UPCAT Review Math Chapter 10 of 16 PDF

UPCAT REVIEWER SUMMER 2013
EXCEL TUTORIALS www.excelreviews.com
SECTION 10: PRE-REVIEW TEST

Directions: You have 30 minutes to answer 20 items. Box your final answer.
1. Arthur is 36 years old. He is 3 years older than thrice his son’s age. Find
the age of his son.
2. If 5 Ɵ 7 = . Evaluate Ɵ .
3. Patrick is twice as old as his friend, James. James is 8 years older than Rica. In
8 years, Patrick will be three times as old as Rica. How old is James now?
4. Fifty liters of a punch that contains 20% water is mixed with 100 liters of another
punch. The resulting fruit punch is 50% water. How many percent of water is in
the 100 liters of punch.
5. Charles left home and drove at the rate of 60 mph for 3 hours. He stopped for
lunch then drove for another 2 hours at the same rate to reach his destination.
How many miles did Charles drive in total?
6. Mark wrote three consecutive even integers on a piece of paper. Three times the
smallest number is greater by 114 than the sum of the other two. Find the three
numbers.
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7. Dindo and Eduard wanted to be far apart. They left from the same place with
Dindo going to the east at 30 kph while Eduard going to the south at 40 kph. In
how many hours will they be 225 km apart?
8. A snack company is mixing corn and peanuts to make a mixture worth P8 per
kilo. Peanuts cost P9.50 per kilo and they use 3 kilos per batch. If corn cost P6
per kilo, how many kilos of corn do they need per batch?
9. Two printers would finish a task in 24 minutes. Printer 1 alone would finish the
task in 60 minutes. How many pages does the task contain if printer 2 prints 5
pages a minute more than printer 1?
10. Five carpenters can complete constructing a house in 3 weeks. If there are
fifteen carpenters how many days they can finish the same job?
11. Marco’s father is 6 times older than Marco and Marco is twice as old as his sister
Danica. In three years time, the sum of their ages will be 69. How old is Marco
now?
12. In a lab experiment, Fred needs to increase the concentration of a 10% acid
solution to 30%. If the original solution is 30 liters, how many liters of a 60% acid
solution does he need to add the original solution?
13. Three years from now Grace will be 42 years old. In 12 years, the sum of the
ages of Grace and Lovely will be 125. How old is Lovely right now?

14. The product of two odd consecutive integers 575. Find the two integers.
15. A van travelled the SLEX in 4 hours while a second van in 3 hours. If the second
van is 35 kph faster than the first, how fast is the slower van?
16. Flora is 7 years more than thrice the age of her daughter. The age of
daughter is 10. Find the age of mother and find the difference between their
ages.
17. If a pole 10 meters high casts a shadow 12 meters long, how long a shadow
would a pole 14 meters high?
18. What is the two consecutive even integers whose sum is 138?
19. 8 years from now Moly will be 22 years old. The current sum of the ages of Mary
and Britanni is 43. How old is Britanni right now?
20. Adrian and Jonathan who live 18 miles apart start at noon to walk toward each
other at rates of 4 mph and 5 mph respectively. In how many hours will they
meet?

SECTION 10:
WORD PROBLEMS
Now that you know how to write number sentences from the last chapter, we need to
build on this to help you deal with number problems. This chapter will provide you
different kinds of number problems and give you helpful tips on how to understand the
relationships contained in the problems and solve the problem.
A.AGE PROBLEMS
Age problems are generally easiest to solve as it only requires writing the correct
number sentence and solving for the age being asked.
Examples:
Mariah is twice the age of Nick now. What is Mariah’s age if Nick is 21?
m=2n, where n=21

m=2(21)
m=42
Mariah is 42 years old.
Britney is 5 times the age of her oldest son. Five years from now, Britney will be
thrice the age of her son. What is her son’s age now?
Equation (1): b = 5s
Equation (2): b+5=3(s+5), substitute Eq.1 into Eq.2
5s+5 = 3s+15
5s-3s = 10
2s = 10
s=5
Britney’s son is 5 years old.
Ten years ago, Mary was twice the age of her sister, Carol. If Carol is 20 years old
now, how old is Mary now?
m-10 = 2(c-10), where c=20

m-10 =2(20-10)
m-10 =2(10)

m -10 =20
m = 30
Mary is 30 years old now.
B.NUMBER PROBLEMS
Number problems, like age problems, are simple applications of number sentence
writing skills. The usual thing that they require is knowledge of spaces between
numbers (between consecutive numbers = 1, between even numbers = 2, etc.).
Here is a table of how to easily represent variables in number problems:
… in the word problem Representation in the A FEW TIPS!

number sentence
Sum of two consecutive x + (x+1)
numbers
Sum of three consecutive x + (x+1) + (x+2) Better to use (x-1)…
numbers OR because the sum cancels
(x-1) + x + (x+1) out the constant and leaves
you with 3x = … (this
leaves less room for
manipulation mistakes) just
remember that this way,
you get x as the middle
number in the sequence
NOT the first number in the
sequence
Sum of two even/odd x + (x+2)
numbers
Product of two consecutive x(x+1)
numbers
Product of two consecutive x(x+2) I prefer to use (x-1) (x+1).
numbers OR This way x = the even
(x-1) (x+1) number in between the two
odd numbers. This is easier
than using x(x+2) because
you will result to 2x – 1 =
something. Then you just
add 1 to both sides and get
the square root of both
sides rather than doing
factoring.

Examples:
The sum of two consecutive integers is 45. Find the numbers.
n + (n + 1) = 45
2n + 1 = 45
2n = 44
n = 22; so n+1 =23
The numbers are 22 and 23.
The sum of the first and third of three consecutive odd integers is 67 less than three
times the second integer. Find the three integers.
x + (x + 4) = 3(x + 2) – 67
2x + 4 = 3x + 6 – 67
67 + 4 – 6 = x
65 = x
x=65, x+2=67, x+4=69
The three numbers are 65, 67 and 69.
What positive consecutive odd numbers have a product of 35?
(x)(x + 2) = 35
x2 + 2x = 35
x2 + 2x – 35 = 0
(x + 7)(x – 5) = 0
x= 5 (rejecting -7 since the problem asks for positive odd)

x+2=7
The consecutive odd numbers are 5 and 7.
Let’s try the tip discussed above about using (x-1) and (x+1) instead of (x) and (x + 2).
(x-1)(x + 1) = 35
x2 - 1 = 35
x2 = 36
x = 6 (-6 is rejected)
x -1 = 5, x + 1 = 7
The numbers are 5 and 7.

When the smallest of three consecutive odd integers is added to four times the largest,
it produces a result 55 more than four times the middle integer. Find the numbers.
x + 4 (x + 4) = 55 + 4 (x + 2)
x + 4 x + 16 = 55 + 4x + 8
x = 47
x + 2 = 49
x + 4 = 51
The numbers are 47, 49 and 51.
Exercise 2
(Directions: You have 8 minutes to answer 5 items
1. Find the two consecutive odd numbers whose product is 575.
2. Mr. Blanco is 27 years older than Renz and 10 years from now
he will be twice as old as Renz. How old is each now?
3. Michael is 27 years old. The sum of the ages of Michael and

Roldan is 65. How old is Roldan?
4. Seven years ago, Claire’s age was half of the age she will be in
10 years. How old is she now?
5. The product of two even consecutive integers is 840. Find the

two integers.

C. RATIO AND PROPORTION
There are only two types: inverse proportion and direct proportion.
Direct proportion – the larger x gets, the larger y gets.
Example:
Shadows – the longer the object casting the shadow, the longer its shadow.
A 10-meter flagpole casts a shadow of 5 meters long. A 20-meter shadow will

cast a shadow 10 meters long.
Ratio of flagpoles = Ratio of shadows

f1:f2 = s1:s2
10: 20 = 5:10
Indirect proportion – the larger x gets, the smaller y gets.
Example:
Work – the more workers working on the same job, the shorter the time it takes
to finish the job.
Ten construction workers finish a house in 5 days. If 20 construction workers

build exactly the same house, it will take only 2.5 days.
Ratio of workers = Reciprocal of the Ratio of days (thus the name inverse
proportion)
w1:w2 = d2:d1
10: 20 = 2.5:5
Examples:
A flagpole 15 meters in height casts a shadow 3 meters long, how many meters
is the shadow of a 5 meter lamp post?
Number sentence:
This is a direct proportion so:

15x = 5(3)
15x = 15
x=
The shadow of the lamp post is 1 meter.
Five men can finish a printing job in three days. How many days can 7 men finish
the same job?
Number sentence:
This is an inverse proportion so:
3(5) = 7x
15 = 7x
x= days
It will take 7 men days to finish the printing job.
D. DISTANCE PROBLEMS
Distance problems use the distance formula (Distance = rate x time) given
different scenarios. Usually, exams ask for the time at which two moving objects
will meet, the time at which two accelerating objects will have the same speed,
the total distance travelled, and the difference of the distance travelled by two
objects moving at different speeds or started moving at different times. In
essence, this is just asking you to imagine a complex scenario using the simple
distance formula.
D.1 Different speeds, same starting time, opposite directions
Example:
Two bikes started from the same starting point, at 9am, traveling in opposite
directions at 20 and 30 kph respectively. At what time will they be 150 km apart?

D r t
Man 20t 20 t
Carriage 30t 30 t
Let t= number of hours after 9 am that the bikes will be 150 km apart
After t hours the distances D1 and D2 traveled by the two bikes are
D1 = 20t and D2 = 30t
After t hours the distance D separating the two bikes is given by

D = D1 + D2 = 20t + 30t = 50t
Distance D will be equal to 150 km when

D = 50t = 150
t = 3 hours.
9 am + 3 hours = 12 nn
The bikes will be 150 km apart by 12 noon.
D.2 Different speeds, different starting time, same direction
Example:
At 7am, a man began to run from point A at 10 kph. At 9am, a carriage started
running from the same point at 20 kph in the same direction as the man. At what
time will the carriage pass the man?
Let t=time elapsed from 7am that the carriage will pass the man
D r t
Man 10t 10 t
Carriage 30(t-2) 30 t-2
After t hours the distances D1 traveled by the man is D1 = 10t
The carriage starts at 9am and therefore would have travelled two hours less
than the man when it passes him. After (t - 2) hours, distance D2 traveled by car
B is given by D2 = 20(t-2)

When the carriage passes the man, they are at the same distance from point A
so D1 = D2 which is
10t = 30 (t-2)
10t = 30t – 60
60 = 20t
3=t
The carriage passes the man at 7am + 3 hours = 10am
D.3 Different speeds, same starting time, towards each other
Example:
Two lovebirds traveling to meet in the middle left from two nests that are 720
meters apart, at the same time. The strong-winged female flies at 45 meters per
minute while the male flies at 15 meters per minute .How many minutes after
they left their nests will they meet?
D r t
Female 45t 45 t
Male 16t 15 t
After t minutes, the two birds would have traveled distances D1 and D2 given by
D1 = 45t and D2 = 15t
After t minutes, the total distance D traveled by the two birds is given by
D = D1 + D2 = 45t + 15t = 60t
At total distance D, equal to 720 meters, the two birds will meet each other.
60t = 720
t = 12 minutes
It will take the two lovebirds 12 minutes to meet.
D.4 Different speeds, different time, one object
Example:
A bird left its nest for its hunting ground and flew at the rate of 15 kph for 2 hours.
It stopped to rest and flew for another 4 hours at the rate of 25 kph to reach its
hunting ground. How many miles was the nest from the hunting ground?
Total distance D traveled by the bird is
D = 15(2) + 25(4) = 130 km
The nest was 130 km apart from the hunting ground.
Rina and Chris wanted to be far apart. They left from the same point in a right
angle, Chris traveling east at 30 kph and Rina travelling south at 40 kph. In how
many hours will they be 225 km apart?
D r t
Chris 30t 30 t
Rina 40t 40 t
30t East
40t 225
South
The two cars are traveling in directions that are at right angle. Let x and y be the
distances traveled by the two cars in t hours. Hence
x = 30t and y =40t
Since the two directions are at right angle, the Pythagorean Theorem can be
used to find distance D (225) between the two cars as follows:

√( ) ( )
√
The two cars will 225 km apart in 4.5 hours
D.5 Different rate, same distance
Example:
Sophie traveled from Quezon City to Manila in 3 hours. At a rate that was 30 kph
faster than Sophie’s, Andres traveled the same distance in 2 hours. Find the
distance between the two cities.
D r t
Sophie 3x x 3
Andres 2(x+30) x+30 2
3x = 2(x+30)
3x = 2x +60
x = 60
D = 3x
D = 3(60)
D = 180
The distance between the two cities is 180.
D.6 Distance problems against and in the direction of a current.

The only complication of a distance problem with and against a current is that we
add or subtract the current’s speed to the given “on-calm-water”, “ground” speed,
etc.
Against the current, we subtract the current speed. Biking without wind, a plane
flies at 100 kph. Wind velocity is at 20 kph. So when the plane is flying against the
wind, it flies slower at the speed of:
= Ground speed – Wind speed

= 100 - 20
Flying in the same direction of the wind, the plan rides the current thus making it fly
faster at the speed of:
= Ground speed + Wind speed

= 100 + 20
Example:
Mariah’s luxury yacht travels through a river end-to-end for 3 hours with a current
of 5 kph and then returns against the current in 8 hours. What is the yacht’s speed
without the river current? How long is the river?
D r t
downstream d = 6(y + 5) y+5 6
upstream d = 8(y – 5) y–5 8
Distance upstream = distance upstream
6(y + 5) = 8(y – 5)
6y + 30 = 8y – 40
70 = 2b
b = 35
D = 6(35 + 5)
D = 6(40)
D = 240
The yacht’s speed without the river current is 35 kph. The river is 240 km long.

Airport A and B are 120 km apart. Plane 1 and 2 are identical planes flying at the
same speed. Plane 1 left airport A and plane 2 left airport B at the same time and
passed each other 2 hours later. A wind current blows from airport A to B at 10
kph. Find the ground speed of the two planes.
D r t
Plane going against d = 2(p - 10) p - 10 2
wind
Plane going the same d = 2(p + 10) p + 10 2
direction as wind
2(p – 10) + 2(p + 10) = 120

4p = 120
p = 30
The ground speed of the planes is 30 kph.
Exercise 3
(Directions: You have 5 minutes to answer 5 items
1. A motorboat can go 15 miles downstream in 30 minutes. It

takes 40 minutes for this boat to go back. Find the speed of
the current in miles per hour.
2. The ground speed of a boat is 30 mph. It takes the same time

for the boat to travel 5 miles upstream as it does to travel 10
miles downstream. What is the speed of the current?
3. Two cars left the same place and travelled in different

directions. If the first car travelled at 60 mph and the second
car travelled at 80 mph, in how many hours will they be
420miles apart?
4. Janet takes 2 hours to wash 4 kilos of dirty clothes, and

Glenda takes 3 hours to wash 5 kilos of dirty clothes. How long
will they take, working together, to wash 15 kilos of dirty
clothes?
5. If 10 men can finish a job in nine days, how many men would it
take to finish the job in 15 days?

E. WORK PROBLEMS
Work problems can also be treated like distance problems with one slight bit of nuance,
D becomes the amount of work (which is usually = 1) r becomes the part of the work
done per unit of time.
Example:
In a flowershop, it takes 3 hours for Kirsten make a flower arrangement. Julia can
do the same arrangement in 2 hours. If they work together, how long will it take
Kirsten and Julia to make an arrangement?
Kirsten’s rate of work: 1/3

Julia’s rate of work: 1/2
Work done by Kirsten alone: (1/3)t

Work done by Linda alone: (1/2)t
Working together: (1/3)t + (1/2)t = 1

6[(1/3)t + (1/2)t] = 6
2t + 3t = 6
t = 6/5
Working together, they will finish an arrangement in 6/5 hours.
A faucet fills a Jacuzzi in 30 minutes The drain can empty it in 45 minutes. How
long will it take to fill if both the faucet and the drain are left open?
= Work done per minute by faucet alone: 1/30

= Work done per minute by drain alone: -1/45 (drain works against the faucet)
= Total work done per minute together: (1/30) – (1/45) = 1/90
With both faucet and drain open, the Jacuzzi will be full in 90 minutes.
In a factory, Donna takes 1 hour to make 50 bracelets, and Criselle takes 3 hours
to make 60 bracelets. If they work together to make 350 bracelets, how long will
it take?

Here, the given is outputs per unit of time, not what part of the job is completed.
So,
Donna can do 50 bracelets per hour and Criselle can do 20 bracelets per hour
(60/3). Together, they can make 50 + 20 = 70 bracelets an hour.
It will take them 5 hours to make 350 bracelets.
Two workers are painting a house. Alone, the master carpenter can complete the
job in 2 hours, but his assistant takes 10 hours. They worked together for the first
hour, then master carpenter went home sick. How long will it take the assistant to
finish painting the rest of the house?
After the first hour, the part of the job left unfinished
Since the remaining work will be done by the assistant, to get t, which is
divide the part of the job for him to do by his rate, 1/10:
= 4 hours
The assistant will finish the rest of the job in 4 hours.
F. MIXTURE PROBLEMS
Problems involving mixtures are more complex problems involving fractions. It is made
easy by understanding the whole and the part and whether you are adding to the
dividend or the divisor.
Imagine a solution made of salt and water. Usually, the given is a solution of x% salt
then you either add water or salt to create a y% salt solution. In other instances, the
given are products which you will sell at together (like mixed nuts made of peanuts and
cashews, or different kinds of chocolate put in a bag, etc.).

Examples:
A fruit factory makes a mixture of mangoes and guava for a pie company. For
each batch, it adds 3.5 kilos of guavas costing P4.50 per kilo to mangoes costing
P6.75 per kilo. The resulting mixture costs P5.875 per kilo. How many kilos of
mangoes does the factory need for each batch?
3.5(4.5) + 6.75x = 5.875(3.5+x)

15.75 + 6.75x = 20.5625 + 5.875x
0.875x = 4.8125
x = 5.5 kilos
The factory needs 5.5 kilos of mangoes for each batch.
How many liters of a 70% salt solution must be added to 30 liters of a 20% salt
solution to produce a 50% salt solution?
liters of the % liters of alcohol

solution alcohol
Added: 70% sol’n x 0.7 0.7x
Old: 20% sol’n 30 0.2 (0.2)(30) = 6
New: 50% sol’n 50 + x 0.5 0.5(50 + x)
New = Old + Added

0.5 =
15 + 0.5 x = 6 + 0.7x
9 = 0.2x
x = 45
45 liters of the 70% solution needs to be added.
Maria is making fresh tortillas. How many kilos of flour that cost P30 per kilo must
she mix with 6 kilos of corn that costs P55 per kilo to make a tortilla mix that
costs P35?
kilos Price/kilo Cost

Flour x 30 30x
Corn 6 55 6(55)=330
Tortilla mix 6+x 35 35(x+6)

New = Old + Added
35(x+6) = 330 + 30x
35x + 210 = 330 + 30x
5x = 120
x = 24
Maria needs 24 kilos of flour.
G. SYMBOLS-AS-OPERATIONS PROBLEMS
Entrance exams here and abroad like throwing in a bit of a surprise like using weird
symbols that signify some mathematical relationship between numbers. There really is
not much to do but to stay confident because the symbol problems are easy after some
worked examples.
Examples:
( ( ) )
Evaluate 9 7 when 6 1 = .
( )
( ( ) )
( )
( )
Let the operation be defined by d =5c2 – 2d, for all integers c and d.
Evaluate 5 4.
( ) ( )

TIP:
For symbol problem like the two above, you just have to substitute variables into the
equation and evaluate using the PEMDAS rule.
Exercise 4
(Directions: You have 8 minutes to answer 10 items. Box your final answer.)
𝑀 𝐼 𝐶 𝑀 ∙ I ∙C 9
1. If = , what is ?
2. A building casts a shadow 25 meters while a 12 meter post cast 15

meters. How long is a building?
3. Sam walks 15 kilometers at an average of 2.5 kph and returns on a

bicycle at an average rate of 7.5 kph. How long does the entire trip take
him?
4. It takes 3 hours for a boat to travel 30 miles downstream in 2 hours. Find

the speed of the boat and the current.
5. John added four pints of pure alcohol to a 30% solution in water. If the
new concentration is 40% how many pints of the original solution were
there?

SECTION 10: POST-REVIEW TEST

Directions: You have 30 minutes to answer 20 items. Box your final answer.
( )( )
1. If x ♫ y♫ z = , what is -10 ♫ 2 ♫ 5?
2. Luckie and Roy are painting a tutorial center. Alone, Luckie can complete the job
in 2 hours, but Roy takes 10 hours. They worked together for the first hour,
Luckie left. How long will take Roy to finish painting the rest of the tutorial center?
3. Kevin is four times as old as his friend Ron. Ron is 6 years older than Jen. In 7
years, Kevin will be twice as old as Jen. How old is Ron now?
4. Sixty liters of fruit juice that contains 15% water is mixed with 120 liters of
another fruit juice. The resulting fruit juice is 40% water. Find the percent of water
in the 120 liters of fruit juice.
5. Paulo travelled 480 kilometers in 8 hours. What is his average speed?
6. Lance wrote three consecutive odd integers. Four times the smallest number is
greater by 64 than the sum of the other two. Find the three numbers.
7. Reggie and Charles left Mandaluyong and travelled in opposite directions.

Reggie’s speed average is 12 km per hour less than Charles’ speed. After 3
hours, they are 396 km apart. What is the average speed of each car?

8. Tricia, Lawrence and Nash share the cost of their projects. Tricia pays of the
cost, Lawrence pays and Nash pays the rest. What fraction of the cost does
Nash pay?
9. Twelve boys can finish painting a fence in 8 days. If there are fifteen boys, how
many days can they finish the same job?
10. Edu is 45 years old. He is 5 years older than five times his son’s age. Find
the age of his son.
11. Jimson’s father is 7 times older than Jimson and Jimson is thrice as old as his
sister, Jane. In five years time, the sum of their ages will be 81. How old is
Jimson now?
12. In an experiment, Jim needs to increase the concentration of a 15% acid solution
to 45%. If the original solution is 45 liters, how many liters of a 90% acid solution
does he need to add the original solution?
13. Tessie will be 32 years old five years from now. In 6 years, the sum of the ages
of Tessie and Cely will be. How old is Cely right now?
14. The product of three negative even integers is -504. What are the integers?

15. Two buses travelled the same road. The trip took the first bus 6 hours while the
second bus, 5 hours. If the second bus is 25 kph faster than the first, how fast is
each bus?
16. Jamela is 5 years more than twice the age of her sister. The age of her
sister is 4. Find the age of Jamela.
17. A tree casts a shadow 18 meters long while a 6 -meter pole casts a shadow
8 meters long. How tall is a tree?
18. The sum of three consecutive even integers is 72. What is the smallest
number?
19. 12 years from now Nancy will be 33 years old. The actual sum of the ages of
Nancy and Maricel is 56. How old is Maricel right now?
20. Andy and Rey, who live 18 miles apart, start at 1: 00 to walk toward each other at
same rate of 3 mph. In how many hours will they meet?


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UPCAT REVIEWER SUMMER 2013

EXCEL TUTORIALS www.excelreviews.com

SECTION 10: PRE-REVIEW TEST

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 1

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 2

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 3

m=2n, where n=21

Mariah is 42 years old.

Equation (2): b+5=3(s+5), substitute Eq.1 into Eq.2

m-10 = 2(c-10), where c=20

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 4

Mary is 30 years old now.

Here is a table of how to easily represent variables in number problems:

… in the word problem Representation in the A FEW TIPS!

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 5

The sum of two consecutive integers is 45. Find the numbers.

The numbers are 22 and 23.

x=65, x+2=67, x+4=69

The three numbers are 65, 67 and 69.

What positive consecutive odd numbers have a product of 35?

x= 5 (rejecting -7 since the problem asks for positive odd)

The consecutive odd numbers are 5 and 7.

The numbers are 5 and 7.

The numbers are 47, 49 and 51.

1. Find the two consecutive odd numbers whose product is 575.

3. Michael is 27 years old. The sum of the ages of Michael and

5. The product of two even consecutive integers is 840. Find the

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 7

Direct proportion – the larger x gets, the larger y gets.

A 10-meter flagpole casts a shadow of 5 meters long. A 20-meter shadow will

Ratio of flagpoles = Ratio of shadows

Indirect proportion – the larger x gets, the smaller y gets.

Ten construction workers finish a house in 5 days. If 20 construction workers

This is a direct proportion so:

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 8

The shadow of the lamp post is 1 meter.

This is an inverse proportion so:

It will take 7 men days to finish the printing job.

D.1 Different speeds, same starting time, opposite directions

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 9

After t hours the distance D separating the two bikes is given by

Distance D will be equal to 150 km when

The bikes will be 150 km apart by 12 noon.

D.2 Different speeds, different starting time, same direction

Carriage 30(t-2) 30 t-2

After t hours the distances D1 traveled by the man is D1 = 10t

Want more FREE UPCAT Reviewers and tips? Go to: Page 10

The carriage passes the man at 7am + 3 hours = 10am

D.3 Different speeds, same starting time, towards each other

It will take the two lovebirds 12 minutes to meet.

D.4 Different speeds, different time, one object

The nest was 130 km apart from the hunting ground.

x = 30t and y =40t

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The two cars will 225 km apart in 4.5 hours

D.5 Different rate, same distance

Andres 2(x+30) x+30 2

The distance between the two cities is 180.

D.6 Distance problems against and in the direction of a current.

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= Ground speed – Wind speed

= Ground speed + Wind speed

Distance upstream = distance upstream