A.

EXPLORACIÓN DE PRE SABERES

CONDITIONAL TYPE ZERO: It is used to express general truths and real facts. The structure is the
following:

IF+ SIMPLE PRESENT = (CAN) + PRESENT

 If it snows, the ground is slippery.

 If you cool water at 0°C, it freezes.
 If you water a cactus every day, it dies in a short time.
 A bee stings you, if you touch it with bare hands.
 You get purple, if you mix red and blue.

CONDITIONAL TYPE FIRST; These sentences express real conditions with the possibility to happen
and the structure is:

IF+ SIMPLE PRESENT = WILL+ verb Infinitive

° If it rains, I won't go to the park.

° If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
° If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
° She'll be late if the train is delayed.
° She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
° If I see her, I'll tell you.

CONDITIONAL TYPE SECOND : These sentences express something “unreal”. These situations are
called “unreal present”. The structure is based on the following characteristics:

IF + SIMPLE PAST = WOULD(not) + VERB(inf)

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I were in Brazil, I would go to Rio de Janeiro
If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that car
If he were in my place, he wouldn’t do this
If I had more money, I would buy a nice apartment
If she had more time, she would travel more often
If it were not raining, we could go out

B. SITUACIÓN PROBLEMA:

CONDITIONAL TYPE THIRD

They are used to speculate about conditions of the past that cannot be changed anymore. The
structure is based on the following:

IF + PAST PERFECT (HAD+PAST PARTIC) = WOULD HAVE+ PAST PARTIC

PPAPARTPPARTICIPLE

°If Charlie Chaplin had died in 1989, he would have been 100 years old
°John F. Kennedy wouldn’t have died in 1963 if he hadn’t gone to Dallas
°If Jane had come on her usual train, she would have seen her brother
°I would have phoned you if I hadn’t lost your phone number
°I wouldn’t have gone to the museum if I had known it was shut

ACTIVIDADES DE APLICACIÓN

1. COMPLETE THE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE III.

1. If the midfielders ___________________ the ball more exactly, our team ______________
more chances to attack.
A. Would have passed/had passed B. Would have had/ Had had
2. If the forwards _____________________ faster, they ____________________ more goals.
A. Would have run/ Had run B. Would have scored/ Had scored
3. Their motivation ___________________ if they____________ a goal during the first half.
A. Would have improved/ Had improved B. Would have kicked/ Had kicked
4. The fullbacks ____________________ one or the other goal if they _________________
their opponents.
A. Would have prevented/ Had prevented B. Would have marked/ Had marked
5. If the goalie______________________ up, he ___________________________ the ball.
A. Would have jumped/ Had jumped B. Would have caught/ Had caught
6. If the referee ___________________ the foul, he _____________________ a penalty kick
to our team.
A. Would have seen/ Had seen B. Would have awarded/ Had awarded
7. Our team _______________________ in better form if they __________________ harder
the weeks before.
A. Would have been/ Had been B. Would have trained/ Had trained
 8. The game ____________________ better if the trainer __________________________ a
substitute in during the second half.
A. Would have become/ Had become B. Would have sent/ Had sent
9. If it _______________________ a home game, our team __________________ the match.
A. Would have been/ Had been B. Would have won/ Had won
10. If our team _________________ the match, they ___________________ up in the league.
A. Would have won/ Had won B. Would have moved/ Had moved.

B. READ THIS STORY ABOUT ELLEN

In May 1992 Ellen lost her job in London. She didn’t have much money in the bank, so she
was very worried. She looked in the newspapers and she saw an advertisement for a job
as a translator from German into English. She didn’t speak German very well, so she didn’t
apply for it. In June, she heard about some teaching jobs abroad because a friend phoned
to tell her about them. She phoned the company, and they asked her to go for an interview
with the director. Ellen thought the interview went badly, but in fact the director was happy
with the interview and offered Ellen a job in Spain. However, Ellen couldn’t start at once
because she didn’t know any Spanish. She took a course to learn the language. She was
good at languages and she made rapid progress. So, by September she had a new job,
and she still had a little money left in the bank

C. WRITE SENTENCES USING THE WORDS IN BRACKETS ( )

1. If Ellen / have / a lot of money in the bank, she /not/be/so worried

___If Ellen had had a lot of money in the bank, she would not have been so worried __
2. If she /not/look/in the newspapers, she /not/see/the advertisement/
___If she had not looked in the newspapers, she would not have saw the advertisement__
3. If she /speak/German very well, she /apply for the job
__If she had spoken German very well, she would have applied for the job__
4. If her friend/not/phone, she /not/hear about the teaching jobs
__If her friend had not phoned, she would not have heard about the teaching jobs_

5. If she/not/contact the company, they/not/ask her to go for an interview

__If she had not contacted the company, they would not have asked her to go for an
interview _
6. If the interview/go badly, the director /not/offer/Ellen a job
_If the interview gone badly, the director would not have offered Ellen a job__
7. If Ellen /know/some Spanish, she /start at once
__If Ellen had known some Spanish, she would have started at once _

8. If she/not/be/good at languages, she /not/make/rapid progress

__If she had not been good at languages, she would not have made rapid progress___

D. USE THE INFORMATION IN BRACKETS ( ) TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

1. Sam didn’t get the job as a translator because he failed the exam
Sam would not have got the job as a translator if he had not passed the exam
2. Alan lost our phone number, so he didn’t phone us
If Alan had lost our phone number, he would not have called us
3. Sally broke her leg, so she didn’t go on holiday
If Sally had broken her leg, she would not gone on holiday
4. We didn’t make a cake because we forgot to buy some eggs.
We would not have made a cake if we had forgotten to buy some eggs

E. COMPLETE THE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (TYPE III) BY PUTTING THE VERBS INTO
THE CORRECT FORM.

1. If you had studied for the test, you would have passed it.

2. If you had asked me, I would have helped you.

3. If we had gone to the cinema, we would have saw my friend Jacob.

4. If you had spoken English, she would have understood

5. If they had listened to me, we would have been home earlier.

6. I would have written you a postcard if I had had your address.

7. If I had not broken my leg, I would have taken part in the contest.

8. If it had not started to rain, we would have walked to the museum.

9. We would have swum in the sea if there had not been so many sharks there.

10. If she had taken the bus, she would not have arrived on time.