Basic Calculus

Quarter 3 – Module 12:

Related Rates Problems
Basic Calculus – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 12: Related Rates Problems
First Edition, 2020

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 Basic Calculus
Quarter 3 – Module 12:
Related Rates Problems
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

One of the main reasons why this module was created is to ensure that it will assist
you to understand the concept and know how to solve related rates problems.

When you finished this module, you will be able to:

1. Solve situational problems involving related rates.

1
 What I Know

Direction: Read, understand and solve the following word problems.

1. A wooden ladder is leaning against a brick wall. The wooden ladder is
10 feet long. The bottom part of the wooden ladder is slipping away
from the brick wall at the rate of 2 feet per second. How fast is the top
part of the wooden ladder slipping down when it is 4 feet above the
horizontal ground?
Answer: ________

2. Student A and student B are studying in one school. One day both
students depart from their room at same moment and head straight
towards their respective residences. Student A rides a motorcycle
north at 20km/hr while student B rides a jeepney east at 30 km/hr.
At what rate is the distance between student A and student B
increasing after 1.5 hr?
Answer: ________

3. Plywood is leaning against a glass wall. The plywood is 8 meters long.

The top part of the plywood is being pulled up at the rate of 1.5 meter
per second. How fast is the base of the plywood approaching the wall
when it is 5 meters from the ground?
Answer: ________

4. Boyet and Luna are studying in a library. After an hour, both students
leave the library at same time and head straight on their respective
homes. Boyet rides a bicycle west at 2 km/hr while Luna rides an e-
bike south at 5 km/hr. At what rate is the distance between Boyet
and Luna increasing after 2 hr?
Answer: ________

5. A liquid chemical from an industrial factory spilled on a river and

spreads in a circular pattern whose radius increases at a rate of 1.5
m/s. How fast is the area of the spill increasing when its radius is
already 20 meters?
Answer: ________

2
6. A 600cm long metal plate stands on a horizontal ground and leans
against a vertical concrete wall. The top of the metal plate is sliding
down at a rate of 1.8 cm/s. When the top of the plate is 300 cm from
the ground, how fast is the bottom part of the metal plate slipping
away from the wall?
Answer: _________

7. Juan and Joan are eating at the canteen. After snack break, both
students move out from the canteen at same time and head straight
towards their respective classrooms. Juan walks north at 1.5 m/sec
while Joan runs east at 2 m/sec. At what rate is the distance between
Juan and Joan increasing after 5 minutes?
Answer: _________

8. A surfboard stands on the horizontal sandy ground and leans against

a vertical fiberglass wall. The surfboard is 14 feet long. The bottom of
the surfboard is being pulled away from the wall at a rate of 2 feet per
second. How fast is the top of the surfboard slipping down when it is 6
feet above the ground?
Answer: _________

9. Pedro and Maria are taking exams in a classroom. After an hour, both
students leave the room at same time and move straight toward their
respective residences. Pedro rides a calesa westward at 25 km/hr
while Maria rides an e-scooter southward at 18 km/hr. At what rate is
the distance between Pedro and Maria increasing 3 hours later?
Answer: _________

10. A folding ladder is leaning against a wall. The wooden ladder is 17

feet long. The bottom part of the wooden ladder is slipping away from
the brick wall at the rate of 5 feet per second. How fast is the top part
of the wooden ladder slipping down when it is 8 feet above the
horizontal ground?
Answer: ________

11. Tomas and Judy move out from the theater at same time and gone
straight towards their respective homes. Tomas rides a car north at 40
km/hr while Judy rides a bus east at 35 km/hr. At what rate is the
distance between Tomas and Judy increasing after 4 hours?
Answer: _________

3
 12. A heavy duty ladder is leaning against a wall. The ladder is 13 meter
long. The bottom part of the ladder is slipping away from the brick
wall at the rate of 2 meter per second. How fast is the top part of the
ladder slipping down when it is 5 meter above the horizontal ground?
Answer: ________

13. Makisig and Ligaya went out from the building at same time and
head straight towards their respective village. Makisig rides a bike
north at 23 m/min while Ligaya rides a scooter east at 25 m/min. At
what rate is the distance between Makisig and Ligaya increasing after
5 minutes?
Answer: _________

14. A light duty ladder is leaning against a wall. The ladder is 11 meter
long. The bottom part of the ladder is slipping away from the brick
wall at the rate of 1.7 meter per second. How fast is the top part of the
ladder slipping down when it is 4 meter above the horizontal ground?
Answer: ________

15. A rain droplet falls on a lake and creates a ripple in a circular

pattern whose radius increases at a rate of 0.5 m/s. How fast is the
area of the ripple increasing when its radius is already 8 meters?
Answer: _________

Lesson

12 Related Rates Problems

After watching a movie, how would you rate it? Would you like to know the rate of
two vehicles separating after quite some time? Is it beneficial to know the particular
rating of your chess opponent? Based on the questions presented, it is evident that
rate is part and a very important aspect of real life situations and since it is a vital
component, this lesson will help you determine the rate of a certain movement
through the help of other related parameters and the application of differentiation.

4
 What’s In

Direction: Answer the following items.

1. Solve for the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle if the length
of the other sides are 9 cm and 12 cm.

2. What is the area of a circle if the diameter is 5 meters?

3. Calculate the volume of a cylinder with a radius of 3 meters and a

height of 7 meters?

4. Differentiate y 2 +3 x=3 x2 −5

5. Evaluate the derivative of5 y−4 x=x +7

REFLECTION
Direction: Answer the following questions briefly.

1. Based on the questions of What’s In activity, what particular topics in

mathematics are these questions associated to? Enumerate them
briefly.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

What’s New

Direction: Read and solve the given problem. Use the fundamental step by step
procedure in solving word problems. (Ex. What is asked…what are the given…etc.)

 The area of a medium-sized plate is64 π ¿2 .Solve for the radius of the
plate given the formula of the area of a circle: A=πr 2

5
REFLECTION:

1. Based on What’s New activity. Do you recall the step by step

procedure in solving such mathematics word problem?
__________________________________

2. Do you think it is necessary to use such procedures in solving word

problems? Why or why not? Explain your answer.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

What is It

 Related rates problems – pertains to the increase or decrease of the

rate of change of two or more related quantities or variables with
respect to time.

Here are the processes in solving related rates problems:

1. Read and understand the word problem carefully.

2. Make a sketch or diagram base on the given word problem.
3. Identify what is being asked and label the diagram with the
corresponding relevant variables, rates and data.
4. Find an equation or mathematics formula that relates all the variables
concerned.
5. Apply implicit differentiation on the chosen equation.
6. Substitute the given data and rates on the equation.
7. Solve for the required rate of change, use algebraic manipulation
whenever necessary.

6
Example 1

A wood plank stands on the ground and leans against a wall. The
wooden plank is 13 feet long. The base of the plank is slipping away
from the wall at the rate of 2.5 feet per second. How fast is the top of
the wooden plank slipping down when it is 5 feet above the horizontal
ground?

Solution:
1. Make a diagram and label each quantity
dy dx
with appropriate data and rates. and
dt dt
are rates of change for vertical and
dz
horizontal sides with respect to time. is
dt
not applicable due to constant length of the
plank. The x , y and z variables represent
the sides of a formed triangle. Base on the
given problem, the rate being asked is the
x 2+ y 2=z 2 2. Since it forms a right triangle,
dy the
vertical rate
Pythagorean of change
Theorem equation. suites the
( x)2 +(5 ft )2=(13 ft)2 dt
situation and it was used to determine the
variable x value.
x=12 ft

d ( x 2 + y 2 ) d ( 13 ) 3. Use implicit differentiation with respect to (t)

= time on both sides of the Pythagorean equation. The
dt dt
value of z on this given problem is a constant and the
dx dy derivative of a constant is zero.
2x +2 y =0
dt dt

ft dy 4. Substitute all given data, value and rate

(
( 2 ) ( 12 ft ) 2.5
s ) ( )
+ ( 2 ) ( 5 ft )
dt
=0
on the given equation. Then, solve for the
dy
rate being asked, for this situation its .
dt
dy Use algebraic manipulation to get the final
=−6 ft /s answer. The negative sign on the final
dt
answer means it follows downward
direction.

7
Example 2

Andres and Juana are classmates. After school, both students depart
from their room at same moment and head straight towards their
respective residences. Andres rides a tricycle north at 12km/hr while
Juana rides a pedicab east at 10 km/hr. At what rate is the distance
between Andres and Juana increasing after an hour?

Solution:
1. Make a diagram and label each quantity with
dy dx dz
appropriate data and rates. , and are
dt dt dt
rates of change for vertical, horizontal and
hypotenuse sides with respect to time. The
x , y and z variables represent the sides of a
formed right triangle. Base on the given
problem, the rate being asked is the
dz
hypotenuse rate of change .
2 2
x + y =z 2
dt
2. Since it forms a right triangle, Pythagorean
( kmhr ) ∙ ( 1hr )=12 km
y= 12 Theorem equation suites the situation. To get x
and y values, simply convert those rates into
km distances and use Pythagorean equation to solve
x=( 10 ) ∙ ( 1hr ) =10 km for the value of the variable z .
hr

(10 km)2+(12 km)2=( z)2

z=15.62 km

d ( x 2 + y 2 ) d ( z2 )
= 3. Use implicit differentiation with respect to
dt dt
(t) time, on both sides of the Pythagorean
dx dy dz equation.
2x +2 y =2 z
dt dt dt

km km dz
(
( 2 ) ( 10 km ) 10
hr ) (
+ ( 2 ) ( 12 km ) 12
hr) ( )
=( 2 ) ( 15.62 km )
dt
4. Substitute all given data, value and rate
on the given equation. Then, solve for the rate
dz km dz
=15.62 being asked, for this situation its .Use
dt hr dt
algebraic manipulation to get the final
answer.

8
Example 3

A drum full of colored paint spills on a lake and creates a ripple in a

circular pattern whose radius increases at a rate of 1.5 cm/s. How
fast is the area of the ripple increasing when its radius is already 20
centimeters?

Solution: 1. Make a diagram and label each

quantity with appropriate data
dA dr
and rates. and are rates of
dt dt
change for radius and area with
respect to time. Ther variable
represents the radius of the
formed circle. Base on the given
problem, the rate being asked is
dA
the area of the circle .
2. Since it forms a circle, dt
the formula
A=πr 2 for the area of a circle suites the
situation.

d ( A ) πd ( r 2 ) 3. Use implicit differentiation with

=
dt dt respect to (t) time, on both sides of the
equation.
dA dr
=2 πr ∙
dt dt

dA cm 4. Substitute all given data, value

dt
=2 π (20 cm)∙ 1.5
s ( ) and rate on the given equation. Then,
solve for the rate being asked, for this
dA
2 situation its .
dA cm dt
≈ 188.50
dt s

9
 What’s More

Direction: Solve the following word problems below. Write your step by step
solution and final answer on the right side boxes.

1. A wooden log stands on the ground and leans against a wall. The
wooden log is 15 feet long. The base of the log is slipping away from
the wall at the rate of 1.6 feet per second. How fast is the top of the
wooden log slipping down when it is 8 feet above the horizontal
ground?

Solution:
1. Make a diagram and label each quantity
dy dx
with appropriate data and rates. and
dt dt
are rates of change for vertical and
dz
horizontal sides with respect to time. is
dt
not applicable due to constant length of the
plank. The x , y and z variables represent
the sides of a formed triangle. Base on the
given problem, the rate being asked is the
2. Since it forms a right triangle, the
Pythagorean Theorem equation suites the
situation and it was used to determine the
variable x value.

3. Use implicit differentiation with respect to

(t) time on both sides of the Pythagorean
equation. The value of z on this given problem
is a constant and the derivative of a constant is
zero.
4. Substitute all given data, value and rate on
the given equation. Then, solve for the rate
dy
being asked, for this situation its .Use
dt
algebraic manipulation to get the final answer.
The negative sign on the final answer means it
follows downward direction.

10
 2. Roberto and Rita are classmates. After school, both students depart
from their room at same moment and head straight towards their
respective homes. Roberto rides a tricycle north at 9km/hr while Rita
rides a pedicab east at 6 km/hr. At what rate is the distance between
Roberto and Rita increasing two hours later?

Solution: 1. Make a diagram and label each

quantity with appropriate data and
dy dx dz
rates. , and are rates of
dt dt dt
change for vertical, horizontal and
hypotenuse sides with respect to
time. Thex , y and z variables
represent the sides of a formed
triangle. Base on the given problem,
the rate being asked is the
dz
hypotenuse rate of change .
dt
2. Since it forms a right triangle,
km Pythagorean Theorem equation suites the
x= 10( hr )
∙ ( 1hr ) =10 km situation. To get x and y values, simply
convert those rates into distances and use
(10 km)2+(12 km)2=( z)2 Pythagorean equation to solve for the value
of the variable z .
z=15.62 km

dx dy dz
2x +2 y =2 z
dt dt dt 3. Use implicit differentiation with
respect to (t) time, on both sides of the
Pythagorean equation.

4. Substitute all given data, value and

rate on the given equation. Then, solve
for the rate being asked, for this situation
dz
its .Use algebraic manipulation to get
dt
the final answer.

11
 3. A stone dropped on a pond and makes a ripple in a circular pattern
whose radius increases at a rate of 1.6 cm/s. How fast is the area of
the ripple increasing when its radius is already 13 centimeters?

Solution:

1. Make a diagram and label each

quantity with appropriate data
dA dr
and rates. and are rates of
dt dt
change for radius and area with
respect to time. Ther variable
represents the radius of the
formed circle. Based on the
given problem, the rate being
asked is the area of the circle

2. Since it forms a circle, the formula

for the area of a circle suites the
situation.

3. Use implicit differentiation with

respect to (t) time, on both sides of the
equation.

4. Substitute all given data, value

and rate on the given equation. Then,
solve for the rate being asked, for this
dA
situation its .
dt

12
 What I Have Learned

Direction: Express what you have learned in this lesson by answering the
questions below.
1. Describe a related rates problem. Elaborate your answer briefly.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. How can you solve related rates problems? Enumerate and express
your answers in short phrases.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. Mention past lessons in mathematics that you used on the last

activity in solving related rates problems.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Direction: Read and answer the word problem on the box below.
A blackboard 11 meters long stands on the ground and leans against
a wall. Initially, the foot of the blackboard is 8 meters away from the
wall. Suddenly, the foot of the board is being pushed towards the wall
at a rate of 0.4 meter per second. How fast is the top of the blackboard
moving up the wall 15 seconds after being pushed?

13
 Assessment

Direction: Read, understand and solve the following word problems.

1. A balloon, spherical in shape, is to be reduced in size (deflate) so that
its radius decreases at a constant rate of 12 cm/min. At what volume
rate must air be removed when the radius is 7 cm?
Answer: _________

2. Gasoline spilled from a damaged marine vessel spreads in a circle

whose area increases at a constant rate of 8 km²/hr. How fast is the
radius of the spill increasing when the area is 16 km²?
Answer: _________
3. An amateur softball field is a square with side measurement of 50 m
long. Suppose a player running from first to second base has a speed
of 15 m/s. At the moment, when he is 40 meters away from the first
base. At what rate is the player’s distance from home base changing at
that moment?
Answer: _________

4. A wooden ladder is leaning against a brick wall. The wooden ladder is

9 feet long. The bottom part of the wooden ladder is slipping away
from the brick wall at the rate of 1.5 feet per second. How fast is the
top part of the wooden ladder slipping down when it is 3 feet above the
horizontal ground?
Answer: ________

5. Aldrin and Ruth are seatmates. One day both students depart from
their room at same moment and head straight towards their respective
residences. Aldrin rides a motorcycle north at 18 km/hr while Ruth
rides a jeepney east at 25 km/hr. At what rate is the distance between
student A and student B increasing after 2 hours?
Answer: ________

6. A bamboo ladder is leaning against a wall and it is 12 meters long.

The top part of the ladder is being pulled up at the rate of 1.8 meter
per second. How fast is the base of the ladder approaching the wall
when it is 5 meters from the wall?
Answer: ________

14
7. Aldin and Mane are studying in a library. After an hour, both students
leave the library at same time and head straight on their respective
homes. Aldin rides a bicycle west at 1.5 km/hr while Mane rides an e-
bike south at 6 km/hr. At what rate is the distance between Aldin and
Mane increasing after 4 hours?
Answer: ________

8. A treated water from an industrial factory spill on a river and spreads

in a circular pattern whose radius increases at a rate of 0.5 m/s. How
fast is the area of the spill increasing when its radius is already 17
meters?
Answer: ________

9. A 500cm long aluminum plate stands on a horizontal ground and

leans against a vertical concrete wall. The top of the plate is sliding
down at a rate of 1.2 cm/s. When the top of the plate is 150 cm from
the ground, how fast is the bottom part of the plate slipping away
from the wall?
Answer: _________

10. Tony and Abby are eating at the canteen. After snack break,
both students move out from the canteen at same time and head
straight towards their respective classrooms. Tony walks north at 1.7
m/sec while Joan runs east at 2.3 m/sec. At what rate is the distance
between Tony and Abby increasing after 10 minutes?
Answer: _________

15
 Additional Activities

Direction: Read, understand and solve the given item.

A vertical liquid storage tank shape like a cone has a radius of 8 m at

the top and 22 m high. If liquid flows into the storage tank at a rate of
18 m³/s, how fast is the depth of the liquid increasing when the liquid
is 14 m deep?

Answer ___________

16
 Answer Key

What I Know
1. -4.59 ft/sec
2. 36.06 km/hr
3. -1.87 m/sec
4. 5.385 km/hr
5. 60π m²/sec
6. 1.04 cm/sec
7. 2.5 m/sec
8. 4.22 ft/sec
9. 30.81 km/hr
10.8π m²/sec

What’s In
1. 15 cm
2. 6.25π m
3. 63π m
dy 6 x−3
4. =
dx 2y
dy
5. =1
dx

What’s New
What is asked: radius of the plate

What are the given: 64π square inches

A
Operation to be used: r =
√ π

64 π
Solution: r =
√ π
=8 inches

17
What’s More
dy
1. =−2.54 ft / sec
dt
dz
2. =10.82 km/hr
dt
dA
3. =41.6 π cm2 / sec
dt

What I Can Do
dy
=0.26 m/sec
dt

Assessment
dV cm3
1. =2352 π .
dt min
dr 1
2. = km/hr
dt √ π
dz
3. =9.37 m/sec
dt
dy
4. =−4.245 ft /sec
dt
dz
5. =30.81 km/hr
dt
dx
6. =−3.93 m/sec
dt
dz
7. =6.18 km/hr
dt
dA
8. =17 π m/sec
dt

Additional Activity
dh
=0 . 22 m/ sec
dt

18
References
DepEd. 2013. Basic Calculus. Teachers Guide.
Lim Yvette F, Nocon Rizaldi C, Nocon Ederlina G, and Ruivivar Leonar A. 2016. Math
for Engagement Learning Grade 11 Basic Calculus. Sibs Publishing House, Inc.
Mercado Jesus P and Orines Fernando B. 2016. Next Century Mathematics 11 Basic
Calculus. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

19
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