Determinants +Cramer's+Rule

Determinants : Lesson - 2
Determinants: Cramer's
Rule
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APPLICATIONS:
We use determinants to solve systems of “linear” equations.

Cramer’s Rule:
Let, d1 a2 a3 a1 d1 a3 a1 a2 d1
a1x + a2 y + a3z = d1 d2 b2 b3 D2 = b1 d2 b3 D3 = b1 b2 d2
D1 =
b1x + b2 y + b3z = d2 c2 c3 c1 d3 c3 c1 c2 d3
d3
c1x + c2 y + c3z = d3
a1 a2 a3 D1 D2 D3
x= ; y= ; z=
b1 b2 b3 D D D
D =
c1 c2 c3
CRAMER’S RULE
D≠ 0 D =0
At least One D1, D2, D 1, D 2, D 3 = 0

D3 ≠ 0 D1 = D 2 = D 3 Consistent One of D1, D2,
Consistent =0 Infinitely Solutions D3 ≠ 0
Unique non-zero Consistent (except // lines) Inconsistent
Trivial solution trivial solution No solution No solution
Homogeneous Equations
AX = 0
|A| ≠ 0 |A| = 0
Trivial solutions
x=y=z=0
Infinite Solutions x,y, z not then all O’s
(trivial) for consistency
& nontrivial
Example 1 Solve for x and y ; 2x + 3y = 8 3x + y = 5

Example Solve for x and y ; 2x + 3y = 8 3x + y = 5
Solution : 2 3
D= = 2 × 1 – 3 × 3 = –7 D1 –7
3 1 x= = =1 ;
D –7
8 3
D1= = 8 × 1 – 3 × 5 = –7 D2 –14
5 1 y= = =2
D 7
2 8
D2= = 2 × 5 – 8 × 3 = –14
3 5 ∴ x = 1 and y = 2
Example 2: 5x – 7y + z = 11
Solve: 6x – 8y – z = 15
3x + 2y – 6z = 7
Example: 5x – 7y + z = 11
Solve: 6x – 8y – z = 15
3x + 2y – 6z = 7
Solution:
5 –7 1 5 11 1
D= 6 –8 –1 = 55 D2 = 6 15 –1 = –55
3 2 –6 3 7 –6
11 –7 1 5 –7 11
D1 = 15 –8 –1 = 55 D3 = 6 –8 15 = –55
7 2 –6 3 2 7
Example 5x + 7y + z = 11
6x + 82 y + z = 15
3x + 2y + 6z = 7
Solution : Using Cramer’s Rule,

D1 55
∴x = = 1;
= D 55
D2 –55 x = 1; y = –1; z = –1
∴y = = –1;
= D 55
D3 –55
∴z = = –1
= D 55
Q1. For what values of p and q, the system of equations 2x + py + 6z = 8,

x + 2y + qz = 5, x + y + 3z = 4 has
(i) no solution,
(ii) a unique solution,
(iii) infinitely many solutions.
Solution:
Q2. λx + 2y + 2z = 5
2λx + 3y + 5z = 8
4x + λy + 6z = 10 for the system of equation check the correct option.
A Infinite solutions when λ = 8 8th Jan 2020-(Shift 2)
B Infinite solutions when λ = 2
C no solutions when λ = 8
D no solutions when λ = 2
Solution:
Q2. λx + 2y + 2z = 5
2λx + 3y + 5z = 8
4x + λy + 6z = 10 for the system of equation check the correct option.
A Infinite solutions when λ = 8 8th Jan 2020-(Shift 2)
B Infinite solutions when λ = 2
C no solutions when λ = 8
D no solutions when λ = 2
Q3. If the system of linear equations2x + 2ay + az = 0

2x + 3by + bz = 0
2x + 4cy + cz = 0
Where a, b, c ∈ R are non- zero and distinct; has a non -zero solution
then:
A
D
Solution:
Q3. If the system of linear equations

2x + 2ay + az = 0
2x + 3by + bz = 0
2x + 4cy + cz = 0
Where a, b, c ∈ R are non- zero and distinct; has a non -zero solution
then:
A
D
Q4. The system of linear equations x + y + z = 2, 2x + 3y + 2z = 5,

2x + 3y + (a2 - 1) = a + 1
A is inconsistent when a = 4
B has a unique solution for |a| =
C has infinitely many solutions for a = 4
D is inconsistent when |a| =

Solution:
Q4. The system of linear equations x + y + z = 2, 2x + 3y + 2z = 5,

2x + 3y + (a2 - 1) = a + 1
A is inconsistent when a = 4
B has a unique solution for |a| =
C has infinitely many solutions for a = 4
D is inconsistent when |a| =

Q5. The set of all values of X for which the system of linear equations :
2x1 - 2x2 + x3 = λx1 2x1 - 3x2 + 2x3 = λx2 -x1 + 2x2 = λx3
has a non-trivial solution,
A is a singleton. JEE (Main) 2015
B contains two elements.
C contains more than two elements.
D is an empty set.
Solution:
Q5. The set of all values of X for which the system of linear equations :
2x1 - 2x2 + x3 = λx1 2x1 - 3x2 + 2x3 = λx2 -x1 + 2x2 = λx3
has a non-trivial solution,
JEE (Main) 2015

A is a singleton.
B contains two elements.
C contains more than two elements.
D is an empty set.
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Q6. For what values of k, the following system of equations possesses a

non-trivial solution over the set of rationals : x + ky + 3z = 0,
3x + ky -2z = 0, 2x + 3y - 4z = 0.
Also find the solution for this value of k.
Solution:
Q7. If the system of linear equations x + y +z = 6, x + 2y + 3z = 14 and

2x + 5y + λz = has a unique solution, then
A λ≠8
B λ = 8, μ ≠ 36
C λ = 8, μ = 36
D None of these
Solution:
Q7. If the system of linear equations x + y +z = 6, x + 2y + 3z = 14 and 2x +

5y + λz = has a unique solution, then
A λ≠8
B λ = 8, μ ≠ 36
C λ = 8, μ = 36
D None of these
Q8. The number of values of k for which the system of equations

(k + 1)x + 8y = 4k; kx + (k + 3)y = 3k - 1 has infinitely many solutions is
A 0
B 1
C 2
D infinite
Solution:
Q8. The number of values of k for which the system of equations

(k + 1)x + 8y = 4k; kx + (k + 3)y = 3k - 1 has infinitely many solutions is
A 0
B 1
C 2
D infinite
Q9. Solve by Cramer’s rule

Solution:
Thank You

Determinants +Cramer's+Rule

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Determinants : Lesson - 2

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We use determinants to solve systems of “linear” equations.

At least One D1, D2, D 1, D 2, D 3 = 0

Example 1 Solve for x and y ; 2x + 3y = 8 3x + y = 5

Example Solve for x and y ; 2x + 3y = 8 3x + y = 5

Solution : Using Cramer’s Rule,

Q1. For what values of p and q, the system of equations 2x + py + 6z = 8,

A Inﬁnite solutions when λ = 8 8th Jan 2020-(Shift 2)

B Inﬁnite solutions when λ = 2

A Inﬁnite solutions when λ = 8 8th Jan 2020-(Shift 2)

B Inﬁnite solutions when λ = 2

Q3. If the system of linear equations2x + 2ay + az = 0

Q3. If the system of linear equations

Q4. The system of linear equations x + y + z = 2, 2x + 3y + 2z = 5,

B has a unique solution for |a| =

C has inﬁnitely many solutions for a = 4

D is inconsistent when |a| =

Q4. The system of linear equations x + y + z = 2, 2x + 3y + 2z = 5,

B has a unique solution for |a| =

C has inﬁnitely many solutions for a = 4

D is inconsistent when |a| =

B contains two elements.

C contains more than two elements.

JEE (Main) 2015

B contains two elements.

C contains more than two elements.

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Q6. For what values of k, the following system of equations possesses a

Q7. If the system of linear equations x + y +z = 6, x + 2y + 3z = 14 and

Q7. If the system of linear equations x + y +z = 6, x + 2y + 3z = 14 and 2x +

Q8. The number of values of k for which the system of equations

Q8. The number of values of k for which the system of equations

Q9. Solve by Cramer’s rule

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