWLRQ EDQGV
'HYLFH0RGHO''0RIWKHDFWLYHGHYLFHVZLWKWKH,QWHUQDO
EDVHG RQ WKH FRQYHQWLRQDO EURDGEDQG '3$ WHFKQLTXHV 7KH 3DUDVLWLF 1HWZRUN ,31 DEVRUEHG LQWR WKH )XQGDPHQWDO
UHDVRQFDQEHREVHUYHGIURP)LJD)LUVWO\ZKHQSRZHURU 0DWFKLQJ DQG 'HOD\LQJ 1HWZRUNV )0'1V 'LIIHUHQW IURP
6WHS5HSRQVH9ROWDJHLQP9
IUHTXHQF\ ) ZLWKRXW DQ\ KDUPRQLF FRQVLGHUDWLRQV ,Q WKLV
ZD\WKH)0'1VFDQEHHYLGHQWO\VLPSOLILHGOHDGLQJWRDORZ
JURXSGHOD\DQGFRQVHTXHQWO\DQLPSURYHGEDQGZLGWK2QWKH
RWKHUKDQGLQWKHSURSRVHG&'3$LQ)LJEWKHKDUPRQLF
WXQLQJ LV SXVKHG EDFNZDUG WR WKH 3RVW +DUPRQLF 7XQLQJ
1HWZRUN 3+71 ZKLFK FDQ EH V\QWKHVL]HG XVLQJ FRPSOH[
7DUJHWGHYLFH
FLUFXLW VWUXFWXUHV ZLWKRXW FRPSURPLVLQJ ZLWK IXQGDPHQWDO 9GHY
SKDVH VKLIWLQJ OHDGLQJ WR LPSURYHG SHUIRUPDQFH LQ WHUPV RI 0RGHOHG,31
9PRG
SRZHUDQGHIILFLHQF\,QWKHUHVWSDUWRIWKHSDSHUWKHGHVLJQ
PHWKRGRIWKHSURSRVHG&'3$ZLOOEHGHPRQVWUDWHGLQGHWDLO
7LPHQ6
D E
)LJ D 6LPXODWHG VWHS UHVSRQVH RI WKH PRGHOHG ,31 DQG E VLPXODWHG
,,,&,5&8,7'(6,*1 IXQGDPHQWDO ORDGSXOO FRQWRXUV RI GHHPEHGGHG PRGHO ZLWK QG DQG UG
KDUPRQLFVVKRUWHGGUDZQRQD2KP6PLWK&KDUW
,Q WKLV VHFWLRQ WKH GHVLJQ PHWKRG RI WKH SURSRVHG KLJK
SRZHU&'3$VZLOOEHGHPRQVWUDWHGE\GHVLJQLQJD:DWW B. Synthesis of the FMDNs with offset F0
&'3$RYHU*+]EDQGXVLQJWZR:ROIVSHHG¶V9
6G%
:*D1+(07V&*+9
)XQGDPHQWDO
QG+DUPRQLF
6G%
UG+DUPRQLF
A. Time-domain de-embedding of high-power transistors.
$V H[SODLQHG LQ 6HFWLRQ ,, WKH GHVLJQ RI WKH SURSRVHG
)XQGDPHQWDO
KLJKSRZHU &'3$ LV KLJKO\ GHSHQGHQW RQ WKH GHHPEHGGHG
)UHTXHQF\*+]
6'HJUHH
UG +DUPRQLF
GRQRWSURYLGHWKHLQWHUQDOGHWDLOVRIWKHLUKLJKSRZHUGHYLFHV
,QWKLVSDSHUDVLPSOHDQGSUHFLVHWLPHGRPDLQGHHPEHGGLQJ QG +DUPRQLF )XQGDPHQWDO
WHFKQLTXH RI KLJKSRZHU GHYLFHV LV SURSRVHG DV VKRZQ LQ
9 D F
9 &*+9 %LDV7 0RGHOHG,31
)LJ)UHTXHQF\ UHVSRQVHRIWKH V\QWKHVL]HGFRPSRVLWHG)0'1LQFOXGLQJ
''0 9GHY
,31 9PRG D 6 RQ D = RKP 6PLWK &KDUW E 6 LQ G% DQG F WKH SKDVH
>6@ UHVSRQVHRI6LQGHJUHHV
¡ ¡
%DVHGRQWKHPRGHOHG,31DQGGHULYHG5RSW 2KPDQ
([WHUQDO)0'1()0'1FDQEHV\QWKHVL]HGWRSHUIRUPWKH
EURDGEDQG %2 PDWFKLQJ IURP VHOHFWHG =S 2KP WR
D E
)LJ 7KH SURSRVHG 7LPHGRPDLQ GHHPEHGGLQJ RI SRZHU WUDQVLVWRUV
5RSW 2KP DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ 7KH IUHTXHQF\ UHVSRQVH
VKRZLQJ D WKH WDUJHW GHYLFH XQGHU EDFNZDUG VWHS VWLPXOXV DQG E WKH RI WKH FRPSRVLWHG )0'1 LV VKRZQ LQ )LJ ,GHDOO\ WKH
PRGHOHG,317KHFDSDFLWRUYDOXHV DUHLQS) DQGLQGXFWRUYDOXHVDUHLQS+ )0'1 LV GHVLUHG WR OHW DOO KDUPRQLF FRPSRQHQWV JR WKURXJK
7KHULVHWLPHRIVWHSVRXUFHVLVSVDQGWKHOHYHOLVP9
>@ +RZHYHU DFFRUGLQJ WR )LJE WKH V\QWKHVL]HG )0'1
$V VKRZQ LQ )LJD WKH WDUJHW GHYLFH LV WXUQHG RII E\ H[KLELWV D ORZSDVVOLNH 6 PDLQO\ GXH WR WKH ORZSDVV
SXOOLQJ GRZQ WKH JDWH YROWDJH DQG GULYHQ EDFNZDUG XVLQJ D FKDUDFWHULVWLF RI,31$VDUHVXOWLW FDQ EHSUHGLFWHGWKDW WKH
WLPHGRPDLQVWHSVWLPXOXVDQGWKHVWHSYROWDJHUHVSRQVH9GHY WXQLQJ HIIHFW RI WKH 3+71¶V KDUPRQLF LPSHGDQFHV ZLOO EH
FDQ EH PHDVXUHG %DVHG RQ D ORZSDVV ,31 PRGHO )LJE UHGXFHG DW KLJKHU EDQG 7R FRPSHQVDWH VXFK UHGXFWLRQ WKH
WKH VWHS UHVSRQVH 9GHY FDQ EH DSSURDFKHG XVLQJ 9PRG E\ IXQGDPHQWDOFHQWHUIUHTXHQF\)LVPRYHGWRZDUGWKHKLJKHU
DGMXVWLQJ WKH FRPSRQHQW YDOXHV LQ WKH PRGHO 7KH VWHS HQGRIWKHEDQGWR*+]DVFDQEHVHHQIURP)LJF
UHVSRQVH RI WKH WDUJHW GHYLFH DQG PRGHOHG ,31 DUH VKRZQ LQ C. Post harmonic load-pull and synthesis of the PHTN
)LJDLQGLFDWLQJJRRGDJUHHPHQW8VLQJWKH PRGHOHG,31
WKH GHYLFH FDQ EH GHHPEHGGHG $ IXQGDPHQWDO ORDGSXOO LV *LYHQ WKHV\QWKHVL]HG )0'1V SRVW KDUPRQLF ORDGSXOOV
SHUIRUPHGXVLQJWKHGHHPEHGGHGPRGHO''0ZLWKQGDQG FDQEHSHUIRUPHGDQGWKH3+71FDQEHV\QWKHVL]HGEDVHGRQ
UGKDUPRQLFVVKRUWHGWRYHULI\WKHGHHPEHGGLQJDVVKRZQLQ WKH ORDGSXOO UHVXOWV DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ 7KH WXQLQJ HIIHFW RI
)LJE $V VKRZQ LQ )LJE WKH ''0 LV VDWLVIDFWRU\ DQG 3+71¶VKDUPRQLFLPSHGDQFHVDUHVKRZQLQ)LJLQGLFDWLQJ
WKH5RSWFDQEHUHDGDVFRQVWDQW2KPIURP0+] WKHHYLGHQWLQIOXHQFHIURP3+71¶VKDUPRQLFLPSHGDQFHV
>@ '3$ î:*D1
>@ '3$ î:*D1
>@ &'3$ î:*D1
7KLV &'3$ î:*D1
D E F
38)LVGHILQHGDVPHDVXUHGVDWXUDWLRQSRZHUGHYLFHV¶QRPLQDOVDWXUDWHGSRZHU 8QSDFNDJHG*D1EDUHGLH 3RZHU$GGHG(IILFLHQF\3$(
(IILFLHQF\ '( DQG JDLQ DUH VKRZQ LQ )LJ $FFRUGLQJ WR
)LJ WKH GHVLJQHG &'3$ H[KLELWV JRRG OLQHDULW\ DQG
HIILFLHQF\ 0RUH GHWDLOHG PHDVXUHG UHVXOWV DUH VXPPDUL]HG
DQGFRPSDUHGZLWKUHFHQWZRUNVLQ7DEOH,
$YHUDJH(IILFLHQ\
'UDLQ(IILFLHQF\
%HVWFDVH
:RUVWFDVH
7XQLQJZLQGRZRI3+71
VKDUPRQLFLPSHGDQFHV *+] *+]
ZV\QWKHVL]HG3+71 *+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
)UHTXHQF\0+] *+] *+]
*+]
QG UG
)LJ7XQLQJHIIHFWRI3+71¶V DQG KDUPRQLFLPSHGDQFHV6LPXODWHG *+] *+] *+]
*+] *+]
XVLQJD0+]G%3$35/7(VLJQDO *+]
*+] *+]
,9 0($685(0(176 2XWSXW3RZHUG%P
%DVHGRQWKHGHVLJQHGFLUFXLWDSURWRW\SHRIWKH&'3$ D
ZDV IDEULFDWHG DQG PHDVXUHG DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ ,Q WKLV
VHFWLRQ PHDVXUHG &RQWLQXRXV :DYH &: DQG PRGXODWHG
UHVXOWVZLOOEHJLYHQ
*DLQG%
*+]
*+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
*+] *+] *+]
2XWSXW3RZHUG%P
E
)LJ0HDVXUHG&:SHUIRUPDQFHRIWKHIDEULFDWHG&'3$LQFOXGLQJD
GUDLQHIILFLHQF\DQGEJDLQ
>@ ;+)DQJDQG..0&KHQJ³,PSURYLQJSRZHUXWLOL]DWLRQIDFWRURI
EURDGEDQG'RKHUW\DPSOLILHUE\XVLQJEDQGSDVVDX[LOLDU\WUDQVIRUPHU´
IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. YRO QR SS ±
>@ -3DQJ6+H&+XDQJ='DL-3HQJDQG)<RX³$SRVWPDWFKLQJ
'RKHUW\ SRZHU DPSOLILHU HPSOR\LQJ ORZRUGHU LPSHGDQFH LQYHUWHUV IRU
0HDVXUHG(IILFLHQF\ EURDGEDQGDSSOLFDWLRQV´ IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn.YRO
6LPXODWHG(IILFLHQF\ QRSS±'HF
0HDVXUHG3RZHU >@ ;&KHQ:&KHQ)0*KDQQRXFKL=)HQJ</LX$%URDGEDQG
'RKHUW\ 3RZHU$PSOLILHU %DVHGRQ&RQWLQXRXV0RGH7HFKQRORJ\ LQ
6LPXODWHG3RZHU
,((( 7UDQVDFWLRQV RQ 0LFURZDYH 7KHRU\ DQG 7HFKQLTXHV YRO33
QRSS
)UHTXHQF\0+]
D
$&35G%F
0HDVXUHG$&35/HIWDIWHU'3'
0HDVXUHG$&355LJKWDIWHU'3'
0HDVXUHG$&35/HIWEHIRUH'3'
0HDVXUHG$&355LJKWEHIRUH'3'
)UHTXHQF\0+]
E
)LJ0HDVXUHGPRGXODWLRQUHVXOWVLQFOXGLQJDRXWSXWSRZHUDQGHIILFLHQF\
DQGE$&35
9&21&/86,21
,Q WKLV SDSHU D KLJKSRZHU &'3$ LV SURSRVHG WR
LPSOHPHQW KLJKSRZHU EURDGEDQG '3$V %DVHG RQ WKH
SURSRVHG WHFKQLTXH D :DWW EURDGEDQG &'3$ LV
GHPRQVWUDWHGRYHU*+]$FFRUGLQJWRWKHFRPSDULVRQ
LQ 7DEOH ,, WR RXU EHVW NQRZOHGJH LW LV WKH VWDWHRIWKHDUW
SHUIRUPDQFHRIEURDGEDQG'3$VIRUEDVHVWDWLRQDSSOLFDWLRQV
$&.12:/('*(0(17
7KLVZRUNZDVVXSSRUWHGLQSDUWE\3URJUDP*UDQW1R
&% 1DWLRQDO 6FLHQFH DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ 0DMRU
3URMHFW *UDQW 1R =; DQG *UDQW 1R
=; DQG *UDQW 1R =;
3URJUDP *UDQW 1R $$ 16)& *UDQW 1R