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CRD C39. Coefficient of Thermal Linear Expansion of Concrete
CRD C39. Coefficient of Thermal Linear Expansion of Concrete
1981) C 39
CRD-C 39-81
3. Procedure
3.1 General - Tests for coefficient of linear
where:
thermal expansion require careful control (± 2 F,
± 1.1 C) of the temperature of the specimen which C = coefficient of linear thermal expansion
is being tested for length change. Length determi- of the concrete 10-6/deg F (deg C),
nations shall be conducted only when the speci- R h = length reading at higher temperature,
mens are in thermal equilibrium. Tests shall be in. or mm,
made to determine the minimum heating and
R c = length reading at lower temperature,
cooling periods for attainment of equilibrium by
in. or mm,
specimens of any particular size and shape. The
1
period which shall be used will be 25 percent Tests using immersed specimens are reported in “Com-
parison of Methods of Test for Coefficient of Linear Thermal
greater than the minimum time to insure equilib- Expansion of Concrete,” WES MP 6-108, November 1954.
1
(Issued 1 Jun. 1981)
G = gage length between inserts, in. or and procedures used in the test
mm, and
5. Interpretation
T = difference in temperature of specimen 5.1 Powers and Brownyard2 discussed the
between the two length readings, deg effect of moisture content on volume change of
F or deg C. concrete during heating and cooling and stated
4.2 In cases where the length change has that “from the above, it follows that the thermal
been determined between only two temperatures, coefficient of a given sample of concrete is not a
a single value will be reported. Where readings of constant, unless the sample is completely dry or
length change have been made at various tempera- saturated.” Meyers’ showed that the thermal
tures, the report should include a curve from coefficients of concrete vary over a wide range
which any significant variation in coefficient may under different storage conditions as well as with
be determined. In such cases, the coefficients for the kind of concrete.
the several ranges in temperature shall be stated.
2
Powers, T. C. and Brownyard, T. L., “Studies of the Physical
4.3 The report should include the test results Properties of Hardened Portland Cement Paste,” Jour. Amer.
calculated as indicated above, adequate informa- Conc. Inst. Proc., Vol 43, 1947, p 988
3
Meyers, S. L., “Thermal Coefficient of Expansion of
tion to identify the specimens tested, and infor- Portland Cement,” Ind. and Engineering Chemistry, Vol 32,
mation on the moisture conditions, temperatures, August 1940, pp 1107-1112.