Small-Signal Transistor

Amplifiers
h Parameter Model
Conversion Formulas

H.A.S. KALHARA
sadeeshkalhara1@gmail.com
Conversion Formulas

CC parameters from CE parameters

FIGURE 1 - Circuit for obtaining CC parameters from CE

parameters

! !

h11 = vi1
1 v =0
2

hic = vibc
b vec =0

To satisfy the condition vce = 0 , place a short circuit across the output terminals.

using KVL we write,

vbc − hrevce = ibhie

vce = 0
∴vbc = ibhie
vbc
= hic = hie
ib
 h21 = ii2
1 v =0
2
! ie
h fc =
ib vec =0
using KCL we write,


ib + h feib +ie = 0
ie = − 1+ h = h
ib (fe fc )

v1
h12 =
v2
i1=0
vbc
hrc = = vbe + vec
vec i =0 vec i =0
b
b
ib = 0,vbe = hrevce = −hrevec
∴hrc =1− hre

h22 = vi2
2 i =0
1

hoc =
ie
vec i =0
b

ib = 0,
1
∴vec = ie ⋅
hoe
ie
=h =h
vec oc oe
CB parameters from CE parameters

FIGURE 2 - Circuit for obtaining CB parameters from CE

parameters

h11 = vi1
1 v =0
2

veb
hib =
ie v
cb =0

To satisfy the condition vcb = 0 , place a short circuit across the output terminals.
using KVL for input loop,

veb + hrevce = −ib hie

vce = −veb
veb ⋅ #$1− hre %& = −ib hie

using KVL for output loop,

h feib i
veb − =− c
hoe hoe
h "1− hre $% veb
veb hoe + fe # = −ic
hie
using KCL,

ie = − (ic + ib )
h fe "#1− hre $% veb veb "#1− hre $%
ie = vebhoe + +
hie hie
veb "#hoehie + (1+ h fe ) (1− hre )$%
ie =
hie
veb hie
= =h
ie "hoehie + (1+ h fe ) (1− hre )$ ib
# %

! i2
h21 =
i1 v =0
2

h fb =
ic
ie v
cb =0
" h fe (1− hre ) %
−$veb hoe + '
$# hie '&
h fb =
veb "#hoehie + (1+ h fe ) (1− hre )%&
hie
−h fe (1− hre ) − hiehoe
h fb =
(1+ h fe ) (1− hre ) + hoehie

v1
h12 =
v2
i1=0

veb
hrb =
vcb
ie=0

Leaving the input port open to satisfy the condition ie = 0,

and also note that, ib = −ic

using the KVL for input loop,

veb + hrevce = −hieib = hieic

but,
h i
vce = ic + fe c "#∵ib = −ic $%
hoe hoe
" hre h fehre $'
veb = ic &hie − −
&# hoe hoe '%

using the KVL for output loop,

h feib ! 1$
vcb + + hrevce = ic #hie + &
hoe " hoe %
h feic !i ih $ ! 1$
∴vcb − + hre # c + c fe & = ic #hie + &
hoe #" hoe hoe &% " hoe %
! 1 h fe hre hreh fe $&
∴vcb = ic #hie + + − −
#" hoe hoe hoe hoe &%

using derived formulas above,

veb
hrb =
vcb
ie=0
"
hre h fehre %'
ic $hie −
−
$# hoe hoe '&
hrb = "
1 h h h h %
ic $hie + + fe − re − re fe '
$# hoe hoe hoe hoe '&

hrb =
(
hiehoe − hre 1+ h fe )
( )
hoehie + 1+ h fe (1− hre )
 i2
h22 =
v2
i1=0

ic
hob =
vcb
ie=0
ic
hob =
" 1 h h h h %
ic $hie + + fe − re − re fe '
$# hoe hoe hoe hoe '&
hoe
hob =
( )
hoehie + 1+ h fe (1− hre )

summary of the h-parameter conversion equations

!
hie
hib =
( )
hoehie + 1+ h fe (1− hre )

hrb =
(
hiehoe − hre 1+ h fe )
CB
( )
hoehie + 1+ h fe (1− hre )
−h fe (1− hre ) − hiehoe
h fb =
(1+ h fe ) (1− hre ) + hoehie
hoe
hob =
( )
hoehie + 1+ h fe (1− hre )

hic = hie
hrc = 1− hre
CC
h fc = −(1+ h fe )
hoc = hoe
Approximate conversion formulas

conversion formulas derived above can be simplified substantially by neglecting terms that are very
small compared to other terms in the expression. For example, for CE configuration hre ≪ 1
and h fe +1 ≫ hiehoe hold, and also for CC hoc ≈ 0 and hrc ≈ 1 hold.

hie
hib =
1+ h fe
hiehoe
hrb = − hre
1+ h fe
CB
h fe
h fb = −
1+ h fe
hoe
hob =
1+ h fe

hic = hie
hrc = 1
CC
h fc = −(1+ h fe )
hoc = hoe

reference:
1)Electronics Devices and circuits - Theodore F.Bogart.
2)Electronics Devices and circuits - principles and applications - N.P. Deshpande