Get the Gizmo ready:

Activity B:
 Select the Convex lens.
Thin-lens
 Move the candle to -15 and the focal point to -10.
equation
 Turn off all line segments, and turn on Show ruler.

Question: How is the position of the image related to the position of the object and the
focal length of the lens?

1. Measure: In this activity, you will measure the relationships between several values:

do: Distance between object and lens

f: Distance between focal points and lens

di: Distance between image and lens

What are the current values of these variables?

(Note: If you like, use the ruler to measure di.)

do = 15_ f = _10_ di = __30___

2. Gather data: Use the ruler to measure di for each of the following values of do and f. For the
last three rows of the table, use your own values of do and f.

1 1 1
do f di
do di f
15 10 30 1/15 = 0.667 1/30 = 0.03 1/10 = 0.10
25 10 16 = 0.04 = 0.0625 =0.1
30 15 30 = 0.033 =0.033 = 0.066
32 10 15 = 0.31 = 0.069 = 0.1
21 10 19 = 0.48 = 0.52 = 0.1

3. Calculate: Find the reciprocal of each value and fill in the last three columns of the table.

1 1
4. Analyze: For each row of the table, find the sum of
do and
di .

__0.10__ ____0.1___ _0.66_ _ 0.1_ __0.1___

What do you notice? Adding both of the fraction together would equal to the reciprocal of f

(Activity B continued on next page)

2019
Activity B (continued from previous page)

1 1 1
5. Make a rule: Express the relationship between
d o , d i , and f as an equation.

1 1 1
f = do +
di ,

This equation is called the thin lens equation because it assumes a very thin lens. Errors are
introduced when a thicker lens is used.

6. Practice: A candle is placed 6 cm in front of a convex lens. The image of the candle is
focused on a sheet of paper that is exactly 12 cm behind the lens.

What is the focal length of the lens? _4 cm__

Show your work:

1 1 1
----------- + -------- = -------
6 (do) 12(di) 0.25 (f)

We want 1/f to become f/1 so that it becomes by itself through dividing 1/f. 1/0.25 equals 4.

7. Practice: A candle is placed in front of a convex lens with a focal length of 5 cm. The image
of the candle is focused on a sheet of paper that is exactly 15 cm behind the lens.

What is the distance from the candle to the lens? _7.5 cm_

Show your work:

1 1 1
----- - ----- = -------
5(f) 15 (di) 0.13333333333 (do)

We want for 1/do to become just do so we divide itself which equals to 7.50000000019 (7.5)

8. On your own: Use the Gizmo to determine if the thin-lens equation applies to a concave
lens. Report the results of your investigation below. (Hint: If the image is virtual, di and f are
negative.)

Yes, this equation will still work for concave images even if the results are negative because
there is still a do, di and f in a concave mirror so it is still valid. The results would become
positive so it still works.

2019