Concept Mapping

for
COVID-19
BIOETHICS
Submitted to:
Ma’am Elizabeth Uy

Submitted by:
Ma. Shaina Michaela Kitchon
 Signs and Symptoms Diagnostic Test and Results Medical Diagnosis Nursing Diagnosis
FEVER PNEUMONIA OR SEVERE INFECTION RELATED TO FAILURE TO AVOID PATHOGEN
SWAB TEST - WILL SHOW IF YOU
DRY COUGH ACUTE RESPIRATORY SECONDARY TO EXPOSURE TO COVID-19.
HAVE AN ACTIVE CORONAVIRUS
TIREDNESS INFECTION DEFICIENT KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO UNFAMILIARITY WITH
INFECTION AND SHOULD TAKE
**SERIOUS SYMPTOMS: DISEASE TRANSMISSION INFORMATION.
STEPS TO QUARANTINE OR HYPERTHERMIA RELATED TO INCREASE IN METABOLIC RATE.
DIFFICULTY BREATHING
ISOLATE YOURSELF FROM IMPAIRED BREATHING PATTERN RELATED TO SHORTNESS OF
OR SHORTNESS OF
OTHERS. BREATH.
BREATH
ANXIETY RELATED TO UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY OF THE DISEASE.
CHEST PAIN OR
PRESSURE

Pathophysiology
THE INHALED VIRUS SARS-COV-2 LIKELY BINDS TO
EPITHELIAL CELLS IN THE NASAL CAVITY AND STARTS
REPLICATING. AT THIS STAGE, THE VIRUS CAN BE
DETECTED BY NASAL SWABS. ALTHOUGH THE VIRAL
BURDEN MAY BE LOW, THESE INDIVIDUALS ARE
INFECTIOUS. THE VIRUS PROPAGATES AND MIGRATES
DOWN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT ALONG THE
CONDUCTING AIRWAYS, AND A MORE ROBUST INNATE
IMMUNE RESPONSE IS TRIGGERED. NASAL SWABS OR
SPUTUM SHOULD YIELD THE VIRUS (SARS-COV-2) AS
WELL AS EARLY MARKERS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE
RESPONSE. AT THIS TIME, THE DISEASE COVID-19 IS
CLINICALLY MANIFEST. UNFORTUNATELY, ABOUT 20%
OF THE INFECTED PATIENTS WILL PROGRESS TO A
STAGE 3 DISEASE AND WILL DEVELOP PULMONARY
INFILTRATES AND SOME OF THESE WILL DEVELOP VERY
SEVERE DISEASE.
COVID-19 Expected Outcomes
COVID-19 IS AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE CAUSED BY A NEWLY
PREVENT THE SPREAD OF INFECTION.
DISCOVERED CORONAVIRUS. MOST PEOPLE INFECTED WITH
IMPROVE BODY TEMPERATURE LEVELS.
THE COVID-19 VIRUS WILL EXPERIENCE MILD TO MODERATE RESTORE BREATHING PATTERN BACK TO
RESPIRATORY ILLNESS AND RECOVER WITHOUT REQUIRING NORMAL.
SPECIAL TREATMENT. REDUCE ANXIETY.
7. Pharmacology
RIBAVIRIN (INHIBITORS OF VIRAL REPLICATION)
Risk Factors BARICITINIB (INHIBITORS OF VIRAL ENTRY TO HOST Nursing intervention
CELL)
CROWDED AREAS INTERFERON-Β (IMMUNOENHANCEMENT AGENTS)
MONITOR VITAL SIGNS
SURFACE CONTAMINATION LOSARTAN (INHIBITION OF SMOOTH MUSCLE
CONSTRICTION; ANTI-FIBROTIC ROLE IN LUNG INJURY MONITOR O2 SATURATION.
DROPLETS AND PROTECTS LUNG FIBROSIS) MAINTAIN RESPIRATORY ISOLATION
CORTICOSTEROIDS (IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AND ANTI- ENFORCE STRICT HAND HYGIENE
INFLAMMATORY AGENTS) MANAGE HYPERTHERMIA
EDUCATE THE PATIENT AND FAMILY
 DRUG STUDY
Name of Date Route, Dosage and General action Indication/Purpose Client’s response Nursing responsibilities
drug administered Frequency
Ribavirin Through Inhibitors of Lethal No adverse effect Administer accurately as instructed by
(Virasol) Intravenous Fluid viral replication mutagenesis, noted on the physician.
Inhibition of patient. Report effects of medication given to the
nucleotide patient.
biosynthesis by Monitor vital signs
inhibiting of viral Monitor for signs and symptoms of
RNA polymerase complications.
Clearing airway or any other respiratory
distress.

Baricitinib 4 mg PO q Day for Inhibitors of Prevents viral entry No adverse effect Administer accurately as instructed by
(OLUMIANT) adults viral entry to into cells via (a) noted on the physician.
host cell inhibits AP2- patient. Report effects of medication given to the
associated protein patient.
kinase 1 (AAK1) Monitor vital signs
that promotes Monitor for signs and symptoms of
endocytosis of the complications.
virus Clearing airway or any other respiratory
distress.
Interferon-β 44 mcg SQ 3 times Immunoenhanc Increases the No adverse effect Administer accurately as instructed by
weekly ement agents activity of immune noted on the physician.
system patient. Report effects of medication given to the
patient.
Monitor vital signs
Monitor for signs and symptoms of
complications.
Clearing airway or any other respiratory
distress.
LOSARTAN 50 mg daily; oral Pulmonary Inhibition of No adverse effect Administer accurately as instructed by
administration vaso-effectors smooth muscle noted on the physician.
constriction; anti- patient. Report effects of medication given to the
fibrotic role in lung patient.
 injury and protects Monitor vital signs
lung fibrosis Monitor for signs and symptoms of
complications.
Clearing airway or any other respiratory
distress.
CORTICOSTE 6 mg daily IV or PO, Immunosuppres Immunosuppressiv No adverse effect Administer accurately as instructed by
ROIDS for up to 10 days sive and anti- e activities; anti- noted on the physician.
inflammatory inflammatory patient. Report effects of medication given to the
agents properties; reduces patient.
body temperature Monitor vital signs
Monitor for signs and symptoms of
complications.
Clearing airway or any other respiratory
distress.