Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris 2

Hari/ Tanggal: Sabtu/ 15 Agustus 2020

Waktu : 90 Menit
Kelas : 2 SM
Dosen : Drs. M. Nadjmuddin, M.A.

I. Match the following tools and their descriptions (12 points).

Example: 1 A
No. 1 has been done for you.
Tool Description
A. mortar pan is commonly used in construction sites and
is made of iron or plastic it is a vessel made of rigid
plastic or steel used to hold or carry sand cement mortar
and concrete it is also used to mix mortar and to lift
1A mortar on working site to use a mortar pan fill it with a
quantity of material that is sand cement mortar etc that
you are comfortable was carrying
B. Concrete mixer is machine which mixes the
ingredients water fine aggregate coarse aggregate and
cement to deliver the perfectly mixed concrete

2E
C. Trowel it is made up of steel wooden plastic handle is
provided for holding the ends Trowell maybe bull-nosed
or pointed this is used to lift and spread mortar in joints
during masonry construction there are different kinds and
sizes of trowels used in masonry work
3D
1.D. hoe is used to excavate the soil but in this case the metal
plate is provided with acute angle to the wooden handle

4 G
1.E. wheel barrow is used to transport bulk weights of
materials like cement sand concrete mix etc it contains one
or two wheels at its front and two handles at its back which
are used to push the wheelbarrow
5F
1.F. Sledge hammer is used when the ground is hard and
contains rock layers a large weighted metal head is
provided at the wooden handle with which hard layers can
be cracked which makes easy for digging

6B
1.G, digging bar digging bar is solid metal rod with pin shape
at the bottom it is also used to dig the hard surfaces of
ground for concrete
1.

7H

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 1.H. plumb bob is used to check the verticality of structures it
contains a solid metal bob connected to the end of a thread
it is also used in surveying to level the instrument position
the fine aggregate used in concrete should not contain
impurities or coarse particles
8C
1.I……….. is used to cut the wood boards frames etc that is
used when accurate cutting is required in less time

9J
J. float is made of wood which is used to smooth in the
plastered concrete surface it contains handle on its top and
smooth wooden surface on its bottom

10
K
K. the sand screen machine is used to screen the sand or
fine aggregate before mixing it with concrete this
screen is also used for screening fine sand for
plastering work

11I

Monolithic construction is probably the oldest variety where people simply built out of
carving rock. Caves are the earliest example of home by simply drilling and knocking things
down and making a space for yourself inside, so just to create a safe space for yourself right.
Later on, people realized that they had to work with smaller blocks of materials, so that they can
actually construct in a lot more grander fashion, because you can only do So much as far as
monolithic construction is concerned, you cannot really go beyond a certain scale. So, then they
started looking at smaller blocks assembling these blocks in various types of shapes and sizes
and that is what we call as masonry.
Of course, along the same time wood was also quite highly prevalent in areas where
wood was available good quality wood for construction was available. And wood as a
construction material probably dates back to as long as masonry is being used.
Later on, we entered the era of concrete where people started realizing that you can
actually optimize further the combinations of different types of materials to give you certain very
interesting characteristics right. For example, in the fresh state concrete is flowable which makes
it possible to cast it in different types of shapes, which is not possible with masonry all the time,
which is not possible with monolithic construction also.
From concrete, we entered the era of reinforced concrete and steel, with more and more
steel being utilize in our buildings we started realize in that we can actually do things to
buildings which we could not envisage with either masonry or concrete. Primarily because we
are utilizing the property of steel of its high strength and ductility and with that we could actually
start optimizing the usage of materials and build structures that were a lot more cost effective,
could take a lot more load and could perform exceedingly well in disaster such as earthquakes.
And then moving on from there we are encountering today several examples of
composite construction and in the long term we are looking forward to the use of smart materials
and sensing materials that can actually govern the performance of the structure as we live in it
and adapt the environment to suit the needs of the inhabitant. So, these are smart material the
structures probably the way to go forward in the future. But a bulk of our building constructions
stock will still be in concrete and steel and that is what we are primarily using today as a
construction material in many parts of the world.

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 II. Answer each of following question in not more than two sentences. (12 points)
1. How did people build a home in the era of monolithic?
 Because they live in caves, so the shelter can be built by simply drilling
and tearing down things and making space for yourself in them. So it's just
to create a safe space for yourself.
2. What is masonry?
 Masonry is a small blocks that assembled in various shapes and sizes.
3. Why did the people use wood for building construction?
 Because wood is found in many areas. Wood also has a strong structure,
and we know that a strong structure is very important in a construction.
4. Why did the people use concrete materials for building construction?
 Because concrete has a binding and stong structure and in the fresh state
concrete also flowded so it can make various shapes and sizes.
5. What is reinforced concrete?
 Cement.
6. According to the text, what are the smart building materials?
 Smart building materials are the ones that can actually regulate the
performance of a structure when we live in it and adapt the environment to
suit the needs of its occupants.

III.Match the following words to the description and write sentences using the words (32
points)
Example: 1= b. An automatic car can be operated without manual operation.

Words Descriptions
1. automatic a. not working correctly
ADJECTIVE b. machine or process works by itself rather
2. clean than being operated  by people
 ADJECTIVE c. machine, or invention is unusual but good and effective
3. clever d. equipment or systems are available for use if
 ADJECTIVE
the main one fails
4. clockwork
NOUN
e. machines and processes do not create a lot of pollution
5. broken f.  likely to stop working at any time
ADJECTIVE g. operated by a set of springs that work when
6. cranky you turn a handle or key
ADJECTIVE h. works without being connected to the electricity supply
7. auxiliary i. having been fractured or damaged and no longer in one piece
8. cordless or in working order.
9. out of order

IV. Read the

following text and answer the questions (35 points)
As for all materials, the performance of concrete is determined by its microstructure. Its microstructure is
determined by its composition, its curing conditions, and also by the mixing method and mixer conditions
used to process the concrete. There are two main types of mixers used: batch mixers and continuous
mixers. Batch mixers are the most common. To determine the mixing method best suited for a specific
application, factors to be considered include: location of the construction site (distance from the batching
plant), the amount of concrete needed, the construction schedule (volume of concrete needed per hour),
and the cost. Ultimately, the quality of the concrete produced determines its performance after placement.

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An important measure of the quality is the homogeneity of the material after mixing. This paper will
review mixing methods in regards to the quality of the concrete produced. Some procedures used to
determine the effectiveness of the mixing will be examined.
Batch Mixers
Two main types of batch mixer can be distinguished by the orientation of the axis of rotation: horizontal
or inclined (drum mixers) or vertical (pan mixers). The drum mixers have a drum, with fixed blades,
rotating around its axis, while the pan mixers may have either the blades or the pan rotating around the
axis.
Drum Mixers
All the drum mixers have a container with a cross section. The blades are attached to the inside of the
movable drum. Their main purpose is to lift the materials as the drum rotates. In each rotation, the lifted
material drops back into the mixer at the bottom of the drum and the cycle starts again. Parameters that
can be controlled are the rotation speed of the drum and, in certain mixers, the angle of inclination of the
rotation axis. There are three main types of drum mixers: • non-tilting drum; • reversing drum; • tilting
drum. The non-tilting drum mixer implies that the orientation of the drum is fixed. The materials are
added at one end and discharged at the other. The reversing drum (Fig. 2) is similar to the non-tilting
mixer except that the same opening is used to add the constituents and to discharge concrete. The drum
rotates in one direction for mixing and in the opposite direction for discharging the concrete.

There are two types of blades attached to the inner walls of the drum. One set drags the concrete
upwards and toward the center of the mixer when the drum rotates in one direction; the second set of
blades pushes the concrete toward the opening when the drum rotates in the other direction. The blades
have a spiral arrangement to obtain the desired effect for discharge and mixing. Reversing drum mixers
are usually used for batches up to 1 m3 [1]. The truck mixers belong to the reversing category of drum
mixers. The driver of the truck can control the speed of rotation with a clutch in the cabin. The speed
depends on whether the concrete has been well mixed prior to being placed in the truck or whether the
truck has to do most of the mixing. Typically the speed for mixing is 1.57 rad/s (15 rpm), while the
transport of pre-mixed concrete uses only 0.2 rad/s (2 rpm) to 0.6 rad/s (6 rpm) [1].

V. Answer the following questions (9 points)

1. Describe briefly some determinant factors that affect the performance of concrete.
2. Explain two main types of mixture
3. How is the mixture quality measured?
4. Describe the different working processes of the two different mixtures
5. What does the first type of mixer produce?
6. How does the tool process the concrete mixture?
7. What is the title of the passage
8. Where can you find this article? a. magazine b. research journal, c. bulletin, d. bulletin