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Formula Sheet Algebra 2 Trig
Formula Sheet Algebra 2 Trig
b c
Variation: always involves the constant of Absolute Value: a 0 Sum of roots: r1 r2 Product of roots: r1 r2
proportionality, k. Find k, and then proceed. a a
Direct variation: y kx a; a 0 Inequalities: x x 12 0 Change to =, factor, locate
2
a
k a; a 0 critical points on number line, check each section.
Inverse variation: y (x + 4)(x - 3) = 0
x m b m b or m b
Varies jointly: y kxj x = -4; x = 3
m b b m b
Combo: Sales vary directly ka
with advertising and inversely y m b m b or m b
c
with candy cost. ANSWER: -4 < x < 3 or [-4, 3] (in interval notation)
x
1 m
m Simplify: Get rid of the denominators by mult. all terms by
a
xx a
x n xm
n n
remember to look for a factoring of -1: common denominator.
a na 3 x 1 1( 3 x 1 ) 22
3
2
n
an a n
ab n a n b 1
n
b nb 1 3x 1 3x 2x 9x 5 2x 1 x 5
2
Simplify: look for perfect powers. Add: Get the common denominator. multiply all by 2 x 2 9 x 5 and get
x12 y17 x12 y16 y x 6 y 8 y
Factor first if possible: 22 3( x 5) 2(2 x 1)
Multiply and Divide: Factor First
22 3x 15 4 x 2
3
72 x 9 y 8 z 3 3 89 x 9 y 6 y 2 z 3 2 x3 y 2 z 3 9 y 2 Rational Inequalities 37 3x 4 x 2
Use conjugates to rationalize denominators: x 2 3x 15
0 The critical values 35 7 x
5 2 3 10 5 3 x2
10 5 3 5 x
2 3 2 3 42 3 2 3 9 from factoring the numerator are -3, 5.
Great! But the only problem is that
Equations: isolate the radical; square both sides The denominator is zero at x = 2.
x = 5 does not CHECK!!!! There is no solution.
to eliminate radical; combine; solve. Place on number line, and test sections.
Extraneous root.
2 x 5 x 3 0 (2 x 3) 2 (5 x ) 2 Motto: Always CHECK ANSWERS.
4 x 2 12 x 9 25 x solve : x 9; x 1/ 4
Sequences Equations of Circles: x 2 y 2 r 2 center origin
CHECK ANSWERS. Answer only x = 9.
Arithmetic: an a1 (n 1)d ( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 r 2 center at (h,k)
Functions: A function is a set of ordered pairs in which n(a1 an ) x 2 y 2 Cx Dy E 0 general form
Sn
each x-element has only ONE y-element associated with it. 2
n 1
Complex Fractions:
Geometric: an a1 r Remember that the fraction bar means divide:
Vertical Line Test: is this graph a function?
Domain: x-values used; Range: y-values used a1 (1 r n ) Method 1: Get common denominator top and bottom
Sn 2 4 2 4x
Onto: all elements in B used. 1 r 1
x2 x x2 2 4 x 4 x 2 2 4 x x
2
1-to-1: no element in B used more than once. Recursive: Example: 1
Composition: ( f g )( x) f ( g ( x)) a1 4; an 2an 1 4 2 4x 2 x2 x2 x2 4x 2
2
Inverse functions f & g: f ( g ( x)) g ( f ( x)) x x x x2
Horizontal line test: will inverse be a function? Method 2: Mult. all terms by common denominator for
all.
Transformations: Binomial Theorem: 2 4 2 4
x2 2 x2
f ( x) over x-axis; f ( x) over y-axis n
n x 2
x x x 2 4 x 1
(a b) n a n k b k 4x 2
f ( x a) horizontal shift; f ( x) a vertical shift k 0 k
4 2
2
4
x2 x2 2
2
f (ax) stretch horizontal; af ( x) stretch vertical x x x x
P( A and B)
P ( B | A) (conditional)
P( A)