Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
10. ‘I’m afraid these jeans have a hole in them’, Tania told the shop assistant. THERE
4. NOUNS
2
25. I always trust Carla’s advice. SOMEBODY
Carla ____________________________________________ advice I always trust.
19
26. There were very few people at the concert last night. CAME
Hardly ____________________________________________ to the concert last
night. 22
7 – 8. INFINITIVE OR GERUND
27. We got to work late because we decided to drive rather than take the train.
INSTEAD
We got to work late because we decided to drive ________________________
____________________ the train. 1
28. In 2009 I went to Shanghai and I will never forget it. REMEMBER
I ____________________________________________ to Shanghai in 2009. 5
29. There was no point in staying at the party because my friends had left. WORTH
My friends had left the party so _________________________________________
there. 5
30. In the morning I have a twenty-minute walk to school. TAKES
In the morning ____________________________________________ to walk to
school. 7
31. I had trouble printing documents from the computer. DIFFICULT
I ____________________________________________ documents from the
computer. 10
32. I don’t know why Sarah left the party so suddenly. MADE
I don’t know ____________________________________________ the party so
suddenly. 13
33. ‘I’m sorry I behaved so badly,’ said George. APOLOGISED
George ____________________________________________ so badly. 14
34. There’s no chance of Jenny getting here on time. POSSIBLE
It won’t be ____________________________________________ here on time. 14
3
35. ‘We really don’t need to leave early’, said Elena POINT
‘There’s really ____________________________________________ early’, said
Elena. 14
36. The company decided to advertise he job in a national newspaper. PUT
The company decided to ____________________________________________ the
job in a national newspaper. 15
37. At the end of his speech, the winner thanked his parents. FINISHED
The winner ____________________________________________ his parents. 15
38. They received many letters of support after they had appeared on television.
FOLLOWING
They received many letters of support ____________________________________
____________ on television. 15
39. It was such a sunny day that none of us wanted to do any work. FELT
None of us ____________________________________________ any work
because it was such a sunny day. 17
40. Barbara couldn’t sing or dance. UNABLE
Besides ____________________________________________, Barbara couldn’t
dance either. 17
41. ‘I’d rather you didn’t use that mobile phone in here’, said the librarian. MIND
‘Would ____________________________________________ that mobile phone in
here?’ said the librarian. 18
42. Luke knocked over the old lady’s bicycle by accident. MEAN
Luke ____________________________________________ knock over the old
lady’s bicycle. 20
43. We didn’t enjoy our walk along the seafront because it was so windy. PREVENTED
The strong wind ____________________________________________ our walk
along the seafront. 20
44. It looks as if Susan has left her jacket behind. SEEMS
Susan ____________________________________________ her jacket behind. 20
45. ‘Peter, you’ve eaten all the ice cream!’ said his mother. ACCUSED
Peter’s mother ____________________________________________ all the ice
cream. 21
4
46. I don’t recommend hiring skis at this shop. ADVISABLE
It’s ____________________________________________ skis at this shop.
47. Naomi said that she would never talk to anyone else about the matter. DISCUSS
Naomi promised never ____________________________________________
anyone else. 22
6. COMPARISON
48. My brother doesn’t play tennis now as well as he used to. BETTER
My brother used to ____________________________________________ does
now. 3
49. I’ve never heard such a silly story! SILLIEST
That story is ____________________________________________ heard! 8
50. We hadn’t expected the weather to be so bad. WORSE
The weather ____________________________________________ expected. 10
2. PAST SIMPLE
5
1. PRESENT PERFECT
56. So far this year the cost of petrol has not increased. INCREASE
So far this year there ____________________________________________ in the
cost of petrol. 2
57. We have arranged everything for your trip to China. MADE
We have made ____________________________________________ your trip to
China. 6
58. I applied for the job a month ago. MONTH
It ____________________________________________ I applied for the job. 15
59. I’ve already planned my next holiday. ARRANGEMENTS
I’ve already ____________________________________________ my next holiday.
20
60. ‘This is the best hotel I’ve ever stayed in’, my colleague said. NEVER
‘I’ve ____________________________________________ hotel than this’, my
colleague said. 22
61. The last time I saw Tom was the day he got married in 1995. WEDDING
I haven’t ____________________________________________ day in 1995. 25
2. PAST PERFECT
62. Last Friday was the first time my car ever broke down, even though it is very old.
NEVER
Until last Friday, my car ____________________________________________
down, even though it is very old. 1
6
65. Simona last wrote to me seven months ago. HEARD
I ____________________________________________ Simona for seven months.
22
66. The number of car owners has risen over the past five years. RISE
Over the past five years, there ___________________________________________
in the number of car owners. 22
67. No one has ever stolen my car. HAD
I have ____________________________________________ stolen. 24
7
75. I’m sorry I went out last night. WISH
I ____________________________________________ out last night. 9
76. If you don’t work harder, you won’t pass the exam. UNLESS
You pass the exam ____________________________________________ work. 9
77. Sara knew that her brother had to leave by 5 o’clock. NECESSARY
Sara knew that ____________________________________________ her brother
to leave by 5 o’clock. 12
78. I wished I’d one more to help. HAVING
I regretted ____________________________________________ more to help. 12
79. I regret not contacting Brian when I was in Dublin. TOUCH
I wish that I ____________________________________________ Brian when I
was in Dublin. 13.
80. I arrived late because I missed the 10.30 train. TURNED
If I’d caught the 10.30 train, I ____________________________________________
time. 13
81. I prefer eating sandwiches to a cooked lunch. RATHER
I ____________________________________________ sandwiches than a cooked
lunch. 14
82. If Cheryl doesn’t train harder, she’ll never get into the swimming team. DOES
Cheryl will never get into the swimming team ______________________________
______________ more training. 15
83. John is interested in knowing more about astronomy. LIKE
John ____________________________________________ more about astronomy.
16
84. Because of the parade, we weren’t allowed to park in the High Street. LET
Because of the parade, the police wouldn’t ________________________________
____________ in the High Street. 16
85. ‘I’d rather you didn’t use that mobile phone in here’, said the librarian. MIND
‘Would ____________________________________________ that mobile phone in
here?’ said the librarian. 18
8
86. Tony regrets lying to his teacher. WISHES
Tony ____________________________________________ his teacher the truth.
18
87. Antonio only lost the 100-metre race because he fell. NOT
If Antonio had ____________________________________________ won the
100-metre race. 20
88. Jim fell off his bike because he wasn’t looking where he was going. PAYING
If Jim ____________________________________________ to where he was going,
he wouldn’t have fallen off his bike. 21
89. I am sorry that I did not go to the cinema with Mark. WISH
I ____________________________________________ to the cinema with Mark.
23
90. John only lost his way because he’d forgotten his map. LOST
If John hadn’t forgotten his map, ________________________________________
____________ his way. 25
91. Peter regretted selling his sports car so cheaply. WISHED
Peter ____________________________________________ his sports car for more
money. 25
PROBABILITY
92. Do you think it is likely that Peter will get the job he has applied for? CHANCE
Do you think that Peter has ____________________________________________
the job he has applied for? 4
93. There isn’t much chance of the weather improving today. LIKELY
The weather ____________________________________________ today. 5
94. The meeting probably won’t last more than a few minutes. UNLIKELY
The meeting ____________________________________________ on for more
than a few minutes. 8
95. Is that film likely to be shown on TV? CHANCE
Is there ____________________________________________ being shown on TV?
10
9
9. MODALS
96. The waiter carried the tray very carefully so that he wouldn’t spill any of the drinks.
AVOID
The waiter carried the tray very carefully so ________________________________
____________ any of the drinks. 2
97. I am trying to study, so would you mind not making that noise? RATHER
I am trying to study, so ____________________________________________ make
that noise. 7
98. They don’t let us use mobile phones in the library. ALLOWED
In the library, ____________________________________________ use mobile
phones. 10
99. I regret not contacting Brian when I was in Dublin. TOUCH
I wish that I ____________________________________________ Brian when I
was in Dublin. 13.
100. Claire was not allowed to stay out late when she lived at home with her
parents. LET
101. Claire’s parents ____________________________________________ stay out
late when she lived at home. 13 My elder sister likes to look after small children.
CARE
My elder sister enjoys ____________________________________________ small
children. 8
102. We got lost coming home from the leisure centre. WAY
We couldn’t ____________________________________________ from the leisure
centre. 19
103. We might not find it easy to book a seat at the last minute. COULD
It ____________________________________________ us to book a seat at the
last minute. 21
104. It was up to Melissa to decide where the family would go for their holiday.
TAKE
Melissa had ____________________________________________ about where
the family would go for their holiday. 25
10
9. PERFECT MODAL VERBS
11
116. Maybe Peter forgot that we changed the time of the meeting. MIGHT
Peter ____________________________________________ that we changed the
time of the meeting. 16
117. It was careless of you to leave without locking the door. OUGHT
You ____________________________________________ the door before you left.
17
118. It’s a pity we didn’t do more sport when I was at school. COULD
I wish that ____________________________________________ more sport when
I was at school. 19
119. It was wrong of you to borrow my jacket without asking. OUGHT
You ____________________________________________ before you borrowed
my jacket. 21
12. PASSIVE
122. Clothing companies are selling an increasing number of oods on the internet.
BOUGHT
An increasing number of goods __________________________________________
clothing companies on the internet. 3
123. ‘Well done for scoring twice, Mark,’ said the coach. PRAISED
Mark ____________________________________________ for scoring twice. 3
124. Everyone thinks that the band has split up. THOUGHT
The band ____________________________________________ up. 6
125. They think the jewel thief is planning another crime. THOUGHT
The jewel thief ____________________________________________ planning
another crime. 9
12
126. The rider of the stolen motorbike was a man aged about 25. RIDDEN
The stolen motorbike ____________________________________________ a man
aged about 25. 9
127. A well-known director is making a film of Jennifer Shaw’s latest novel BEING
A film of Jennifer Shaw’s latest novel _____________________________________
_____________ a well-known director. 10
128. They say the fashion model was discovered by her agent while working at a
restaurant. SAID
The fashion model is ____________________________________________
discovered by her agent while working at a restaurant. 11
129. A very friendly taxi driver drove us into town. DRIVEN
We ____________________________________________ a very friendly taxi
driver. 12
130. According to the report, the driver of the car was a policeman. BEING
According to the report, the ____________________________________________
by a policeman. 14
131. A very friendly taxi driver drove us into town. DRIVEN
We ____________________________________________ a very friendly taxi
driver. 18
132. They say the ice in Antarctica is getting thinner all the time. SAID
The ice in Antarctica ____________________________________________ getting
thinner all the time. 20
133. Mike’s father started the company that Mike now runs. SET
The company that Mike now runs ________________________________________
____________ his father. 22
134. The court convicted Charles of stealing the diamonds. FOUND
Charles ____________________________________________ stealing the
diamonds. 23
13
13. CAUSATIVE
140. ‘All your complaints will be investigated by my staff tomorrow,’ said the bank
manager. LOOK
141. ‘Do you know the cost of the trips?’ asked Pamela MUCH
Pamela asked if I knew ____________________________________________ were.
4
142. ‘Did you see that film on Friday night?’ Sean asked me. SEEN
Sean wanted to know ____________________________________________ that
film on Friday night. 6
14
143. ‘How are you feeling after your operation, Chloe?’ The doctor asked. SHE
The doctor asked ____________________________________________ after her
operation. 7
144. ‘Can you lend me some money, Marta?’ asked David. BORROW
David asked Marta____________________________________________ some
money. 9
145. ‘Don’t be late again, Jamie’, said the teacher. TOLD
The teacher ____________________________________________ late again. 10
146. ‘What’s the height of the mountain?’ Lee asked his father. HIGH
Lee asked his father ____________________________________________ was. 12
147. ‘Do you realise what the time is, Steve?’ asked Chris. WHAT
Chris asked Steve ____________________________________________ it was. 15
148. ‘Did you see that film on television on Saturday?’ Susan asked me SEEN
Susan wanted to know ____________________________________________ that
film on television on Saturday. 16
149. ‘Can I borrow your bicycle, Sara?’ asked Frank. LEND
Frank asked Sarah ____________________________________________ her
bicycle. 16
150. ‘Don’t sit in front of the computer for too long’, out teacher told us. WARNED
Our teacher ____________________________________________ in front of the
computer for too long. 19
151. ‘What is the width of this cupboard?’ Rebecca asked her sister. WIDE
Rebecca asked her sister ____________________________________________
was. 21
152. ‘Peter, you’ve eaten all the ice cream!’ said his mother. ACCUSED
Peter’s mother ____________________________________________ all the ice
cream. 21
153. ‘It was Pierre who left the door unlocked!’ said Mary. ACCUSED
Mary ____________________________________________ the door unlocked. 24
15
PHRASAL VERBS
154. Jack does not want to work for his uncle any longer. CARRY
John does not want to ____________________________________________ for
his uncle. 1
You are welcome to contact me if you need more information. TOUCH
Please feel free ____________________________________________ if you need
more information. 3
155. During the quiz, I could not think of the correct answer to the winning question.
COME
During the quiz, I was not ____________________________________________
the correct answer to the winning question. 4
156. The group continued to walk despite rain starting to fall. EVEN
The group carried ____________________________________________ started to
rain. 4
157. The climbers continued to go up the mountain even though it was snowing.
The climbers ____________________________________________ the mountain
even though it was snowing. 5
158. I’ve decided that in future I’m not going to eat chocolate. GIVE
I’ve decided that I’m going to ___________________________________________
chocolate. 5
159. I really don’t want to tidy my room tight now. FEEL
I really don’t ____________________________________________ my room right
now. 9
160. You should continue to study every day. CARRY
You should ____________________________________________ every day. 10
161. I’m afraid we don’t have any bread left. RUN
I’m afraid ____________________________________________ bread. 10
162. You must show your student card as you enter the library. REQUIRED
You ____________________________________________ student card as you
enter the library. 11
16
163. They will be selling tickets for the concert during the lunch hour. SALE
Tickets for the concert will ____________________________________________
during the lunch hour. 12
164. The manager had the respect of everyone in the office. UP
Everyone in the office ____________________________________________ the
manager. 12
165. Today’s meeting is postponed and it will be held next week. PUT
Today’s meeting has ____________________________________________ until
next week. 14
166. Mr Johnson continued to get up at 6.30 even after he retired. CARRIED
Mr Johnson ____________________________________________ at 6.30 even
after he retired. 14
167. The teacher postponed the theatre trip until the summer term. OFF
The theatre trip ____________________________________________ the teacher
until the summer term. 21
168. Kevin started playing golf when he was twelve. TOOK
Kevin ____________________________________________ the age of twelve. 24
169. Everyone said it had been my fault that we lost the match. BLAMED
Everyone ____________________________________________ fact that we lost
the match. 25
DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
170. Last year the heavy rain caused the postponement of the tennis tournament.
BECAUSE
Last year the tennis tournament _____________________________________
_______ so heavily.1
171. I wasn’t able to get to the airport on time because of the bad weather.
PREVENTED
17
The bad weather ____________________________________________ to the
airport on time. 2
172. Tickets for the concert cannot be bought before 12th May. SALE
Tickets for the concert will not __________________________________________
_______________ 12th May. 3
173. It was impossible for us to go to school because of the bus trike. PREVENTED
The bus trike ____________________________________________ to school. 7
174. Karen doesn’t like to play the piano as much as I do. KEEN
Karen ____________________________________________ playing the piano than
I am. 7
175. This time I didn’t manage to win first prize. SUCCEED
I didn’t ____________________________________________ first prize this time. 8
176. Please don’t leave the building because we might need to speak to you again.
CASE
Please don’t leave the building __________________________________________
to speak to you again. 10
177. Floods meant rescue workers could not get through to the village. PREVENTED
Rescue workers ____________________________________________ through to
the village by floods. 13
178. My aunt was determined to pay for our tickets. INSISTED
My aunt ____________________________________________ for our tickets. 18
179. The manager failed to persuade Karen to take the job. SUCCEED
The manager ____________________________________________ Karen to take
the job. 18
180. I found it difficult to follow the instructions. TROUBLE
I ____________________________________________ the instructions. 18
181. Mary didn’t find it difficult to pass her driving test. DIFFICULTY
Mary had ____________________________________________ her driving test. 19
182. He described the hotel to us in detail. DETAIL
He ____________________________________________ of the hotel. 19
18
183. ‘Peter, you’ve eaten all the ice cream!’ said his mother. ACCUSED
Peter’s mother ____________________________________________ all the ice
cream. 21
184. ‘It was Pierre who left the door unlocked!’ said Mary. ACCUSED
Mary ____________________________________________ the door unlocked. 24
CLAUSES
Time
Reason
189. As a result of the strong wind last night, several tiles came off the roof.
BECAUSE
Several files came off the roof ___________________________________________
so strong last night. 22
190. Sometimes tiredness causes the machine operators to make mistakes.
BECAUSE
Sometimes mistakes ____________________________________________ the
tiredness of the machine operators. 24
19
Purpose
191. Marcella left home very early because she wanted to be sure of catching the
train. ORDER
Marcela left home very early ____________________________________________
miss the train. 11
Result
192. It was such a sunny day that none of us wanted to do any work. FELT
None of us ____________________________________________ any work
because it was such a sunny day. 17
193. They missed the appointment because the train was late. RESULT
As a ____________________________________________ late, they missed the
appointment. 23
194. The party was so successful that most people didn’t want to go home. SUCH
The party was ____________________________________________ that most
people didn’t want to go home. 23
195. Although the main actor performed well, the critics didn’t like the play. GOOD
In spite ____________________________________________ by the main actor,
the critics didn’t like the play. 25
Contrast / Concession
196. In spite of the heavy snow, we managed to get home quickly. EVEN
We managed to get home quickly, _______________________________________
_____________ heavily. 6
197. We played tennis despite the cold weather. EVEN
We played tennis ____________________________________________ cold. 12
198. It was such a sunny day that none of us wanted to do any work. FELT
None of us ____________________________________________ any work
because it was such a sunny day. 17
20
199. They missed the appointment because the train was late. RESULT
As a ____________________________________________ late, they missed the
appointment. 23
200. The party was so successful that most people didn’t want to go home. SUCH
The party was ____________________________________________ that most
people didn’t want to go home. 23
201. Although the main actor performed well, the critics didn’t like the play. GOOD
In spite ____________________________________________ by the main actor,
the critics didn’t like the play. 25
202. I promised that I would think carefully about the job offer. GIVE
I promised ____________________________________________ the job offer. 4
203. I’m afraid you’re not old enough to travel abroad by yourself. OWN
You’re not old enough to travel abroad ___________________________________
______________, I’m afraid. 6
204. Amy asked what my reaction to her decision was. FELT
Amy asked ____________________________________________ her decision. 8
205. Jack found it difficult to control his skis on the steep slope. UNDER
Jack found it difficult to ____________________________________________ on
the steep slope. 11
206. In my opinion, these two kinds of music are completely different from each
other. COMPARISON
In my opinion, there is ____________________________________________ these
two kinds of music. 13
207. Dan never takes any notice of my advice. ATTENTION
Dan never ____________________________________________ my advice. 16
208. All the children enjoy themselves at this summer camp. FUN
Every ____________________________________________ at this summer camp.
16
21
209. George spent ages tidying up his room. TOOK
It ____________________________________________ up his room. 21
210. My uncle lives quite near the sea. AWAY
My uncle does ____________________________________________ from the sea.
25
22