BIO103 – Loveless NAME ____________________________________________ Date _______________ Describe a STIMULUS/RESPONSE example you experienced recently.

example you experienced recently. You CAN’T USE answering your phone.

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Chapter 1 STIMULUS _______________________________________________________________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter for ALL the answers that are TRUE. THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER. RESPONSE ______________________________________________________________________________________

1. Organisms that CAN’T photosynthesize and must get their energy by eating other organisms are called _________ . EVOLUTION AND DIFFERENTIATION both have to do with “change in living things”. How are these two processes
A. mutants B. unicellular C. autotrophs D. heterotrophs E. homeostatic DIFFERENT?

2. __ reproduction produces offspring by combining the genetic information from 2 parents. A. asexual B. sexual _______________________________________________________________________________________________

3. An organism like a green plant that can make its own food is called a(n) _______. A. autotroph B. heterotroph _______________________________________________________________________________________________
4. The development of an embryonic stem cell into a nerve, muscle, skin, or blood cell is called __________.
A. homeostasis B. metabolism C. differentiation D. evolution E. stimulus A LITTLE CHEMISTRY Chapter 2-1 and 2-2
5. Humans are ________. A. multicellular B. unicellular C. heterotrophs D. autotrophs MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter for ALL the answers that are TRUE. THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER.

6. Growing a new plant by breaking off a piece of an existing plant & sprouting it, is an example of ___ reproduction. 1. The attraction between the hydrogen atom in one water molecule and the oxygen molecule in another is an
A. Sexual B. asexual example of a ____________________ bond.
A. polymer B. acidic C. hydrogen D. ionic
7. Shivering when you get too cold is an example of which two concepts you learned about? CIRCLE TWO (2)
A. evolution B. metabolism C. homeostasis D. differentiation E. stimulus-response 2. Which of the following is/are TRUE about water?
A. It is a good solvent because it dissolves many kinds of molecules.
MATCH THE VOCAB WORD FROM THE WORD BANK WITH ITS DEFINITION:
B. It helps in homeostasis because it doesn’t change temperature easily.
C. It is polar and forms hydrogen bonds that help water molecules stick together.
BIOLOGY HOMEOSTASIS ORGANISM STIMULUS METABOLISM DIFFERENTIATION EVOLUTION D. It makes up approximately 70% of all living things & is an important participant/product in many chemical
reactions.
8. A signal to which an organism responds _____________________________
3. ATOMS with an electric charge are called _______ A. molecules B. electrons C. polar D. ions
9. Another name for a living thing is ______________________
3. MOLECULES that have an uneven pattern of electric charge (more positive in one area; more negative in another)
10. The “science of life” that studies all living things is called _____________________ are said to be __________
A. nucleic B. polar C. non-polar D. ionic
11. The process by which organisms as a group change over time;
Process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms _______________________ 4. A water molecule is made up of ___________________________.
A. two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom C. one hydrogen atom and 3 carbon atoms
12. The process in which cells change as they grow and develop B. one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms D. two hydrogen atoms and 1 sodium ion
to become specialized with different functions _____________________________
5. ____ ions are measured with a pH scale and determine the acidity of a solution.
13. A set of chemical reactions through which an organism A. Na+ B. C C. K+ D. H+
builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes _____________________
LABEL THE FOLLOWING CHEMICAL REACTIONS: (DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS OR HYDROLYSIS)
14. Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment _______________________

LIST THE 8 CHARACTERISTICS of LIVING THINGS:

_______________________________________ _____________________________________

_______________________________________ _____________________________________

______________________________________ _____________________________________
______________________________________ __________________________________
_______________________________________ _____________________________________
MODIFIED TRUE or FALSE - Circle T if the statement is TRUE. Circle F if the statement is FALSE and use the blank 4. Lipids are different from other macromolecules because they ___________________
provided to correct the underlined word/phrase. A. are hydrophobic and don’t dissolve in water B. contain carbon, hydrogen & oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1
C. dissolve easily in water D. form large protein molecules
T F The slight attractions that develop between oppositely charged regions of nearby E. are hydrophilic
Molecules are called van Leuwenhoek forces. __________________________
T F Molecules that are really, really large are called micromolecules. ___________________ 5. Glycogen, cellulose, and starch are all ___.
A. proteins B. polysaccharides C. nucleic acids D. lipids E. phospholipids
T F Hydrophilic molecules are “water fearing” and try to stay away from water or other polar molecules.
______________________ 6. Which 2 kinds of molecules combine to form cell membranes?
A. nucleic acids and carbohydrates B. phospholipids and proteins
T F Reactants are written on the left hand side of the arrow in a chemical equation. _________________ C. carbohydrates and nucleic acids D. polysaccharides and RNA

T F Non-polar molecules are hydrophilic. _______________________ 7. Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil are all _____________________
A. amino acids used to make proteins B. carbohydrates used to make polysaccharides
MATCH THE DESCRIPTION WITH THE CORRECT LETTER FOR EACH C. lipids used to make phospholipids D. nitrogen bases used to make nucleotides
_______ positively charged
PARTICLE OR PARTICLES:
You can use them more than once! 8. Which part of a phospholipid molecule is NON-POLAR & HYDROPHOBIC?
_______ orbits the nucleus in energy levels
A. the lipid “tails” B. the glycerol/phosphate “head”
E for ELECTRON _______ uncharged or neutral
9. This molecule at left is a(n) ____________________________
P FOR PROTON A. nucleic acid B. amino acid
_______ negatively charged
C. phospholipid D. carbohydrate
N FOR NEUTRON _______ & ______ found in the nucleus
10. This molecule at right is ___________________
A. insulin B. hemoglobin
FILL IN THE CHARTS BELOW FOR ATOMS/IONS IMPORTANT TO LIVING THINGS: C. glucose D. a phospholipid
E. ATP
ATOM NAME SYMBOL IONS SYMBOL
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
CARBON CALCIUM ION MATCH THE MOLECULE WITH THE SUBUNIT THAT BUILDS IT:
N K+
11. ________ POLYSACCHARIDES
O Cl-
12. ________ NUCLEIC ACIDS
HYDROGEN SODIUM ION
P HYDROGEN ION 13. ________ PROTEINS

SULFUR A B C
TRUE or FALSE
Circle T if statement is TRUE. Circle F if statement in FALSE and use the blank provided to correct the underlined word/phrase.
BIOMOLECULES Chapter 2
T F The 20 different polysaccharides used to make proteins differ in what is attached in their
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter for ALL the answers that are TRUE. THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER.
R group position. _____________________
1. NO other kind of atom can form the number and variety of molecules that ___________________ can because it
can bond to 4 other atoms at the same time to make carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. T F Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide that makes plants sturdy. ___________________
A. hydrogen B. oxygen C. carbon D. sodium
T F One function of proteins is to provide insulation. __________________
2. A __________ is made up of a sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate group.
A. amino acid B. nucleotide C. phospholipid D. glycoprotein T F People with diabetes can’t make hemoglobin to control their blood sugar._______________________

3. Circle the nitrogen base found in DNA but NOT RNA is ____ Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil
Match the molecule with its description: LIPIDS CARBOHYDRATES PROTEINS NUCLEIC ACIDS THINK ABOUT IT?
Monosaccharides (simple sugars) all have the same 1C:2H:1O ratio. EX: Glucose = C6H12O6 and Ribose = C5H10O5
____________________________ made by joining amino acid subunits in long chains which provide a wide variety of DISSACHARIDES like lactose and sucrose vary a little from this ratio. EX: Sucrose = C12H22O11
functions in cells
Use what you learned about chemical reactions that join molecules and the numbers of sugar molecules found in
____________________________ made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio different kinds of carbohydrates to explain why disaccharides seem to have a “few atoms missing”.

____________________________ made from nucleotide subunits which store and carry information _______________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________ Hydrophobic fats, oils, waxes, & steroids made mainly from carbon and hydrogen _______________________________________________________________________________________________
atoms in long chains or multiple rings
______________________________________________________________________________________________
COMPARE: # of SUGARS it contains GIVE 2 EXAMPLES
KINDS OF CARBOHYDRATES COMPARE NUCLEIC ACIDS: DNA RNA

MONOSACCHARIDES Is it Single/double stranded?

Which Nitrogen bases does it contain?

DISACCHARIDES
Which nitrogen base is missing?

Which Sugar does it contain?

OLIGOSACCHARIDES

POLYSACCHARIDES Function(s)?

NAME THE MOLELCULE DESCRIBED BELOW:

MACROMOLECULES GIVE SOME FUNCTIONS OF EACH
Don’t just say what the molecule is; tell what it does! Protein hormone that tells animal cells to store blood glucose as glycogen
1.
CARBOHYDRATES
Double stranded nucleic acid made from nucleotides subunits containing A,
2.
T, G, and C that stores genetic info in cells
Protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body
1.
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Membrane protein with carbohydrates attached that helps cells identify
2.
“self” and plays a role in blood types, organ transplants, and germ
recognition
1.
Macromolecule with a polar glycerol/phosphate “head” and 2 non-polar
LIPIDS
hydrophobic “tails” used to make cell membranes
2.
Single stranded nucleic acid made from nucleotide subunits
containing A, U, C, and G which carries information from the DNA to the cell
1.
for protein synthesis
PROTEINS
Storage form of glucose used by plant cells
2.
Believe it or not there are even
more than these! 3. Storage form of glucose used by animal cells

4. Structural polysaccharide made from glucose subunits that makes plants

sturdy
5. Nucleotide subunit made from ribose sugar, adenine, and 3 phosphates
which stores and transports ENERGY in cells
Polar molecule made from 1 oxygen and 2 hydrogen atoms that is required
by all living things
ENZYMES 2-4
12. “Candy Corn” is a variety of sweet corn enjoyed by many people. These corn plants have been modified by
geneticists to produce corn that tastes sweeter than other varieties because Candy Corn cells lack an enzyme
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter for ALL the answers that are TRUE. THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER.
that other corn plants have. Use what you learned about macromolecules and how plants store their glucose for
later. What do you think is the function of this missing enzyme in corn plants?
1. Reactants in an enzyme catalyzed chemical reaction are called ___
A. polymers B. products C. substrates D. organics
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Most macromolecules that can act as enzymes are __. A. carbohydrates B. lipids C. nucleic acids D. proteins
__________________________________________________________________________
3. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by _______.
__________________________________________________________________________
A. decreasing the activation energy B. increasing the activation energy
C. making more hydrogen bonds D. changing the pH of the solution
__________________________________________________________________________
4. Proteins (like enzymes) unwind or _______ when placed in extreme pH or temperature conditions.
__________________________________________________________________________
A. desensitize B. polymerize C. depolarize D. denature
__________________________________________________________________________
5. Enzymes are ____ A. used up during chemical reactions B. unchanged during chemical reactions and reusable
1. Read the following scenario and answer the questions:
6. In an enzyme catalyzed reaction the substrate fits the _____________ like a “lock fits a key”.
A. active site B. products C. potential energy D. allosteric site Long ago, many people believed that
living things could come from nonliving
things. They thought that worms came
MATCH EACH COMPONENT IN THE ENZYME CATALYZED REACTION BELOW WITH ITS NAME BY WRITING THE LETTER from wood and that maggots came from
ON THE LINE PROVIDED. #7-11 decaying meat. This idea was called
_____ PRODUCTS spontaneous generation. In 1668, an
Italian biologist, Francesco Redi, did
_____ SUBSTRATE experiments to prove that maggots did
_____ ACTIVE SITE not come from meat. One of his
experiments is shown at right.
_____ ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX
_____ ENZYME Redi placed pieces of meat in several jars.
He divided the jars into two groups. He covered the first group of jars with fine cloth. He left the second group of jars
uncovered. Redi observed the jars for several days. He saw flies on the cloth of the covered jars, and he saw flies laying
8. Name two (2) environmental conditions that can cause proteins (enzymes) to change their shape. eggs on the meat in the uncovered jars. Maggots appeared only on the meat in the group of jars left uncovered.

_______________________________ _______________________________ a. What is the hypothesis being tested?

9. DNA polymerase is a molecule found in all cells. Judging by its name, do you think it is an enzyme? YES NO
HOW CAN YOU TELL? b. What is the independent and dependent variables in the experiment?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV = DV =

10. Judging by its name, what do you think DNA polymerase does? c. What are the controls (constant variables)?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. What would be a valid conclusion of Redi could make based on his experiment?
THINK ABOUT IT:

11. Many genetic diseases result from the production of enzymes that are not shaped correctly. How does changing in
2. Identify the independent (IV) and dependent (DV) variable for the following hypothesis
an enzyme’s shape cause it to work poorly or not at all?
Raising the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere will cause the polar ice caps to reduce in size.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
IV = ______________________________ DV = ______________________________
 B. A student is heating a test tube pointed towards another student over a Bunsen burner. The test tube
If the sugar amount increases then the candy bar will taste sweeter. explodes, sending shards of glass and chemicals towards a nearby student, who is finished their lab and is not
wearing their safety goggles.
IV = ______________________________ DV = ______________________________
a. What precautions could have prevented this accident?

The bar graph below shows the height of a plant at the end of each week for a 5- week growth period
a. What is the dependent variable? b. What should the students do next in this scenario?
7
6
Height
5
b. (hint: compare the growth for each week)
(cm)
4 During which weeks did the plant grow
3 the fastest?
2
1
0
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 c. Which weeks did it grow the slowest?

3. What SI unit would you use to measure the distance from Jasper, Alabama to Montgomery, Alabama?

4. What SI unit would you use to measure the amount of water in an eyedropper?

5. Convert the following:

A. 1200mL =__________L B. 0.098kg = ___________g C. 45.5cm = __________km

6. What property of the sample is being measured with the graduated cylinder?

7. What is the measurement shown by the graduated cylinder (include units)?

A B
9. Use the image above to answer the following question:
A graduated cylinder containing water is shown in diagram A, marbles are dropped into this cylinder and
the results are shown in diagram B. What is the volume of the water displaced (moved out of the way) by
the marbles?
8. Read the following scenarios and answer the questions:

A. A student is working hard on a chemistry lab experiment that uses a strong acid. Halfway through the lab, the
student gets hungry and starts eating a bag of chips. When the student licks their fingers, they start to have a
severe reaction.

a. What precautions could have been taken to prevent the accident from occurring?

b. What should the students do next in this scenario?