Get the Gizmo ready:

Activity C:
 Select the Convex lens and turn on Show ruler.
Magnification  Move the candle to -15 and the focal point to -10.
 Adjust the height of the candle to 5.0 units.

Question: What determines the magnification of an image?

1. Measure: What are the current values of these variables?

do = __15 units__ f = ____10 units_____ di = ___30 units__

2. Measure: In addition to the variables you explored in the previous activity, you will now
investigate several others. Measure each of these variables and list their values below.

ho: Object height

hi: Image height

so: Object-focal point distance

si: Image-focal point distance

ho = ___5 units____ hi = __10 units___ so = __5 units__ si = __20 units__

Gather data: Use the values above to fill in the first row of the table. Then run your own
experiments to fill in the last three rows:

di hi f si
do f di ho hi so si
do ho so f
15 10 30 5 10 5 20 2 2 2 2
About About About About
25 10 16.5 6 4 15 6.5
2/3 2/3 2/3 2/3
30 20 15 10 5 10 10 2 2 2 2
20 10 20 2.5 2.5 10 10 1 1 1 1

3. Calculate: Calculate the given ratios to fill in the last four columns of the table.

4. Analyze: What do you notice about the four ratios? The four ratios all equal to the same
number.

(Activity C continued on next page)

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Activity C (continued from previous page)

5. Make a rule: The magnification of an image is equal to the ratio of the image height to the
object height. Using the ratios from the table on the previous page, write three equations
that could be used to calculate magnification:

hi di hi f hi
ho = do ho = so ho
si
= f

6. Practice: A candle is placed 4 cm in front of a convex lens. The image of the candle is
focused on a sheet of paper that is exactly 10 cm behind the lens.

What is the magnification of the image? __2.5 cm_____________

10 = hi/di and 4 = ho/do

Magnification = hi/ho
= 10 / 4
= 2.5

7. Practice: A 29-cm pencil is placed 35 cm in front of a convex lens and illuminated by a

spotlight. The focal point of the lens is 28 cm from the lens.

A. What is the height of the pencil’s image? 28 cm_______

B. How far from the lens will the image of the pencil be focused? __28 cm_______

Show your work:

Ho = 29cm A. Hi (height of the pencil) = F = 28cm

Do = 35cm B. Hi (Height of the pencil) = di (distance) = 28cm
F = 28 cm

8. Challenge: When the object is between the focal point and the lens, so is negative. What
other values must be negative for your equations to still work? Explain. (Hint: The distance
between the focal point and lens (f) is never negative unless the lens is concave.)

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2019