Normal nasal flora –The -1 •

Staphylococcus aureus •
Staphylococcus albus •
Pneumcoccus •
Micrococcus catarrhalis •
Streptococcus •
-:Nasal secretions include all the following except -2 •
water •
glycoprotein •
enzymes •
cells •
hormones •

: The nasal mucous blanket may contain all of the following except -3 •
lysozyme •
lactoferrin •
IgA •
IgG •
:IgE most common organism found •
What fungus is most commonly responsible for invasive fungal sinusitis -4 •
?in uncontrolled diabetics
Rhizopus oryzae(mucormycosis) •
Aspergillus fumigatus •
Aspergillus flavus •
Candida albicans •
Alternaria •

:Naso-lacrimal duct-5 •

Extend from the lower end of the lacrimal sac to the anterior part of the •
.middle meatus of the nose

.Lodged in the lacrimal groove behind the medial palpebral ligament •

.It is about 5 mm long, begins as a tiny hole called lacrimal punctum •

.Its lower end is partially closed medially by a fold of mucous membrane •

It can be seen bulging beneath the conjunctiva when the upper eyelid is •
.everted

: The uncinate process is part of the-6 •

 Sphenoid bone •

Temporal bone •

Ethmoid bone •

Frontal bone •

.Lacrimal bone •

?Regarding Haller Cell ONE of the following statements is correct -7 -

.A - It is considered as a supra-orbital ethmoid cell

.B - This is a sphenoid air-cell positioned posterior and medial to the ethmoid bulla

.C - It is closely related to sphenoid sinus ostium

.D - It is an ethmoid air-cell positioned anterior and medial to the ethmoid bulla

.E - It is an ethmoid air cell extended posteriorly into the sphenoid sinus

The following structures demarcate the posterior nasal aperture (Posterior -8 -8

?Choanae) EXEPT

.A - Nasal floor

.B - Nasal septum

.C - Lateral Pterigoid plate

.D - Medial Pterigoid plate

.E - Sphenoid sinus

?The Sphenopalatine foramen is formed by the following structures EXEPT -9-9

.A - Ethmoid process of the palatine bone

.B - Inferior turbinate bone

.C - Sphenoid process of palatine bone

.D - Sphenoid bone

.E - Palatine bone

All the following anatomical relationships of the posterior ethmoid cells are -10-10
?correct EXEPT

A - The basal lamella separates the posterior ethmoid from their anterior
.counterpart

B - The fovea ethmoidalis separates the posterior ethmoids from the anterior cranial
.fossa

.C - The cribriform plate forms the roof of the posterior ethmoid cells

.D - Lamina papyracea separates the posterior ethmoids from the orbit

.E - Superior meatus and superior turbinate lies medial to the posterior ethmoid cells

?ONE of the following statements is correct-11-11

.A - Lateral lamella is considered part of the frontal bone

.B - Lateral lamella thickness is about 0.02 mm in average

.C - Lateral lamella is considered part of the ethmoid bone

.D - Fovea ethmoidalis is considered part of the frontal bone

.E - The roof of the posterior ethmoids has a stepladder like appearance

All the following regarding the anterior ethmoid artery are correct EXEPT -12
.A - It is an orbital branch of the ophthalmic artery

.B - It exits the orbit trough the anterior ethmoid foramen

.C - It passes through the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate

.D - It is closely related to the lamina papyracea

.E - It passes into orbito-cranial canal in the roof of the ethmoid

:Greater superficial petrosal-n is formed of-13

A-Postganglionic sympathetic fibers

B-Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers

C-Preganglionic sympathetic fibers

D-Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

E-C+D

:Postganglionic fibers which form deep petrosal-n originate in 14

A-Thoracolumbar region

B-Thoracocervical region

C-Internal carotid plexus

D-Superior cervical ganglion

E-Inferior cervical ganglion

Answer

b.1

e.2

e.3
 a.4

d.5

6e

b.7

c.8

e.9

c.10

c.11

d.12

d.13

d.14

-: All of the followings are true about uncinate process except .52

.it is nearly sagittally oriented paralleling the ethmoid bulla •

.Its posterior margin is free as it has no bony attachments •
.Most commonly inserts on the lamina papyracea of the orbit •
.The hiatus semilunaris lies directly behind its posterior matgin •
It has bony attachment anterior and posterior to its attachment •
.to the inferior turbinate

-: Which is false regarding ethmoid bulla.53

it is one of the most constant and largest of the anterior ethmoid •

.air cells
It is located within the middle meatus directly anterior to the •
.uncinate process
. It is based on lamina papyracea •
.The anterior wall can extend to the skull base •
.Anatomic variations can occur in it •

-: Which is true about the frontal recess .54

 a- it is the most anterosuperior aspect of the anterior ethmoid
.sinus that forms the connection with the frontal sinus
.b- bounded laterally by the middle turbinate
.c- bounded medially by lamina papyracea
.d- bounded anteriorly by the ethmoid bulla
.e- never communicate with the suprabulbar recess
:Inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx takes origin from
Hyoid bone •
Mandible •
Maxilla •
Thyroid and cricoid cartilages •

:The pharyngeal pouch passes through

Superior constrictor muscle •
Killian dehiscence •
Middle constrictor muscle •
Hyoid bone •

:Regarding the development of the temporal bone, which of the following is True .1

.a.) The tympanic ring and squama are ossified in cartilage

.b.) The foramen of Huschke is a defect in the tympanic ring

c.) Ossification of the endosteal layer of the petromastoid may be defective,

.particularly in the vicinity of the fissula ante-fenestram

.d.) The facial nerve is well protected at birth by the mastoid process

e.) In the infant, the mastoid antrum lies below the tympanic cavity and about 5 mm
.deep to the bony surface

Regarding the neurovascular supply of the middle ear cleft, all of the following .2
:are true Except

.a.) The hypotympanum is supplied by the inferior tympanic artery

.b.) The internal carotid artery supplies the anterior mesotympanum

.c.) The postauricular artery supplies the mastoid air cells

.d.) Sensation is derived from the glossopharyngeal nerve

e.) Both the vagus and cochleovestibular nerves give a motor supply to middle ear
.muscles

:Regarding the blood supply of the labyrinth, all of the following are true except .3

a.) The internal audiotary artery divides into anterior vestibular and common
.cochlear branches

.b.) The cochlear artery ultimately forms the stria vascularis

c.) The spiral modiolar artery has rich anastomoses with terminal branches of the
.vestibulocochlear artery

.d.) The vestibulocochlear artery is a branch of the common cochlear artery

.e.) The labyrinthine artery is the principal arterial supply of the inner ear

All of the following are true regarding the course of the facial nerve through the .5
:temporal bone, Except

a.) The narrowest part of the fallopian canal is at the entrance from the internal
.audiotary meatus

.b.) The nerve normally lies deep to the short process of the incus

.c.) At the second genu, the nerve normally lies deep to the pyramidal process

d.) The anterior end of the digastric ridge is a useful landmark for the stylomastoid
.foramen

e.) The processus cochleariformis is a landmark for the geniculate ganglion, which
.lies superior to it

The muscle(s) responsible for Eustachian tube closure is

a.) Tensor vela palatini
b.) Salpingopharyngeal
c.) Levator vela palatine
d.) A and C
e.) None of the above
 : Innervation of the Cricothyroid muscle is by .18
a.) Efferent fibers from the recurrent laryngeal nerve
b.) Efferent fibers from the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve
c.) Efferent fibers from the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve
d.) General somatic efferent fibers in the vagus nerve
e.) General somatic efferent fibers in the phrenic nerve

The endocochlear potential is produced by the

a.) basilar membrane
b.) inner ear cells
c.) outer ear cells
d.) reticular lamina
e.) stria vascularis

?Which of the following statements regarding the hypoglossal nerve is false .3

.It emerges between the internal carotid artery and the internal jugular vein

.It is normally identified lateral to the origin of the occipital artery in a neck dissection

.It passes deep to the stylohyoid and posterior belly of the digastric muscles

.It innervates all the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

It innervates all the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

The facial recess provides access to the -4

.internal auditory canal •

.retrolabyrinthine air cells •

.epitympanic space •

.posterior mesotympanum •
.mastoid antrum •

The following is true of the Macewens triangle except

A triangle formed by the root of the zygomatic arch, the posterior wall of •
the bony external acoustic meatus, and an imaginary line connecting the
.extremities of the first two lines; used as a guide in mastoid operations
 It is a guideline for reaching the antrum •
It is located on the mastoid segment of the temporal bone •
The depth of the antrum from the surface of the triangle increases with •
growth of the skull
Spine of Henle is a useful landmark •

:The following facts about facial nerve are true except

After leaving the Pons the V11 nerve passes thru the CP angle •
The horizontal segment lies between the chochleariform process and the •
pyramidal eminence
At the geniculate ganglion the facial nerve runs vertically to form the •
mastoid segment and exits thru the stylomastoid foramen
The chorda tympani nerve arises from the vertical mastoid segment of •
the V11 nerve
It is both motor and sensory •

?Where does the sphenoid sinus lie in relation to the most posterior ethmoid cell .23
Inferior and medial •
Inferior and lateral •
Superior and medial •
Superior and lateral •
None of above •
Where is the natural ostium of sphenoid sinus in relation to the superior .24
?turbinate
Medial, and within millimeters of its inferior border •
Medial, and within millimeters of its superior border •
lateral, and within millimeters of its superior border •
lateral, and within millimeters of its inferior border •
none of above •
What is the normal angle of a line drawn from the nasal spine to the sphenoid .25
?ostium
degree 45 •
degree 30 •
degree 60 •
degree 70 •
degree 15 •
?Which ossicular component develops of membranous bone .26
Head and neck of malleus •
Body and short process of incus •
Long process of incus •
Stapes •
Anterior process of the malleus •
 What structure is located inferior to the subiculum and posteroinferior to the .27
?promontory
Round window •
Oval window •
Prominence of the facial canal •
Sinus tympani •
None of above •
?Which planes are the oval and round windows oriented in .28
Oval window is in the sagittal plane, round window is in the transverse •
plane
Oval window is in the transverse plane, round window is in the sagittal •
plane
Both are in the sagittal plane •
Both are in the transverse plane •
None of above •
?Where does most movement of stapes occur .29
Anterior – inferior portion of the footplate •
Posterior- inferior portion of footplate •
Posterior – superior portion of footplate •
Anterior – superior portion of footplate •
None of above

?Where is the cartilage growth center in the nasal septum .5

Perichondrium of anterior bony septum •

Maxillary crest •

Keystone area •

Nasal tip •

Bony dorsum •

Answer: A

?Which of these structures is part of the external nasal valve .6

Lateral crura •

Glabella •

Dorsum •

Middle turbinate •

Septum •

Answer: A
Which of the following three facial mimetic muscles make the exception
?and run deep to the course of the facial nerve

Zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor, and buccinator •

Buccinator, mentalis, and levator labii superioris •

Masseter, mentalis, and buccinator •

Levator anguli oris, mentalis, and buccinator •

Masseter, mentalis, and orbicularis oculi •

Answer: D

Which of the following is true regarding calyx endings in the vestibular

?/neuroepithelium

Innervate type I and type II hair cells •

Are equally distributed throughout the epithelium •

Are seen only on calyx afferent neurons •

Do not express calretinin •

Receive postsynaptic afferent input •

Answer: E

Which of the following branches of the facial nerve is most .15

?proximal

Branch to the digastric •

Chorda tympani •

Branch to platysma •

Greater superficial petrosal nerve •

Branch to the stapedius •

Answer: D

:The external auditory canal (EAC) develops from .16

 The first mesodermal branchial groove between the mandibular (I) •
hyoid (II) arches

The first ectodermal branchial groove between the mandibular (I) and •
hyoid (II) arches

The second pharyngeal pouch joining the first pharyngeal groove •

The second branchial groove joining the second pharyngeal pouch •

Entirely from the third ectodermal branchial groove •

Answer: B

Which statement is incorrect regarding otoacoustic emissions .25

?(OAEs)

.They are a comprehensive test of hearing •

.They reflect outer hair cell function •

.They are often normal in auditory neuropathy •

.They may be used to monitor ototoxicity •

.They can differentiate cochlear from retrocochlear pathology •

Answer: A

Which of the following statements regarding the anatomy of the .27

?vestibular system is true

The bilateral anterior semicircular canals respond to the same angular •

.rotations, but just 180 degrees out of phase

The saccular and anterior and lateral canal nerves run in the anterior •
.branch of the vestibular nerve

The cell bodies of vestibular afferent nerve fibers are located near the •
.genu of the seventh nerve

Vestibular afferent nerve fibers project to the vestibular nuclei, •

.cerebellar cortex, and cerebellar nuclei

The polarities of the hair cells in all of the semicircular canals are •
.arranged such that ampullofugal rotation is excitatory
 Answer: D

?Regarding the inner ear, which of the following is true .38

the semicircular canals provide the vestibular statoreceptors •

the neuroepithelium of the labyrinth connects with the nuclei of the •
external ocular muscles via the inferior colliculus
the cochlear nerve runs through the internal auditory meatus and the •
cerebellopontine angle to the pons
the saccule and utricle detect movement in the vertical and horizontal •
planes respectively
perilymph and endolymph are identical extracellular fluids •

Answer: C

The arytenoids adduction procedure mimics the action of which .42

?muscle

Cricothyroid •

Interarytenoid •

Thyroarytenoid •

Lateral cricoarytenoid •

Posterior cricoarytenoid •

Answer: D

:The medial wall of the paraglottic space is the .44

Thyroid ala •

Conus elasticus •

Aryepiglottic fold •

Broyle’s ligament •

Thyrohyoid membrane •

Answer: B

?All are the cell types found in olfactory epithelium except which one .45
 Sustentacular cell •

Bipolar receptor cell •

Microvillar cell •

Monopolar receptor cell •

Globose basal cell •

Answer: D

Which of the following is not a component of the primary olfactory •

?cortex
A. anterior olfactory nucleus
B. piriform cortex
C. orbitofrontal cortex
D. periamygdala cortex
E. entorhinal area

Answer C