ADVANCED USE OF ENGLISH PAST FOUR

1. She passed her driving test in 1995.

DRIVING
She..............................................................1995

She HAS BEEN DRIVING # SINCE 1995

2. I urgently need to give Simon a message about where to meet Jane.

DELIVER
I have to ................................... ..................Simon about where to meet Jane.

I have to DELIVER AN URGENT MESSAGE # TO Simon about where to meet Jane.

3. Please hurry up and decide which film to watch.

MIND
I wish you would................................................... about which film to watch.

I wish you would MAKE UP # YOUR MIND about which film to watch.

4. I found it quite hard to get this place at university.

EASY
It has ....................................... get this place at university.

It has NOT BEEN EASY TO get this place at university.

5. I'd been worrying about the test, but it was easy.

EXPECTED
I..................................................................................... be so easy.

I HADN'T EXPECTED # THE TEST TO be so easy.

6. The police suspect that he killed his wife.

OF
He....................................................................................... his wife.

He IS SUSPECTED OF # KILLING / HAVING KILLED his wife.

7. Now that he's retired, he likes to go fishing a lot.
TAKEN
Since he retired he ......................................................................... a hobby.

Since he retired he HAS TAKEN UP # FISHING AS a hobby.

8. She's taking karate lessons, and kickboxing as well.

IS
Not only..................................................................., she's also doing kickboxing.

Not only IS SHE TAKING KARATE LESSONS, she's also doing kickboxing.

9. People sometimes criticise Mr Smith's teaching methods.

BE
Mr Smith........................................................................... his teaching methods.

Mr Smith CAN BE # CRITICISED FOR his teaching methods.

10. She learned how to dance the tango ten years ago.
ABLE
She.............................................................. the tango for ten years.

She HAS BEEN ABLE # TO DANCE the tango for ten years.

11. Although we've been friends for a long time, I don't always understand her.
HAVE
We ......................................................... a long time, but I don't always understand her.

We MIGHT HAVE BEEN # FRIENDS FOR a long time, but I don't always understand
her.

12. What are the chances of the film winning an Oscar?

likely
How __________________________________________will win an Oscar?

likely is it that the film

13. I don´t think you´ll find it hard to find Cynthia´s house.

difficulty
I don´t think _________________________________ finding Cynthia´s house.

you will have much difficulty

14. My brother Sam was very surprised to be offered the job.
came
The job offer __________________________________ my brother Sam.

came as a surprise to

15. I don´t mind where we decide to go for our family holiday this year.
difference
It doesn´t _____________________________________ where we decide to go for our
family holiday this year.

make any difference to me

16. Gaynor´s friends persuaded her not to get married in spring.

talked
It was Gaynor´s friends _____________________________getting married in spring.

who talked her out of

17. Why did nobody tell me that the match had been cancelled?
informed
Why _________________________________the cancellation of the match?

wasn’t I informed about

18. Cindy intends to complain about the service in that restaurant.

going
Cindy ____________________________________ about the service in that restaurant.

is going to make a complaint

19.
Could I borrow your umbrella this evening, please?
lend
Would _________________________________this evening, please?

you lend me your umbrella

20. She said she´d come round so I´m sure she´s on her way now.
must
She said she´d come round so _________________________on her way now.

she must be
21. What a pity he couldn´t come.
wish
I ___________________________________ come.

wish he had been able to

22. I managed to finish the preparations in time.

succeeded
I _______________________________ the preparations in time.

succeeded in finishing

23. It isn´t necessary to call him as he already knows about it.

have
You ________________________________ call him as he already knows about it.

don´t have to

24. When he spoke to me he agreed that I wasn´t responsible.

fault
When he spoke to me he agreed that __________________________ .

it wasn´t my fault

25. She didn´t want to join in with the singing.

take
She didn´t want _____________________________________the singing.

to take part in

26. Anya didn´t come to the dinner yesterday evening so perhaps she was ill.
must
Anya didn´t come to the dinner yesterday evening so _________________________ ill.

she must have been

27. She´ll probably end up marrying him!

chances
The ______________________________end up marrying him!

chances are she´ll

28. She waved until the train could not be seen any more.
sight
She waved until the train ______________________

was out of her sight

29. I regret speaking to him like that.

wish
I _________________________________to him like that.

wish I hadn´t spoken

30. I´m phoning because my son is too ill to talk to you.

behalf
I´m phoning _________________________my son, who is ill.

on behalf of

31. She isn´t in so I assume she went to the party.

must
She _______________________________ to the party.

must have gone

32. We need to know how genes determine behaviour.

role
We need to know what ____________________________behaviour.

role genes play in determining

33. Javier and I are completely different.

common
I __________________________________ Javier.

have nothing in common with

34. I had only just arrived when he insisted on going out again.
sooner
__________________________________ he insisted on going out again.

No sooner had I arrived than

35. She´s never been in greater need of a friend than now.
Hardly
__________________________________ in greater need of a friend.

Hardly has she ever been

36. They split up and then realized that they loved each other.
Only
__________________________________ did they realize that they loved each other.

Only when they split up

37.
She should get him to do more housework.
high
__________________________________ him to do more housework.

It´s high time she got

38. She said she wouldn´t fund my art course if I didn´t work harder.
threatened
She ________________________________ my art course if I didn´t work harder.

threatened not to fund

39. You didn´t tell me that the exhibition was finishing today!
neglected
You ________________________________ the exhibition was finishing today!

neglected telling me

40. They have decided they will publish the book this summer.
published
It has been decided _____________________________this summer.

that the book will be published

41. They said the principal was resigning in the summer.

be
The principal _________________________ in the summer.

was said to be resigning

42. People think that bilingual children were disadvantaged in the past.
thought
Bilingual children_______________________________in the past.

are thought to have been disadvantaged

45. I thought you wanted me to invite him.

impression
I was _____________________________you wanted me to invite him.

under the impression (that)

46. Nobody notices children who fail at school.

attention
No _________________________________ children who fail at school.

attention is paid to

47. Everybody should learn how to speak a second language.

taught
A second language ___________________________everybody.

should be taught to

48. I need a weekend away, so I booked something on the Internet.

did
I need a weekend away _______________________________ something on the
Internet.

so what I did was book

49. I object to hanging around in airports.

What
____________________________________ hanging around in airports.

What I object to is

50. I only got my money back after weeks of calling.

manage
Only after weeks of calling ______________________________ to get my money
back.

did I manage
51. A driver´s strike delayed our train.
due
Our train ____________________________ a driver´s strike.

was delayed due to

52. I resolved the problem by taking an extra suitcase.

take
____________________________________ an extra suitcase.

What I did was take

53. Fernanda refused to wear her sister's old dress.

not
Fernanda said that ___________________ her sister's old dress.

She would not wear

54. My grandfather had completely forgotten that he phoned me last night.

recollection
My grandfather didn't _______________________________ phoning me last night.

have any recollection (at all) of

55. If Marc hadn't taken up politics, he might have become a famous art historian.
name
If Marc hadn't taken up politics, he might have __________________________ himself
as an art historian.

made/gotten a name for

56. Delia said that she would no longer tolerate her colleagues being rude.
put
'I'm not willing ____________________ from my colleagues any longer,' said Delia.

to put up with (any) rudeness

57. This holiday is within our price range, provided we don't go to the expensive
restaurants in the tourist centre.
afford
We __________________________ as we avoid the expensive restaurants in the tourist
centre.

can afford this/the holiday as/so long

58. It's very unlikely that Martin will win the 100 metres, as he's out of training.
chance
Martin has almost _____________________ the 100 metres, as he's out of training.

no chance of winning

59. Nadia's friend arrived just as she was about to leave the restaurant.
point
Nadia was just ________________________ the restaurant when her friend arrived.

on the point of leaving

60. Paul wasn't able to leave the house all day because of the terrible weather.
impossible
The terrible weather __________________________ Paul to leave the house all day.

made it impossible for

61. She left her husband because he cheated on her.

REASON
______________________________ her husband was because he cheated on her.

The reason why she left

62. We stopped in an absolutely beautiful place for lunch.

WHERE
_______________________________ lunch was absolutely beautiful.

The place where we stopped for

63. A girl from my town won the silver medal.

IT
_____________________________ who won the silver medal.

It was a girl from my town

64. I like my Aunt Emily best of all my relatives.
PERSON
The ______________________________my relatives is my Aunt Emily.

person I like best of all

65. I first met Serena at a conference in Berlin.

TIME
__________________________was at a conference in Berlin.

The first time I met Serena

66. My grandmother was the most hardworking person I've ever known.
MORE
I've ______________________________________ than my grandmother.

never known a more hardworking person

67. Robin has not been back to his birthplace for over twenty years.
LAST
It is over twenty years ___________________________ to his birthplace.

since Robin last went back

68. A strike by check-staff led to all flights being delayed.

BECAUSE
There were ________________________ of a strike by check-in staff.

delays to all flights because

69. Everyone assumed that Dennis would sell the haunted house he inherited from his
uncle.
GRANTED
People ________________________ Dennis would sell the haunted house he inherited
from his uncle.

took it for granted that

70. You have to pierce the plastic film first and then you can put the tray in the
microwave oven.
BEFORE
The plastic film _____________________ the tray is placed in the microwave oven.

has to be pierced before

71. Everyone expects Maura to resign at the end of the month.

HAND
Maura is widely __________________________ at the end of the month.

expected to hand in her resignation

72. We missed the start of the concert because we arrived at the venue late.
BY
The concert _________________________ we arrived at the venue.

had started by the time

73. When she was at school, Sandra was fascinated by the idea of hypnotism.
USED
Sandra ______________________ of hypnotism fascinating when she was at school.

used to find the idea

74. I don't mind whether we go to the seaside or not this year.

DIFFERENCE
It doesn't ______________________ whether we go to the seaside or not this year.

make any difference to me

75. It's possible that the burglars got into the building by forcing open a fire exit.
GAINED
The burglars may _________________________ by forcing open a fire exit.

have gained access to the building