9/7/2020 Top 10 CCNA Questions – CiscoNet Solutions

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Top 10 CCNA Questions

Cisco will typically make the newer questions somewhat easier to start with. After
12 months you can count on more di cult questions from wireless, security, and
SDN topics. The top ten list includes newer topics and core networking topics.

Network Addressing

This is a skill that is required across a variety of CCNA topics and questions.
Subnetting is required to con gure network interfaces and read a routing table.
You should know how to distinguish between classful and classless addressing,
and when to apply subnet masks or wildcard masks.

In fact, subnet masks and wildcard masks a ect what routes are advertised from
a routing protocol to neighbor routers . Learn binary to decimal conversion and
how to create your own subnetting table for quick reference. Consider as well that
DHCP, DNS and NAT are all network addressing services.

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Route Selection

Do you know how to read a routing table and how a route is selected to a
destination subnet? You should know how to list the routing table on a router and
verify what if any routes exist to the server subnet.

So the question will test your knowledge of administrative distance, longest

match rule and path metrics. Not to mention protocol operation for OSPF and
rules for establishing network connectivity. One question will essentially test
your knowledge of several di erent concepts.

IP Routing Table

Routing Protocol: OSPFv2

There is a signi cant shift now to an internet-based IP connectivity model.

OSPFv2 is a scalable IPv4-only routing protocol. EIGRP was previously created
for multiprotocol routing and RIP is not scalable for mobile and cloud
connections.

There are several layers of knowledge with OSPFv2 routing protocol and
signi cant coverage. It is the only routing protocol included with the new exam.
Know how to do basic con guration of single-area and verify your con guration
for neighbor connectivity. Know administrative distance, metrics and OSPF
neighbor adjacency. Understand how designated routers (DR) are elected and
router ID for single-area OSPFv2.

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Simulation Network Topology

Wireless Concepts

There is now coverage of wireless fundamentals and con guration topics on the
upcoming CCNA exam. You will have to know RF cell characteristics along with
SSID, channel allocation and WPA2 security protocol. There are going to be
questions as well on wireless architectures and managing devices. In fact wireless
is going to cross multiple domains.

Network Security

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Not a surprise that security has been expanded and now on the top ten list of must
know for the CCNA exam. In fact, CCNA security certi cation is becoming quite
popular with the complexity of public internet connections and creativity of
hacker attacks. The CCNA topics are basic and very reasonable testing your
knowledge of initial setup and recommended commands for device hardening of
routers and switches.

The primary topics include console security, enable passwords, VTY line access,
password encryption and SSH. In addition there is ARP inspection, DHCP
snooping and newer wireless encryption protocols. Cisco has added what could be
termed security management topics as well. That is the result of so much internet
cloud connectivity.

Static Routing

Most routers will have at least one routing protocol enabled to advertise local
subnets and receive routes from neighbors. Most routers are going to have some
static routes for a variety of purposes. There is some additional maintenance and
complexity that goes along with any dynamic routing protocols.

Static routes also include default routes and oating routes common to most
con gurations. Most internet connections from a branch o ce will require only a
default route. You have to know static routing to read a routing table and
understand how they a ect route selection.

Switch Trunking

Switch trunking requires that you rst understand switch interfaces, VLANs,
encapsulation and VLAN pruning. As a result the questions are really testing your
knowledge of multiple switching concepts.

Practically speaking all switches have trunk interfaces and they enable
communication between multiple VLAN segments.  DTP is a dynamic trunking
alternative to static trunk interfaces with multiple modes that control when a
trunk is established between switches.

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Access Control Lists (ACL)

When it comes to the CCNA exam, learn as much as you can about all types of
ACLs. There are four groups: standard ACL, standard named ACL, extended ACL
and extended named ACL. They are so prevalent on routers and rewalls that you
have to know basic con guration of an ACL and also how to apply them correctly.

ACLs a ect how tra c ltering works and is key to network security. Any ACL
requires a lter command along with a direction and network interface as
primary attributes to permit or deny tra c.

Automation and Programmability

CCNA 200-301 exam includes a signi cant amount of wireless and network

programmability. That is attributed to the popularity of mobile devices, cloud
computing and SDN architecture. Cisco is aligning the CCNA certi cation exam
with a shift to internet-based connectivity model.

The management and troubleshooting of network infrastructure is being

radically changed with SDN open source architecture. Cisco has enabled
programmable features on their devices and virtualization from physical

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equipment to software services. They have virtual appliances and CCNA engineers
now support private and cloud data center connections.

Key topics include Cisco DNA Center along with fabric overlays, underlays and
controller-based network management. Some additional topics are SDN
architecture, JSON, RESTful API, and virtualization concepts.

CCNA IOS Commands

The following are core IOS commands that you must know to verify network
connectivity and operational state.

show running-con g
show ip interface brief
show ip route
show interfaces trunk
show vlan
show cdp neighbor
show etherchannel summary
show ip ospf neighbor
show ip ospf interface
show access-lists
show ip dhcp binding
ipcon g /all

IPv6 addressing change IOS commands slightly. For example show ip route will
display all IPv4 routes in the routing table. IPv6 routes are displayed with show
ipv6 route when IPv6 addressing is enabled.

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