 TRUE. Humanities and the art have always been part of man’s growth.

 TRUE. Art appreciation in relation to humanities explains the expression of man’s feelings
and thoughts about reality.

 FALSE. Modern art implies that this art is made by living artists, but essentially
contemporary art is seen as something that has never been done before.
 FALSE. Modern art also emphasizes a rejection of the commercialization of the art world,
but it is often connected to the contemporary consumer-driven society.

 TRUE. Democratic form of government was the contribution of ancient Greece in politics.
 TRUE. Republic form of government was also one of the contributions in society of Roman
civilization.

 FALSE. It was during the renaissance period that the church was the central figure and
authority.
 FALSE. During the early renaissance period that the emergence of democratic government
has flourished.

 FALSE. It was during the Hellenistic period that their artworks were primarily result of
Greece’s trading activities with other civilizations.
 FALSE. It was also during the Hellenistic period when people placed importance on human
figure.

 FALSE. The Stonehenge in France is the best example of Neolithic art.

 TRUE. This Stonehenge is regarded as a temple while others see it as complex calendar
that tracked the movements of both the sun and the moon.

 TRUE. The Roman republic was established in 500 BCE which eventually transformed into
one of Western Europe’s mightiest empire.

 TRUE. Middle age is the period between the decline of Roman Empire and the renaissance.
 TRUE. It was during the middle ages that great cathedrals were built.

 FALSE. The Egyptians were known to excel in various field and aspect in society.
 FALSE. Their spiritual ideals eventually became the framework for the democratic form of
government in modern things.

 TRUE. The Roman Republic was established around 500 BC.

 TRUE. This civilization eventually transformed into one of the Western Europe’s mightiest
empire.

 TRUE. The Stone Age has witnessed how human were able to lead more stable lives.
 TRUE. And eventually come up with permanent shelters and tools for survival.
 TRUE. It was during the reign of Emperor Vespasian that Amphitheater was constructed.
 TRUE. Most of the Ancient Rome arts are being influenced by the Hellenistic art coming
from Greek art.

 FALSE. The Greek principle in art is idealism, believing that everything should be in perfect
order.
 FALSE. Most of the Greek Art looked stem and strong, highlighting the features of the
human being.

 FALSE. Renaissance Art is a movement that started in Italy in 15th Century.

 FALSE. This art focuses on religious themes and the re-birth of Christ.

 FALSE. The Paleolithic Period is an era of a nomadic lifestyle among early humans.
 FALSE. Most of the subjects of art produced this time were about the tribal wars and
exhibition of territorial power.

 TRUE. Claude Monet was the founder of impressionism Art Movement, a name taken from
his painting impression Sunrise.
 FALSE. This movement uses long organic lines and ornamental style of painting.

 FALSE. The principles of Designs are used to create texture and feeling in an artwork.
 TRUE. They are also used to bring visual stability and interest to a composition.

 FALSE. The fusion of Greek and Roman cultures happened during the classical period of
Greek art.
 TRUE. This can be seen in most Roman artworks and the establishment of Roman
Republic.

 FALSE. It was in the Baroque and Rocco Period that Roman theatrical plays were revived.
 TRUE. Another development in music this time was the contrast between loud and soft, solo
and ensemble.

Georges Seurat. He started the Pointillism Technique in painting.

Art Nouveau. Prevalent in this style of art are female silhouettes adorned with ornamental
themes.

NEOLITHIC PERIOD. The development of agriculture and discovery of bronze are from
what period of the Stone Age?
Archaic Period. A period in Greek sculpture where artists attempt to reveal the human body
in movement or repose.

KORE. This is a free-standing sculpture of a female figure, always of a young age.

Sarcophagus. An Egyptian art that functions as a container that holds the deceased body.

POST-IMPRESSIONISM. The works of Vincent Van Gough are part of what art movement.

Poseidon. The Greek god who sent the serpents that strangle Laocoon and his sons.

CLAUDE MONET. The following are post-impressionism artist, except?

Barocco. A Portuguese word which means an irregularly shaped pearl.

GREECE, ROME. Complete this sentence from Edgar Alan Poe’s “To Helen”. The glory that
was ____, the grandeur that was ______.

STONEHENGE. It was used as a complex calendar during the Stone Age.

IMPRESSIONISM. An art movement characterized by small and thin, yet visible brush
strokes.

Mannerism. An art movement of extreme drama, distorted figures and lacks of defined focal
point.
 In everyday language, the terms “modern” and “contemporary” are often used
interchangeably. In the context of art, however, they designate two distinct moments in art
history. There are specific definitions for both terms, and these definitions will help us to
establish an understanding of the images and themes that emerge in both styles of art.

MODERN ART
Modern art is a term that signifies the philosophy and style of the artworks produced
during the 1860-1970 era.
This art broke with convention, dealt with new eu matter, focused on conceptual
concerns, and changed the position of the artist within society.
The main objective of Modern art was to set aside the traditions of the past and put more
emphasis on experimentation with a new perspective of seeing the world.
Many styles of art developed during the modern period, including impressionism,
fauvism, cubism, expressionism, surrealism, pop art, op art, art nouveau, and art deco.

HOW MODERN ART USHERED A NEW ERA IN THE WORLD OF ART?

The Modernism movement introduced many fresh concepts in the world of art.
All of a sudden, many artists started exploring dreams, symbolism, and personal
iconography as their signature. Modern artists also experimented with the
expressive use of color, non-traditional materials and mediums

CONTEMPORARY ART
Simple and straightforward
The term “contemporary art” is generally regarded as referring to work made between
1970 and the present.
The year 1970 is the cutoff point for two reasons:
1. The 1970s saw the emergence of "postmodernism". The affix was a clue that
whatever followed was segregated from its precursor.
2. The 1970s saw the decline of the clearer identified artistic movement.
 It also implies art that is made by living artists, but essentially contemporary art is seen
as something that has never been done before
It emphasizes a rejection of the commercialization of the art world, but it is often
connected to the contemporary consumer-driven society.
The Contemporary Art era is known to produce more experimental works and tackles a wider
variety of social, economic and political issues. It made art as a whole to reflect the current
issues that hound our world today, such as racism, globalization, third-world country
oppression, feminism among many others.

WHAT DO MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART HAVE IN COMMON?

o M ode r n and c onte m por ar y ar t buil d on e xi sti ng subj e c t m att e r ,
the m e s that ar ti sts have incorporated into their work for ages. However,
changes in the world, new developments in art technologies, a revised
conception of art materials, and an expanding view of the definition of “art” have
changed the images artists create and the art forms artists choose to use

Arts of Emerging Europe

Being an integral part in
Europe, art has been used to
communicate ideologies and
belief
systems within their respective
contexts. The Greek and Roman
Civilizations were also known
as the Classical World for both
cultures aiming to embody the
epitome of all aspects of life.
With both influence and impact
of the aforementioned classical
worlds being far-reaching, both
civilizations tend to promote an
objective and widely accepted
standard for beauty.

Arts of Emerging Europe

 Being an integral part in
Europe, art has been used to
communicate ideologies and
belief
systems within their respective
contexts. The Greek and Roman
Civilizations were also known
as the Classical World for both
cultures aiming to embody the
epitome of all aspects of life.
With both influence and impact
of the aforementioned classical
worlds being far-reaching, both
civilizations tend to promote an
objective and widely accepted
standard for beauty.
Arts of Emerging Europe

Being an integral part in Europe, art has been used to communicate ideologies and belief
systems within their respective contexts. The Greek and Roman Civilizations were also known
as the Classical World for both cultures aiming to embody the epitome of all aspects of life.
With both influence and impact of the aforementioned classical worlds being far-reaching, both
civilizations tend to promote an objective and widely accepted standard for beauty.

Ancient Greece

Valuing poetry, drama and philosophy, the Greeks were known to excel in various
fields and aspects of society. One notable Greek contribution is the utilization of their
political will as the framework for modern democracy.
They were known to place prime importance in the use of reason. For this civilization, man
was the center of society. The Greeks were notably passionate about the occurrence of
natural phenomena and believed that nature should be in perfect order. These principles,
beliefs and ideologies are the core of Greek art and architecture.
The Development of Greek art can be divided into four periods: Geometric, Archaic,
Classical and Hellenistic. The Geometric Period was a time where the Greek was a time
where Greece was recovering from what seemed to be their Dark Ages. A period where
geometric shapes and patterns were the main subject in artworks. The Archaic Period, on
the other hand, placed importance on human figures. The peak of Greek sculpture and
architecture was during the Classical Period. The time of Alexander the Great was called the
Hellenistic Period. During this time, art was primarily focused on showcasing emotions and
depicting reality.
Theater and Drama can be traced back to Greek civilization. The followers of Dionysus, the
god of fertility, started Greek theater. Devotees would dance and give offerings to their god.
Eventually, the Greeks organized theatrical contests to be performed in front of a large
crowd of Greek citizens.

Ancient Rome
- Considered to be one of Western Europe’s mightiest empires, the Roman Republic was
established around 500 BCE. It can be said that the Roman civilization came of the age
during the Hellenistic Period. The Romans were fond of Greek culture and their
achievement in art.
- The fusion of Greek and Roman cultures can be observed in most Roman artworks. They
invoked the principles of realism in most of their artworks, highlighting features human
beings.
- Aside from this, the Romans were known as master builders, which earned their
reputation for their grand monuments and architectural infrastructure. One of their well-
known architectural achievements would have to be the Colosseum.
- Ancient Greece had a huge impact on the formation of Roman culture. Greek culture is
evident in Roman Theater and drama. Since the Roman audience were not as enthusiastic
as their Greek counterparts, most plays had to be included in Roman Games

Middle Ages

It is the period between the decline of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance. This period was
characterized by ignorance and darkness. Church was the central figure and authority of the
period and because of that, most important products of the Middle ages have to be copied
from the Christian scriptures. And those scriptures are hand written because printing press
came after the period. Great Cathedrals were also built and they are categorized into two
periods: Romanesque (1050-1200), inspired by the old Roman Empire; Gothic (1200-1500),
which had more northern flavor from the Goths - vulgar and barbaric.

Renaissance Art

During this period, artists valued the “individual” as a subject of arts. The focus of some
artworks during this period were shifted to empower the “individual”. Most artworks
emphasized naturalism since the proportionality of human body were emphasized. Artists also
gave important to nonreligious themes or subjects, however most artworks remained religious
in its focus and theme. There was also a revival of Roman theatrical plays.

Mannerism

A period in art history which was a product of Renaissance Period. During renaissance, artist
would observe nature and try their best to imitate it and as renaissance ended, artists copy
directly the subjects of existing art works. Most artworks during this period displayed distorted
figures, two dimensional spaces, discordant hues and colors, and lack of defined focal point.

Baroque and the Rococo

 Baroque is derived from Portuguese term barocco which means “irregularly shaped
pearl”. Rome is the birthplace of Baroque Period and was a response to Protestantism.
Expansion was the central theme of this period, which became very evident in artworks
produced this time. Motion and space were considered by the artists like the use of dramatic
lighting and the concept of time. During this period, music also flourished. This is because
people believe that music is powerful enough to be able to convey messages and stir the
feelings of its listener. Baroque music was able to clearly distinguished load from soft and solo
from ensemble. Most composers came from Italy and this include Vivaldi, Corelli, and
Monteverdi. Baroque composers began to make more complex musical composition and
performances. However, this kind of music is limited only to powerful institutions like church
and individuals like patrons. Eventually, this kind of performances was made accessible for
middle class and the masses.

Neoclassicism
Neoclassicism was a
movement in Europe that
transpired during the late
eighteenth and
early nineteenth centuries. It
was aimed to revive and
rekindle the influences of the
Greek and
Romans into art and
architecture. Some historians
would also say that this
movement was
movement a reaction to the
artworks produced during the
Baroque Period.
Romanticism
Romanticism, as an art
movement, used the central
theories of Neoclassicist
artworks
as a springboard. Romanticists
have highlighted heroic
elements into their work.
During the
Age of Revolutions, there has
been a tremendous focus on
patriotic and nationalistic
movements. Such revolutionary
movements became the focal
point of most Romantic works.
The major and central theme
of Romanticism movement
include the emphasis on the
goodness of mankind. Most
works also promoted justice,
equality and social order.
Artists also
emphasized emotions and
feelings of man which was a
deviation from the humanist
principles
of rationalism.
Neoclassicism

Neoclassicism was a movement in Europe that transpired during the late eighteenth and early
nineteenth centuries. It was aimed to revive and rekindle the influences of the Greek and
Romans into art and architecture. Some historians would also say that this movement
was movement a reaction to the artworks produced during the Baroque Period.

Romanticism

Romanticism, as an art movement, used the central theories of Neoclassicist artworks as a

springboard. Romanticists have highlighted heroic elements into their work. During the Age of
Revolutions, there has been a tremendous focus on patriotic and nationalistic
movements. Such revolutionary movements became the focal point of most Romantic works.
The major and central theme of Romanticism movement include the emphasis on the goodness
of mankind. Most works also promoted justice, equality and social order. Artists also
emphasized emotions and feelings of man which was a deviation from the humanist principles
of rationalism.

Realism

Realism as a style of work focuses on the accuracy of details that depicts and somehow mirrors
reality. There is little room for imagination in this movement since emphasis is placed in
observable traits that can concretize through artwork. As a modern art movement, Realism
veered away from traditional forms of art. It has revolutionized themes and techniques
in paintings. Furthermore, this movement also expanded and widened existing notions of what
can be considered as art.

Impressionism
The impressionism movement started in France, which led to a break from the tradition in
European painting. Impressionism is a style painting that emerged in the mid to late 1800s.
Impressionist artists incorporated scientific principles to achieve a more distinct representation
of color. The said impression is communicated by the artist through his work and can be seen
through the brushstrokes, distinction of colors and the lights used by the artist.

Post-Impressionism

Upon realizing the limitations and flaws of impressionism, artists in France eventually
developed an individual style that emphasizes the use of broken colors and short brush stroke.
Some famous artists of this art movement include Paul Cezanne, Georges Seurat, Paul
Gauguin, & Vincent van Gogh, whose works became the framework of techniques and trends
used in the 20th century.

Neo-Impressionism

Most painters of this movement rely on systematic & scientific techniques that have
predetermined visual effects on the art work and the audience themselves. Georges
Seurat developed a technique called pointillism that utilizes dots & dashes of pure color, which
are believed to blend with the vie

wer’s perspective. Other neo-impressionists were Henri-Edmond Cross, Maximilien Luce, &
Camille Pissarro

Art Nouveau
This ornamental style of art,
developed between 1890 &
1910 in Europe and the United
States, uses long & organic
lines which are commonly
found in architecture, jewelry,
& glass
design. Its defining
characteristic, the
asymmetrical line, is done in
a graceful and elegant
manner usually in the form of
insect wings or flower stalks.
Fauvism
This art movement in France
was called revolutionary
because of their use of
explosive
and vibrant colors straight into
the canvas itself. The fauves,
painted directly from nature like
the impressionists but differs
with how they portray their
subjects with strong &
expressive
reaction. Most Fauvists rejects
the conservative & traditional
rendering of three-dimensional
space.
Cubism
Introduced by French artists
Pablo Picasso and Georges
Braque between 1907 and
1914, cubism would later on
have a huge influence on artists
of the twentieth century.
Cubists
focused on a flat surface
rejecting dominant techniques
like the use of perspective,
foreshortening and modelling.
Cubists emphasized that they
are not in a way obliged to copy
texture, form, color and space.
Futurism
An early twentieth
century art movement that
started in Italy which
highlighted the
speed, energy, dynamism and
power of machines. In addition,
common themes for works in
this movement are restlessness
and the fast-pace of the
modern life. Italian poet and
editor
Filippon Tomasso Marinetti
coined the term “futurism” to
reflect his purpose of
disregarding
the traditional methods of the
past.
Art Nouveau
This ornamental style of art, developed between 1890 & 1910 in Europe and the United States,
uses long & organic lines which are commonly found in architecture, jewelry, & glass design. Its
defining characteristic, the asymmetrical line, is done in a graceful and elegant manner
usually in the form of insect wings or flower stalks.

Fauvism

This art movement in France was called revolutionary because of their use of explosive and
vibrant colors straight into the canvas itself. The fauves, painted directly from nature like the
impressionists but differs with how they portray their subjects with strong & expressive
reaction. Most Fauvists rejects the conservative & traditional rendering of three-dimensional
space.

Cubism

Introduced by French artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque between 1907 and 1914,
cubism would later on have a huge influence on artists of the twentieth century. Cubists
focused on a flat surface rejecting dominant techniques like the use of perspective,
foreshortening and modelling. Cubists emphasized that they are not in a way obliged to copy
texture, form, color and space.

Futurism

An early twentieth century art movement that started in Italy which highlighted the speed,
energy, dynamism and power of machines. In addition, common themes for works in this
movement are restlessness and the fast-pace of the modern life. Italian poet and editor
Filippon Tomasso Marinetti coined the term “futurism” to reflect his purpose of disregarding
the traditional methods of the past.

1. What is the name of the famous Hellenistic sculpture about a Trojan priest and his sons? -
Lacoon and His Sons
2. What period gave importance to human figures? - Archaic period
3. Romans are known to be? - Master builders
4. The period bet. the decline of the Roman empire and the Renaissance. - middle ages
5. A Portuguese term w/c means "irregularly shaped pearl" - barocco
6. A powerful tool to communicate messages that can evoke certain feelings to it's listeners. -
music
7. A movement in Europe that aimed to revive and rekindle the influences of Greek and
Roman into art and architecture. - Neoclassicism
8. The major and central themes of this movement include the emphasis on the goodness of
mankind. - Romanticism
9. An art movement w/c highlighted the speed, energy, dynamism and power of machines. -
futurism
10. A style of painting that emerged in France around the turn of the 20th century. - Fauvism
11. What period is the time of Alexander the Great? – Hellenistic Period
12. The period where geometric shapes and patterns are mostly seen in artworks? – Geometric
Period
13. Who is the God of fertility? – Dionysus
14. Cathedrals can be categorized into two periods namely __ and __. – Romanesque and
Gothic.
15. During this period, artists valued the “individual” as a subject of arts. – Renaissance
16. A product of the renaissance period. – mannerism 18. This movement reexamined existing
belief systems and traditions. – Realism
17. A style of painting that use pure and vibrant colors from the paint tubes and apply it
directly to the canvas. – Fauvism
18. An art movement w/c is a result of both the influence and rejection of impressionism. –
Post-Impressionism