Ministry of High and Burkina Faso

Secondary Education Unity-Progress-Justice

University of Joseph KI-ZERBO
UFR/SDS-D1
School year: 2019-2020

ENGLISH REPORT

Topic: THE URINARY SYSTEM

Teacher: Mr. DONDASSE

Group 59
ZONGO Yasser E S ZONON Hamadé

ZORE Inoussa ZOUBOUGA Thomas

ZOUNGRANA A Martin ZOUNGRANA Abdoul Aziz

 Plan

Introduction
I. Kidneys
II. Ureters
III. Bladder
Conclusion

Introduction

The urinary system, also known as the renal system or urinary tract, consist of :
the kidneys (02), ureters (02), bladder (01) and the urethra (01). The mains
functions of urinary system are : eliminate waste from the body, regulate
blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and
metabolites, and regulate blood pH

I-Kidneys
Kidneys are located retroperitoneally (behind the peritoneum) with one on
each side of the vertebral column below the diaphragm. The kidney creates
balance in the amount of water and electrolytes in the body’s circulatory
system, removes waste products (including drugs) from the body, controls
blood pressure through the release of hormones (RAAS), regulates red blood
cell production and subsequent tissue oxygenation levels (erythropoietin), and
increases bone mass through calcium and phosphorus regulation.

Homeostasis is an automated mechanism whereby concentrations of

chemicals and fluids within the biological systems of an organism are
stabilized. Kidneys contribute vastly to homeostasis, maintaining extracellular
fluid volumes, acidity and alkalinity (pH), osmotic concentrations
(concentration of solute molecules in a solution), and excreting potentially
harmful products or excess molecules which can upset natural homeostasis.
 II-Ureters
The ureters are two narrow tubes. Each about 10 to 12 inches long. Each
ureter carries urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.
The hollow areas are narrow, ureters can become blocked by debris such as
salt crystals which have stuck together to create urinary stones. Complete
blockage in one tube causes high pressures and urine buildup in its attached
kidney and requires emergency surgery before permanent damage is done.
Alternatively, reflux or the return of urine back into the ureters can cause
infection and dangerously high pressures within the kidneys.

III-Bladder
The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ that is a reservoir for urine. The
physiological capacity of the urinary bladder is 300 milliliters and anatomical
maximal capacity is two liters.
The urinary bladder is located in the anterior portion of the pelvic cavity
behind the pubic symphysis. The flow of urine from the bladder to the urethra
is controlled by sphincters.

Concluion

The urinary system is usually studies with genital organs. It is susceptible to a

variety of infections and other problems, including blockages and injuries.
These can be treated by a urologist or another health care professional who
specializes in renal system.