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Social Structure and Spatial Order of Settlements

Penglipuran Traditional Villages in Kubu Sub-District, Bangli Regency, Bali
*I.M.A. Dharmadiatmika dan Naniek Kohdrata

Landscape Architecture Study Program of Agriculture Faculty,

Udayana University
*Corresponding author: dharmadiatmika@unud.ac.id

I. Introduction 3.3 The linkages of spaces in settlements which are tangible

as relationships between family members
I.1 Background
Field observation result shows that in one karang kerti most are inhabited by more than
Bali has traditional architecture (Bali age) which is still well preserved until now, such
one household. The use of space in karang kerti is carried out with agreement, strong
as Panglipuran Traditional Village. The spatial pattern found in Penglipuran Traditional
sense of kinship in respecting the older. This is reflected in the arrangement of the
Village is not only based on art, but there is another purpose behind the art, which is
building where the residential building located in hulu close to the traditional kitchen
to harmonize the lives of people in Penglipuran Village. The author wants to do
and bale sake enam, designated for the oldest boy. Furthermore, development outside
research on the settlement spatial order of the Penglipuran Village from the social
the main zone can be utilized by other boy.
aspect and its elements.
3.4 The linkages of spaces in settlements which are tangible
II. Research Methods as relationships between relatives (Clan)
The research method used is observation method with in-depth qualitative descriptive.
Metode analisis melalui langkah-langkah tabulasi data, reduksi data dan Close relationship based on family
pengelompokan data. values lead to the creation of
Connecting accsess
between neighbors relationships between karang kerti to
III. Results and Discussion another. Relation between one karang
kerti to another tangible as open
3.1 Physical conditions of the Penglipuran traditional village
accessibility (without a door) that
The land use of Penglipuran connects one to another. If you see
Traditional Village is divided into the access as a link between spaces in
Connecting
values of: Hulu (north) - Teben (south) accsess between
karang kerti, it has three accesses, they
with a linear patterned environment. neighbors are: the main gate on the village main
The land use can be described as road, access links between karang kerti
Settlement
Zone follows: to other and rear access that connects
• The northern part (Hulu), is a place residents with other reisdents (Figure 3).
Settlement
Settlement
with spiritual and religious facilities There is a temple dadia / palasari clan
developme
Zone
nt Zone to in Penglipuran Village like: Pura whose existence has existed since a
the west Penataran Temple/ bale agung, long time ago, this temple is jointly
Settlement and east
Puseh Temple, Rambut Sri Sedana C. Back access owned so that the creation of harmony in
B. Connecting
developme the Penglipuran village community
nt Zone to
Village Temple, Dukuh Temple, Empu A. Angkul-angkul accsess between
core
the west Nalwah Temple dan Empu Aji neighbors
and east Temple, Figure 3. Connecting spaces between families and neighbors
• The middle part, is a residential Source: personal data
SOUTH area with the buildings arranged in 3.5 Linkages of spaces in settlements with belief systems
a liner with a total of 76 of karang
kerti and, The placement of temples in Penglipuran
• one of karang memadu, southern Traditional Village follows the beliefs,
part (Teben),is the southernmost Numbak
history and rules of the village spatial
Figure 1. hulu – teben symbolic orientation and lowest zone, philosophically rurung Numbak pattern. There are two karang kosong or
rurung
map of penglipuran traditional village used as a grave or setra (Figure 1). land empty land in the village which is
land
Palasari believed to be a numbak rurung / land
3.2 Home yard and building layout patterns
Tample that is not suitable for housing. The
location of karang or land is located in
the orientation of mountain and sea symbols which is oriented to the north-south
the north and east of palasari temple.
direction or kaja - kelod in the macro order of penglipuran traditional village is
Local people believe that the location or
translated into a micro or residential house into a symbolic orientation of the sunrise
land in north of the temple and in front of
and sunset which is east - west or kangin – kauh (Figure 2).
the exit of the temple is a sacred land
and not suitable to be used as a place to
Core
Settlement live, thus this karang/land is an empty
Nista and Nista and
Figure 4. Karang Kosong yang dipercaya land that is only used for farming
Zone
develop develop

memberikan dampak negatif jika dibangun (Figure 4)

ment Madya Utama Madya Utama ment

A B C D untuk rumah tinggal

3.6 Conclusion
Core
Settlement Penglipuran Traditional Village is a village that has a very high social system ranging
Zone
from development, environment, culture to the formation of traditional customary rules
E E E F of conduct (awig-awig) which are formulated together. The social values that shape
the spatial order pattern of space in Penglipuran Traditional Village is influenced by
the belief system, history, economy activities, culture, and traditional customary rules
Note: of conduct (awig-awig). The pattern of space in the Penglipuran traditional village was
A : Sanggah (in the main zone designated as a sacred building) formed due to the strong influence of Hindu religion value, the increase of family
B : Bale Saka Enam building (in the middle zone as a building of traditional members, the close family value, the economic value, and the tourism income..
ceremonies in the family)
C : Kitchen (in the middle zone) IV. Thank You Note
D : Loji building (in the middle zone as a resting place) Thank you for the Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) who
E : Outbuilding (in the nista and development zones, i.e. bathrooms, parking, and support in funding of this research, the research team, and the society of Penglipuran
etc.) Traditional Village.
F : Teba (in the nista zone, as trash bin, field and cattle pen) V. Bibliography
Figure 2. Pattern and Utilization of home yard Acwin, Ngakan K. 2003. Perumahan dan Pemukiman Tradisional Bali. Jurnal Pemukiman “Natah”
Vol 1 no. 1 Fakultas Teknik Program Studi Arsitektur Universitas Udayana.
Anonim. (2011) Sosiologi. Sosiolgi universitas lampung. Lampung
The yard in Penglipuran Traditional Village from the beginning until now remains 77 Arimbawa, W dan K G Santhyasa. 2010. Persektif Ruang Sebagai Entitas Budaya Lokal. Prodi
pieces. One of them is called as karang memadu (a place of exclusion for those with Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota. FT Universitas Hindu Indonesia.
more than one wife) and the remaining 76 pieces are called Karang Kerti (a place of Brown, R. 1940. On Social Structure. The Journal of the royal anthropological institute of great
service / a place to live). Britain and Ireland. Vol. 70. No 1. PP. 1-12.