10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 181

10P11 - Ekkuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj

TABLE OF CONTENTS

10P11 - Ekkuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj ................................................................................................................. 181

10P11.0 Revision Notes ............................................................................................................................... 181
10P11.1 ekuo us= rFkk n`f’V nks’k (Human Eye and Defects of Vision).......................................................... 182
10P11.2 fizTe ls izdk”k dk viorZu rFkk ok;qeaMyh; viorZu (Refraction of Light through a Prism and
Atmospheric Refraction) ................................................................................................................ 185
[ksy [ksy esa ................................................................................................................................................... 188
Recall Test ................................................................................................................................................... 189
Concept Test................................................................................................................................................ 190
HBSE Practice Questions ............................................................................................................................. 191

10P11.0 Revision Notes

d{kk - 7 esa vkius i<+k
A. v/;k; 15 es:a -
 lw;Z dk izdk”k& ”osr vFkok jaxhu (Sun Light- White or Colourful):- banz/kuq’k izk;% o’kkZ ds i”pkr~ fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] tc
lw;Z vkdk”k esa f{kfrt ds ikl gksrk gSA banz/kuq’k vkdk”k esa vusd jaxksa ds ,d cM+s /kuq’k ¼vkdZ½ ds :i esa fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA
eksVs rkSj ij] banz/kuq"k esa lkr o.kZ gksrs gSaA ;s gSa& yky] ukjaxh] ihyk] gjk] uhyk] tkequh rFkk cSaxuhA
vkius ns[kk gksxk fd tc vki lkcqu ds cqycqys cukrs gSa] rks os Hkh jaxhu fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA blh izdkj] tc izdk'k fdlh lhMh
(𝐶𝐷) ls ijkofrZr gksrk gS] rks vkidks vusd o.kZ fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA bu lc vuqHkoksa ds vkèkkj ij ge ;g dg ldrs gSa fd
lw;Z dk izdk'k fofHkUu o.kks± dk feJ.k gSA dk¡p dk ,d fizTe+ yhft,A fdlh va/ksjs dejs dh f[kM+dh ds NksVs fNnz ls lw;Z
ds izdk'k dh ,d iryh fdj.k iqat fizT+e ds ,d Qyd ij Mkfy,A fizT+e ds nwljs Qyd ls ckgj fudyus okys izdk'k dks
lQsn dkxT+k dh ,d 'khV vFkok lQsn nhokj ij fxjus nhft,A vki banzèkuq"k tSls gh o.kZ ;gk¡ Hkh ns[k ikrs gSaA ;g n'kkZrk
gS fd lw;Z ds izdk'k esa lkr o.kZ fo|eku gSaA ,sls izdk'k dks 'osr izdk'k Hkh dgrs gSaA
Note:- izdk'k ds vius jaxksa esa foHkkftr gksus dks izdk'k dk fo{ksi.k dgrs gSaA bUnzèkuq"k fo{ksi.k dks n'kkZus okyh ,d
izkd`frd ifj?kVuk gSA
d{kk - 8 esa vkius i<+k
B. v/;k; 16 es:a -
 gekjs us=ksa dh lajpuk (Structure of Our Eyes):- vkius d{kk 8 ds v/;k; 16 esa us=ksa dh lajpuk ds ckjs esa i<+ j[kk gS]
vkxs (10P10.1) ge foLr`r :i ls bls i<+asxsA
Exercise 10P11.0
1. dkWfuZ;k fdls dgrs gSa \
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 182

2. iqryh (Pupil) fdls dgrs gSa \

3. va/k fcUnq fdls dgrs gSa \
4. bUnz/kuq’k esa dkSu&dkSu ls jax gksrs gSa \
5. vkbfjl (Iris) fdls dgrs gSa \
6. izdk”k dk fo{ksi.k D;k gS \

10P11.1 ekuo us= rFkk n`f’V nks’k (Human Eye and Defects of Vision)
A. ekuo us= (Human Eye):- euq’; dh vk¡[k dSejs dh Hkk¡fr ,d izdkf”kd ;U= gSA

1. ekuo us= ds eq[; Hkkx (Main Parts of Human Eye):-

a. dkWfuZ;k (Cornea):- izdk”k ,d iryh f>Yyh ls gksdj us= esa izo”s k djrk gSA bl f>Yyh dks dkWfuZ;k ;k LoPN eaMy
dgrs gSaA ;g f>Yyh us= xksyd ds vxz i`’B ij ,d ikjn”khZ mHkkj cukrh gSA us= xksyd dh vkd`fr yxHkx xksykdkj
gksrh gS rFkk bldk O;kl yxHkx 2.3 𝑐𝑚 gksrk gSA us= esa izo”s k djus okyh fdj.kksa dk vf/kdka”k viorZu dkWfu;k ds
ckgjh i`’B ij gksrk gSA
b. ifjrkfjdk (Iris):- dkWfuZ;k ds ihNs ,d vikjn”kZd jaxhu inkZ gksrk gS] ftls vkbfjl ¼ifjrkfjdk½ dgrs gSaA ifjrkfjdk
dSejs ds Mk;kÝke dh Hkk¡fr dk;Z djrk gSA ;g iqryh ds vkdkj dks fu;af=r djrk gSA
c. iqryh (Pupil):- ifjrkfjdk ds chp okys NksVs fNnz dks vk¡[k dh iqryh dgrs gSaA ;g vk¡[k ds vUnj tkus okys izdk”k
dks fu;af=r djrh gSA
d. vfHkus= ysl
a (Eye Lens):- vfHkus= ysl
a js”ksnkj tsyho= inkFkZ dk cuk gksrk gSA bldh oØrk esa dqN lhekvksa rd
i{ekHkh isf”k;ksa }kjk :ikarj.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA vfHkus= ysl a dh oØrk esa ifjorZu gksus ij bldh Qksdl nwjh Hkh
ifjofrZr gks tkrh gSA tc isf”k;k¡ f”kfFky gksrh gSa] rks vfHkus= ysla iryk gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj bldh Qksdl nwjh
c<+ tkrh gSA bl fLFkfr esa ge nwj j[kh oLrqvkas dks Li’V ns[k ikus eas leFkZ gksrs gSaA tc vki vk¡[k ds fudV dh
oLrqvksa dks ns[krs gSa] rc i{ekHkh isf”k;k¡ fldqM+ tkrh gSaA blls vfHkus= ysl
a dh oØrk c<+ tkrh gSA vfHkus= ysl
a vc
eksVk gks tkrk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i vfHkus= ysl a dh Qksdl nwjh ?kV tkrh gSA blls ge fudV j[kh oLrqvksa dks Li’V
ns[k ldrs gSaA
e. jsfVuk (Retina):- vfHkus= ysl
a jsfVuk ij fdlh oLrq dk mYVk rFkk okLrfod izfrfcac cukrk gSA jsfVuk ,d dksey
lw{e f>Yyh gksrh gS] ftlesa c`gr~ la[;k esa izdk”k&lqxzkgh dksf”kdk,¡ gksrh gSaA iznhfIr gksus ij izdk”k&lqxzkgh dksf”kdk,¡
lfØ; gks tkrh gSa rFkk fo|qr flXuy mRiUu djrh gSaA ;s flXuy n`d~ raf=dkvksa }kjk efLr’d rd igq¡pk fn, tkrs
gSaA efLr’d bu flXuyksa dh O;k[;k djrk gS rFkk varr% bl lwpuk dks lalkf/kr djrk gS] ftlls fd ge fdlh oLrq
dks tSlk gS] oSlk gh ns[k ysrs gSaA
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 183

2. vk¡[k dh leatu {kerk (Power of Accommodation of Eye):- us= dh og {kerk ftlds dkj.k us= ysl
a flfy;jh ¼i{ekHkh½
ek¡lisf”k;ksa dh lgk;rk ls Qksdl nwjh esa ifjorZu dj nwj vkSj fudV dh oLrqvksa dk Li’V izfrfcEc jsfVuk ij cukrk gS]
us= dh leatu {kerk dgykrh gSA
3. n`f’V ijkl (Range of Vision):- LoLFk vk¡[k ds fy, n`f’V ijkl 25 lseh ¼fudV fcUnq½ ls vuUr ¼nwj fcUnq½ rd gksrk
gSA ,d lkekU; vk¡[k 25 lseh ls nwj fLFkr oLrqvksa dks Li’V :i ls ns[k ldrh gSA vr: bl nwjh dks Li’V n`f’V dh
U;wure nwjh (𝐷) dgrs gSaA
B. n`f’V nks’k (Defects of Vision):- dHkh&dHkh us= /khjs&/khjs viuh leatu {kerk [kks ldrs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr;ksa esa] O;fDr oLrqvksa
dks vkjke ls lqLi’V ugha ns[k ikrsA us= esa viorZu nks’kksa ds dkj.k n`f’V /kq¡/kyh gks tkrh gSA eq[; :i ls n`f’V ds rhu lkekU;
viorZu nks’k gksrs gSa&
1. fudV n`f’V nks’k ;k fudV&n`f’Vrk (Myopia or Near-Sightedness):-
bl n`f’V nks’k esa nwj dh oLrq,¡ lkQ fn[kkbZ ugha nsrh gSa ijUrq ikl dh oLrq,¡ lkQ fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA ,sls nks’k;qDr O;fDr
dk nwj&fcUnq vuar ij u gksdj us= ds ikl vk tkrk gSA blfy, nwj j[kh oLrq dks izfrfcac n`f’ViVy ¼jsfVuk½ ij u
cudj n`f’ViVy ds lkeus curk gSA

 dkj.k rFkk fuokj.k (Causes and Removal):-

fudV n`f’V nks’k ds nks dkj.k gks ldrs gSa&
I. us= ysla dh oØrk c<+ tk;s] ftlls mldh Qksdl nwjh de gks tk,A
II. us= ds xksyd dk O;kl c<+ tk, ;k yEck gks tk,A
bl nks’k dks nwj djus ds fy, vko”;d {kerk dk vory ysl
a iz;qDr djrs gSaA
Note:- og vf/kdre nwjh ftls O;fDr fcuk p”es ds ns[k ldrk gS] mls ml O;fDr dk nwj fcUnq dgrs gSaA
fudV n`f’V nks’k fuokj.k ds mijkUr izfrfcEc O;fDr ds nwj fcUnq ¼vuar½ ij curk gSA
Note:- fudV n`f’V nks’k fuokj.k gsrq ysal dh Qksdl nwjh ;k {kerk Kkr djus ds fy, ;fn fcEc ¼oLrq½ dh
fLFkfr ugha ns j[kh gS] rks vuUr ij ysrs gSaA
2. nwj n`f’V nks’k ;k nwj&n`f’Vrk (Hypermetropia or Far-Sightedness):- bl n`f’V nks’k esa ikl dh oLrq,¡ lkQ fn[kkbZ ugha
nsrh gSa ijUrq nwj dh oLrq,¡ lkQ fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA ,sls nks’k;qDr O;fDr dk fudV&fcUnq lkekU; fudV&fcUnq (25 𝑐𝑚) ls
nwj gV tkrk gSA ,sls O;fDr dks vkjke ls lqLi’V i<+us ds fy, iBu lkexzh dks us= ls 25 𝑐𝑚 ls dkQh vf/kd nwjh ij
j[kuk i<+rk gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd ikl j[kh oLrq ls vkus okyh izdk”k fdj.ksa n`f’ViVy ¼jsfVuk½ ds ihNs Qksdflr
gksrh gSaA

;gk¡ 𝑁 nh?kZ&n`f’V nks’k;qDr us= dk fudV fcUnq rFkk 𝑁 ′ lkekU; us= dk fudV fcUnq gSA
 dkj.k rFkk fuokj.k (Causes and Removal):- nwj n`f’V nks’k ds nks dkj.k gks ldrs gSa&
I. us= ysla dh oØrk de gks tk,] ftlls mldh Qksdl nwjh c<+ tk,A
II. us= ds xksyd dk O;kl de gks tk,A
bl nks’k dks nwj djus ds fy, vko”;d {kerk dk mÙky ysal iz;qDr djrs gSaA
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 184

Note:- nwj n`f’V nks’k dks nh?kZ n`f’V nks’k Hkh dgrs gSaA

Note:- og U;wure nwjh ftls O;fDr fcuk p”esa ds ns[k ldrk gS] mls ml O;fDr dk fudV fcUnq dgrs gSaA
nwj n`f’V nks’k fuokj.k ds mijkUr izfrfcEc] O;fDr ds fudV fcUnq (25 𝑐𝑚) ij curk gSA
Note:- nwj n`f’V nks’k fuokj.k gsrq ysal dh Qksdl nwjh ;k {kerk Kkr djus ds fy, ;fn fcEc ¼oLrq½ dh
fLFkfr ugha ns j[kh gS] rks 25 𝑐𝑚 ij ysrs gSaA
3. tjk n`f’V nks’k ;k tjk&nwjn`f’Vrk (Presbyopia):- bl n`f’V nks’k esa fudV rFkk nwj nksuksa gh nwjh ij fLFkr oLrq,¡ Li’V
ugha fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA bl nks’k esa nwj fcUnq vuUr ls de rFkk fudV fcUnq 25 lseh ls vf/kd gks tkrk gSA ;g i{ekHkh
isf”k;ksa ds /khjs&/khjs nqcZy gksus rFkk fØLVyh; ysl
a ds yphysiu esa deh vkus ds dkj.k mRiUu gksrk gSA bl nks’k ds mipkj
ds fy, f}&Qksdlh ysal (Bi-focal lens), ,d fudV n`f’V nks’k ds fy, rFkk ,d nwj n`f’V nks’k ds fy,] iz;qDr fd;s tkrs
gSaA
Note:- euq’; dh vk;q c<+us ds lkFk&lkFk mlds us= ysl
a dh ikjnf”kZrk lekIr gksus yxrh gS ¼us= dk fØLVyh; ysl
a
nwf/k;k o /kq¡/kyk gks tkrk gS½A blds lkFk gh mldk yphykiu Hkh de gksrk tkrk gSA mlds us= ij vkus okys
izdk”k dk vf/kdka”k Hkkx ijkofrZr gksus yxrk gS] ftlls ml O;fDr dks Li’V fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk gSA bl nks’k
dks eksfr;kfcUn (Cataract) dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k:- ekuo us= dh lkekU; n`f’V ds fy, nwj fcUnq rFkk fudV fcUnq us= ls fdruh nwjh ij gksrs gSa \
[NCERT Intext Q3]
gy:- nwj fcUnq vuUr ij rFkk fudV fcUnq Li’V n`f’V dh U;wure nwjh 25 𝑐𝑚 ij gksrs gSaA
mnkgj.k:- vafre iafDr esa cSBs fdlh fo|kFkhZ dks “;keiV~V i<+us esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA ;g fo|kFkhZ fdl n`f’V nks’k ls
ihfM+r gS \ bls fdl izdkj la”kksf/kr fd;k tk ldrk gS \ [NCERT Intext Q3]
gy:- fo|kFkhZ fudV n`f’V nks’k ls ihfM+r gSA bls vko”;d {kerk okys vory ysal dk iz;ksx djds lgh fd;k
tk ldrk gSA
mnkgj.k:- nwj n`f’V nks’k dks nwj djus ds fy, fdl ysl a dk iz;ksx djrs gSa \
gy:- nwj n`f’V nks’k dks nwj djus ds fy, mÙky ysl a dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA
mnkgj.k:- ,d O;fDr dks vius fudV dh n`f’V dks la”kksf/kr djus ds fy, + 𝟐 MkbvkWIVj {kerk ds ysl a dh
vko”;drk gksrh gSA ysl a dh Qksdl nwjh crkb,A
1
gy:- 𝑓=
𝑃
1
⇒𝑓=2
⇒ 𝑓 = 0.5 ehVj

Exercise 10P11.1
1. ekuo us= vfHkus= ysal dh Qksdl nwjh dks lek;ksftr djds fofHkUu nwfj;ksa ij j[kh oLrqvksa dk Qksdflr dj ldrk gSA ,slk
gks ikus dk dkj.k gS&
A. tjk&nwjn`f’Vrk B. leatu
C. fudV&n`f’V D. nh?kZ&n`f’V
2. ekuo us= ftl Hkkx ij fdlh oLrq dk izfrfcac cukrs gSa] og gS& [NCERT Ex-Q11]
A. dkWfuZ;k B. ifjrkfjdk
C. iqryh D. n`f’ViVy
3. lkekU; n`f"V ds o;Ld ds fy, lqLi"V n'kZu dh vYire nwjh gksrh gS] yxHkx& [NCERT Ex-Q2]
A. 25 𝑚 B. 2.5 𝑐𝑚
C. 25 𝑐𝑚 D. 2.5 𝑚
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 185

4. vfHkus= ysal dh Qksdl nwjh esa ifjorZu fd;k tkrk gS&

A. iqryh }kjk B. n`f’ViVy }kjk
C. i{ekHkh isf”k;ksa }kjk D. ifjrkfjdk }kjk
5. fudV n`f"Vnks"k dk dksbZ O;fDr 1.2 𝑚 ls vfèkd nwjh ij j[kh oLrqvkas dks lqLi"V ugha ns[k ldrkA bl nks"k dks nwj djus ds
fy, iz;qDr la'kks/kd ysal fdl izdkj dk gksuk pkfg, \ [NCERT Intext Q2]
6. fdlh O;fDr dks viuh nwj dh n`f"V dks la'kksf/kr djus ds fy, – 5.5 MkbvkWIVj {kerk ds ysl
a dh vko';drk gSA viuh fudV
dh n`f"V dks la'kksf/kr djus ds fy, mls +1.5 MkbvkWIVj {kerk ds ysal dh vko';drk gSA la'kksf/kr djus ds fy, vko';d
ysla dh Qksdl nwjh D;k gksxh&
I. nwj dh n`f"V ds fy,
II. fudV dh n`f"V ds fy,
7. fdlh fudV&n`f"V nks"k ls ihfM+r O;fDr dk nwj fcanq us= ds lkeus 80 𝑐𝑚 nwjh ij gSA bl nks"k dks la'kksf/kr djus ds fy,
vko';d ysl
a dh izÑfr rFkk {kerk D;k gksxh \ [NCERT Ex-Q6]
8. fp= cukdj n'kkZb, fd nh?kZ&n`f"V nks"k dSls la'kksfèkr fd;k tkrk gSA ,d nh?kZ&n`f"V nks"k;qDr us= dk fudV fcanq 1 𝑚 gSA
bl nks"k dks la'kksf/kr djus ds fy, vko';d ysal dh {kerk D;k gksxh \ ;g eku yhft, fd lkekU; us= dk fudV fcanq
25 𝑐𝑚 gSA
9. lkekU; us= 25 𝑐𝑚 ls fudV j[kh oLrqvksa dks lqLi"V D;ksa ugha ns[k ikrs gSa \ [NCERT Ex-Q8]

10P11.2 fizTe ls izdk”k dk viorZu rFkk ok;qeaMyh; viorZu (Refraction of Light through a
Prism and Atmospheric Refraction)
A. fizTe (Prism):- fizTe ,d ,sls ikjn”kZd ek/;e dk cuk gksrk gS tks vusdksa i`’Bksa ls bl izdkj f?kjk jgrk gS fd ftl i`’B
ij izdk”k fdj.k vkifrr gksrh gS rFkk og i`’B ftlls fdj.k fuxZr gksrh gS] lery gksrs gSa rFkk ijLij vlekUrj gksrs gSaA
bl izdkj fizTe esa nks f=Hkqtkdkj rFkk rhu lery i`’B gksrs gSaA

I. viorZd i`’B (Refracting faces):- og lery i`’B ftl ij izdk”k fdj.k vkifrr gksrh gS vFkok ftlls fdj.k fuxZr
gksrh gS] viorZd i`’B dgykrs gSaA
II. viorZd dks.k (Refracting Angle):- nks viorZd i`’Bksa ds e/; cuk dks.k] viorZd dks.k vFkok fizTe dks.k dgykrk gSA
1. fizTe ls izdk”k dk viorZu (Refraction of Light through Prism):-

𝑃𝐸 − vkifrr fdj.k ∠𝐴 − fizTe dks.k

𝐸𝐹 − viofrZr fdj.k ∠𝑖 − vkiru dks.k
𝐹𝑆 − fuxZr fdj.k ∠𝑟 − viorZu dks.k
𝑁𝑁 ′ − vfHkyEc ∠𝑒 − fuxZr dks.k
𝑀𝑀′ − vfHkyEc ∠𝐷 − fopyu dks.k

fizTe dh fo'ks"k vkÑfr ds dkj.k fuxZr fdj.k] vkifrr fdj.k dh fn'kk ls ,d dks.k cukrh gSA bl dks.k dks fopyu
dks.k dgrs gSaA
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 186

2. dk¡p ds fizTe }kjk “osr izdk”k dk fo{ksi.k (Dispersion of White Light by a Glass Prism):-
tc lw;Z dk izdk”k fdlh fizTe ls xqtkjk tkrk gS] rks fizTe ls viorZu
ds i”pkr~ lkr jaxksa dk izfr:i izkIr gksrk gS] ftls inZs ij ns[kk tk
ldrk gSA inZs ij izkIr gksus okyk ;gh izfr:i LisDVªe ¼cSaM LisDVªe½
dgykrk gSA izdk”k ds vo;oh o.kkZsa esa foHkktu dks fo{ksi.k dgrs gSaA fdlh
fizTe ls xqtjus ds i”pkr~] izdk”k ds fofHkUu o.kZ vkifrr fdj.k ds lkis{k 'k
i zdk
vyx&vyx dks.kksa ij >qdrs ¼eqM+r½s gSaA yky izdk”k lcls de >qdrk gS ' o sr
tcfd cSaxuh lcls vf/kd >qdrk gSA blfy, izR;sd o.kZ dh fdj.ksa
vyx&vyx iFkksa ds vuqfn”k fuxZr gksrh gSa rFkk lqLi’V fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA
;g lqLi’V o.kkZsa dk cSaM gh gesa LisDVªe ds :i esa fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA LisDVªe
ds jaxksa dk Øe VIBGYOR ;k cS tk uh g ih uk yk ls n”kkZ;k tkrk gSA
igys fizTe ls fuxZr gksus okys LisDVªe dks ,d nwljs loZle fizTe tks fd igys fizTe ds lkis{k myVk j[kk gks] ls xqtkjus
ij fuxZr izdk”k iqat gesa “osr izdk”k ds :i esa izkIr gksrk gSA

mijksDr iz;ksx ds vk/kkj ij gh vkbtd U;wVu us crk;k Fkk fd lw;Z dk izdk”k lkr o.kkZsa ls feydj cuk gksrk gSA dksbZ
Hkh izdk”k tks lw;Z ds izdk”k ds tSlk LisDVªe cukrk gS] izk;% “osr izdk”k dgykrk gSA
 bUnz/kuq’k (Rainbow):- banz/kuq"k] o"kkZ ds i'pkr vkdk'k esa ty ds lw{e d.kksa ls fn[kkbZ nsus okyk izkÑfrd LisDVªe gSA ;g
ok;qeaMy esa mifLFkr ty dh lw{e cw¡nksa }kjk lw;Z ds izdk'k ds ifj{ksi.k ds dkj.k izkIr gksrk gSA banzèkuq"k lnSo lw;Z ds
foijhr fn'kk esa curk gSA ty dh lw{e cw¡nsa NksVs fizTeksa dh Hkk¡fr dk;Z djrh gSaA lw;Z ds vkifrr izdk'k dks ;s cw¡nsa
viofrZr rFkk fo{ksfir djrh gaS] rRi'pkr bls vkarfjd ijkofrZr djrh gSa] varr% ty dh cw¡n ls ckgj fudyrs le;
izdk'k dks iqu% viofrZr djrh gaSA izdk'k ds ifj{ksi.k rFkk vkarfjd ijkorZu ds dkj.k fofHkUu o.kZ izs{kd ds us=ksa rd
igq¡prs gSaA ;fn lw;Z vkidh ihB dh vksj gks] vkSj vki vkdk'k dh vksj /kwi okys fdlh fnu fdlh ty izikr vFkok ty
ds QOokjs ls ns[ksa rks vki banzèkuq"k dk n`'; ns[k ldrs gSaA
B. ok;qeaMyh; viorZu (Atmospheric Refraction):- HkV~Vh esa vkx ds Åij dh ok;q vius Åij mifLFkr dh ok;q dh rqyuk
esa vf/kd xje gks tkrh gSA xje ok;q vius Åij dh BaMh ok;q dh rqyuk esa gYdh ¼de l?ku½ gksrh gS rFkk bldk viorZukad
BaMh ok;q dh vis{kk FkksM+k de gksrk gSA D;ksafd viorZd ekè;e ¼ok;q½ dh HkkSfrd voLFkk,¡ fLFkj ugha gSa] blfy, xje ok;q esa
ls gksdj ns[kus ij oLrq dh vkHkklh fLFkfr ifjofrZr gksrh jgrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd fdlh xeZ HkV~Vh ds Åij /kwy ds d.kksa
esa f>yfeykgV gksrh gSA bl izdkj ;g vfLFkjrk gekjs LFkkuh; i;kZoj.k esa y?kq Lrj ij ok;qeaMyh; viorZu ¼i`Foh ds ok;qeaMy
ds dkj.k izdk'k dk viorZu½ dk gh ,d izHkko gSA rkjksa dk fVefVekuk c`gr~ Lrj dh ,d ,slh gh ifj?kVuk gSA
1. rkjksa dk fVefVekuk (Twinkling of Stars):- pw¡fd rkjs cgqr nwj gSa] vr% os izdk'k ds
fcanq&lzksr ds lfUudV gSaA D;ksfa d] rkjksa ls vkus okyh izdk'k fdj.kksa dk iFk Øfed
viorZu ds dkj.k FkksMk+ &FkksMk+ ifjofrZr gksrk jgrk gS] vr% rkjs dh vkHkklh fLFkfr
fopfyr gksrh jgrh gS rFkk vk¡[kksa esa izo's k djus okys rkjksa ds izdk'k dh ek=k
f>yfeykrh jgrh gS ftlds dkj.k dksbZ rkjk dHkh pedhyk izrhr gksrk gS rks dHkh
/kq¡/kyk] tks fd fVefVekgV dk izHkko gSA bl izdkj rkjksa ds izdk”k ds ok;qeaMyh;
viorZu ds dkj.k gh rkjs fVefVekrs izrhr gksrs gSaA
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 187

Note:- xzg rkjksa dh vis{kk i`Foh ds cgqr ikl gSa vkSj blhfy, mUgsa foLr`r lzksr dh Hkk¡fr ekuk tk ldrk gSA
;fn ge xzg dks fcUnq&lkbt ds vusd izdk”k lzksrksa dk laxzg eku ysa rks lHkh fcUnq lkbt ds izdk”k&lzksrksa
ls gekjs us=ksa esa izos”k djus okys izdk”k dh ek=k esa dqy ifjorZu dk vkSlr eku “kwU; gksxk] blh dkj.k xzgksa
ds fVefVekus dk izHkko fu’izHkkfor gks tkrk gSA
2. vfxze lw;ksZn; rFkk foyafcr lw;kZLr (Advance Sunrise and delayed Sunset):-
ok;qeaMyh; viorZu ds dkj.k lw;Z gesa okLrfod lw;ksZn; ls yxHkx 2 feuV iwoZ lw; Z dh vkHklh fLFkfr
fn[kkbZ nsus yxrk gS rFkk okLrfod lw;kZLr ds yxHkx 2 feuV i'pkr~ rd fn[kkbZ izs{ kd f{kfrt
nsrk jgrk gSA okLrfod lw;ksZn; ls gekjk vFkZ gS] lw;Z }kjk okLro esa f{kfrt dks
ikj djukA fp= esa lw;Z dh f{kfrt ds lkis{k okLrfod rFkk vkHkklh fLFkfr;k¡
n'kkZ;h x;h gSaA okLrfod lw;kZLr rFkk vkHkklh lw;kZLr ds chp le; dk varj i`F oh
yxHkx 2 feuV gSA blh ifj?kVuk ds dkj.k gh lw;ksZn; rFkk lw;kZLr ds le; lw;Z
dh pfØdk piVh izrhr gksrh gSA ok;qe aMy
ok;qe aMyh; viorZu dk lw; kZsn;
rFkk lw; kZL r ij izH kko
C. izdk”k dk izdh.kZu (Scattering of Light):- tc lw;Z dk izdk”k i`Foh ds ifjeaMy esa xeu djrk gS] rks ;g ok;qeaMy ds
d.kksa }kjk izdhf.kZr gksrk gSA vkdk”k dk uhyk jax] xgjs leqnz ds ty dk jax] lw;kZsn; rFkk lw;kZLr ds le; lw;Z dk jDrkHk
fn[kkbZ nsuk] ;s lHkh izdk”k ds izdh.kZu dk gh izHkko gSaA
1. fVaMy izHkko (Tyndall Effect):- tc dksbZ izdk'k fdj.k iqat dksykWbMh d.kksa ls Vdjkrk gS rks ml fdj.k iqat dk ekxZ
fn[kkbZ nsus yxrk gSA bu d.kksa ls folfjr izdk'k ijkofrZr gksdj gekjs ikl rd igq¡prk gSA dksykWbMh d.kksa }kjk izdk'k
ds izdh.kZu dh ifj?kVuk fVaMy izHkko mRiUu djrh gSA
/kq¡, ls Hkjs fdlh dejs esa ;fn fdlh lw{e fNnz ls izdk”k izo”s k djrk gS] rks izdk”k ds izdh.kZu ds dkj.k /kq¡, ds d.k
fn[kkbZ nsus yxrs gSaA blh izdkj fdlh ?kus taxy ds forku (canopy) ls lw;Z dk izdk”k xqtjus ij fVaMy izHkko ns[kk tk
ldrk gSA
izdhf.kZr izdk'k dk o.kZ] izdh.kZu djus okys d.kksa ds lkbt ij fuHkZj djrk gSA vR;ar lw{e d.k eq[; :i ls uhys izdk'k
dks izdh.kZ djrs gSa tcfd cM+s lkbt ds d.k vf/kd rajxnS?;Z ds izdk'k dks izdh.kZ djrs gSaA ;fn izdh.kZu djus okys d.kksa
dk lkbt cgqr vfèkd gS] rks izdhf.kZr izdk'k 'osr Hkh izrhr gks ldrk gSA
2. LoPN vkdk”k dk jax (Colour of the Clear Sky):- ok;qeaMy esa ok;q ds v.kq rFkk vU; lw{e d.kksa dk lkbt n`'; izdk'k
dh rjaxnS/;Z ds izdk'k dh vis{kk uhys o.kZ dh vksj ds de rjaxnS/;Z ds izdk'k dks izdhf.kZr djus esa vf/kd izHkkoh gSA
yky o.kZ ds izdk'k dh rjaxnS/;Z uhys izdk'k dh vis{kk yxHkx 1.8 xquh gSA vr% tc lw;Z dk izdk'k ok;qeaMy ls xqtjrk
gS] ok;q ds lw{e d.k yky jax dh vis{kk uhys jax ¼NksVh rjaxnS/;Z½ dks vf/kd izcyrk ls izdh.kZ djrs gSaA izdhf.kZr gqvk
uhyk izdk'k gekjs us=ksa esa izos'k djrk gSA ;fn i`Foh ij ok;qeaMy u gksrk rks dksbZ izdh.kZu u gks ikrkA rc vkdk'k dkyk
izrhr gksrkA vR;f/kd Å¡pkbZ ij mM+rs gq, ;kf=;ksa dks vkdk'k dkyk izrhr gksrk gS] D;ksafd bruh Å¡pkbZ ij izdh.kZu
lqLi"V ugha gksrk gSA laHkor% vkius ns[kk gksxk fd ^[krjs* ds ladsr ¼flXuy½ dk izdk'k yky jax dk gksrk gS D;ksfa d yky
jax dqgjs ;k /kq,¡ ls lcls de izdh.kZ gksrk gSA blhfy, ;g nwj ls ns[kus ij Hkh yky jax dk gh fn[kykbZ nsrk gSA
3. lw;kZsn; rFkk lw;kZLr ds le; lw;Z dk jax (Colour of the Sun at
uhys izdk'k ds izdh.kZ lw; Z yxHkx Å/oZL Fk
Sunrise and Sunset):- f{kfrt ds lehi fLFkr lw;Z ls vkus okyk gksus ls lw; Z dk jDrkHk
izdk'k gekjs us=ksa rd igq¡pus ls igys i`Foh ds ok;qeaMy esa ok;q dh izrhr gksuk
uhys izdk'k dk
eksVh ijrksa ls gksdj xqtjrk gS rFkkfi tc lw;Z flj ls Bhd Åij de izdh.kZu
¼ÅèoZLFk½ gks] rks lw;Z ls vkus okyk izdk'k] vis{kkÑr de nwjh pysxkA
nksigj ds le; lw;Z 'osr izrhr gksrk gS D;ksafd uhys rFkk cSaxuh o.kZ
dk cgqr FkksM+k Hkkx gh izdh.kZ gks ikrk gSA f{kfrt ds lehi uhys rFkk f{kfrt ds
fudV lw; Z izs{ kd
de rjaxnS/;Z ds izdk'k dk vfèkdka'k Hkkx d.kksa }kjk izdh.kZ gks tkrk
gSA blhfy,] gekjs us=ksa rd igq¡pus okyk izdk'k vf/kd rjaxnS/;Z dk lw; kZsn; rFkk lw; kZL r ds le; lw; Z
dk jDrkHk izrhr gksuk
gksrk gSA blls lw;ksZn; ;k lw;kZLr ds le; lw;Z jDrkHk izrhr gksrk
gSA
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 188

mnkgj.k:- ,d fizTe }kjk nks jaxksa ds fefJr izdk”k dk fo{ksi.k djus ls fdj.ksa 𝑨 o 𝑩 izkIr gksrh gSa] ftuesa ,d gjs
jax dh vkSj nwljh tkequh jax dh gSA fp= ns[kdj 𝑨 o 𝑩 ds jaxksa ds uke fyf[k,A

gy:- LisDVªe ds jaxksa ds Øe VIBGYOR ;k cS tk uh g ih uk yk ds vuqlkj&

𝐴 = tkequh jax
𝐵 = gjk jax
mnkgj.k:- tc dksbZ oLrq izdk”k ds lHkh jaxksa dks vo”kksf’kr dj ysrh gS] rks og oLrq gesa fdl jax dh fn[kkbZ nsxh \
gy:- og oLrq gesa dkys jax dh fn[kkbZ nsxhA

Exercise 10P11.2
1. LisDVªe ds izkjfEHkd vkSj vfUre izdk”k jax dkSu ls gSa \
A. gjk] yky B. cSxuh] yky
C. tkequh] ihyk D. gjk] ukjaxh
2. rkjksa dk fVefVekuk dSlh ?kVuk gS \
A. ijkorZu B. iw.kZ vkUrfjd ijkorZu
C. Øfed viorZu D. buesa ls dkbZ ugha
3. rkjs D;ksa fVefVekrs gSa \ [NCERT Ex-Q10]
4. O;k[;k dhft, fd xzg D;ksa ugha fVefVekrs gSa \ [NCERT Ex-Q11]
5. fdlh vrafj{k;k=h dks vkdk”k uhys dh vis{kk dkyk D;ksa izrhr gksrk gS \ [NCERT Ex-Q13]
6. fVaMy izHkko D;k gS \ le>kb;sA
7. ok;qeaMyh; viorZu ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \
8. bUnz/kuq’k D;k gS \ ;g dSls curk gS \ le>kb,A
Remaining NCERT Questions:-
Q5, Q6, Q7, Q9

[ksy [ksy esa

1. fØ;kdyki:-uhps fn, x, fp= dks ckWDl esa fn, x, “kCnksa dh lgk;rk ls ukekafdr dhft;sA

dkWfuZ;k] iqryh] jsfVuk] ifjrkfjdk] fØLVyh; ysl

a ] i{ekHkh isf”k;k¡] dkpkHk nzo] n`d~ raf=dk
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 189

2. fØ;kdyki:- uhps fn, x, fp= esa ls igpkfu,] dkSu lh

I. fudV n`f’V nks’k okyh vk¡[ksa gSaA
II. nwj n`f’V okyh vk¡[ks gSaA
III. vkSu bu n`f’V nks’k dks dSls lgh fd;k tk,] bls fp= ds ek/;e ls le>k,A

Recall Test
1. ekuo us= fdlh oLrq dk izfrfcac fuEu esa ls dgk¡ ij cukrk gS&
A. dkWfuZ;k B. ifjrkfjdk
C. iqryh D. n`f’ViVy
The human eye forms image of an object at its-
A. Cornea B. Iris
C. Pupil D. retina
2. fdlh lkekU; n`f’V ds r#.k o;Ld ds fy, lqLi’V n”kZu dh vYire nwjh yxHkx gksrh gS
The least distance of distinct vision for a young adult with normal vision is about-
A. 25 𝑚 B. 2.5 𝑐𝑚 C. 25 𝑐𝑚 D. 2.5 𝑚
3. fuEu esa dkSu] vk¡[k esa izo”s k djus okyh izdk”k dh ek=k dks fu;af=r djrh gS
A. i{ekHkh isf”k;k¡ B. yal
s
C. ifjrkfjdk D. dkWfuZ;k
Which of the following controls amount of light entering the eye ?
A. ciliary muscles B. lens
C. iris D. cornea
4. lkr jaxksa dh iV~Vh dks izdk”k dk ____________ dgk tkrk gSA
A. LisDVªe B. banz/kuq’k
C. ok;qeaMy D. buesa ls dksbZ ugha
The band of seven colours is called __________ of light.
A. Spectrum B. Rainbow
C. Atmosphere D. None of these
5. okLrfod lw;kZsn; ls yxHkx fdrus feuV iwoZ ge lw;Z dks ns[k ldrs gSa \
A. 5 feuV B. 2 feuV
C. 2 ?k.Vk D. 20 feuV
We can see the sun before the actual sunrise by about-
A. 5 minutes B. 2 minutes
C. 2 hours D. 20 minutes
6. vk¡[k dh iqryh dk vkdkj fuEu esa ls fdlds }kjk lek;ksftr fd;k tkrk gS \
A. dkWfuZ;k B. i{ekHkh isf”k;ka
C. n`d~ raf=dk,¡ D. ifjrkfjdk
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 190

The size of pupil of the eye is adjusted by-

A. Cornea B. Ciliary muscles
C. Optic nerve
D. Iris

Concept Test
1. og n`f’Vnks’k tks p”es ds mi;ksx ls Hkh Bhd ugha gksrk gS& fuEu esa ls gS&
A. fudV n`f’V B. tjk&nwj n`f’Vrk
C. eksfr;kfcUn D. nh?kZ n`f’V
The defect of vision which can not be corrected by using spectacles is-
A. Myopia B. Presbyopia
C. Cataract D. hypermetropia
2. rkjksa dk fVefVekuk fuEu esa ls fdl dkj.k gksrk gS&
A. izdk”k dk ok;qeaMyh; ijkorZu B. izdk”k dk ok;qe.Myh; fo{ksi.k
C. izdk”k dk ok;qeMyh; viorZu D. buesa ls dksbZ ugha
The twinkling of stars is due to atmospheric-
A. Reflection of light B. Dispersion of light
C. Refraction of light D. None of these
3. lw;ksZn; vkSj lw;kZLr ds le; lw;Z ds yky jax dk gks tkus dk dkj.k gS&
A. yky izdk”k ds de&ls&de izdh.kZ gksus ds dkj.k
B. uhys izdk”k ds de&ls&de izdh.kZ gksus ds dkj.k
C. yky jax ds izdk”k ds vf/kd ls vf/kd izdh.kZ gksus ds dkj.k
D. uhys izdk”k ds vf/kd ls vf/kd izdh.kZ gksus ds dkj.k
The red colour of sun at time of sunrise and sunset is because:
A. red colour is least scattered B. blue color is least scattered
C. red colour is most scattered D. blue colour in most scattered
4. fuEu esa ls fdl jax ds izdk”k fdj.k dh rjaxnS/;Z lcls vf/kd gksrh gS&
A. cSaxuh B. uhyk
C. gjk D. ukjaxh
out of following, the colour of light having maximum wavelength is-
A. violet B. indigo
C. green D. orange
5. tc fdlh dkap ds fizTe ij “osr izdk”k iqat Mkyk tkrk gS] rks izdk”k dk ugha gks ldrk ________
A. fopyu B. fo{ksi.k
C. dsanz.k D. viorZu
A beam of white light is passed through a glass prism. Light will not be ___________
A. Deviated B. Dispersed
C. Focused D. refracted
6. uhps fn;s x;s “osr izdk”k ds fdl jax dk fizTe }kjk de ls de fopyu gksrk gSA
A. gjk B. cSaxuh
C. uhyk D. ihyk
Which the following colour of white light is least deviated by prism
A. Green B. Violet
C. Indigo D. yellow
7. dk¡p ls fufeZr fizTe esa fdl jax ds izdk”k fdj.k dh vf/kdre pky gksrh gS&
A. uhyk B. gjk
C. cSaxuh D. ihyk
The colored light having maximum speed in glass prism is-
A. blue B. green
C. violet D. yellow
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 191

8. vka[k esa izdk”k dk viorZu fuEu esa ls dgka ij gksrk gS \

A. dsoy ysal ij B. dsoy dkWfuZ;k ij
C. dkWfuZ;k vkSj ysla nksuksa ij D. ifjrkfjdk ij
Refraction of light in the eye occurs at-
A. lens only B. cornea only
C. both cornea and lens D. pupil

HBSE Practice Questions

cgqfodYih; iz”u (Objective Type Questions) (1 Mark Each)
lgh fodYi pqfu;sA Tick () the correct option.
1. fdlh O;fDr ds us= ds fØLVyh; ysal dk /kqa/kyk gksuk] us= ds fdl jksx dks n”kkZrk gS \
A. eksfr;kfcUn B. jaxkU/krk
C. (A) rFkk (B) nksuksa D. buesa ls dksbZ ugha
The cloudiness or milky condition of the crystalline lens of eye of a person shows which defect of the eye ?
A. Cataract B. Colour Blindness
C. Both (A) and (B) D. None of these
2. fudV&n`f’V nks’k esa fn[kkbZ ugha nsrh&
A. fudV dh oLrq,¡ B. nwj dh oLrq,¡
C. (A) rFkk (B) nksuksa D. buesa ls dksbZ ugha
In Myopia, a person can not see-
A. Nearby objects B. Distant objects
C. Both (A) and (B) D. None of these
3. nwj n`f’V nks’k esa O;fDr dks&
A. fudV dh oLrq Li’V fn[kkbZ nsxh B. nwj dh oLrq Li’V fn[kkbZ nsxh
C. fudV o nwj nksuksa gh oLrq,¡ Li’V fn[kkbZ ugha nasxh D. buesa ls dksbZ ugha
In hypermetropia a man can
A. See nearby objects B. See distant objects
C. Not see both nearby and distant objects D. None of these
,d “kCn iz”u (One Word Answer Type Questions) (1 Mark Each)
4. mfpr {kerk dk mÙky ysla yxkdj dkSulk n`f’V nks’k nwj fd;k tkrk gS \
Using suitable power convex lens, which type of defects of vision is removed ?

mÙkj. _______________________________________________________
5. ,d O;fDr dks p”es esa vory ysl
a mi;ksx esa ysus dk ijke”kZ fn;k x;k gSA og fdl n`f’V nks’k ls ihfM+r gS \
A man is suggested to use convex lens in his spectacles. Which type of defects of vision he has ?

mÙkj. _______________________________________________________
6. fudV n`f’V nks’k mRiUu gksus ds nks dkj.k fyf[k,A
Write two causes for myopia.

mÙkj. _______________________________________________________
7. izdk”k ds fo{ksi.k dh fdlh ,d izkd`frd ?kVuk dk uke fyf[k,A
Name a natural event of dispersion of light.
mÙkj. _______________________________________________________
vfry?kqÙkjkRed iz”u (Very Short Answer Type Questions) (2Marks Each)
8. nh?kZ n`f’V nks’k D;k gksrk gS \ bldk dkj.k o mipkj fyf[k,A
What is hypermetropia ? Write its causes and remedies.
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 192

mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
9. fudV n`f’V nks’k ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \ bls dSls nwj fd;k tkrk gS \
What do you understand by myopia ? How is it removed ?

mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
10. us= dh leatu {kerk o n`f’V ijkl ls D;k vfHkizk; gS \ [NCERT Intext Q1]
What do you understand by power of accommodation of eye and range of vision ?

mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
11. tjk n`f’V nks’k fujkdj.k ds fy, mi;ksx esa fy, tkus okys f}Qksdlh; ysal esa (I) vory ysl
a vkSj (II) mÙky ysal fdl izdkj
yxs gksrs gSa \
How are the (I) concave lens and (II) convex lens arranged in a bifocal lens which is used to treat presbyopia ?

mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

y?kqÙkjkRed iz”u (Short Answer Type Questions) (4 Marks Each)

12. ekuo us= dk blds lHkh eq[; Hkkxksa lfgr o.kZu dhft, vkSj bldk fp= Hkh cukb;s \
Explain human eye with all its main parts and also make its diagram ?

mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 193

13. rkjs fVefVekrs gq, fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa] tcfd xzg ugha] O;k[;k dhft, \
Explain why stars seems twinkling but planets don’t ?

mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
14. dk¡p ds fizTe }kjk “osr izdk”k ds fo{ksi.k dks le>kb;s rFkk bl ij vk/kkfjr U;wVu ds iz;ksx dh O;k[;k dhft, \
Explain dispersion of white light by glass prism and also explain Newton’s experiment related to it ?

mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
fucU/kkRed iz”u (Essay Type Questions) (6 Marks Each)
15. fuEu iz”uksa ds mÙkj nhft,&
I. izdk”k dk izdh.kZu vkSj fVaMy izHkko dks le>kb;sA
II. O;k[;k dhft, fd LoPN vkdk”k dk jax uhyk D;ksa gksrk gS \
III. lw;kZsn; vkSj lw;kZLr ds le; lw;Z dk jax yky D;ksa gksrk gS \ [NCERT Q12]
Answer the following questions-
I. Explain Scattering of light and tyndall effect.
II. Explain why sky colour seems bule ?
III. Why sun seems reddish during sun rise and sunset ?
mÙkj. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
10P11 – ekuo us= ,oa jaxfcjaxk lalkj (Human Eye and Colourful World) 194

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Answer key

Exercise 10P11.1
1. B 7. I. −0.18 𝑚
2. D II. +0.67 𝑚
3. C 8. vory ysl a ] −1.25 𝐷
4. C 9. mÙky ysal] + 3 𝐷
6. vory ysl
a
Exercise 10P11.2
1. B 2. C
HBSE Practice Questions
1. A 4. nwj&n`f’V nks’k
2. B 5. fudV&n`f’V nks’k
3. B

Glossary
ekuo us= & Human Eye fudV&n`f’V nks’k & Myopia
fØLVyh; ysl a & Crystalline Lens nh?kZ&n`f’V nks’k & Hypermetropia
us=ksn & Aqueous Humour tjk&nwjn`f’Vrk & Presbyopia
iqryh & Pupil fo{ksi.k & Dispersion
ifjrkfjdk & Iris bUnz/kuq’k & Rainbow
LoPN eaMy & Cornea Atmospheric
ok;qeaMyh; viorZu &
dkpkHk nzo & Verteous Humour Refraction
n`d~ raf=dk & Optic Nerve rkjksa dk fVefVekuk & Twinkling of Stars
n`f’ViVy & Retina izdk”k dk izdh.kZu & Scattering of Light
i{ekHkh isf”k;k¡ & Ciliary Muscles fVaMy izHkko & Tyndall Effect
Power of lw;ksZn; & Sunrise
leatu {kerk &
Accomodation lw;kZLr & Sunset
n`f’V nks’k & Defect of Vision vfxze & Advance
lalks/ku & Correction foyafcr & Delayed
eksfr;kfcan & Cataract