MODAL AUXILIARIES & SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

PART I
6. A: Are you going to enroll on the second
SET 1 course when we finish this one?
B: I don’t know. It’s tiring coming every day
1. The company had sent the advertisement to after work. I ---- a month before I start the
the newspaper when they realised they’d second course.
mistyped the salary they were offering for the
position. Luckily, they ---- the newspaper to A) may wait
correct their mistake before they printed it. B) am supposed to wait
A) could have asked C) have waited
B) were able to ask D) have to wait
C) must have asked E) could have waited
D) were supposed to ask 7. James will book the hotel rooms for the
E) might have asked German representatives and you ---- them at
the airport at eight o’clock. Is that clear?
2. A: I wish I hadn’t criticised Mark’s
drawings yesterday because he hasn’t A) have met
spoken to me today. Do you think he’ll come B) can meet
to my party on Friday?
C) are to meet
D) had met
B: Possibly, he ---- you by then. E) would meet
A) has forgiven 8. ---- lending me $20 so that I don't have to give
B) was able to forgive the taxi a $100 dollar note?
C) might have forgiven A) Would you like
D) must have forgiven B) Would you rather
E) used to forgive C) Would you mind
3. Since the day his manager transferred him to D) Had you better
the foundry section of the steel works, he ---- E) Do you mind if
safety goggles.
9. A: Jack doesn’t work for a computer
A) will be wearing company, so why has he gone to the
B) has had to wear computer exhibition?
C) ought to wear B: I don’t know. He ---- interested in buying a
D) must have worn computer to use at home or perhaps he’s
thinking of starting his own company.
E) is wearing
A) must be
4. A: This student has circled the mistakes in
the text, but he hasn’t corrected them, so he’ll B) has to be
only get half marks. C) will be
B: He ---- the instructions properly. D) ought to be
E) could be
A) would rather not read
B) had better not read 10. You ---- anything to me. If you want to spend
virtually your entire wages on lottery
C) needn’t have read tickets, then that’s up to you.
D) shouldn’t have read
A) couldn’t have explained
E) must not have read
B) don’t have to explain
5. As a single woman, Lucy ---- quite a lot of C) weren’t able to explain
money on clothes, jewellery and cosmetics,
but now married with two children, she can’t D) shouldn’t have explained
spare so much money on them. E) weren’t supposed to explain
A) might spend
B) had spent
C) would rather spend
D) would spend
E) should have spent

51
11. You ---- anything until after your operation. 17. ---- I ask you a favour? ---- you work on
The nurses will tell you when it is all right. Thursday night this week instead of Friday
night?
A) needn’t eat
B) don’t have to eat A) Can / Did
C) couldn’t eat B) Would / Will
D) mustn’t eat C) May / Could
E) might not eat D) Might / Shall
E) Must / Would
12. Oh dear, my fruit cake is a little too sweet. I
---- the amount of sugar I add to the mixture 18. Amy Johnson, the first woman pilot who ----
next time. from England to Australia, ---- several times
during her flight to fill her plane with petrol.
A) have been reducing
B) should have reduced A) had flown / has stopped
C) will have to reduce B) could fly / was stopping
D) have had to reduce C) used to fly / might stop
E) must be reducing D) was flying / would rather stop
E) flew / had to stop
13. Isn’t it great that Tim and Sue have given up
smoking? The both ---- too much. 19. ---- you take this screwdriver back to Mr.
Smith next door and thank him for lending it
A) used to smoke to us?
B) ought to be smoking
A) Will
C) must be smoking
B) Must
D) would rather smoke
C) Ought
E) have been smoking
D) Shall
14. A: What’s happened to Mr. Meyer? E) May
B: He’s ill in hospital. They ---- keep him in
overnight, and if they do, he ---- travel back to
Germany tomorrow morning. 20. They ---- their house yet. They only put it up
for sale yesterday.
A) may / won’t be able to
B) would / ought not to A) haven’t been selling
C) shall / doesn’t have to B) might not be selling
D) can / couldn’t C) needn’t have sold
E) ought to / didn’t use to D) ought not to sell
E) can’t have sold
15. A: ---- we paint the kitchen this weekend?
B: We could, but I ---- wait until the weather
gets better because we’ll have to open the 21. We ---- get a visa before we ---- go to Bulgaria.
windows.
A) could / would
A) Ought / prefer B) are to / must
B) May / must C) have to / can
C) Can / would like D) may / have to
D) Shall / would sooner E) will / shall
E) Would / had better
16. A: I couldn’t persuade John to come to the
match with us. He said he couldn’t afford 22. I only had a brief chat with Mary at the bus
it. stop, so I ---- to ask her how she ---- on in her
new job.
B: You ---- to lend him the money.
A) might forget / could get
A: I did, but he said he ---- borrow any money B) forgot / was getting
at the moment.
C) have forgotten / used to get
A) have offered / ought not to D) would forget / gets
B) could have offered / would rather not E) must have forgotten / should get
C) may have offered / used not to
D) must have offered / wouldn’t like
E) can offer / had better not

52
23. A: Well, I’ve got lots of great ideas, but I
haven’t written anything down yet. 29. Would you mind if I ---- the secretary for half
an hour, Mr. Pitt? She has two thousand
B: But you ---- us a written outline of your leaflets to send out.
section of the project today!
A) helping
A: Don’t panic. I’ll do it tomorrow. B) helped
A) would rather have given C) help
B) were able to give D) have helped
C) must have given E) to help
D) were supposed to give 30. A: I missed this week’s episode of “The
E) had to give Simpsons”. What happened?
24. Our father ---- a small present for me and my B: I don’t know. I don’t watch it any more.
sister every month when he ---- his salary.
A: Why not? I thought you were a fan of the
A) was buying / had received show like me.
B) has had to buy / was receiving B: Yes, I ---- it three times a week, but now I
C) must have bought / could receive go to German lessons every night.
D) would buy / received A) used to watch
E) bought / could have received B) had watched
25. I ---- listening to pop music at all, but recently C) must have watched
I have realised that I quite like certain pop- D) have watched
songs.
E) was able to watch
A) didn’t use to enjoy
31. I believe you ---- this computer
B) ought not to enjoy programme in your previous job, so you ---- it
C) must not have enjoyed difficult at times. Please don’t hesitate to ask
D) can’t have been enjoying me for help.
E) wasn’t enjoying A) didn’t use / might find
26. When their baby was born, Lucy ---- up work B) haven’t used / must find
until they found someone to look after the C) couldn’t use / have found
baby. D) may not use / will find
A) must give E) hadn’t used / can find
B) ought to give 32. Apparently, the man across the road ---- his
C) had to give car after all because he took down the for-sale
D) used to give sign a week ago and he is still driving to work.
E) has given A) used to keep
B) had better keep
C) was keeping
27. They had their baby daughter in June and,
since then, they ---- in restaurants very often. D) was able to keep
E) is keeping
A) didn’t use to eat
B) couldn’t eat
C) aren’t supposed to eat 33. A: Hopefully, Peter booked the tickets for us
D) haven’t been able to eat yesterday.
E) weren’t able to eat B: He ---- them yesterday. The booking office
is closed on Saturdays.
A: Oh well, I’m sure he’ll order them tomorrow
28. Do you think he ---- to watch the match with then.
us? I know he enjoys football.
A) had better not look
A) would sooner
B) hasn’t booked
B) had better
C) couldn’t have booked
C) would mind
D) needn’t have booked
D) preferred
E) wasn’t supposed to book
E) would like

53
34. A: I didn’t think Paul and Sam were coming to 40. The weather is awful again today. Let’s look in
the picnic. the newspaper. There ---- a good film showing
at the cinema.
B: They ---- their minds.
A) can be
A: Well, it’s nice to see them again.
B) had to be
A) would rather change C) would rather be
B) used to change D) might be
C) must have changed E) should have been
D) should have changed
41. Cellulose is indigestible by humans, but
E) had better change herbivores, such as cows and horses, ---- it
35. I’m glad that I ---- hard to persuade my because they retain it long enough for
parents because they were already keen on digestion by micro-organisms present in their
the idea. digestive system.

A) ought not to try A) can digest

B) didn’t need to try B) have to digest
C) needn’t have tried C) used to digest
D) mustn’t try D) have digested
E) wasn’t able to try E) ought to digest

36. When it was completed, the Eiffel Tower ---- 42. You ---- all your holiday money on the first
the tallest building in the world, but now there day. You will need some for the rest of the
are many others which are taller than the week.
Eiffel Tower. A) didn’t use to spend
A) would be B) mustn’t spend
B) must be C) don’t spend
C) used to be D) might not spend
D) was E) haven’t spent
E) has been 43. Using lasers to produce extremely short and
37. Cats are very alert to any movement. For this repeatable pulses of light, today scientists
reason, they will pounce when a victim ---- but ---- events happening in time intervals as
---- prey that remains still. short as 1,000 trillionth of a second.

A) can move / couldn’t attack A) must have measured

B) is moving / shouldn’t attack B) were measuring
C) has moved / aren’t attacking C) used to measure
D) moved / don’t attack D) may have measured
E) moves / may not attack E) are able to measure

38. When I lived in England, I ---- Indian food 44. Living cells exist in a variety of shapes; for
several times a month, but here in Istanbul example, they ---- cube-shaped or flat.
it’s virtually impossible to find. A) may be
A) shall eat B) must be
B) would eat C) were
C) ought to eat D) have been
D) have eaten E) ought to be
E) had eaten
39. A: Mrs. Parkinson ---- three accidents in the 45. We ---- the football match on television
last month. yesterday, but we ---- because there was a
B: She ---- a very careful driver, then. power cut.

A: Couldn’t it have been just bad luck? A) should be watching / may not
B) were supposed to watch / haven’t
A) was having / can’t be
C) were going to watch / couldn’t
B) has / shouldn’t be
D) had better watch / needn’t
C) has had / must not be
E) were watching / aren’t
D) is having / wasn’t
E) used to have / isn’t

54
46. Oh no, look at the sign! We ---- here. These
spaces are for doctors and emergency 52. In parts of Africa, women still ---- water a long
patients only. way to their village.

A) needn’t have parked A) used to carry

B) won’t be parking B) might carry
C) haven’t got to park C) could have carried
D) aren’t supposed to park D) have to carry
E) couldn’t have parked E) must have carried

47. You ---- your children some freedom; 53. Why did you bother so much trying to change
otherwise, they will resent you. your money? You ---- it, you know, as they
accept US dollars in Mexico.
A) used to allow
A) couldn’t have changed
B) must allow
B) haven’t changed
C) have allowed
C) didn’t use to change
D) allow
D) needn’t have changed
E) are able to allow
E) can’t change
48. It’s not easy learning Turkish at home. Do you
think I ---- an evening course? 54. I’d rather ---- the match on television than
here in the pouring rain. I’m sure we’ll all
A) must have taken catch a cold!
B) have taken A) I watched
C) should take B) have watched
D) had to take C) to watch
E) used to take D) to have watched
49. I refused to give my son any money for the E) be watching
“Mega Death” sweatshirt he wants to buy, but
I’m sure he’ll try to get some from his 55. You knew that we had to walk a long way
grandmother. I’d really rather she ---- him the today, so you really ---- those high heeled
money, because I don’t want him to wear shoes. You only have yourself to blame for
such an awful thing. your aching feet.

A) didn’t lend A) don’t have to wear

B) won’t lend B) must not have worn
C) not to lend C) shouldn’t have worn
D) not lending D) might not wear
E) had better not lend E) can’t have worn

50. He ---- safety goggles, but he wasn’t and, as a 56. I think Victoria ---- to the party, although she
result, the hot steel badly damaged his eyes. really wants to, because she is flying to Paris
the next day and has to pack her things.
A) could have been wearing
A) may not come
B) must have been wearing
B) couldn’t come
C) had been wearing
C) wouldn’t come
D) should be wearing
D) didn’t come
E) ought to have been wearing
E) must not come

51. I ---- my car last week if I had accepted James’

offer. He offered me two thousand dollars for 57. You ---- this report to the managing director
it, but I wanted more. personally. Do you understand?

A) used to sell A) would sooner hand

B) could have sold B) would like to hand
C) had sold C) may have handed
D) may have sold D) are to hand
E) was able to sell E) have handed

55
58. You ---- for the cocktail party after the
conference if you are worried about arriving 64. ----- I get some plates while you are cutting
home late. the cake?

A) needn’t have stayed A) Do

B) don’t have to stay B) Let
C) haven’t stayed C) Shall
D) weren’t able to stay D) Did
E) didn’t use to stay E) Would

59. He ---- handball quite often, but his new job 65. We ---- anything tonight. We ---- the leftovers
requires him to travel a lot now, so he doesn’t from yesterday’s dinner party.
have time any more. A) didn’t cook / used to eat
A) must have played B) must not have cooked / will eat
B) has to play C) won’t have cooked / should eat
C) should be playing D) might not cook / would eat
D) could have played E) needn’t cook / can eat
E) used to play
60. Would you mind ---- your cigarette smoke in
my face? It’s getting on my nerves. 66.- 80.sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en
yakın olan seçeneği bulunuz.
A) not to blow
B) didn’t blow
66. Because it was pouring down so intensely, I
C) not blowing had to pull over the car and wait for the rain to
D) haven’t blown get lighter.
E) not blow A) The rain intensified just as I was about to
61. You ---- your jacket on a clothes hanger and start the journey, so I decided to wait until it
not leave it on the chair. You’ll crease it! got lighter.
A) must have hung B) I was lucky that the rain had become less
B) would hang intense by the time I had to leave, because I
couldn't have waited.
C) may hang
C) I had to pull the car to the side of the road
D) ought to hang
for some reason, but just then, the rain
E) will have hung
started to get more and more intense.
D) The heavy downpour made it impossible for
62. It’s a long journey and there may not be any me to continue driving, so I had to stop and
restaurants on the way. You ---- something wait until it became less intense.
before you leave. E) I shouldn't have kept driving ignoring the
A) might have eaten heavy downpour, as the vision was poor and
B) would eat I very nearly drove off the road.
C) had better eat 67. Generous people prefer giving to receiving.
D) are able to eat A) People who are generous would rather give
E) must have eaten than receive
B) People in general should give more and
receive less.
63. I knew that Marcus didn’t have much money,
but he has just bought a new car. He ---- the C) Generous people don't like receiving gifts,
money from someone. but they like giving them.
D) More people ought to buy things for other
A) could borrow
people as well as for themselves.
B) must have borrowed
E) Generous people feel that they have to think
C) would rather have borrowed
of others as well as themselves.
D) is able to borrow
E) is supposed to borrow

56
68. He can't have read the report prior to the
meeting because he didn’t know anything 71. The shoes you bought may be a fashionable
about the project. style, but they are not at all appropriate for
school.
A) He needn't have read the report, but he
A) You shouldn't have chosen these shoes
didn't know they weren't going to talk about
because the school will not allow you to
the new project.
wear them.
B) It was clear that he hadn't read the report
B) You are not going to a fashion show but to
before the meeting as he knew nothing
school, so take those shoes off and put on a
about the project.
pair suitable for school.
C) They didn't talk about the project in the
C) Next time you go shopping, I'll come with
meeting, so he needn't have read the report
you and help you choose shoes more
anyway.
suitable for school.
D) He didn't read the report before the meeting
D) Buying these shoes was a mistake, as they
because he didn't know that they were going
are neither fashionable nor suitable for
to discuss the project.
school.
E) He had to read the report carefully before
E) You have chosen a pair of shoes, stylish
the meeting because he knew nothing about
though they are, totally unsuitable for
the project.
school.
69. He had better not forget my book today, or I'll
never lend him anything again.
72. It was only towards the end of the sixth month
A) I am angry with him because he keeps in her swimming course that she could swim
forgetting to bring my book back. across the pool.
B) He was supposed to bring my book back
A) She'd been taking swimming lessons for
today, but as usual he forgot it, so I'm no
almost six months by the time she was able
longer lending him anything.
to swim across the pool.
C) I won't lend him anything in the future if he
B) She found it difficult to swim across the pool
doesn't remember to bring my book today.
even after six months of swimming lessons.
D) He's promised to bring my book back as
C) She should never have expected to learn
soon as he gets better, but I can't believe
how to swim across the pool in a period of
him.
less than six months.
E) I think it will be better for me not to lend him D) She was unable to swim cross the pool
any more books from now on. despite having taken swimming lessons for
six months.
70. Let's go out for a walk in the sunshine instead E) Because she had only taken swimming
of sitting at home watching TV. lessons for six months, she had difficulty
swimming across the pool.
A) Would you rather stay at home and watch
TV or take a walk in the sunshine?
B) Rather than watching TV here at home, why
don't we go out and take a walk in this nice,
sunny weather?
C) We wouldn’t be at home watching TV if the
weather was nice; instead, we could go out
and take a walk
D) I wouldn't mind taking a walk as I find
staying at home boring especially in this
sunny weather.
E) I would much sooner be outside in the
sunshine than be here at home just
watching TV.

57
73. We can't change the date of our party
because the hotel has reservations for every
other day this week.
A) We should have decided earlier which date
we wanted our party because now the hotel
has bookings for the whole week.
B) We'll either cancel the reservation or hold
the party at the weekend because the hotel
is full on weekdays.
C) As the hotel is fully booked for all the other
days this week, to change the date of our
party is out of the question.
D) We could have changed the date of the
party if we had decided earlier and told the
hotel which day we wanted.
E) The hotel should have told us that we
couldn't change the date of our party once
we had booked it.
75. We'll have nowhere to stay if we can't find a
new flat by the end of this month, when our
contract is due.
A) I don't think we'll be able to find a new flat by
the end of this month, and then we won't
have anywhere to stay.
B) Our contract will be over at the end of this
month, so we’ll have to find a new flat by
then, if we don't want to be homeless.
C) We only have one month to evacuate this
flat and move into a new one, because our
contract is due to end at the end of this
month.
D) We don't have to start looking for a new flat
just yet, because our contract is valid until
the end of this month.
E) If we have to evacuate this flat at the end of
this month, then we have one month ahead
of us to look for a new one.

74. The parents needn’t have given their children

76.
any money as the school paid the museum
entrance fee.
A) The parents didn't give their children any
money because they knew the school was
going to pay for them to go into the
museum.
B) The school had to pay for the children to get
into the museum as their parents hadn’t
given them any money.
C) The school paid the children's entrance fees
so that the parents didn't have to give their
children any money.
D) The school paid the entrance fee of the
museum for the children, so the parents had
given them some money unnecessarily.
E) The school didn't have to pay the entrance
fee of the museum for all the children as
some parents had given their children some
money.
As a child, I used to believe that the old
woman who lived in the cottage in the woods
was a witch.
A) The old woman who lives in the cottage in
the woods is very scary because she looks
just like a witch.
B) I was terrified to hear that the old woman
who lived in the cottage in the woods was a
witch as a child.
C) The old woman who lives in the cottage in
the woods used to say she was a witch, but I
didn't believe her.
D) As a child, whenever I saw an old woman
living in a cottage in the woods I used to
think that she was a witch.
E) When I was young, there was an old woman
living in the cottage in the woods, who, then
I thought, was a witch.

58
77. He must have forgotten that today is my
birthday.
A) He'd forgotten about my birthday, so I had to
remind him.
B) I'm really cross at his forgetting my birthday
today.
C) He'll probably remember later in the day that
today is my birthday.
D) It is highly likely that he hasn't remembered
that it's my birthday today.
E) I don't think he'll remember that today is my
birthday.
78. Airmail service, including parcels, is available
at relatively low cost throughout the world.
A) You can send letters and parcels to your
relatives by air wherever they are in the
world, and it'll cost you very little.
B) Choose airmail service for your post and
parcels if it is available to where your
relatives live because it is not as expensive
as generally considered.
C) It’s possible to send your post as well as
your parcels everywhere in the world by air,
81.
and it isn't expensive at all.
D) Airmail service is available for letters
throughout the world, but not for parcels as
the cost is relatively high for them.
E) The postage you'll pay to send your mail and
parcels by air varies depending on where in
the world you're sending them.
79. I doubt that he realised the importance of the
situation despite your excellent explanation.
A) You should have found a better way to
explain the importance of the situation to
him.
B) Although you explained it perfectly, he might
still not have understood how important the
situation is.
C) In spite of your perfect explanation, he
seemed doubtful about whether the situation
was indeed so important.
D) I admit that you explained the situation
excellently, but he couldn't understand it.
E) You couldn't have explained the importance
of the situation any better, but he still didn't
understand it.
59
80. Would you mind if I used your mobile phone
to tell my mother about my exam results?
A) Do you think I should telephone my mother
and tell her that I passed all my exams?
B) My mother will be happy to hear that I
passed all my exams. Can I use your mobile
to phone her?
C) Have you got your mobile with you as I need
to phone my mother and tell her about my
exam results?
D) Is it all right with you if I telephone my
mother on your mobile to tell her about my
exam results?
E) Would you mind telephoning my mother on
your mobile and telling her about my exam
results?
81. - 90.sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin
İngilizce dengini bulunuz.
O kaba davranışından sonra cezayı haketti
ama cezanın bu kadar ağır olması
gerekmiyordu.
A) Although she deserved to be punished after
that rude behaviour, you could have given
her a less severe punishment.
B) The punishment she was given was a little
too severe compared with what she had
done.
C) She should have been punished for that
rude behaviour of hers, though not with a
severe punishment.
D) After that rude behaviour of hers, she
deserved a punishment, but it needn't have
been such a severe one.
E) She deserved to be punished for that rude
behaviour with an even more severe
punishment than the one she was given.
82. Resmi işlemler sırasında karşılaştığı pek çok
tersliğe rağmen turizm sezonu başlamadan 85. Zavallı adam kazada hem karısını hem oğlunu
önce bürosunu açabildi. kaybettiğini duyunca yıkılmış olmalı.

A) He could have opened his office before the
tourism season started if he hadn't
encountered so many problems during the
official procedures.
B) The officials caused him so many problems
during the procedures that he very nearly
didn't open his office before the tourism
season started.
C) Despite the many mishaps he encountered
during the official procedures, he was able
to open his office before the tourism season
started.
D) He failed to open his office in time for the
approaching tourism season due to the
many mishaps he encountered during the
procedures.
E) Even if he had encountered a few problems
during the official procedures, he still had
enough time to open his office before the
tourism season.
83. Sınav gözcüsü sürenin bitmek üzere ol-
duğunu hatırlattığında ben daha soruların
yarısını bile yanıtlayamamıştım.
A) The examiner should have reminded us
about the time because I'd only answered
half of the questions.
B) I was about to finish answering the
questions when the examiner told us that
we'd left half an hour behind.
C) When the examiner reminded us that the
time was almost up, I hadn't even been able
to answer half of the questions.
D) I couldn't answer all the questions because
by the time examiner told us about the time,
we were already about to run out of it.
E) By the time the examiner told us to hand in
our papers because our time was up, I'd
only answered half of the questions.
84. Şeftalilerin fazla olgunlaşmış olanlarını önce
yiyelim yoksa yarın onları atmak zorunda
kalırız.
A) The poor man must have collapsed upon
hearing that he'd lost both his wife and his
son in the accident.
B) When he heard that both his wife and son
had died in the accident, the poor man
collapsed in despair.
C) The news that his wife and son had been
killed in the accident was too much or the
poor man to bear, so he collapsed.
D) The poor man felt so desperate as he'd lost
not only his wife but also his son in the
accident.
E) It must have been a real shock for the poor
man to hear about the accident as he'd lost
not only his wife but also his son.
86. Çok fazla eşyası olduğu için havaalanına
gitmektense taksi tutmayı tercih etti.
A) She had to hire a taxi to the airport instead
of taking the bus because she had too much
luggage.
B) Even though she had too much luggage,
she could still have taken the bus to the
airport, but she preferred a taxi.
C) She might not have gone to the airport by
taxi but have taken the bus if she hadn't had
so much luggage.
D) As she had so much luggage, she preferred
to hire a taxi to the airport rather than take
the bus.
E) She'd rather go to the airport by taxi than
take the bus because she has too much
luggage.

A) We ought to eat the overripe peaches first

because they won't keep until tomorrow.
B) Some of these peaches are overripe and
should be eaten before tomorrow.
C) If we don't want to throw away these
overripe peaches tomorrow, we have to eat
them first.
D) We'd better eat the overripe peaches first;
otherwise, they'll be rotten by tomorrow.
E) Let's eat the overripe peaches first, or we'll
have to throw them away tomorrow.

60
87. Yüzündeki mutlu ifadeye bakılırsa, kötü haberi
henüz duymamış olmalı.
A) She can't have heard the bad news yet
because look how happy she appears to be.
B) Judging from the happy look on her face,
she must not have heard the bad news yet.
C) We gathered from the happy look on her
face that she hadn't heard the bad news yet.
D) As she had a happy look on her face, we
couldn't understand whether she'd heard the
bad news.
E) It was obvious that she hadn't heard the bad
news as she looked very happy.
88. Tüm geleceğini etkileyebilecek bu kararı
almadan önce, en azından annen baban
olarak bizim de fikrimizi alabilirdin.
A) Before you took this decision, which might
affect your whole future, as your parents,
you could have at least asked for our
opinion as well.
B) As your parents, we were expecting that you
would ask for our opinion before you took
this decision about your future.
C) Although you didn't consult us before taking
this decision, as your parents, we must warn
you that it might affect your whole future.
D) You took a decision that will affect your
whole future, but didn't even bother to ask
for our, that is, your parents' opinion.
E) You should have consulted your parents too
before you took this decision because it will
affect your whole future.
61
89. Eski denizciler Albatros kuşunun doğa üstü
güçleri olduğuna ve onu öldürmenin kötü
şans getireceğine inanırlardı.
A) Because they believed that the bird
Albatross had supernatural powers, ancient
sailors were not very keen to kill one.
B) Ancient sailors used to believe that the bird
Albatross had supernatural powers, and that
killing one brought bad luck.
C) Ancient sailors believed that , whoever had
bad luck at sea, he must have killed an
Albatross, the bird they considered to have
supernatural powers.
D) Ancient sailors attributed all bad luck to the
bird albatross, so wherever they saw one,
they wanted to kill it.
E) In the ancient sailors' belief, the one who
killed an albatross, the bird which brought
bad luck, had supernatural powers
90. Yarın teslim etmem gereken raporu bitirmek
için bütün gece uyanık kalmak zorundayım.
A) I have to hand in this report tomorrow, and I
can only finish it if I stay up all right.
B) I can only finish this report by staying up all
night, or I won't be able to hand it in
tomorrow.
C) I'll have to stay up all night today for this
report as I'll need it tomorrow.
D) I may have to stay up all night so as to get
this report ready for tomorrow.
E) I have to stay up all night in order to finish
the report I'm supposed to hand in
tomorrow.
 91.- 100.sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin
İngilizce dengini bulunuz.
91. As it might cause drowsiness and dizziness,
you mustn't drive for a period of two hours
after you've taken this medicine.
A) Uyku ve baş dönmesine neden olduğu için
bu ilacı aldıktan ancak iki saat sonra araç
kullanabilirsiniz.
B) Uyku ve baş dönmesine yol açabileceği için
bu ilacı aldıktan sonra iki saat süreyle araba
kullanmamalısınız.
C) Uyku ve baş dönmesini yaratabilir
endişesiyle bu ilacın etkileri geçinceye
kadar, yani iki saat süreyle araba
kullanmayınız.
D) İki saat sonra araç kullanacaksınız, bu ilacı
hemen alın ki uyku ve baş dönmesi gibi
etkileri o zamana kadar kaybolsun.
E) Bu ilacı şimdi aldığınıza göre iki saat araba
kullanmayacaksınız demektir çünkü bu ilaç
uyku ve baş dönmesi yapar.
92. Thanks to his experience and his calm
attitude throughout the incident, the pilot was
able to land the plane, damaged badly during
the hurricane, safely.
A) Fırtınada ağır hasar görmüş uçağı sağ salim
yere indirdiğine göre, pilot çok deneyimli ve
soğukkanlı biri olmalı.
B) Deneyimli ve olay boyunca takındığı sakin
tavrı sayesinde pilot fırtınada ağır hasar gör-
müş uçağı sağ salim yere indirebildi.
C) Fırtına sırasında deneyimi ve sakinliğiyle
dikkat çeken pilota, büyük hasar gören uçağı
sağ salim yere indirmeyi başardığı için
herkes teşekkür etti.
D) Tüm yolcular, fırtına sırasında çok hasar
görmüş olan uçağı, soğukkanlı davranarak
usta bir şekilde yere indiren pilota şükran
borçluydular.
E) Pilot çok deneyimliydi ve fırtına sırasında
büyük hasar görmüş uçağı, soğukkanlı dav-
ranarak, usta bir şekilde yere indirmeyi ba-
şardı.
62
93. When New Zealand was deforested, the huia
bird, which was used to living in the forest,
was no longer able to feed in its accustomed
way and soon became extinct.
A) Yeni Zelanda ormanlarını yitirince, ormanda
yaşamaya alışmış olan huia kuşu artık alış-
kın olduğu biçimde beslenemez oldu ve kısa
sürede nesli tükendi.
B) Yeni Zelanda'nın ormanlarında yaşayan huia
kuşu ormanlar yok olmaya başlayınca yeterli
besin bulamadı ve bir süre sonra nesli tü-
kendi.
C) Huia kuşunun neslinin tükenmesinin başlıca
nedeni, Yeni Zeanda'da ormanların yok
edilmesidir çünkü bu kuş sadece orman ko-
şullarında yaşamaya alışkındı.
D) Yeni Zelanda'da ormanların yok edilmesi,
ormanda yaşamaya alışkın huia gibi bazı
kuş türlerinin neslinin tükenmesine neden
olmuştur.
E) Huia kuşu Yeni Zelanda ormanlarında ya-
şardı ancak ormanlar yok olunca alışkın ol-
duğu besinleri bulamayan bu kuşun nesli tü-
kendi.
94. With proper care, buildings made of adobe,
which is an excellent building material in dry
climates, may last for centuries.
A) Özellikle, kurak iklimler için uygun olan ker-
piç binaların asırlarca dayanması için çok iyi
bir bakıma ihtiyaçları vardır.
B) Kurak iklimler için mükemmel bir inşaat mal-
zemesi olan kerpiçten yapılmış binalar, iyi
bir bakımla, asırlarca dayanabilir.
C) İklimin kurak olması koşuluyla, iyi bakılan
kerpiç binalar yüzlerce yıl mükemmel
ayakta kalabilirler.
D) Çok iyi bakılsalar bile, kerpiçten yapılmış
binaların yüzlerce yıl ayakta kalabilmesi
ancak kurak iklimlerde mümkün olabilir.
E) Kurak iklimlerde yüzyıllardır inşaat malze-
mesi olarak kullanılan kerpiçten yapılmış
evler, uzun süre ayakta kalabilmeleri için iyi
bakılmalıdırlar.
95. She knew that they couldn't afford a holiday
abroad, yet she still called at a travel agent's
and took a few brochures.
A) Bir seyahat acentasından istediği broşürler
eline geçene dek, yurt dışında bir tatil rahat-
lıkla karşılayabileceklerini zannediyordu.
B) Yurt dışında tatil yapmaya güçlerinin yetme-
yeceğini bile bile bir seyahat acentasına te-
lefon etti ve birkaç broşür istedi.
C) Yurt dışına tatile gitmeyi çok istiyordu ama
seyahat acentasından aldığı broşürlerdeki
rakamları asla karşılayamacaklarını da bili-
yordu.
D) Seyahat acentasından aldığı broşürleri ince-
leyince, tatil için yurt dışına gitmeye güçleri-
nin yetmeyeceğini anladı.
E) Yurt dışında bir tatile güçlerinin
yetmeyeceğini biliyordu ama yine de bir
seyehat acentasına uğrayıp birkaç broşür
aldı.
96. Would you mind if I sat here and had a look at
the magazines while you're working?
A) Burada oturup dergilere göz atmam çalış-
manı engellememiştir umarım?
B) Sen çalışırken burada oturup dergilere göz
atmak istiyorum, olur mu?
C) Sen çalışırken burada oturup dergilere göz
atmamın bir sakıncası var mı?
D) Senin çalışmanı engellemezse eğer, burada
oturup dergilere göz atabilir miyim?
E) Sen çalışırken benim dergi okumam seni ra-
hatsız eder mi?
97. People who are overweight, past middle age,
or who suffer from heart disease should
consult a physician before starting any
exercise program.
A) Orta yaşı geçmiş kişiler, üstelik kilolu iseler
ve kalp rahatsızlıkları varsa, bir egzersiz
programına başlamadan önce mutlaka bir
hekime danışmalıdırlar.
B) Orta yaşı geçmiş kişiler kilo vermek ama-
cıyla bir egzersiz programına başlamadan
önce bir hekime başvurup kalp kontrolünden
geçmelidirler.
C) Kilolu, orta yaşı geçmiş ya da kalp rahatsız-
lığı olan kişilerin herhangi bir egzersiz prog-
ramına başlamadan önce bir hekime danış-
maları gerekir.
D) Orta yaşın üzerindeki kişiler eğer kilolu iseler
ve kalp rahatsızlıkları varsa, uygun bir
egzersiz programı için bir hekimin tavsiyesi
gerekir.
E) Orta yaşın üzerindeki kişilerin kaldırabileceği
egzersiz programları için kilo ve kalbin
durumu önemli olduğu için mutlaka hekim
tavsiyesi gerekmektedir.
63
98. Even if we'd found out in advance that the
speaker was not coming, we couldn't have
found someone in such a short time to
replace him.
A) Eğer konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini bu kadar
kısa bir süre önce öğrenmeseydik, belki de
onun yerine bir başkasını bulabilirdik.
B) Konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini önceden öğ-
renemediğimiz için sürenin azlığı nedeniyle
yerine birini bulamadık.
C) Konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini son anda öğ-
rendiğimiz için yerine bir başkasını bulacak
kadar zamanımız yoktu.
D) Konuşmacı gelemeyceğini bize o kadar geç
bildirdi ki yerine bir başkasını bulmamız
mümkün değildi.
E) Konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini önceden öğ-
renmiş olsaydık bile bu kadar kısa sürede
yerine birini bulamazdık.
99. International air travel has become so
extensive that it's now possible to reach any
place in the world in less than a day on one of
the more than 350 airlines operating
worldwide.
A) Dünya çapında 350 havayolları tarafından
sürdürülen uluslararası hava taşımacılığı
çok yaygın ve sık olduğu için dünyanın
herhangi bir yerine günübirliğine gidip
gelmeniz mümkündür.
B) Uluslararası hava taşımacılığı yapan şirket-
lerin sayısı şu anda 350 dir ve bu şirketler
dünyanın hemen her yerine günlük seferler
düzenlemektedirler.
C) Uluslararası hava taşımacılığı şu anda dün-
yanın 350 merkezine seferler düzenlemek-
tedir ve bu merkezlerden en uzak olanına
bile bir günden daha az bir sürede ulaşılabil-
mektedir.
D) Uluslararası hava taşımacılığı o kadar yay-
gınlaştı ki dünya çapında hizmet veren 350
havayollarından biriyle bir günden daha az
bir sürede dünyanın herhangi bir yerine
ulaşmak artık mümkün.
E) Dünyanın her yerine çok sık seferler düzen-
leyen 350 havayollarından herhangi biriyle
bir günden daha az bir sürede dilediğiniz
yere gitmeniz hiç de imkansız değildir.
100. The long coastline and large number of rivers
and lakes provide Africa with plenty of fish
resources.

A) Afrika'da balığın bol olmasının nedeni sahip

olduğu uzun kıyı şeridi ve çok sayıdaki nehir
ve gölleridir.
B) Uzun kıyı şeridi ve çok sayıda nehir ve göl
Afrika'ya bol miktarda balık kaynağı sağla-
maktadır.
C) Afrika'da balık bol bulunmaktadır; çünkü kıta
uzun bir kıyı şeridine ve çok sayıda nehir ve
göle sahiptir.
D) Afrika'nın başlıca yiyecek kaynağı, sahip ol-
duğu uzun kıyıları, nehirleri ve göllerinden
sağlanan balıktır.
E) Uzun kıyı şeridinin yanı sıra, çok sayıda ne-
hir ve göl, Afrika'ya bol miktarda balık sağla-
yan kaynaklardır.

64
 MODAL AUXILIARIES - PART I
SET 1
1 B 21 C 41 A 61 D 81 D
2 C 22 B 42 B 62 C 82 C
3 B 23 D 43 E 63 B 83 C
4 E 24 D 44 A 64 C 84 E
5 D 25 A 45 C 65 E 85 A
6 A 26 C 46 D 66 D 86 D
7 C 27 D 47 B 67 A 87 B
8 C 28 E 48 C 68 B 88 A
9 E 29 B 49 A 69 C 89 B
10 B 30 A 50 E 70 B 90 E
11 D 31 A 51 B 71 E 91 B
12 C 32 E 52 D 72 A 92 B
13 A 33 C 53 D 73 C 93 A
14 A 34 C 54 E 74 D 94 B
15 D 35 B 55 C 75 B 95 E
16 B 36 D 56 A 76 E 96 C
17 C 37 E 57 D 77 D 97 C
18 E 38 B 58 B 78 C 98 E
19 A 39 C 59 E 79 B 99 D
20 E 40 D 60 C 80 D 100 B