Heat Treatable Steel

EDELSTAHL WITTEN-KREFELD GMBH
THYROFORT
THYROFORT Special engineering steels
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
Heat-treatable steels
Contents
Page 4 – 5 General
Page 6 – 7 Special features
Page 8 – 9 Steel portraits
Page 10 – 13 Application examples
Page 14 – 15 Steel production
Page 16 – 17 Steel processing
Technical information
Page 18 – 20 Overview of grades and chemical composition
Page 21 – 22 Minimum yield points and tensile strength ranges
Material data
Page 24 – 65 Material data sheets
Page 66 – 68 Thyrofort – The basics
Page 69 – 70 Heat treatment – Schematic representation
Page 71 Sampling according to DIN EN 10083
Page 72 – 73 Ruling heat treatment diameter
Page 74 Comparison of international standards
Page 75 Hardness comparison table
Page 76 Forms supplied
Page 77 Temperature Comparison
Page 78 List of photos
3
THYROFORT
A tough type through and

Wherever machines and their
Thyrofort,
components have to withstand
high dynamic stresses, the use of
Heat-treatable steels acquire
their high yield point, tensile
strength and fatigue strength
special, high-performance steel (combined with great toughness!)
grades is essential. If a compo- by being hardened and tempered
nent breaks, the machine grinds to at above 450 °C but below the
a halt, the entire installation has to microstructural transformation
be stopped! Choosing the opti- temperature. The great strength of
mum steel for the respective com- our Thyrofort steels is their opti-
ponent is of decisive importance mum adaptation to the respective
for productivity, cost-efficiency application.
and, above all, for safety. Thyrofort Optimum full quenching and tem-
is our brand name for high- pering is guaranteed by choosing
strength heat-treatable steels. the suitable steel as a function of
Compared to case-hardening the workpiece cross-section.
steels, these grades have a higher The extraordinary purity and the
carbon content in the region of homogeneity of the microstructure
about 0.20 to 0.60%. While case- ensure consistent mechanical
hardened steels have a hard case properties, even with large cross-
and a tough core, heat-treated sections.
steels are characterized by high Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld is in a
strength all the way from the case position to supply round billets of
to the core. up to 750 mm diameter and ma-
These two types of steel are a chined material of up to 400 mm
perfect match in large gearboxes: diameter. In this context, the
the gearwheels are made of case- strength and toughness can be
hardened steel, while heat-treated specifically adjusted and combined
steel is used for the shafts. to meet the demands on the re-
spective component.
4
General
through -
if you have big things in mind
Thyrofort heat-treatable steels
offer excellent hot formability.
Cold formability and machinability
are dependent on the carbon con-
tent and the crystalline structure.
Appropriate alloying and heat
treatment permit adjustment of
the microstructure for optimum
machinability.
The top quality of Thyrofort steels
is achieved through high process
reliability and modern installations
for melting, highly developed sec-
ondary metallurgy, vertical contin-
uous casting, remelting, hot
forming and modern test facilities.
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld is in a
position to offer you a tailor-made
heat-treatable steel for every
application and every component.
Ask our material specialists for
advice.
Thyrofort – designed for
extraordinary stresses
5
Spot-on analysis
Thyrofort – accura
The strength and toughness of
the base material are determined
by its chemical composition and
to precise
the heat treatment it undergoes.
Consequently, the required prop- steels and nickel-chromium-
erties are already specifically molybdenum heat-treatable
aimed for when melting the steel. steels.
The facilities in Witten and
Krefeld enable us to achieve a Maximum purity
spot-on, reliably reproducible Extremely high purity is achieved
chemical composition. by secondary metallurgical treat-
ment, vertical continuous casting,
Specific hardenability or by remelting. Undesirable non-
By selecting the right alloying ele- metallic inclusions are virtually
ments, we can specifically adapt ruled out.
the hardenability of the material
to the geometry of the respective Highly reliable fine grain
component. The fine grain of our Thyrofort
The most important alloying ele- grades is achieved in a highly reli-
ments for heat-treatable steels able and controllable manner by
are chromium, nickel, molyb- targeted adjustment of the alu-
denum and vanadium. In addition minium and nitrogen contents. High fatigue strength
to unalloyed heat-treatable steels, No other manufacturer of special In heat-treatable steels, the differ-
we also offer the following alloyed steel can beat the high degree of ent service properties required for
versions: chromium-alloyed heat- macroscopic and microscopic the individual components, such
treatable steels, chromium- purity and the homogeneity of the as high strength under static and
molybdenum heat-treatable microstructure of our Thyrofort dynamic stress, toughness and
steels, chromium-nickel-molybde- steels. hardness, are set by way of the
num heat-treatable steels, chemical composition and a se-
chromium-vanadium heat-treatable quence of heat treatment opera-
6
Special features
tely adapted
requirements
The machinability of heat-treated
steels is influenced by the
microstructure, the strength and
the non-metallic inclusions (sul-
phides, oxides).
Further optimisation of the
machinability can be achieved
through increasing the level of
sulphidic inclusions, by calcium
treatment and by heat treatment,
i.e. by specifically adjusting the
microstructure.
Customised heat treatment

Depending on the envisaged ap-
plication and processing, we can
supply you with Thyrofort steel
tions. Additional surface harden- Good machinability grades in a wide variety of treated
ing by inductive heating increases The larger the quantity of compo- conditions, e.g. with reduced
the wear resistance. nents to be manufactured, the hardness or within a given
more important it is for the materi- strength range.
al to have good machinability. This Detailed technical information on
means the cost-effectiveness of as-delivered conditions and pro-
series production is already partly cessing can be found starting on
determined when ordering a spe- Page 66.
cific steel grade.
7
Unalloyed
• THYROFORT C22E
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress auto-
motive and mechanical engineering parts
offering good weldability
• THYROFORT C35E
• THYROFORT C35R
motive and mechanical engineering parts
We’ve got far more than

just the average
Unalloyed or alloyed
Unalloyed or alloyed heat-
treatable steels – the choice of
material is determined by the na-
ture of the load, the component
geometry and the processing
method.
The unalloyed Thyrofort grades
contain not only manganese, but
also carbon as the main alloying
element. The tensile strength and
yield point rise with increasing
carbon content.
The alloyed steels are character-
ized by greater hardenability and
better resistance to tempering.
Compared to the unalloyed
grades, they offer better through- Our partners in the steel trade Make use of our extensive capa-
hardening, enhanced toughness offer a wide selection of Thyrofort bilities and let us act as your
and a higher ratio of yield stress grades in all standard sizes. “extended workbench”.
to tensile strength. Talk to our specialists about the
Unmachined or machined individual, tailor-made solution
Rolled or forged Our strength are steel grades not you require.
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld supplies only in a variety of hot-formed
a wide variety of rolled and forged products, but also in various pro-
products, from bar steel, universal cessing stages. Our processing
plate/flat dimensions and semis, operations range from rough-
all the way to open-die forgings in machining to bright surfaces with
different heat-treated conditions. close tolerances, all the way to
ready-to-install components.
8
Steel portraits
• THYROFORT Cf35 Alloyed
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress auto- • THYROFORT 34 CrMo 4
motive and mechanical engineering parts, • THYROFORT 34 CrMoS 4
• THYROFORT 46 Cr 2
also suitable for surface hardening CrMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel with high
• THYROFORT 46 CrS 2
Cr-alloyed heat-treatable steel for low-stress toughness, for mechanical engineering and
• THYROFORT C45E automotive and mechanical engineering automotive parts, e.g. axle shafts, tyres,
• THYROFORT C45R parts, as well as for fastening elements steering stubs, gas cylinders
motive and mechanical engineering parts, • THYROFORT 42 CrMo 4
• THYROFORT 34 Cr 4
also suitable for surface hardening • THYROFORT 42 CrMoS 4
• THYROFORT 34 CrS 4
Cr-alloyed heat-treatable steel for automotive CrMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel with high
• THYROFORT Cf45 and mechanical engineering parts, e.g. drive, toughness, for mechanical engineering and
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress auto- automotive parts, e.g. spars, connecting
axle and steering components
motive and mechanical engineering parts, rods, gears, pinions and tyres, as well as for
also suitable for surface hardening components for low-temperature applica-
tions
in stock • THYROFORT 50 CrMo 4

CrMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel with high
toughness, for automotive parts, e.g. rings,
tyres, liners, shafts, axles, steering compo-
nents
• THYROFORT 30 CrMoV 9
CrMoV-alloyed heat-treatable steel with high
yield point and toughness, for highly-
stressed parts in general mechanical engi-
neering and for fastening elements, such as
bolt turnbuckles
• THYROFORT 36 CrNiMo 4
CrNiMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for very
highly-stressed parts in general mechanical
engineering, with good toughness and high
strength, e.g. fastening elements, acces-
sories for oil and gas drilling
• THYROFORT 34 CrNiMo 6
CrNiMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for
highly-stressed parts in general mechanical
engineering with large cross-sections and
high toughness requirements in the low-tem-
perature range, e.g. axles, drive components,
fastening elements, shafts
• THYROFORT Cf53 • THYROFORT 37 Cr 4
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress auto- • THYROFORT 37 CrS 4 • THYROFORT 30 CrNiMo 8
motive and mechanical engineering parts, Cr-alloyed heat-treatable steel for automotive CrNiMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for
also suitable for surface hardening and mechanical engineering parts, e.g. drive, highly-stressed parts in general mechanical
axle and steering components engineering with large cross-sections and
• THYROFORT C55E uniform toughness requirements over the
• THYROFORT C55R • THYROFORT 41 Cr 4 cross-section, e.g. pinion and turbine shafts
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress auto- • THYROFORT 41 CrS 4
motive and mechanical engineering parts, Cr-alloyed heat-treatable steel for automotive • THYROFORT 36 NiCrMo 16
also suitable for surface hardening and mechanical engineering parts, e.g. drive, NiCrMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for very
axle and steering components highly-stressed parts in general mechanical
• THYROFORT C60E engineering with high tensile and impact
• THYROFORT C60R • THYROFORT 51 CrV 4 strength, suitable for air and oil hardening ,
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress auto- CrV-alloyed heat-treatable steel for fairly e.g. demolition tools, components for oil and
motive and mechanical engineering parts, large, highly wear-resistant parts gas extraction
for strengths in the region of 700 N/mm2
• THYROFORT 25 CrMo 4
• THYROFORT 28 Mn 6 • THYROFORT 25 CrMoS 4
Mn-alloyed heat-treatable steel for low-stress CrMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel with high
automotive and mechanical engineering toughness and good welding properties, for
parts with adequate weldability mechanical engineering and automotive
parts, e.g. axle shafts, steering stubs, turbine
parts, rotor disks
9
Thyrofort – whenever you
to make comp
Nothing can take the place of crankshafts in shipbuilding, for
safety. That’s why it’s advisable injection systems in marine diesel
to use Thyrofort steel grades to engines, for shafts in locomotive
manufacture components that are and wagon construction, for
subject to high demands on safe- crankshafts, connecting rods,
ty – and also on production relia- axles, steering stubs, steering
bility. Crankshafts, for example, components and wheel hubs in
are exposed to high dynamic truck construction, for landing-
stresses. If the crankshaft of a gear and control elements in avia-
Formula 1 engine breaks, that’s tion, for safety couplings and
unfortunate and the race is lost. If mast suspension units for aerial
the shaft of a ship’s diesel engine ropeways, for tools in oil and gas
breaks, that’s a disaster and the exploration, e.g. drive subs, for
ship is incapable of manoeuvring. turbine shafts in power stations.
Be it extreme short-term loads or It’s also a job for Thyrofort when-
high, constant loads – our high- ever high precision and absolute,
strength Thyrofort steel grades permanent freedom from distor-
can be exactly adapted to the tion are required, e.g. in the re-
stresses involved by way of tar- circulating ball screws and linear
geted alloying, hardening and guides of machine tools. And the
tempering. Thyrofort “safety experts” are
also the ones who guarantee reli-
In other words, the “safety ex- able functioning in the high-tech
perts” from Witten-Krefeld are the field: the turbopumps of the
right choice whenever you can’t Ariane are made of Thyrofort.
afford to make compromises: for
10
Application examples
THYROFORT
can’t afford
romises …
11
THYROFORT
Thyrofort is also the right choice

when things get rough and tough
in the building industry, too. On
the one hand, the chisels of demo-
lition hammers, or the teeth of
excavators and rippers, need to
have the right strength in order not
to break. On the other hand, they
need to be given long-term wear
resistance by way of appropriate
hardening.
The high resistance to pressure
also makes Thyrofort steel grades
ideally safe materials, e.g. for the
manufacture of steel cylinders for
industrial gases and oxygen, as
well as for pipeline construction.
12
Thyrofort –
the “safety experts”
from Witten and Krefeld
13
We make our own steel,
modern steelworks in Witten isrecipes
Our own steel production in our melting (VAR) furnaces is avail-
able in Krefeld for the production
the basis for the purity and homo- of heat treatable steels involving
geneity of our heat-treatable particularly stringent demands in
steels. Precisely defined proper- terms of homogeneity of their
ties are achieved by means of microstructure and their purity. Remelting facilities
exact alloying and process speci-

ESR
fications for melting, forming Electroslag remelting process

and heat treatment. The steels In the electroslag remelting VAR
are melted in a 130 t electric arc process (ESR), which works with
furnace. alternating current, a cast or
The metallurgical precision work forged, self-consuming electrode
is performed in a downstream is immersed in a bath of molten
Ladle
ladle furnace of the same size. slag, which serves as an electrical furnace
Depending on the steel grade and resistor.

the dimensions of the end prod- The material to be remelted drips Scrap 130 t electric Ladle tank
arc furnace degasser
(VD / VOD)
uct, the steel melted in this way is from the end of the electrode Main production routes
cast in ingots or continuous cast through the slag and forms the EDELSTAHL WITTEN-KREFELD GMBH
THYSSEN KRUPP STAHL AG

blooms. Over 50 different mould new ingot in a water-cooled
formats are available for ingot mould below. The heat dissipa-
casting, ranging from 600 kg to tion leads to directional solidifica-
160 t. tion in the direction of the longi- tion, and acting as an anti-oxidant
The continuous cast blooms are tudinal ingot axis. for the melting bath of the new
manufactured in two strands on a The remelting slag fulfils several ingot. In addition, the slag has a
vertical continuous casting ma- functions in this process. On the high capacity for absorbing non-
chine in a 475 x 340 mm format. one hand, it develops the neces- metallic inclusions, which means
A remelting steelworks with two sary process heat, while at the that the remelted material is free
electroslag remelting (ESR) fur- same time supporting chemical of coarse inclusions. The im-
naces and two vacuum arc re- reactions, such as desulphurisa- provement in the microscopic
14
Steel production
using reliable
and the best ingredients
Blooming-slabbing mill
got casting
Products
Machining
Long forging • As-cast ingots / As-continu-
machines ously-cast bloom material
Finishing
departments,
forging shops • Open-die forgings
as-forged or machined
As-forged • Forged semis

LSX 55 Heat
33 MN press treatment • Forged round billets for
facilities Peeling machines tubemaking
as-forged or machined
Finishing • Forged bar steel
LSX 25 departments, as-forged or machined
rolling mills
• Machined tool steel
forged or rolled
As-rolled
• Rolled semis
• Rolled tube rounds

as-rolled or peeled
uous bloom caster
• Rolled bar steel
5 x 340 mm, as-rolled or machined
2 strands Untreated
• Universal plate and flats

Blooming/billet/large-size
bar rolling mill • Special products
purity is attributable to desulphur-

isation and the resultant high
degree of sulphidic purity, and
also to a reduction in the size and Thyrofort – consistent
quantity of oxidic inclusions.
top quality
through process reliability
15
Thyrofort – made
your “extended workbench”
Vacuum arc remelting process lowest possible sulphur content
The vacuum arc remelting (VAR) has to be set prior to remelting, in
process works with cast or order also to meet the most strin-
forged, self-consuming elec- gent demands on the degree of
trodes in a vacuum. sulphidic purity. Moreover, this
Using an electric arc in a vacuum, process guarantees the lowest
a melting bath is generated in a possible quantities of dissolved
copper crucible, which acts as gases in the steel and a homo-
the opposite pole to the remelting geneous microstructure free of
electrode and is connected to a segregation.
DC voltage source via current
contacts. Hot forming and finishing
A new ingot is formed from the The blooming mill in Witten pro-
liquefied electrode material drop duces semi-finished products,
by drop in a continuous process. steel bars and universal plate/flat
In the VAR process, refinement of dimensions. Two modern finishing
the steel is brought about by the lines for checking the inner and
reaction of the oxygen dissolved outer surface condition, as well
in the steel with the carbon in the as the dimensions and identity,
molten material under the effect are available for rolled and forged
of the vacuum. This results in the products and steel bars. The
best possible degree of micro- forge is equipped with a 33 MN
scopic oxidic purity and freedom press, a GFM LSX 55 horizontal
from macroscopic inclusions. As long forging machine and a GFM
no desulphurisation takes place LSX 25 long forging machine.
during this remelting process, the
16
Steel processing
-to-measure work from
parts. We put extensive consult-

ing know-how and modern ma-
chining facilities at the disposal
of our customers.
After straightening, rolled or
forged bar steel and round billets
up to 300 mm diameter for tube-
making can be peeled, pressure
polished and chamfered in
Krefeld and Witten. Rotationally
symmetrical parts with a piece
weight of up to 20 tonnes are
manufactured in Krefeld on con-
ventional and modern CNC lathes
and grinding machines. The key
production fields are shafts, cylin-
ders and rolls for continuous
casting.
Machining
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld offers
not only an optimum material in Our facilities
various forms, but also pre-
machined and ready-to-install pay off for you
17
Overview of grades and
chemical compositions
Unalloyed steels Depending on the type and quan- Boron-alloyed steels
Apart from carbon, unalloyed tity of the alloying element added, The development of cheaper
steels contain manganese as the certain specific properties can be steels by saving on expensive
main alloying element. attained. Chromium improves alloying elements has led to
The steels listed in Tables 1 and 2 hardenability and through- increasing use of heat-treatable
are given in the order of increas- hardening by reducing the critical boron-alloyed steels. The use of
ing carbon content and comply cooling rate needed for the these steels for fastening ele-
with European Standard DIN EN formation of martensite. Nickel ments is already state-of-the-art
10083, Part 1 – “Heat-Treatable also improves through-hardening today.
Steels” (1996 edition) or DIN and, at the same time, increases Boron-alloyed steels are already
17212 – “Steels for Flame and the absorbed energy per cross- being used as standard materials
Induction Hardening” (August sectional area at low tempera- for special solid, heat-treated
1972 edition). tures. Molybdenum is used in parts, like excavator teeth, axle
conjunction with other alloying parts, rotors, etc. Efforts are
Alloyed steels elements to increase the 0.2 % being made nationally and inter-
Apart from carbon and manga- proof stress and tensile strength nationally to standardize these
nese, alloyed steels contain other while decreasing the tendency to heat-treatable steels for general
alloying elements. The most tempering brittleness. application. These steels can be
important of these are chromium, A vanadium content of approx. supplied on request, provided
nickel, molybdenum and vana- 0.10% improves tempering resis- that certain minimum order quan-
dium. tance and reduces sensitivity to tities are observed.
The steels given in Tables 1 and overheating during hardening. Table 1 shows an overview of the
3, in the order of their alloy com- grades of heat-treatable steels
position, Cr, Cr–V, Cr– Mo, dealt with in this catalogue, while
Cr– Mo –V, Cr– Ni – Mo, Ni-Cr-Mo, Tables 2 and 3 provide an over-
correspond to European Standard view of the chemical composi-
DIN EN 10083, Part 1, or DIN tions.
17201 - “Forgings and Forged
Bars of Heat-Treatable Steels”.
18
Overview of grades, Table 1
Grades Material No. Code name acc. Standardized in

to EN 10083
Page 24 – 25 Thyrofort C 22 E 1.1151 C22E DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201

Thyrofort C 35 R 1.1180 C35R DIN EN 10083
Unalloyed steels
Thyrofort Cf 35 1.1183 – DIN 17212
Thyrofort Cf 45 1.1193 – DIN 17212
Page 30 – 31 Thyrofort Cf 53 1.1213 – DIN 17212
Thyrofort C 55 R 1.1209 C55R DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 36 – 37 Thyrofort 28 Mn 6 1.1170 28Mn6 DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201

Page 38 – 39 Thyrofort 46 Cr 2 1.7006 46Cr2 DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 46 CrS 2 1.7025 46CrS2 DIN EN 10083
Alloyed steels
Page 46 – 47 Thyrofort 51 CrV 4 1.8159 51CrV4 DIN EN 10083
Page 48 – 49 Thyrofort 25 CrMo 4 1.7218 25CrMo4 DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Thyrofort 25 CrMoS 4 1.7213 25CrMoS4 DIN EN 10083
Page 56 – 57 Thyrofort 30 CrMoV 9 1.7707 – DIN E 17201
Page 58 – 59 Thyrofort 36 CrNiMo 4 1.6511 36CrNiMo4 DIN EN 10083
Page 60 – 61 Thyrofort 34 CrNiMo 6 1.6582 34CrNiMo6 DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 62 – 63 Thyrofort 30 CrNiMo 8 1.6580 30CrNiMo8 DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 64 – 65 Thyrofort 36 NiCrMo 16 1.6773 36NiCrMo16 DIN EN 10083
19
Table 2: Unalloyed steels - Steel grades and chemical composition (ladle analysis) 1
To DIN 17212
Steel grade Chemical composition to DIN EN 10083, except1 (% by weight)
Code DIN EN Mate- C Si Mn P max. S Cr Mo Ni Cr+Mo+

name 10083 rial No. Ni max.
Thyrofort C 22 E C22E 1.1151 0.17– 0.24 max. 0.40 0.40–0.70 0.035 max. 0.035 max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40 0.63
Thyrofort C 35 E C35E 1.1181 max. 0.035
0.32 – 0.39 max. 0.40 0.50–0.80 0.035 max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40 0.63
Thyrofort C 35 R C35R 1.1180 0.020 – 0.040
Thyrofort Cf 351 1.1183 0.33 – 0.39 0.15 – 0.35 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 max. 0.035 – – – –
0.42– 0.50 max. 0.40 0.50 – 0.80 0.035 max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40 0.63
Thyrofort C 45 R C45R 1.1201 0.020 – 0.040
Thyrofort Cf 451 1.1193 0.43 – 0.49 0.15 – 0.35 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 max. 0.035 – – – –
Thyrofort Cf 531 1.1213 0.50 – 0.57 0.15 – 0.35 0.40 – 0.70 0.025 max. 0.035 – – – –
0.52– 0.60 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40 0.63
Thyrofort C 55 R C55R 1.1209 0.020 – 0.040
0.57– 0.65 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40 0.63
Thyrofort C 60 R C60R 1.1223 0.020 – 0.040
Thyrofort 28 Mn 6 28Mn6 1.1170 0.25 – 0.32 0.40 1.30 –1.65 0.035 max. 0.035 max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40 0.63
Table 3: Alloyed steels - Steel grades and chemical composition (ladle analysis) 1
To DIN E 17201
Steel grade Chemical composition to DIN EN 10083, except1 (% by weight)
Code DIN EN Mate- C Si Mn P max. S Cr Mo Ni V

name 10083 rial no.
Thyrofort 46 Cr 2 46Cr2 1.7006 max. 0.035

0.42 – 0.50 0.40 0.50 – 0.80 0.035 0.40 – 0.60 – – –
Thyrofort 46 CrS 2 46CrS2 1.7025 0.020 – 0.040
0.30 – 0.37 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – – –
0.34– 0.41 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – – –
0.38 – 0.45 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – – –
Thyrofort 51 CrV 4 51CrV4 1.8159 0.47– 0.55 0.40 0.70 – 1.10 0.035 max. 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – – –
Thyrofort 25 CrMo 4 25CrMo4 1.7218 max. 0.035
0.22– 0.29 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 – –
Thyrofort 25 CrMoS 4 25CrMoS4 1.7213 0.020 – 0.040
0.30 – 0.37 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 – –
0.38 – 0.45 0.40 0.60 – 0.90 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 – –
Thyrofort 50 CrMo 4 50CrMo4 1.7228 0.46 – 0.54 0.40 0.50 – 0.80 0.035 max. 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 – –
Thyrofort 30 CrMoV 9 1
1.7707 0.26 – 0.34 0.40 0.40 – 0.70 0.035 0.035 2.30 – 2.70 0.15 – 0.25 < 0.60 0.10 – 0.20
Thyrofort 36 CrNiMo 4 36CrNiMo4 1.6511 0.32– 0.40 0.40 0.50 – 0.80 0.035 max. 0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 0.90 – 1.20 –
Thyrofort 34 CrNiMo 6 34CrNiMo6 1.6582 0.30 – 0.38 0.40 0.50 – 0.80 0.035 max. 0.035 1.30 – 1.70 0.15 – 0.30 1.30 – 1.70 –
Thyrofort 30 CrNiMo 8 30CrNiMo8 1.6580 0.26 – 0.34 0.40 0.30– 0.60 0.035 max. 0.035 1.80 – 2.20 0.30 – 0.50 1.80 – 2.20 –
Thyrofort 36 CrNiMo16 36CrNiMo16 1.6773 0.32– 0.39 0.40 0.30– 0.60 0.030 max. 0.025 1.60 – 2.00 0.25 – 0.45 3.60 – 4.10 –
20
Overview of minimum 0.2 % proof

stresses and tensile strength ranges
Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth range

The choice of a suitable heat- N/mm2
treatable steel is often determined 1600
1400
by the required minimum yield 1200
1000
point or tensile strength. 800
The following overview (Figs. 1a-h) 600
400
shows the minimum 0.2% proof 200
0
stress values and the tensile
42CrMo4; 50CrMo4
51CrV4; 36CrNiMo4
34CrNiMo6
30CrNiMo8
C22E
C35E
C45E
C55E
C60
46Cr2
34Cr4; 25CrMo4
28Mn6
37Cr4
41Cr4; 34CrMo4
36 NiCrMo 16
strength ranges in hardened and
tempered condition for the heat For a ruling heat treatment diameter of a)
d ≤16 mm
treatment diameters standardized

in DIN EN 10083. These figures
are valid for the sample positions N/mm2
1600
described in Fig. 10 (page 71).
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
C22E
C35E
C45E
28Mn6
C55E
C60E
46Cr2
34Cr4
25CrMo4
37Cr4
34CrMo4
41Cr4
42CrMo4
50CrMo4
36CrNiMo4
36NiCrMo16
34CrNiMo6
30CrMoV9
30CrNiMo8
For a ruling heat treatment diameter of 16 mm < d ≤ 40 mm b)

N/mm2
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
Figs. 1a - h : 0
C22E
C35E
C45E
46Cr2
C55E
28Mn6
25CrMo4
C60E
34CrMo4
37Cr4
34CrMo4
41Cr4
42CrMo4
34CrNiMo6
36NiCrMo16
36NiCrMo4; 51CrV4;
50CrMo4
30CrMoV9;
30CrNiMo8
Overview of minimum 0.2% proof stress

and tensile strength ranges of EWK heat-
treatable steels in quenched and tempered
For a ruling heat treatment diameter of 40 mm < d ≤ 100 mm
condition for various diameter ranges c)
21
22
Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth range Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth range Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth range
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
N/mm2
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
N/mm2
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
N/mm2
C22E C22E C22E
C35E C35E C35E
250 mm < d ≤ 500 mm

of 160 mm < d ≤ 250 mm
C45E C45E C45E
C55E C55E 28Mn6
28Mn6 28Mn6
For a ruling heat treatment diameter

C55E
For a ruling heat treatment diameter of

C60E C60E C60E
25CrMo4 25CrMo4 25CrMo4

34CrNiMo6; 36CrNiMo4 36CrNiMo4
For a ruling heat treatment diameter of 100 mm < d ≤ 160 mm

50CrMo4
30CrMoV9 50CrMo4 50CrMo4; 51CrV4
51CrV4;
30CrNiMo8 34CrNiMo6 34CrNiMo6
30CrMoV9; 30CrMoV9;
30CrNiMo8 36NiCrMo16;
30CrNiMo8
36NiCrMo16
f)
e)
d)
Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
N/mm2
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
N/mm2
34CrNiMo6 42CrMo4
30CrNiMo8 50CrMo4
500 mm < d ≤ 750 mm
750 mm < d ≤ 1000 mm

34CrNiMo6
30CrNiMo8
Mindeststreckgrenze
Tensile strength range

Zugfestigkeitsbereich
Minimum 0.2% proof stress

g)
h)
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
EdelstahlWitten-Krefeld
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld – –
heat-treatable steel,the
heat-treatable steel, the
wayyou
way youneed
needit.it.
Whereveryou
Wherever youmay
maybe.be.
23
THYROFORT® C 22 E
Material No.
Code Material No. Code
1.1151 C22E
Chemical
composition
C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni Cr+Mo+Ni
Typical analysis in % 0.17 – 0.24 ≤ 0.40 0.40 – 0.70 ≤ 0.035 ≤ 0.035 ≤ 0.40 ≤ 0.10 ≤ 0.40 ≤ 0.63
Mechanical properties
in different
treatment conditions Normalised N Quenched and tempered Q + T
Heat treatment 0.2% proof Tensile strength Elongation at 0.2% proof Tensile strength Elongation at Reduction of Notch impact
diameter stress in N/mm2 fracture in % stress in N/mm2 fracture in % area at fracture energy (ISO-V)
in mm (Rp 0.2) min. Rm A (Rp 0.2) min. Rm A in % Z in J KV
Ø N/mm2 min. min. N/mm2 min. min. min. min.
≤ 16 240 430 24 340 500 – 650 20 50 50

> 16 ≤ 40 210 410 25 290 470 – 620 22 50 50
> 40 ≤ 100 210 410 25 – – – – –
To DIN E 17201 > 40 ≤ 100 – – – 260 450 – 600 24 – 45

>100 ≤ 160 230 410 – 530 27 220 410 – 540 26 – 40
>160 ≤ 250 220 410 – 530 26 220 410 – 540 26 – 40
>250 ≤ 500 210 410 – 530 25 210 410 – 540 25 – 35
>500 ≤ 1000 200 410 – 530 24 – – – – –
Heat treatment
Normalising Hardening Quenching medium Tempering
Temperatures in °C 880 – 920 860 – 900 Water 550 – 660
24
30 mm diameter
Typical values for
Tempering diagram
2
0.2%Streckgrenze
proof stress RRp0.2und tensile strength
andZugfestigkeit m in 2N/mm
R inRN/mm
p 0,2 m
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
450
Tempering
Rm
A
Rp 0,2
Z
550
Anlasstemperatur o
temperatureCin °C
650
0
20
40
60
80
100
Bruchdehnung und Brucheinschnürung

Elongation at Afracture A and reduction Zofin %
area at fracture Z in %
25
THYROFORT® C 22 E
THYROFORT® C 35 E / C 35 R / Cf 35
Material No.
Code Material No. Code Material No. Code Material No. Code
1.1181 C35E 1.1180 C35R 1.1183 Cf35*

*To DIN 17212
Chemical
composition C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni Cr+Mo+Ni
Typical analysis in %
C35E 0.32 – 0.39 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
C35R 0.32 – 0.39 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
To DIN 17212 Cf35 0.33 – 0.39 0.15 – 0.35 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.025 ≤0.035 – – – –
in different
≤ 16 300 550 18 430 630 – 780 17 40 35

> 16 ≤ 40 270 520 19 380 600 – 750 19 45 35
> 40 ≤ 100 270 520 19 320 550 – 700 20 50 35
>100 ≤ 160 245 500 19 – – – – –
>160 ≤ 250 245 500 19 – – – – –
To DIN E 17201 (Ck35) >100 ≤ 160 – – – 290 490 – 640 22 – 31

>160 ≤ 250 – – – 290 490 – 640 22 – 31
>250 ≤ 500 – – – 270 490 – 640 21 – 25
>500 ≤ 1000 240 490 – 610 20 – – – – –
Heat treatment
Quenching
temperature in the Normalising Hardening Quenching medium Tempering
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
870 860 – 900 840 – 880 Water or oil 550 – 660
Hardenability in the
end-quench test Distance from quenched end in mm
Hardness in HRC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 15 20 25
max. 58 57 55 53 49 41 34 31 28 27 26 25 24 23 20
min. 48 40 33 24 22 20 – – – – – – – – –
26
Tempering diagram
1400
2
in N/mm
Typical values for
2
60 mm diameter
N/mm
1200
Rm inRm
tensile strength
Z in %
and Zugfestigkeit 1000 100
A and reduction of
A und Brucheinschnürung
800 80
Rm
stress RRp0.2 und
600 60
Z
p 0,2
Elongation at fracture
Streckgrenze
400 40
Rp 0,2
Bruchdehnung
0.2% proof
200 20
A
0 0
450 550 650
Anlasstemperatur o
Tempering temperatureCin °C
Hardenability diagram
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Abstand von der abgeschreckten
Distance Stirnfläche
from quenched end ininmm
mm
Time-temperature- 1200
transformation diagram
for continuous cooling 1100
1000
900
800
AC3
oC
Temperaturinin°C
700 F 40 45 50
45 AC1
15 30 40 55 55 P 50
Temperature
60
600 5 8 6070 60
3 60
A 35
500
MS B
400 30 40
45 30
20
300
M
200
Härtewerte 322 267
Hardness 236 236 196
100 294 205
HV 10 294 253 236 201
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit
Timeinins s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit
Timeininmin
min.
100 101 102
Zeit
Timeininhh
27
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code Material No. Code Material No. Code
1.1191 C45E 1.1201 C45R 1.1193 Cf45*
*To DIN 17212
Chemical
C45E 0.42 – 0.50 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
C45R 0.42 – 0.50 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
To DIN 17212 Cf45 0.43 – 0.49 0.15 – 0.35 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.025 ≤0.035 ≤0.40 – – –
in different
≤ 16 340 620 14 490 700 – 850 14 35 25

> 16 ≤ 40 305 580 16 430 650 – 800 16 40 25
> 40 ≤ 100 305 580 16 370 630 – 780 17 45 25
>100 ≤ 160 275 560 16 – – – – –
>160 ≤ 250 275 560 16 – – – – –
To DIN E 17201 (Ck45) >100 ≤ 160 – – – 340 590 – 740 18 – 22

>160 ≤ 250 – – – 340 590 – 740 18 – 22
>250 ≤ 500 300 590 – 720 15 320 590 – 740 17 – 20
>500 ≤ 1000 290 590 – 720 15 – – – – –
Hardness in different
treatment conditions Treated for Soft annealed
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 207
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 840 – 880 820 – 860 Water or oil 550 – 660
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
max. 62 61 57 44 34 32 31 30 29 28 27 – – – –
min. 55 37 28 26 24 22 21 20 – – – – – – –
28
Tempering diagram
1400
2
in N/mm
Typical values for
2
60 mm diameter
N/mm
1200
Rm
Rm in
tensile strength
Bruchdehnung A und Brucheinschnürung Z in %

and Zugfestigkeit 1000 100
Elongation at fracture A and reduction of

R
800 80
stress RRp0.2 und
600 60
Rp 0,2
p 0,2
Streckgrenze
400 40
Z
0.2% proof
200 20
A
0 0
450 550 650
Anlasstemperatur oC
Tempering temperature in °C
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HRC
in in
40
Härte
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
1000
900
800 AC3
°CoC
in in
700 45 30 35 40 45 AC1
F
Temperatur
15
A 5 75 70 65 60
55
Temperature
600 P
500 60
80
400
MS B
300 30
5
M
200
Härtewerte
Hardness
100
254 244 135 223 220 216 210
HV
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit ininss
Time
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Zeit in h
Time in h
29
THYROFORT® Cf 53
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.1213 Cf53*
*To DIN 17212
Chemical
composition
C Si Mn P S
0.50 – 0.57 0.15 – 0.35 0.40 – 0.70 ≤0.025 ≤0.035
in different
≤ 16 – – – 510 740 – 880 12 25 –

> 16 ≤ 40 340 610 – 760 16 430 690 – 830 14 35 –
> 40 ≤ 100 340 610 – 760 16 400 640 – 780 15 40 –
Heat treatment
Normalising Hardening Quenching medium Tempering
Temperatures in °C 830 – 860 805 – 845 Water or oil 550 – 660
30
THYROFORT® Cf 53
1000
900
800 AC3
°CoC
20 25 30 30 35 35
10 15 F
in in
700 3 4 5
P AC1
Temperatur
65
A 96 95 90
95 80 75 70 70 65
Temperature
600 1
2
97
3 98
1
500 1
400 MS
300
M
200
100 Hardness
Härtewerte
772 772 322 264 245 236 228 213 206 193 187 187 176 170
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit
Timeinins s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit ininmin
Time min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
31
THYROFORT® C 55 E / C 55 R
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code Material No. Code
1.1203 C55E 1.1209 C55R
Chemical
composition
C55E 0.52 – 0.60 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
C55R 0.52 – 0.60 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
in different
≤ 16 370 680 11 550 800 – 950 12 30 –

> 16 ≤ 40 330 640 12 490 750 – 900 14 35 –
> 40 ≤ 100 330 640 12 420 700 – 850 15 40 –
>100 ≤ 160 300 620 12 – – – – –
>160 ≤ 250 300 620 12 – – – – –
To DIN E 17201 (Ck53) >100 ≤ 160 – – – 390 660 – 810 16 – –

>160 ≤ 250 – – – 360 630 – 780 17 – –
>250 ≤ 500 320 640 – 800 15 330 630 – 780 16 – –
>500 ≤ 1000 300 640 – 800 14 – – – – –
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 229
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
830 825 – 865 805 – 845 Oil or water 550 – 660
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30
max. 65 64 60 52 37 35 34 33 32 30 29
min. 58 55 33 31 29 27 26 25 24 22 20
32
Tempering diagram
1400
2
0.2% proof stress Rp0.2 and tensile strength Rm in N/mm
Typical values for
Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm2

60 mm diameter 1200
A and reduction Zofin %

1000 100
Rm
und Brucheinschnürung
800 80
600 60
Rp 0,2
fracture
400 40
Z
Elongation at A
Bruchdehnung
200 20
A
0 0
450 550 650
Anlasstemperatur oC
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HRC
in in
40
Härte
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
1000
900
800 AC3
oC
in °C
35
15 20 25 30 30 35 F
700
Temperatur in
10 AC1
4 5
65P
3
Temperature
A 90 85 80 75 70 70 65
600 2 96 95
1 97
3 98
1
500
1
400 MS
300
M
200
100 Hardness
Härtewerte
772 772 322 264 245 236 228 213 206 193 187 187 176 170
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit
Timein in
s s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Zeit in h
Time in h
33
Material No.
Code
1.1221 C60E 1.1223 C60R
Chemical
C60E 0.57 – 0.65 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
C60R 0.57 – 0.65 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
in different Normalised N Quenched and tempered Q + T
treatment conditions
≤ 16 380 710 10 580 850 – 1000 11 25 –

> 16 ≤ 40 340 670 11 520 800 – 950 13 30 –
> 40 ≤ 100 340 670 11 450 750 – 900 14 35 –
>100 ≤ 160 310 650 11 – – – – –
>160 ≤ 250 310 650 11 – – – – –
To DIN E 17201 >100 ≤ 160 – – – 390 690 – 840 15 – –

>160 ≤ 250 – – – 390 690 – 840 15 – –
>250 ≤ 500 340 680 – 860 13 350 690 – 840 14 – –
>500 ≤ 1000 330 680 – 860 12 – – – – –
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 241
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
830 820 – 860 800 – 840 Oil or water 550 – 660
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30
max. 67 65 62 54 39 36 35 34 33 31 30
min. 60 50 35 32 30 28 27 26 25 23 21
34
Tempering diagram
1400
2
0.2% proof stress Rp0.2 and tensile strength Rm in N/mm
Typical values for
Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm2

60 mm diameter 1200

1000 100
Rm

800 80
Rp 0,2
600 60
400 40
Z
200 20
A
0 0
450 550 650
Anlasstemperatur oC
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HRC
in in
40
Härte
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
for continuous cooling
1200
1100
1000
900
TemperatureininC°C
800 AC3
F
o
700 15 25 AC1
A 7 10 12 75
Temperatur
5
88 85
600 95 93 90
P
500 20
B
400
MS
5
300
M
200 Hardness
Härtewerte 242 227
100 HV 10 528 269 247 229 187

787
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit
Timeinins s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Time in h 35
THYROFORT® 28 Mn 6
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.1170 28Mn6
Chemical
composition
0.25 – 0.32 ≤0.40 1.30 – 1.65 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.40 ≤0.63
in different Normalised N Quenched and tempered Q + T
≤ 16 345 630 17 590 800 – 950 13 40 35

> 16 ≤ 40 310 680 18 490 700 – 850 15 45 40
> 40 ≤ 100 290 590 18 440 650 – 800 16 50 40
To DIN E 17201 >100 ≤ 160 – – – 390 590 – 740 18 – –

>160 ≤ 250 – – – 390 590 – 740 18 – –
>250 ≤ 500 – – – 340 540 – 690 19 – –
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 223
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 850 – 890 830 – 870 Water or oil 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC
1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 54 53 51 48 44 41 38 35 31 29 27 26 25 25 24
min. 45 42 37 27 21 – – – – – – – – – –
HH
max. 54 53 51 48 44 41 38 35 31 29 27 26 25 25 24
min. 48 46 42 34 30 27 24 21 – – – – – – –
HL
max. 51 49 46 41 35 32 29 26 22 20 – – – – –
min. 45 42 37 27 21 – – – – – – – – – –
36
THYROFORT® 28 Mn 6
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Überschneidung
60 Overlap of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH + HL grade
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HRC
in in
40
Härte
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Abstand von Distance
der abgeschreckten Stirnfläche
from quenched in mm
end in
1000
900
800 AC3
oC
Temperaturinin°C
700 45 55 55 F 55 55 55 55 AC1
2 45
P 45 45
Temperature
45
600 45 45
A 45
20
500 10
B
400 MS 15
68 10
300 70
M
200 514
100 Hardness
Härtewerte
488 464 274 221 187 180 176 170 176 165 156
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit
Timeinins s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in
Time in min.
min
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
37
THYROFORT® 46 Cr 2 / 46 CrS 2
Material No.
Code
1.7006 46Cr2 1.7025 46CrS2
Chemical
composition C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni
Typical analysis in % 46Cr2 0.42 – 0.50 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.40 – 0.60 – –
46CrS2 0.42 – 0.50 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 0.40 – 0.60 – –
in different Quenched and tempered Q + T
Heat treatment 0.2% proof Tensile strength Elongation at Reduction of Notch impact
diameter stress in N/mm2 fracture in % area at fracture energy (ISO-V)
in mm (Rp 0.2) min. Rm A in % Z in J KV
Ø N/mm2 min. min. min. min.
≤ 16 650 900 – 1100 12 35 30

> 16 ≤ 40 550 800 – 950 14 40 35
> 40 ≤ 100 400 650 – 800 15 45 35
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 223
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 840 – 880 820 – 860 Oil or water 540 – 680
1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Hardness in HRC
H
max. 63 61 59 57 53 47 42 39 36 33 32 31 30 29 29
min. 54 49 40 32 28 25 23 22 20 – – – – – –
HH
max. 63 61 59 57 53 47 42 39 36 33 32 31 30 29 29
min. 57 53 46 40 36 32 29 28 25 22 21 20 – – –
HL
max. 60 57 53 49 45 40 36 32 31 28 27 26 25 25 24
min. 54 49 40 32 28 25 23 22 20 – – – – – –
38
Tempering diagram
and tensile strength Rm in2 N/mm2

2000 100
Typical values for 1800 90
p 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm

60 mm diameter
Rm
1600 80
1400 70

1200 60
Rp 0,2
1000 50
800
Rp0.2
40
stress R
Streckgrenze
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
Z
200 10
A
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Anlasstemperatur in oC
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
60 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
1000
900
AC3
800
Temperaturinin°CoC
35 35
F
35
700 3
10
20 30 35
65 AC1
A 70 65 65 65
Temperature
1 80
600 1
87
P
500 5
5
10
3
400 B
MS 3
15 45 64 7
300 3
M
200
595
100 Hardness
Härtewerte
592 488 393 347 303 232 221 206 183 178 176 172
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit
Timeinins s
100 101 102 103 104
ZeitTime
in min
in min.
100 101 102
Zeit
Timeininhh
39
Material No.
Code
1.7033 34Cr4 1.7037 34CrS4
Chemical
34Cr4 0.30 – 0.37 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – –
34CrS4 0.30 – 0.37 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 0.90 – 1.20 – –
≤ 16 700 900 – 1100 12 35 35

> 16 ≤ 40 590 800 – 950 14 40 40
> 40 ≤ 100 460 700 – 850 15 45 40
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 223
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 850 – 890 830 – 870 Water or oil 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 57 57 56 54 52 49 46 44 39 37 35 34 33 32 31
min. 49 48 45 41 35 32 29 27 23 21 20 – – – –
HH
max. 57 57 56 54 52 49 46 44 39 37 35 34 33 32 31
min. 52 51 49 45 41 38 35 33 28 26 25 24 23 22 21
HL
max. 54 54 52 50 46 43 40 38 34 32 30 29 28 27 26
min. 49 48 45 41 35 32 29 27 23 21 20 – – – –
40
Tempering diagram
0.2% proof stress Rp0.2 and tensile strength Rm in2 N/mm2

2000 100

30 mm diameter
Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm

Rm

1600 80
Rp 0,2
1400 70

1200 60
1000 50
Z
800 40
600 30
400 20
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Überschneidung
Overlap of
60 HH+HL-Sorte
HH + HL grade
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
1000
900
AC3
800
oC
Temperaturinin°C
35
700 5 15 20 25 30 30
65
AC1
3 75 70 70
3 80
A F3 P 85
Temperature
5
600 3 8
500
MS B
400 20 90
92
300 94
87
M 92
200
Hardness
Härtewerte
100 550 498 366 334 297 291 253 219 212 206 189
294 196
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit
Timeinins s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit
Timein in
minmin.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
41
Material No.
Code
1.7034 37Cr4 1.7038 37CrS4
Chemical
composition
C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni
37Cr4 0.34 – 0.41 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – –
37CrS4 0.34 – 0.41 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 0.90 – 1.20 – –
≤ 16 750 950 – 1150 11 35 30

> 16 ≤ 40 630 850 – 1000 13 40 35
> 40 ≤ 100 510 750 – 900 14 40 35
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 235
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 845 – 885 825 – 865 Oil or water 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 59 59 58 57 55 52 50 48 42 39 37 36 35 34 33
min. 51 50 48 44 39 36 33 31 26 24 22 20 – – –
HH
max. 59 59 58 57 55 52 50 48 42 39 37 36 35 34 33
min. 54 53 51 48 44 41 39 37 31 29 27 25 24 23 22
HL
max. 56 56 55 53 50 47 44 42 37 34 32 31 30 29 29
min. 51 50 48 44 39 36 33 31 26 24 22 20 – – –
42
Tempering diagram

2000 100

30 mm diameter
1600 80
Rp 0,2
1400 70

1200 60
Z
1000 50
Rm
800
Streckgrenze Rp0.2
40
stress R
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
60 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
1000
900
AC3
800
inin°CoC
25 30 30
700 15 AC1
10 85 75 70
Temperatur
A 70
P
Temperature
600 F
500 30
B
400 MS 3
15
300 70 95 57
M
200
Härtewerte
Hardness
100
627 613 554 390 360 330 245 232 221 210
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Zeit in h
Time in h
43
Material No.
Code
1.7035 41Cr4 1.7039 41CrS4
Chemical
41Cr4 0.38 – 0.45 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – –
41CrS4 0.38 – 0.45 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 0.90 – 1.20 – –
≤ 16 800 1000 – 1200 11 30 30

> 16 ≤ 40 660 1900 – 1100 12 35 35
> 40 ≤ 100 560 1800 – 1950 14 40 35
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 241
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 840 – 880 820 – 860 Oil or water 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 61 61 60 59 58 56 54 52 46 42 40 38 37 36 35
min. 53 52 50 47 41 37 34 32 29 26 23 21 – – –
HH
max. 61 61 60 59 58 56 54 52 46 42 40 38 37 36 35
min. 56 55 53 51 47 43 41 39 35 31 29 27 26 25 24
HL
max. 58 58 57 55 52 50 47 45 40 37 34 32 31 30 29
min. 53 52 50 47 41 37 34 32 29 26 23 21 – – –
44
Tempering diagram

2000 100
Rm

30 mm diameter Rp 0,2
1600 80
1400 70

1200 60
1000 50
Z
800
Rp0.2
40
stress R
Streckgrenze
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
HH-Sorte
HH grade
Überschneidung
Overlap of
60 HH+HL-Sorte
HH + HL grade
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Distance
Abstand von der from quenched
abgeschreckten end ininmm
Stirnfläche mm
Time-temperature-
transformation diagram 1200
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
oC
Temperaturinin°C
20 20 20 AC1
700 10 15
80
F 80 80
5 90 85
Temperature
600 P
3 5
A
500
400 MS B
10 30
75
300 92 90
M
200
Härtewerte
Hardness
100 629 579 510 428 312 293 263 236 215 210 206
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in
Time in ss
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit ininmin
Time min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
45
THYROFORT® 51 CrV 4
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.8159 51CrV4
Chemical
composition
C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V
0.47 – 0.55 ≤0.40 0.70 – 1.10 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 – – 0.10 – 0.25
≤ 16 900 1100 – 1300 9 40 30

> 16 ≤ 40 800 1000 – 1200 10 45 30
> 40 ≤ 100 700 1900 – 1100 12 50 30
>100 ≤ 160 650 1850 – 1000 13 50 30
>160 ≤ 250 600 1800 – 1950 13 50 30
shearing S A
HB HB
– max. 248
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 840 – 880 820 – 860 Oil 540 – 680
Hardenability in the Distance from quenched end in mm

end-quench test
1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Hardness in HRC
H
max. 65 65 64 64 63 63 63 62 62 62 61 60 60 59 58
min. 57 56 56 55 53 52 50 48 44 41 37 35 34 33 32
HH
max. 65 65 64 64 63 63 63 62 62 62 61 60 60 59 58
min. 60 59 59 58 56 56 54 53 50 48 45 43 43 42 41
HL
max. 62 62 61 61 60 59 59 57 56 55 53 52 51 50 49
min. 57 56 56 55 53 52 50 48 44 41 37 35 34 33 32
46
THYROFORT® 51 CrV 4
Tempering diagram

2000 100

30 mm diameter Rm
1600 80
Rp 0,2
1400 70

1200 60
1000 50
Z
800 40
600 30
400 20
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
30 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
°CoC
3 3
700 F AC1
in in
3
Temperatur
3 P3
Temperature
600
A
500
Zw
400 Ms
3
300 8 20 90 95
90
M
200
Härtewerte
Hardness
100 606 613 637 576 387 356 336 273 249 233
309 244
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeitininmin.
Time min
100 101 102
Zeit
Timeininh h
47
THYROFORT® 25 CrMo 4 / 25 CrMoS 4
Material No.
Code
1.7218 25CrMo4 1.7213 25CrMoS4
Chemical
composition
25CrMo4 0.22 – 0.29 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 –
25CrMoS4 0.22 – 0.29 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 –
≤ 16 700 900 – 1100 12 50 45

> 16 ≤ 40 600 800 – 1950 14 55 50
> 40 ≤ 100 450 700 – 1850 15 60 50
>100 ≤ 160 400 650 – 1800 16 60 45
To DIN E 17201 >160 ≤ 250 400 650 – 1800 17 – 45

>250 ≤ 500 380 600 – 1750 18 – 38
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 212
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 860 – 900 840 – 880 Oil or water 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 52 52 51 50 48 46 43 41 37 35 33 32 31 31 31
min. 44 43 40 37 34 32 29 27 23 21 20 – – – –
HH
max. 52 52 51 50 48 46 43 41 37 35 33 32 31 31 31
min. 47 46 44 41 39 37 34 32 28 26 24 23 22 22 22
HL
max. 49 49 47 46 43 41 38 36 32 30 29 28 27 27 27
min. 44 43 40 37 34 32 29 27 23 21 20 – – – –
48
Tempering diagram

2000 100

Rm

30 mm diameter
1600 80
1400 70

Rp 0,2
1200 60
1000 50
Z
800 40
600 30
400 20
200 10
A
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
60 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Distance
Stirnfläche mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
°CoC
55 55
700 F 50 55 55 AC1
in in
20 30 M 45
10 45
Temperatur
45
3 5 10 P 45
Temperature
600 10 15
30
A 35
500
MS B
400 85 100 87
95 90
87 70 55 40
300
M 15
200
Härtewerte
Hardness
100 464 366 332 273 257 229 233 217 171 170 160 163
297
HV 10 188
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit ininss
Time
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit
Timeininmin
min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
49
Material No.
Code
1.7220 34CrMo4 1.7226 34CrMoS4
Chemical
composition
34CrMo4 0.30 – 0.37 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 –
34CrMoS4 0.30 – 0.37 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 –
≤ 16 800 1000 – 1200 11 45 35

> 16 ≤ 40 650 1900 – 1100 12 50 40
> 40 ≤ 100 550 1800 – 1950 14 55 45
>100 ≤ 160 500 1750 – 1900 15 55 45
>160 ≤ 250 450 1700 – 1850 15 60 40
To DIN E 17201 >250 ≤ 500 410 650 – 1800 16 – 33
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 223
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 850 – 890 830 – 870 Oil or water 540 – 680
Hardenability in the Distance from quenched end in mm

end-quench test
1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Hardness in HRC
H
max. 57 57 57 56 55 54 53 52 48 45 43 41 40 40 39
min. 49 49 48 45 42 39 36 34 30 28 27 26 25 24 24
HH
max. 57 57 57 56 55 54 53 52 48 45 43 41 40 40 39
min. 52 52 51 49 46 44 42 40 36 34 32 31 30 29 29
HL
max. 54 54 54 52 51 49 47 46 42 39 38 36 35 35 34
min. 49 49 48 45 42 39 36 34 30 28 27 26 25 24 24
50
Tempering diagram
2
2000 100
m in2 N/mm
N/mm
30 mm diameter

Rm
1600 80
R in R
Rp 0,2
tensile strength
m 1400 70

andZugfestigkeit
1200 60
Z
1000 50
Rp0.2 und 0,2
800 40
p
stress R
Streckgrenze
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Überschneidung
Overlap of
60 HH+HL-Sorte
HH + HL grade
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Distance
Stirnfläche mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
°CoC
45
700 30 40 45
45 AC1
in in
8
F
Temperatur
55 55
P 55
Temperature
600 3
5 3
A 55
500
MS B
400 3
70 85
90 92
300 90
89
M 15
200 5
Härtewerte
100 Hardness 597 574 435 353 321 295 283 281 231 231 200 187 193
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 10 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
51
Material No.
Code
1.7225 42CrMo4 1.7227 42CrMoS4
Chemical
composition
42CrMo4 0.38 – 0.45 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 –
42CrMoS4 0.38 – 0.45 ≤0.40 0.60 – 0.90 ≤0.035 0.020–0.040 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 –
≤ 16 900 1100 – 1300 10 40 30

> 16 ≤ 40 750 1000 – 1200 11 45 35
> 40 ≤ 100 650 1900 – 1100 12 50 35
>100 ≤ 160 550 1800 – 1950 13 50 35
>160 ≤ 250 500 1750 – 1900 14 55 35
To DIN E 17201 >250 ≤ 500 460 1700 – 1850 15 – 27

>500 ≤ 750 390 1600 – 1750 16 – 22
shearing S A
HB HB
max. 255 max. 241
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 840 – 880 820 – 860 Oil or water 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC
1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 61 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 56 53 51 48 47 46 45
min. 53 53 52 51 49 43 40 37 34 32 31 30 30 29 29
HH
max. 61 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 56 53 51 48 47 46 45
min. 56 56 55 54 52 48 46 44 41 39 38 36 36 35 34
HL
max. 58 58 58 57 56 54 53 51 49 46 44 42 41 40 40
min. 53 53 52 51 49 43 40 37 34 32 31 30 30 29 29
52
Tempering diagram
2
2000 100
m in2 N/mm
Typical values for Rm
1800 90
30 mm diameter
N/mm

1600
R in R
Rp 0,2 80
tensile strength
m 1400 70

andZugfestigkeit
1200 60
1000 50
Rp0.2 und
Z
0,2
800 40
p
stress R
Streckgrenze
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Überschneidung
Overlap of
60 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
°CoC
15 25 30 35 AC1
in in
700 3 10 65
85 75 70
Temperatur
F P
Temperature
600 1
5 20
A
500
B
400 MS 5 10 15
75 90
300 95 99
92 70
M
200
Härtewerte
Hardness
100 566 599 496 446 342 311 314 293 286 239 213 206 197
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit
Timeininmin
min.
100 101 102
Zeit in
Time in hh
53
THYROFORT® 50 CrMo 4
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.7228 50CrMo4
Chemical
composition
0.46 – 0.54 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 –
≤ 16 900 1100 – 1300 9 40 30

> 16 ≤ 40 780 1000 – 1200 10 45 30
> 40 ≤ 100 700 1900 – 1100 12 50 30
>100 ≤ 160 650 1850 – 1000 13 50 30
>160 ≤ 250 550 1800 – 1950 13 50 30
To DIN E 17201 >250 ≤ 500 540 1750 – 1900 14 – 20

>500 ≤ 750 490 1700 – 1850 15 – 15
shearing S A
HB HB
See condition A max. 248
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 840 – 880 820 – 860 Oil 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 65 65 64 64 63 63 63 62 61 60 58 57 55 54 54
min. 58 58 57 55 54 53 51 48 45 41 39 38 37 36 36
HH
max. 65 65 64 64 63 63 63 62 61 60 58 57 55 54 54
min. 60 60 59 58 57 56 55 53 50 47 45 44 43 42 42
HL
max. 63 63 62 61 60 60 59 57 56 54 52 51 49 48 48
min. 58 58 57 55 54 53 51 48 45 41 39 38 37 36 36
54
THYROFORT® 50 CrMo 4
Tempering diagram

2000 100

Rm
Streckgrenze R p0.2 und Zugfestigkeit R in N/mm

30 mm diameter

Rp 0,2
1600 80
m 1400

70
1200 60
1000 50
Z
0,2
800 40
p
stress R
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering in oC in °C
temperature
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HRC
in in
40
Härte
Hardness
35
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
30 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
Temperaturinin°CoC
10 AC1
700 F 10 10 90
8
A 3
3 90 90
1 82
Temperature
600 5
87
P
500
B
400
MS
3 5
300 10
30 80
M 90 15
92
200 95 5
Härtewerte
Hardness
100 599 635 568 505 404 366 339 325 255 227
HV 10 329 285 243
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit
Timein min
in min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
55
THYROFORT® 30 CrMoV 9
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.7707 30CrMoV9*
*To DIN E 17201
Chemical
composition
C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V
30CrMoV9 0.26 – 0.34 ≤0.40 0.40 – 0.70 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 2.30 – 2.70 0.15 – 0.25 ≤0.60 0.10 –0.20
To DIN E 17201 in mm (Rp 0.2) min. Rm A in % Z in J KV
≤ 16 1050 1250 – 1450 9 35 25

> 16 ≤ 40 1020 1200 – 1450 9 35 25
> 40 ≤ 100 1900 1100 – 1300 10 40 30
>100 ≤ 160 1800 1000 – 1200 11 45 35
>160 ≤ 250 1700 1900 – 1100 12 50 35
>250 ≤ 500 1590 1800 – 1950 14 – 35
shearing S A
HB HB
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 860 – 900 840 – 880 Oil or water 540 – 650
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 56 56 56 56 56 56 55 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48
min. 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 44 41 39 38 37 36 35 34
HH
max. 56 56 56 56 56 56 55 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48
min. 51 51 50 50 50 49 48 48 45 43 42 41 40 39 38
HL
max. 54 54 54 53 53 52 52 52 51 49 48 47 46 45 44
min. 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 44 41 39 38 37 36 35 34
56
THYROFORT® 30 CrMoV 9
Tempering diagram
2
2000 100
m in2 N/mm
N/mm
30 mm diameter

Rm
1600 80
R in R
Rp 0,2
tensile strength
m
1400 70

und Zugfestigkeit
1200 60
Z
1000 50
stress RRp0.2 and
0,2
800 40
Streckgrenze p
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering in oCin °C
temperature
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Überschneidung
Overlap of
60 HH+HL-Sorte
HH + HL grade
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
800 AC3
°CoC
70 70
70 70 AC1
in in
700 F 40 30 30
30 30
Temperatur
3 P
Temperature
600
A
500
B
400 MS 60 60
100 100
300 100 100
M 100
97
60
200
Härtewerte 172
Hardness
100
496 478 481 493 428 404 390 351 374 351 264 186 177 170
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit ininss
Time
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit
Timein min
in min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
57
THYROFORT® 36 CrNiMo 4
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.6511 36CrNiMo4
Chemical
composition
0.32– 0.40 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.90 – 1.20 0.15 – 0.30 0.90–1.20
≤ 16 900 1100 – 1300 10 45 35

> 16 ≤ 40 800 1000 – 1200 11 50 40
> 40 ≤ 100 700 1900 – 1100 12 55 45
>100 ≤ 160 600 1800 – 1950 13 60 45
>160 ≤ 250 550 1750 – 1900 14 60 45
shearing S A
HB HB
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 840 – 870 820 – 850 Oil or water 540 – 680
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 59 59 58 58 57 57 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49
min. 51 50 49 49 48 47 46 45 43 41 39 38 36 34 33
HH
max. 59 59 58 58 57 57 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49
min. 54 53 52 52 51 50 50 49 47 45 44 43 41 39 38
HL
max. 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 52 51 50 48 47 46 45 44
min. 51 50 49 49 48 47 46 45 43 41 39 38 36 34 33
58
Tempering diagram

2000 100

Rm

60 mm diameter

1600 Rp 0,2 80
1400 70

1200 60
Z
1000 50
800 40
600 30
400 20
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
60 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
50
HRC
45
HRC
in in
40
Härte
Hardness
35
30
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
800 AC3
°C
in °C
700 25
AC1
10 20
Temperatur in
3F 3 3 10P 75
600
Temperature
A
500
400 MS
10 60 B
80 90
300 90
91 100
M 97 97
87 70
200
286
Härtewerte
Hardness
100 532 558 517 542 510 438 345 319 304 297 274 229
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
59
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.6582 34CrNiMo6
Chemical
composition
0.30– 0.38 ≤0.40 0.50 – 0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 1.30 – 1.70 0.15 – 0.30 1.30–1.70
≤ 16 1000 1200 – 1400 9 40 35

> 16 ≤ 40 1900 1100 – 1300 10 45 45
> 40 ≤ 100 1800 1000 – 1200 11 50 45
>100 ≤ 160 1700 1900 – 1100 12 55 45
>160 ≤ 250 1600 1800 – 1950 13 55 45
To DIN E 17201 >250 ≤ 500 1540 750 – 1900 14 – 45

>500 ≤ 1000 1490 700 – 1850 15 – 40
shearing S A
HB HB
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 850 – 880 830 – 860 Oil 540 – 660
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 58 58 58 58 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
min. 50 50 50 50 49 48 48 48 48 47 47 47 46 45 44
HH
max. 58 58 58 58 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
min. 53 53 53 53 52 51 51 51 51 50 50 50 50 49 48
HL
max. 55 55 55 55 54 54 54 54 54 54 54 54 53 53 53
min. 50 50 50 50 49 48 48 48 48 47 47 47 46 45 44
60
Tempering diagram

2000 100
Streckgrenze Rp0.2 und Zugfestigkeit R in N/mm

60 mm diameter Rm
1600 Rp 0,2 80
m
1400 70

1200 60
Z
1000 50
0,2
800 40
p
stress R
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HRC
in in
40
Härte
Hardness
35
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
30 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
°CoC
AC1
in in
700 32
35
Temperatur
15 P 65
F 3 8
Temperature
65
600
A
500
B
400 MS 15 20
30
40
70
300 80
85
90 92 87
M 82 3
200
Härtewerte
Hardness 239 202
100 528 510 505 529 527 483 433 383 349 328 324
302
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit
Timein in
minmin.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
61
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.6580 30CrNiMo8
Chemical
composition
0.26– 0.34 ≤0.40 0.30 – 0.60 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 1.80 – 2.20 0.30 – 0.50 1.80–2.20
≤ 16 1050 1250 – 1450 9 40 30

> 16 ≤ 40 1050 1250 – 1450 9 40 30
> 40 ≤ 100 1900 1100 – 1300 10 45 35
>100 ≤ 160 1800 1000 – 1200 11 50 45
>160 ≤ 250 1700 1900 – 1100 12 50 45
To DIN E 17201 >250 ≤ 500 1630 1850 – 1000 12 – 45

>500 ≤ 1000 1590 1800 – 1950 12 – 40
shearing S A
HB HB
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 850 – 880 830 – 860 Oil 540 – 660
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 56 56 56 56 55 55 55 55 55 54 54 54 54 54 54
min. 48 48 48 48 47 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43
HH
max. 56 56 56 56 55 55 55 55 55 54 54 54 54 54 54
min. 51 51 51 51 50 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 47 47
HL
max. 53 53 53 53 52 52 52 52 52 51 51 51 51 50 50
min. 48 48 48 48 47 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43
62
Tempering diagram
1400
Rm
2
in N/mm
Typical values for
2
60 mm diameter
tensile strength R N/mm

1200
p 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm inm
Z in %
1000
Rp 0,2
A and reduction of
A und Brucheinschnürung
800 80
stress RRp0.2 and
600 60
at fracture
Z
Streckgrenze
400 40
Bruchdehnung
0.2% proof
Elongation
200 20
A
0
450 550 650
Anlasstemperatur oC
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Überschneidung
Overlap of
30 HH+HL-Sorte
HH + HL grade
HL-Sorte
HL grade
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
AC3
800
Temperaturinin°CoC
700 AC1
Temperature
600
A
500
400
MS
B
300 10 20
M 60
85 90
200 95
Härtewerte
Hardness
100 574 552 530 534 560 480 476 433 397
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Zeit ininhh
Time
63
THYROFORT® 36 NiCrMo 16
Material No.
Code
Material No. Code
1.6773 36NiCrMo16
Chemical
composition
0.32– 0.39 ≤0.40 0.30 – 0.60 ≤0.030 ≤0.025 1.60 – 2.00 0.25 – 0.45 3.60–4.10
≤ 16 1050 1250 – 1450 19 40 30

> 16 ≤ 40 1050 1250 – 1450 19 40 30
> 40 ≤ 100 1900 1100 – 1300 10 45 35
>100 ≤ 160 1800 1000 – 1200 11 50 45
>160 ≤ 250 1800 1000 – 1200 11 50 45
shearing S A
HB HB
Heat treatment
Quenching
end-quench test
Temperatures in °C
850 885 – 905 865 – 885 Air or oil 550 – 650
Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
H
max. 57 56 56 56 56 56 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55
min. 50 49 48 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
HH
max. 57 56 56 56 56 56 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55
min. 52 51 51 51 51 51 51 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
HL
max. 55 54 53 53 53 53 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52
min. 50 49 48 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
64
THYROFORT® 36 NiCrMo 16
Tempering diagram

2000 100

Rm

120 mm diameter
1600 80
Rp 0,2
1400

70
Z
1200 60
1000 50
800
Streckgrenze Rp0.2
40
stress R
600 30
400 20
0.2% proof
A
200 10
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
70
65
60
55
50
HRC
45
HärteininHRC
40
Hardness
35
HH grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap of
Überschneidung
30 HH + HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
HL-Sorte
HL grade
25
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Distance
Stirnfläche mm
Time-temperature-
1100
1000
900
800
°CoC
Ac1e
in in
700
Temperatur
Ac1b
Temperature
600
A+K
500
400
MS
300
B
200
Härtewerte
Hardness M RA
100 528 518 518 515 470 462
HV 10
0
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Zeit in s
Time in s
100 101 102 103 104
Zeit in min
Time in min.
100 101 102
Zeit in h
Time in h 65
Thyrofort – The basics
Heat-treatable steels are steels and the cooling rate on hardening Effect of microstructure
whose chemical composition (i.e. the quenching medium). The strength and toughness of a
makes them suitable for harden- These parameters determine the heat-treatable steel depend on
ing. In the quenched and tem- capacity of a steel to attain the hardening structure and the
pered condition, they exhibit a roughly the same mechanical- tempering temperature.
certain toughness at a given ten- technological properties over a 80
700 oC
sile strength. certain cross-section of the com- 70 Steel 42 CrMo 4
600 oC Tempering Temperature
Heat-treatable steels, as stan- ponent after hardening and tem-
Reduction of Area in %
60
500 oC
450 oC
dardized in DIN EN 10083, for pering. For small sections, this is 50 350 oC
Brittle Fracture 100% M

40
example, can be mild carbon possible with unalloyed or Mn-, Transition 50% B
50% M
30
steels or steels alloyed with man- Cr- and B-alloyed steels. Larger Ductile Fracture
55% F + P
45% M
20
ganese, chromium, molybdenum, sections demand fairly large 600 1000 1500 2000
Tensile Strength in N/mm2
Acc. to H.-F. Klärner and E. Hougardy
nickel, vanadium and boron, hav- quantities of the alloying elements
ing approximately 0.20 to 0.60 % Cr, Ni, Mo and V in order to ensure Fig. 3: Effect of the microstructure on
reduction of area and toughness
carbon, whose mechanical-tech- through-hardening. Fig. 2 shows
nological properties can be an example of the effect of alloy- As shown in Fig. 3, using steel
designed to fulfill the given ing elements on hardenability in grade 42 CrMo 4 as an example,
requirements by the appropriate the end-quench test on heat- the most favourable combination
heat treatment – hardening fol- treatable steels with approximate- of tensile strength and toughness,
lowed by tempering at tempera- ly 0.35% carbon. illustrated here by the reduction
tures usually over 550 °C. of area, is reached after
60
tempering a 100 % martensitic
Effect of the alloying ele- 50
36 CrNiMo 4 structure. Mixed structures of
ments on hardenability
Hardness in HRC
bainite and martensite or

40
34 CrMo 4
The choice of a suitable steel for ferrite-pearlite and martensite
30
a component demanding a cer- 34 Cr 4 give less favourable results.
tain minimum yield point or ulti- 20
C 35E
mate strength and toughness
10
depends on the hardenability of 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Fig. 2: Effect of alloying elements on
Distance from end-face in mm
hardenability in the end-quench test
the steel, the hardening section
66
The effect of the structure dimin- Minimum Absorbed Energy (DVM Sample) in J
Dimensional Range 40-100 mm Effect of the carbon
ishes with increasing tempering 60 content
temperature. 50
CrNiMo steels
Improvements in the fatigue
1% Cr steels
Due to their superior hardening strength and/or wear resist-
40
1% CrMo steels
structure, better strength/tough- ance of heat-treatable
30
ness combinations can be ob- unalloyed steels steels are often achieved by
20
tained with higher-alloyed steels 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 case hardening. Depending
Minimum Yield Point in N/mm 2
than with unalloyed or low-alloy Fig. 4: Effect of chemical composition on on the desired surface hardness,
the minimum 0.2% proof stress and
grades (Fig. 4). toughness of heat-treatable steels
these steels require a minimum
carbon content that must be fully
Temper embrittlement dissolved on hardening (Fig. 5).
Apart from these effects, the loss The use of fine-grained steels is
of toughness due to embrittle- recommended for flame or induc-
ment that occurs on tempering tion hardening, to ensure lower
around 300 °C (300 °C embrittle- sensitivity to cracking.
ment) and 500 °C (temper brittle- Fig. 5: Hardness as a function of carbon
content for structures with various marten-
ness) should be mentioned to site contents (acc. to Gerber and Wyss).
complete the picture.

80 C-Steels
Accompanying elements, such as
Ni-Steels
phosphorus, arsenic, antimony 70 % Martensite
99.9% Mn-Si-Steels
and tin, increase the degree of 95.0%
90.0% Cr-Si-Steels
60
temper embrittlement, while 80.0%
Cr-Ni-Mo-Steels
50.0%
Hardness in HRC
molybdenum or more rapid cool- 50 Cr-Ni-Steels
ing after tempering reduce it. Mo-Steels

40
In order to avoid such brittleness Cr-Mo-Steels
30 Cr-Steels
effects, it is therefore advisable
Greatest hardness
acc. to Burns, Moore and Archer
not to temper in the temperature
20
Hardness with various martensite contents,
range from 250 °C to 530 °C. acc. to Hodge and Orehoski
10
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Content of carbon dissolved in austenite in %
67
The heat-treatable steels dis- Forming and machining In order to improve machinability,
cussed in this publication are Heat-treatable steels exhibit good heat-treatable steels are usually
special engineering steels which hot forming properties. Their cold supplied with a controlled sul-
exhibit a higher degree of purity workability depends on the car- phur content of 0.020 – 0.040 %.
compared to high-grade steels, bon content, the quantities of Steels whose machinability has
particularly with regard to non- alloying elements and the crys- been improved by special metal-
metallic inclusions, and react uni- talline structure. Heat-treatable lurgical treatment can be sup-
formly to heat treatment. Careful steels intended to be processed plied on request.
balancing of the chemical compo- by cold upsetting or cold extru-
sition and special manufacturing sion are usually supplied in the
and testing conditions allow the ASC-annealed condition.
most varied machining and ser- Machinability is mostly influenced
vice properties to be achieved, by the strength, the micro-
e.g. high or very specific strength structure and the non-metallic
or hardenability in conjunction inclusions.
with high demands on toughness, In general, it can be said that
ductility, etc. machinability deteriorates with
increasing strength and tough-
Heat-treatable steels are predom- ness. This is why ferritic-pearlitic
inantly used for mechanically structures, for example, can be
highly stressed components, e.g. more easily machined than
in automotive and general me- bainitic or martensitic structures.
chanical engineering. In cases involving extensive ma-
chining of components made of
high-strength steels (approx.
2
>1000 N/mm ), it can thus be
appropriate not to carry out
hardening and tempering until the
part has been pre-machined.
68
Heat treatment -
Schematic representation
Heat treatment = Start of transformation A Austenite range B Bainite range
= End of transformation F Ferrite range

The prerequisite for understanding M Martensite range
P Pearlite range
the individual heat treatment
(continous)
1000
processes of heat-treatable steels
900
AC 3 AC 3
and the resulting structures is a 800
700 AC 1 Tempering AC 1
knowledge of the time-tempera- A
600 F P Stress relieving
5
ture-transformation (TTT) diagrams 500 2
B 3 6
400 MS
or the cooling-time-temperature- 300
4
1
M
transformation (CTT) diagrams of 200
100
the individual steel grades. 0
Time (log.) Time in h (linear)
Fig. 6 Fig. 7
TTT-Diagram continous Time-temperature diagram
The important heat treatment
processes for heat-treatable steels Fig. 6: TTT diagram, continous
(acc. to DIN 17014) are shown Fig. 7: Time-temperature diagram with linear abscissa
schematically in the isothermal and

continuous TTT diagrams (Figs. 6 Heat treatment processes, Quenching and tempering (Q + T,
and 8) or in the temperature-time illustrated in a TTT diagram Curves 1 and 3)
profile with linear time axis (Figs. 7 for continuous cooling Hardening with subsequent tem-
and 9). Hardening (Q, Curve 1) pering, usually above 550 °C, in
Heat treatment consisting of order to achieve the required com-
austenitising and cooling under bination of mechanical properties.
conditions leading to an increase It is particularly the aim to improve
in hardness due to more or less the toughness in comparison with
complete transformation of the the hardened state.
austenite into martensite and Normalising (N, Curve 2)
possibly bainite. Heat treatment consisting of
austenitising at temperatures
about 50 °C above AC3 and subse-
quent cooling in still air.
69
Heat treatment processes, Heat treatment processes, Stress relief annealing (Curve 4)
illustrated in a TTT diagram illustrated in a temperature/ Annealing with the aim of reducing
with isothermal treatment time profile with linear time residual stresses without appre-
Isothermal transformation in the axis ciably changing the structure or
pearlite or bainite stage Tempering (T, Curve 3) mechanical properties.
(Curves 5 and 6) Single or multiple heating of a Soft annealing (A, Curve 7)
Heat treatment consisting of hardened workpiece to a given Heat treatment for reducing the
austenitising, followed by cooling temperature AC1, holding at this hardness of a workpiece to values
to an appropriate temperature and temperature and subsequent ap- below a given limit.
holding at this temperature until propriate cooling. N.B.: Soft annealing should not be
the desired degree of transforma- Annealing to spherical carbides confused with annealing to spheri-
tion has been achieved. Further (AC, Curves 8 and 9) cal carbides.
cooling to room temperature can Annealing with the aim of spheroid- Special case: Annealing for
be carried out as desired. Depend- ising the carbides. It usually com- particular shearing (S) and sawing
ing on the transformation tempera- prises extended holding at a tem- properties.
ture involved, a distinction is made perature near AC1, possibly fluctu-
between pearlitising (Curve 6) and ating around this value.
bainitising (Curve 5).
1000
900
AC3
800 AC3
700 AC1 AC1

F
A P
Temperature in oC
600
500 8
Temperature
B
400 6 ASC-annealing
5
300 7 Soft annealing
9
200
100
0
Time (log.) t
= Start of transformation A Austenite range B range of intermediate structure
= End of transformation F Ferrite range M Martensite range Time
Fig. 8: TTT diagram, isothermal Fig. 9: Schematic representation of the temperature/time profile for
annealing to spherical cementite (ASC) and soft annealing
70
Sampling according to
DIN EN 10083
Sampling of bar steel and wire rod Fig. 10
Round sections Square and rectangular sections

d up to 25 mm 1) d over 25 mm a up to 25 mm 1) a over 25 mm
b≥a b≥a
b
b
a
a
12.5
d
.5
12
12.5 12.5
d
b
2) b 3) 3)
a
a
12.5
.5
d
12
d 12.5 12,5
Tensile specimen notched bar impact specimen

1) For thin products (d or b ≤ 25 mm) the specimen should,
as far as possible, consist of an unmachined part of the bar.
2) With products having a round section, the longitudinal axle of the notch
should be generally in the direction of a diameter.
3)
With products having rectangular sections, the longitudinal axle of the notch
must be at right angles to the wider roll surface.
The values given for the mechani- tempered” or “normalised” heat-

cal properties in Figs. 1a-h and in treated condition, taken in accor-
the material data sheets apply to dance with Fig. 10.
samples in the “quenched and
71
Ruling heat
treatment diameter
Determination of the ruling heat treatment diameter acc. to DIN EN 17201 Fig. 11
Name Sketch of Equation for determining D = Diameter According to DIN EN 10083, the
Product section the appropriate heat treatment
diameter
Di = Inner diameter ruling heat treatment section of a
Round (bar)
section d=D
D
Da = Outer diameter
product is the cross-section for
Square (bar)
section a d = 1.1 · a
which the mechanical properties
a,b = edge length
Oblong (bar) a d = 1.05 · a· b
section b are defined.
d = 1.5 · b
W = wall thickness
Disc
d= h· D Regardless of the actual shape and
D h Sw = Hexagon width
d = 1.5 · h
dimensions of the product, the di-
d= h · Da 2-Di
Disc with Di h = Height
hole h mension for the ruling heat treat-
d = 1.5 · h
Da
Fd = Flange and shaft
d = 1.05 · h · Da 2-Di or roll diameter ment section is always expressed
Ring Di
h Da -Di
d = 1.5 ·
Da 2
Fb = Flange and shaft in the form of a diameter. This di-
Di ≤ 80 mm d=2 ·W or roll width
W
Tube Di 80 < Di ≤ 200 mm d = 1.75 · W ameter corresponds to the diame-
200 < Di d = 1.5 · W
one-end W ter of an “equivalent steel bar”.

or This is a steel bar which, when
d = 2.5 · W
double-end closed W
hollow body cooled from the austenitisation
Fd
temperature, has the same cooling
End D d= Fb2 · D2
flange
Fb rate at the location of the cross-
Shaft D Fd d = Fd
end section envisaged for sampling as
Fb
Fd the ruling section of the product in

Centre d= (Fd-4 D +D)2 +Fb2
D
flange
Fb
question at the point envisaged for
Schaft, D d = Fd
Fd sampling.
roll
Fb
Triangle (bar) d = 1.03 · Sw

Sw
In Fig. 6 equations are
quoted for the
Dreieck (bar) d = 0.7 · a determination of the
appropriate heat
a
treatment diameter d.
If two equations are available, both are used to calculate d. The lower
value of d is then used.
Fig. 11: Conversion formulas for determin-

ing the ruling heat treatment diameter d
for various geometries
72
Permissible deviations between check analysis and ladle analysis Table 4

1
± means that, for a given melt, either the
Element Maximum permissible Deviation from limit1
upper or the lower limit of the range given
content in the ladle analysis % by weight
for the ladle analysis in Tables 2 and 3 may
% by weight
be exceeded, but not both at once.
< 0.55 ± 0.02
C
2
For steels with a range of 0.020 to 0.040%
> 0.55 < 0.65 ± 0.03 sulphur according to the ladle analysis, the
deviation from the limit is ± 0.005%.
Si < 0.40 ± 0.03
< 1.00 ± 0.04 For check analysis, chips must be taken
Mn uniformly over the whole cross-section of
> 1.00 < 1.65 ± 0.05 the test piece.
P < 0.035 ± 0.005
S < 0.040 ± 0.0052
< 2.00 ± 0.05
Cr
> 2.00 < 2.20 ± 0.10
< 0.30 ± 0.03
Mo
> 0.30 < 0.50 ± 0.04
< 2.00 ± 0.05
Ni
> 2.00 < 4.10 ± 0.07
V < 0.25 ± 0.02
73
Comparison of international standards
Comparison of the heat-treatable steels according to DIN EN 10083 or

DIN E 17201 and DIN 17212 with international designations and standards Table 5
Grade Mat. Code name Other USA Japan

No. according to German
EN 10083-1 standards
Thyrofort C 22 E 1.1151 C22E DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 1020/1023 JIS S20C / S20CK / S22C
DIN 1652 T4 / SEW 550
Thyrofort C 35 E 1.1181 C35E DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 1035/1038 JIS S35C
DIN E 17240/ DIN 1652 T4 /
SEW 550
Thyrofort C 35 R 1.1180 C35R DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4 AISI / SAE /ASTM 1035 –
Thyrofort Cf 35 1.1183 – DIN 17212 AISI / SAE /ASTM 1035 JIS S35C
Thyrofort C 45 E 1.1191 C45E DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 1045 JIS S45C / S45C
DIN 1652 T4 / SEW 550
Thyrofort C 45 R 1.1201 C45R DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4 AISI / SAE /ASTM 1049 JIS S50C
Thyrofort Cf 45 1.1193 – DIN 17212 AISI / SAE /ASTM 1045 JIS S45C
Thyrofort Cf 53 1.1213 – DIN 17212 AISI / SAE /ASTM 1050/1055 JIS S50C
Thyrofort C 55 E 1.1203 C55E DIN 17204 / DIN 17222 AISI / SAE /ASTM 1055 JIS S55C
Thyrofort C 55 R 1.1209 C55R DIN 17204 / DIN 17222 AISI / SAE /ASTM 1055 –
Thyrofort C 60 E 1.1221 C60E DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 1060/1064 JIS S58C
DIN E 17222 / DIN 1652 T4 /
SEW 550
Thyrofort C 60 R 1.1223 C60R DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4 – –
Thyrofort 28 Mn 6 1.1170 28Mn6 DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 1330 JIS SCMn1
DIN 1652 T4 / SEW 550
Thyrofort 46 Cr 2 1.7006 46Cr2 DIN 1652 T4 / DIN 1654 T4 AISI / SAE /ASTM 5045 / 5046 –
Thyrofort 46 CrS 2 1.7025 46CrS2 DIN 1652 T4 – –
Thyrofort 34 Cr 4 1.7033 34Cr2 DIN 1652 T4 / DIN 1654 T4 AISI / SAE /ASTM 5132 JIS SCr430(H)
Thyrofort 37 Cr 4 1.7034 37Cr4 DIN 1652 T4 / DIN 1654 T4 AISI / SAE /ASTM 5135 JIS SCr435(H)
Thyrofort 41 Cr 4 1.7035 41Cr4 DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 5140 JIS SCr440(H)
DIN 1654 T4
Thyrofort 51 CrV 4 1.8159 51CrV4 DIN 17211 / DIN 17222 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 6145 / 6150 JIS SUP10
DIN 1652 T4
Thyrofort 25 CrMo 4 1.7218 25CrMo4 DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 4130 JIS SCM420 / SCM430 / SCCRM1
DIN 17176 / DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4
Thyrofort 25 CrMoS 4 1.7213 25CrMoS4 DIN 1652 T4 – –
Thyrofort 34 CrMo 4 1.7220 34CrMo4 DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 4135 /4137 JIS SCM432 / SCM435(H)/SCCRM3
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
Thyrofort 42 CrMo 4 1.7225 42CrMo4 DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 4140 /4142 JIS SCM440(H)/SNB7
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
Thyrofort 50 CrMo 4 1.7228 50CrMo4 DIN E 17201 / DIN 1652 T4 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 4150 JIS SCM445(H)
SEW 550
Thyrofort 30 CrMoV 9 1.7707 – DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / – –
DIN 1652 T4 SEW 550
Thyrofort 36 CrNiMo 4 1.6511 36CrNiMo4 DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4 AISI / SAE /ASTM 4340 / 9840 –
Thyrofort 34 CrNiMo 6 1.6582 34CrNiMo6 DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / AISI / SAE /ASTM 4337 / 4340 JIS SNCM447
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
Thyrofort 30 CrNiMo 8 1.6580 30CrNiMo8 DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 / – JIS SNCM431
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
Thyrofort 36 NiCrMo 16 1.6773 36NiCrMo16 – – –
74
Hardness comparison table
Tensile strength, Brinell,

Vickers and Rockwell hardness
Tensile Brinell hardness Vickers Rockwell hardness Tensile Brinell hardness Vickers Rockwell hardness
strength Ball inden- hardness strength Ball hardness
Rm tation mm Rm indentation
N/mm2 d HB HV HRB HRC HR 30 N N/mm2 mm d HB HV HRB HRC HR 30 N
255 6.63 76.0 80 – – – 2030 2.54 (580) 610 – 55.7 73.7
270 6.45 80.7 85 41.0 – – 2070 2.52 (589) 620 – 56.3 74.2
285 6.30 85.5 90 48.0 – – 2105 2.51 (599) 630 – 56.8 74.6
305 6.16 90.2 95 52.0 – – 2145 2.49 (608) 640 – 57.3 75.1
320 6.01 95.0 100 56.2 – – 2180 2.47 (618) 650 – 57.8 75.5
335 5.90 99.8 105 – – – – – – 660 – 58.3 75.9
350 5.75 105 110 62.3 – – – – – 670 – 58.8 76.4
370 5.65 109 115 – – – – – – 680 – 59.2 76.8
385 5.54 114 120 66.7 – – – – – 690 – 59.7 77.2
400 5.43 119 125 – – – – – – 700 – 60.1 77.6
415 5.33 124 130 71.2 – – – – – 720 – 61.0 78.4
430 5.26 128 135 – – – – – – 740 – 61.8 79.1
450 5.16 133 140 75.0 – – – – – 760 – 62.5 79.7
465 5.08 138 145 – – – – – – 780 – 63.3 80.4
480 4.99 143 150 78.7 – – – – – 800 – 64.0 81.1
495 4.93 147 155 – – – – – – 820 – 64.7 81.7
510 4.85 152 160 81.7 – – – – – 840 – 65.3 82.2
530 4.79 156 165 – – – – – – 860 – 65.9 82.7
545 4.71 162 170 85.0 – – – – – 880 – 66.4 83.1
560 4.66 166 175 – – – – – – 900 – 67.0 83.6
575 4.59 171 180 87.1 – – – – – 920 – 67.5 84.0
595 4.53 176 185 – – – – – – 940 – 68.0 84.4
610 4.47 181 190 89.5 – –
625 4.43 185 195 – – –
Conversions of hardness values using this conversion table are only approximate.
640 4.37 190 200 91.5 – –
660 4.32 195 205 92.5 – – See DIN 50 150, December 1976.
675 4.27 199 210 93.5 – –
690 4.22 204 215 94.0 – –
705 4.18 209 220 95.0 – –
720 4.13 214 225 96.0 – –
740 4.08 219 230 96.7 – –
755 4.05 223 235 – – –
770 4.01 228 240 98.1 20.3 41.7
785 3.97 233 245 – 21.3 42.5
800 3.92 238 250 99.5 22.2 43.4
820 3.89 242 255 – 23.1 44.2
835 3.86 247 260 (101) 24.0 45.0
850 3.82 252 265 – 24.8 45.7
865 3.78 257 270 (102) 25.6 46.4
880 3.75 261 275 – 26.4 47.2
900 3.72 266 280 (104) 27.1 47.8
915 3.69 271 285 – 27.8 48.4
930 3.66 276 290 (105) 28.5 49.0
950 3.63 280 295 – 29.2 49.7
965 3.60 285 300 – 29.8 50.2
995 3.54 295 310 – 31.0 51.3
1030 3.49 304 320 – 32.2 52.3
1060 3.43 314 330 – 33.3 53.6
1095 3.39 323 340 – 34.4 54.4
1125 3.34 333 350 – 35.5 55.4
1155 3.29 342 360 – 36.6 56.4
1190 3.25 352 370 – 37.7 57.4
1220 3.21 361 380 – 38.8 58.4
1255 3.17 371 390 – 39.8 59.3
1290 3.13 380 400 – 40.8 60.2
Tensile strength N/mm2 Rm
1320 3.09 390 410 – 41.8 61.1
1350 3.06 399 420 – 42.7 61.9
Brinell hardness1) Diameter of the d
1385 3.02 409 430 – 43.6 62.7 1)
Calculated from: ball indentation in mm
1420 2.99 418 440 – 44.5 63.5
HB = 0.95 · HV
1455 2.95 428 450 – 45.3 64.3
1485 2.92 437 460 – 46.1 64.9
1520 2.89 447 470 – 46.9 65.7 0.102 · 2 F
(0.102 F/D2 = 30) Hardness HB
1555 2.86 (456) 480 – 47.7 66.4 D = 10 value = π D (D – √D2 – d2)
1595 2.83 (466) 490 – 48.4 67.1
1630 2.81 (475) 500 – 49.1 67.7 Vickers hardness Diamond pyramid HV
1665 2.78 (485) 510 – 49.8 68.3 Test forces ≥ 50 N
1700 2.75 (494) 520 – 50.5 69.0
1740 2.73 (504) 530 – 51.1 69.5 Rockwell hardness Ball 1.588 mm (1/16“) HRB
1775 2.70 (513) 540 – 51.7 70.0 Total test force = 98 N
1810 2.68 (523) 550 – 52.3 70.5
1845 2.66 (532) 560 – 53.0 71.2 Diamond cone HRC
1880 2.63 (542) 570 – 53.6 71.7 Total test force = 1471 N
1920 2.60 (551) 580 – 54.1 72.1
1955 2.59 (561) 590 – 54.7 72.7 Diamond cone
1995 2.57 (570) 600 – 55.2 73.2 Total test force = 294 N HR 30 N
75
Forms supplied
Product Dimensions Tolerances Lengths/ End As-supplied Surface finish

weights condition condition
Dia. or edge length Lengths Straightness
Bar steel 55 – 250 mm dia. DIN 1013 Subject to ≤ 80 mm: 4.0 – 10 m, Hot-sawn Untreated Rough-peeled finish
and round purchase 4.0 mm/m other lengths or hot abrasi- available for 52 -
> 200 mm dia. standard in- Cold-sheara-
billets for order on request ve-cut 240 mm
company tolerance, closer > 80 mm: ble
tubemaking Max. permissible
rolled tolerance on request Special:*) 2.5 mm/m Special:*)
Cold-sawable surface defect dep-
≤ +100/-0 Cold-sawn,
cold abrasive- Normalized ths:
Sharp-edged DIN 1014 < 1000 mm2: cut Round: 1% max. of
50 – 103 mm square 4.0 mm/m Treated to
dia. + 0.05 mm
ferrite-pearlite
> 1000 mm2: structure Square: 1% max. of
Flat: DIN 1017 2.5 mm/m
up to 150 mm width and edge length
Width: 80 – 510 mm Treated to
Thickness: 60 mm thickness; Special:*) hardness Flat: 1.5% max. of
25 – 160 mm over 150 mm width Specially range width, 2.0% max. of
Width/thickness standard in-company tole- straightened thickness
ratio 10:1 max rance Soft-annealed
Special:*)
Width: Spheroidize- Smaller surface
Sheet bars Tolerance on request defect depth on
25 – 160 mm annealed
rolled with request
bulbous nar- Thickness: Stress-relie-
row face 80 – 550 mm ved
Quenched
Semis 50 – 320 mm square, < 210 mm +/- 2% Standard: ≤ 210 mm Edge radius:
and tempered
rolled rising in 1 mm incre- > 210 mm +/- 3% 6 mm/m square:
ments hot-sawn < 210 mm - 12-18%
of edge length
Special:*) or hot abrasi- of edge length
Special:*) 4 mm/m ve-cut > 210 mm: without
≤ 100 mm +/- 1%
> 210 mm defined edge radius
of edge length
square: Max. perm. surface
> 100 mm – 210 mm hot-sheared defect depth:
+/- 1.5% of edge length Special:*) ≤ 140 mm sq.
Cold abrasive- 0.3 mm max.
cut, cold-sawn
> 140 - 200 mm sq.
0.6 mm max.
> 200 mm sq.
visible defects elimi-
nated
Bar steel 65 – 750 mm dia. DIN 7527 Semis: Lengths as Hot abrasive- Special:*)
and semis as-forged a function of cut or cold-
265 – 650 mm straightness dimensions - Rough-peeled
forged sawn
square and heat- - Turned
Bar steel: Special:*) - Milled
flat: on request treatment
to DIN within Cold abrasive-
condition
the tolerance cut
on request
limit
Bright steel As-peeled 3 - 10 m, on Hot-sawn/hot Technically crack-free

straightness request 30 m abrasive-cut condition e.g. eddy-
peeled 52 – 400 mm dia. ISA Tol. 11 or comparable ≤ 2 mm/m, max. as a current tested or
tolerance 1 mm/m or function of Special:*)
comparable tech-
closer as a dia. and Cold-sawn/
peeled and 52 – 300 mm dia. ISA Tol. 11 or comparable nique, defined depth
function of max. bar abrasive-cut
polished tolerance of roughness and sui-
dimensions dead weight Dimensions 50 table packaging by
on request of 7 t - 105 mm with special arrangement
round chamfer
30° or 45°,
chamfer width
ground 52 – 100 mm dia. ISA-Tol. 8 or comparable 3–8m approx. 5 -12
tolerance mm, other
widths by ar-
rangement
As-cast on request
ingots/c.c.
blooms
Open-die Forgings forged to
forgings shape on request
(drawing)
*) Special finishes subject to further inquiry (partly dependent on quality, dimensions and condition)
76
Temperature Comparison
Chart
°C °F K
X = particular K X– 273 9 /5 (X–273) + 32 X
measured °C X 9 /5 X + 32 X + 273
temperature °F 5 /9 (X–32) X 5 /9 (X–32) + 273
°C °F K °C °F K °C °F K
–273,15 –459,67 0,00 380,00 716,00 653,15 910,00 1670,00 1183,15
–270,00 –454,00 3,15 390,00 743,00 663,15 920,00 1688,00 1193,15
–200,00 –328,00 73,15 400,00 752,00 673,15 930,00 1706,00 1203,15
–150,00 –238,00 123,15 410,00 770,00 683,15 940,00 1724,00 1213,15
–100,00 –148,00 173,15 420,00 788,00 693,15 950,00 1742,00 1223,15
– 90,00 –130,00 183,15 430,00 806,00 703,15 960,00 1760,00 1233,15
– 80,00 –112,00 193,15 440,00 824,00 713,15 970,00 1778,00 1243,15
– 70,00 – 94,00 203,15 450,00 842,00 723,15 980,00 1796,00 1253,15
– 60,00 – 76,00 213,15 460,00 860,00 733,15 990,00 1814,00 1263,15
– 50,00 – 58,00 223,15 470,00 878,00 743,15 1000,00 1832,00 1273,15
– 40,00 – 40,00 233,15 480,00 896,00 753,15 1010,00 1850,00 1283,15
– 30,00 – 22,00 243,15 490,00 914,00 763,15 1020,00 1868,00 1393,15
– 20,00 – 4,00 253,15 500,00 932,00 773,15 1030,00 1886,00 1303,15
– 17,78 0,00 255,37 510,00 950,00 783,15 1040,00 1904,00 1313,15
– 10,00 14,00 263,15 520,00 968,00 793,15 1050,00 1922,00 1323,15
0,00 32,00 273,15 530,00 986,00 803,15 1060,00 1940,00 1333,15
10,00 50,00 283,15 540,00 1004,00 813,15 1070,00 1958,00 1343,15
20,00 68,00 293,15 550,00 1022,00 823,15 1080,00 1976,00 1353,15
30,00 86,00 303,15 560,00 1040,00 833,15 1090,00 1994,00 1363,15
40,00 104,00 313,15 570,00 1058,00 843,15 1100,00 2012,00 1373,15
50,00 122,00 323,15 580,00 1076,00 853,15 1110,00 2030,00 1383,15
60,00 140,00 333,15 590,00 1094,00 863,15 1120,00 2048,00 1393,15
70,00 158,00 343,15 600,00 1112,00 873,15 1130,00 2066,00 1403,15
80,00 176,00 353,15 610,00 1130,00 883,15 1140,00 2084,00 1413,15
90,00 194,00 363,15 620,00 1148,00 893,15 1150,00 2102,00 1423,15
100,00 212,00 373,15 630,00 1166,00 903,15 1160,00 2120,00 1433,15
110,00 230,00 383,15 640,00 1184,00 913,15 1170,00 2138,00 1443,15
120,00 248,00 393,15 650,00 1202,00 923,15 1180,00 2156,00 1453,15
130,00 266,00 403,15 660,00 1220,00 933,15 1190,00 2174,00 1463,15
140,00 284,00 413,15 670,00 1238,00 943,15 1200,00 2192,00 1473,15
150,00 302,00 423,15 680,00 1256,00 953,15 1210,00 2210,00 1483,15
160,00 320,00 433,15 690,00 1274,00 963,15 1220,00 2228,00 1493,15
170,00 338,00 443,15 700,00 1292,00 973,15 1230,00 2246,00 1503,15
180,00 356,00 453,15 710,00 1310,00 983,15 1240,00 2264,00 1513,15
190,00 374,00 463,15 720,00 1328,00 993,15 1250,00 2282,00 1523,15
200,00 392,00 473,15 730,00 1346,00 1003,15 1260,00 2300,00 1533,15
210,00 410,00 483,15 740,00 1364,00 1013,15 1270,00 2318,00 1543,15
220,00 428,00 493,15 750,00 1382,00 1023,15 1280,00 2336,00 1553,15
230,00 446,00 503,15 760,00 1400,00 1033,15 1290,00 2354,00 1563,15
240,00 464,00 513,15 770,00 1418,00 1043,15 1300,00 2372,00 1573,15
250,00 482,00 523,15 780,00 1436,00 1053,15 1310,00 2390,00 1583,15
260,00 500,00 533,15 790,00 1454,00 1063,15 1320,00 2408,00 1593,15
270,00 518,00 543,15 800,00 1472,00 1073,15 1330,00 2426,00 1603,15
280,00 536,00 553,15 810,00 1490,00 1083,15 1340,00 2444,00 1613,15
290,00 554,00 563,15 820,00 1508,00 1093,15 1350,00 2462,00 1623,15
300,00 572,00 573,15 830,00 1526,00 1103,15 1360,00 2480,00 1633,15
310,00 590,00 583,15 840,00 1544,00 1113,15 1370,00 2498,00 1643,15
320,00 608,00 593,15 850,00 1562,00 1123,15 1380,00 2516,00 1653,15
330,00 626,00 603,15 860,00 1580,00 1133,15 1390,00 2234,00 1663,15
340,00 644,00 613,15 870,00 1598,00 1143,15 1400,00 2552,00 1673,15
350,00 662,00 623,15 880,00 1616,00 1153,15 1500,00 2732,00 1783,15
360,00 680,00 633,15 890,00 1634,00 1163,15 2000,00 3632,00 2273,15
370,00 698,00 643,15 900,00 1652,00 1173,15 2500,00 4532,00 2773,15
77
List of photos
Page Source Object/Motif
Cover Alfing Crankshaft

03 Steinmetz Crankshaft
04 MAN, B&W Ship’s engine
4– 5 Company photo Forge
4– 5 Company photo, Siemens Turbine shaft
5 Company photo Team meeting
6 Thyssen Umformtechnik Crankshaft
6– 7 Alfing Crankshaft
7 Steinmetz Chips
8 Company photo Bar steel warehouse
8– 9 Steinmetz Rudder spindles
10 Bavaria Landing gear
10 Imagine Oil tanker
10 – 11 MAN Ship’s engine
10 – 11 Shuton Recirculating ball screw
10 PSA Peugot Citroen Peugot 607
11 DAF XF95 truck
11 Doppelmayr Chairlift
11 Mannesmann High-pressure tubes
11 Company photo Sliding sleeve
11 Image Ariane launcher
12 Company photo Wheel loader

12 Atlas Copco Demolition hammer
12 – 13 Mannesmann Röhrenwerke Continuous tube mill
12 Company photo Sliding sleeve
13 Baker Hughes Oil tool
13 Company photo Drilling rig
13 Schwellis/Peddinghaus BMW suspension
13 Schwellis/Peddinghaus Ripper tips/Excavator tooth
13 Company photo Axle stub
13 Worthington Heiser Gas cylinders
14 Company photo Electric arc furnace
14 Company photo Vacuum plant
15 Company photo Continuous casting plant
15 Company photo ESR plant
16 Company photo Control room, 3000 t press
16 Company photo Forging bar steel
16 Company photo Blooming mill
16 – 17 Company photo Forging, 3000 t press
17 Carlow Peeling machine
17 Company photo Forging, 3000 t press
78
General note (liability)
All statements regarding the properties
or utilisation of the materials or products
mentioned are for the purposes of
description only. Guarantees regarding
the existence of certain properties or a
certain utilisation are only ever valid if
agreed upon in writing.
79
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
Heat-treatable steels
• Sales - Heat-treatable steels

Tel. (+49) 2302/294346 · Fax (+49) 2302/294687 0 23 0
E-mail: ressing@ewkgmbh.de
• Quality Department
Tel. (+49) 2302/294020 · Fax (+49) 2302/2944363 02/29 44 36
Tel. (+49) 2151/832046 · Fax (+49) 2151/834156
c1/00
EDELSTAHL WITTEN-KREFELD GMBH

Auestraße 4, 58452 Witten/Germany · Tel. (+49) 2302/294307 · Fax (+49) 2302/294308
E-mail: dr.sobottka@ewk.thyssen.com · Internet: www.edelstahl-witten-krefeld.de

Heat Treatable Steel

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Heat Treatable Steel

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

EDELSTAHL WITTEN-KREFELD GMBH

Page 21 – 22 Minimum yield points and tensile strength ranges

A tough type through and

Thyrofort – designed for

Customised heat treatment

We’ve got far more than

in stock • THYROFORT 50 CrMo 4

Thyrofort is also the right choice

exact alloying and process speci-

fications for melting, forming Electroslag remelting process

Depending on the steel grade and resistor.

THYSSEN KRUPP STAHL AG

As-forged • Forged semis

• Rolled tube rounds

• Universal plate and flats

purity is attributable to desulphur-

-to-measure work from

parts. We put extensive consult-

Overview of grades, Table 1

Grades Material No. Code name acc. Standardized in

Page 24 – 25 Thyrofort C 22 E 1.1151 C22E DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201

Page 36 – 37 Thyrofort 28 Mn 6 1.1170 28Mn6 DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201

Steel grade Chemical composition to DIN EN 10083, except1 (% by weight)

Code DIN EN Mate- C Si Mn P max. S Cr Mo Ni Cr+Mo+

Steel grade Chemical composition to DIN EN 10083, except1 (% by weight)

Code DIN EN Mate- C Si Mn P max. S Cr Mo Ni V

Thyrofort 46 Cr 2 46Cr2 1.7006 max. 0.035

Overview of minimum 0.2 % proof

Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth range

treatable steel is often determined 1600

by the required minimum yield 1200

The following overview (Figs. 1a-h) 600

shows the minimum 0.2% proof 200

treatment diameters standardized

are valid for the sample positions N/mm2

For a ruling heat treatment diameter of 16 mm < d ≤ 40 mm b)

Overview of minimum 0.2% proof stress

C35E C35E C35E

250 mm < d ≤ 500 mm

C55E C55E 28Mn6

For a ruling heat treatment diameter

For a ruling heat treatment diameter of

25CrMo4 25CrMo4 25CrMo4

34CrMo4 34CrMo4 34CrMo4

42CrMo4 42CrMo4 42CrMo4

For a ruling heat treatment diameter of 100 mm < d ≤ 160 mm

750 mm < d ≤ 1000 mm

Tensile strength range

For a ruling heat treatment diameter of

Minimum 0.2% proof stress

≤ 16 240 430 24 340 500 – 650 20 50 50

To DIN E 17201 > 40 ≤ 100 – – – 260 450 – 600 24 – 45

Normalising Hardening Quenching medium Tempering

Temperatures in °C 880 – 920 860 – 900 Water 550 – 660

Bruchdehnung und Brucheinschnürung

1.1181 C35E 1.1180 C35R 1.1183 Cf35*

≤ 16 300 550 18 430 630 – 780 17 40 35

To DIN E 17201 (Ck35) >100 ≤ 160 – – – 290 490 – 640 22 – 31

1.1191 C45E 1.1201 C45R 1.1193 Cf45*

*To DIN 17212

≤ 16 340 620 14 490 700 – 850 14 35 25

To DIN E 17201 (Ck45) >100 ≤ 160 – – – 340 590 – 740 18 – 22

max. 255 max. 207

Hardness in HRC 1.5 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50