LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

LAS_Q2_MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY_GRADE 12_Week 4, 5 & 6

Name: _______________________________ Grade & Section: ______________

School: ______________________________ District: ______________________

Dimensions of Information & Media

(Text, Visual, Audio)

COMPETENCY: Describe the different dimension of text information and media

(MIL11/12TIM-IVb-4)
Describe the different dimensions of visual information and
media. (MIL-11/12VIM-IVc-7)
Describe the different dimension of audio information and
media.

OBJECTIVES:
 Identify the different typeface of the given word.
 Create a word cloud using the given words.
 Give the differences of the original picture and the edited picture.
 Make and audio collage using the different sound effects.
 appreciate the importance of color in an image.

Activities

a. KEY CONCEPTS/DISCUSSION

TEXT MEDIA
Text refers to a simple and flexible format of presenting information or conveying ideas whether
hand-written, printed, or displayed on-screen. It is available in different sources whether formal or
informal. Formal text-based are created and distributed by established institutions and go through
a rigorous process of editing or evaluation. Informal text-based on the other hand, come from
personal opinions or views on different issues.

Text media are publications that disseminate information through media products such as
newspapers, flyers, books, magazines, tarpaulins, advertisements, television, banners, websites,
and posters. Furthermore, design elements and principles in text media are effective means of
conveying a message. These design principles and elements are as follows:

Emphasis refers to the importance or value given to a part of the text-based content.
Appropriateness refers to how fitting or suitable the text is used for a specific audience,
purpose, or event.
Proximity refers to how near or how far are the text elements from each other.

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 Alignment refers to how the text is positioned on the page. This can be left, right,
center or justified.
Organization refers to a conscious effort to organize the different text elements on a
page.
Repetition concerns consistency of elements and the unity of the entire design.
Contrast creates visual interest to text elements. Contrast is achieved when two
elements are different from each other.

Text as visual
a. Typeface (also called font, font type, or type) refers to the representation or style of a text in the
digital format.
b. A typeface is usually comprised of alphabets, numbers, punctuation marks, symbols and other
special characters. When fonts are installed in the computer, they usually come in file formats such
as True Type Font
c. In the absence of images or drawings, the text is the easiest way of communicating to your
audience. The use of various font types can express different emotions or meanings.

Types of Typefaces:
Serif

Sans Serif

Slab Serif

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 Script

Decorative

- Texts are kept in different file formats. A file format refers to the digital document or
information that is stored in a computer as a sequence of bits and bytes.
-
Common File Formats
TXT (text)  Unformatted text document created by an editor such as Notepad on
Windows platform.
DOC (document)  A native format for storing documents created by MS Word package
 Contains a rich set of formatting capabilities
RTF (Rich Text  Cross platform document exchange; default format for Mac OS X’s
Format) default editor TextEdit
 WordPad editor earlier created RTF files by default although now it has
switched to the DOC format
PDF (Portable  Developed by Adobe systems for cross platform exchange of documents
Document Format) supports images and graphics
 An open standard and anyone may write programs that can read and
write PDF’s without any associated royalty charges.
PS (PostScript)  A page description language used mainly for desktop publishing
-page description language is a high-level language that can describe
the contents of page such that it can be accurately displayed on output
devices usually a printer.

VISUAL MEDIA
Visual media and information refer to materials, programs, applications and the like that teachers
and students use to formulate new information to aid learning through the use, analysis, evaluation
and production of visual images. There are different types of visual media – photography, video,
screen shots, infographics, data visualization (charts and graphs), comic strips/cartoons, memes,
visual note-taking, etc. Visual media are either formally or informally produced. Visual media

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produced by formal organizations such as schools, government, and established media/publishing
outfits are considered formally produced. Other visual media are considered informally produced.

Its primary purpose is to gain attention, create meaning, and facilitate retention. Visual media is
consisting of visual design elements. Visual design elements refer to the building blocks or basic
units in the construction of a visual image.

The Design Elements are:

a. Line describes a shape or outline. It can create texture and can be thick or
thin. Lines may be actual, implied, vertical, horizontal, diagonal, or
contour lines.
b. Shape usually, a geometric area that stands out from the space next to or
around it, or because of differences in value, color, or texture. Shape may
also be organic.
c. Value the degree of light and dark in a design. It is the contrast between black
and white and all the tones in between.
d. Texture the way a surface feels or is perceived to feel. Texture can be added to
attract or repel interest to a visual element. Visual texture is the illusion
of the surfaces peaks and valleys, resulting in a feeling of smoothness or
roughness in objects.
e. Color determined by its hue (name of color), intensity (purity of the hue), and
value (lightness or darkness of hue). Color and color combination can
play a large role in the design. Color may be used for emphasis, or may
elicit emotions from viewers. Color maybe warm, cool, or neutral.
Color combination also plays a major role in creating aesthetic appeal.

Essential Colour Guide for Designers: Understanding Colour Theory

presented the following:

The Colour Wheel

The colour wheel – or colour circle – is a basic but completely essential
tool for combining colours and is designed in such a way that virtually
any colours you pick from it will look beautiful together.

Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Colours

In traditional colour theory, primary colours are the three pigment
colours – red, yellow and blue – that can be mixed together to form any
combination of other colours. Which means all other colours are derived
from these three hues.

Green, orange and purple make up the secondary colours – formed by

mixing the primary. While tertiary colours are created by combining
primary and secondary colours, for example yellow-orange, red-orange,
red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green and yellow-green.

And because you mix primary and secondary colours, that's why tertiary
colours get their two-word names.

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 Warm colours – red, orange, yellow and variations of these three colours
– are vibrant and full of energy.
Cool colours – green, blue and violet – offer calm and tranquility, and
they're often more subdued than warm colours.
White, black and grey – on the other hand – are considered to be
neutral.

Tints, Shades and Tones

Simply put – tints, shades and tones are basic colour concepts where you
can either:
make a colour lighter by adding white – the resulting colour is a tint;
make a colour darker by adding black – the darker version is known as
a shade; add grey to create a completely different tone.

Colour Harmony
1. Complementary
Complementary colours are those that lie opposite each other on the
colour wheel. Red and green are complementary colours, as are red-
purple and yellow-green. These high contrast combinations create a
vibrant look and must be handled with care. They're certainly tricky to
use in large doses, but can be very effective for making certain elements
stand out.

2. Analogous
Analogous colours lie next to each other on the colour wheel. They
typically combine beautifully and create appealing schemes for your
designs. In fact, analogous are often found in nature and are always
harmonious and pleasing on the eye.
Just make sure you have enough contrast in your chosen analogous
scheme, i.e. use one dominant colour, the second as a support and the
third as an accent.

3. Triad
Triadic colours are those that are evenly spaced out around the colour
wheel, as though you're looking at an equilateral triangle. These colour
combinations tend to be quite vibrant, even if you opt for paler versions
of your hues.
Similar to analogous, it's important to achieve harmony and balance
between the three colours that you choose – so one dominant, while the
other two should be accents.

4. Split-Complementary
A variation of the complementary colour scheme, the split-
complementary technique takes a base colour and then uses the two
adjacent colours as its complement. Again, this scheme delivers high
contrast combinations but they're not considered to be as harsh.

5. Rectangle
With the rectangle, or tetradic colour scheme – you'll use four colours
arranged into two complementary pairs, creating rich and beautiful

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 combinations. Just make sure you let one colour be dominant. And pay
close attention to the balance between warm and cool colours for your
designs.

6. Square
The square colour scheme is similar to the rectangle, however this time,
you've got all four colours evenly spaced around the colour wheel. Just
like the rectangle scheme, you've got to allow one colour to play the
dominant role. And watch out for the harmony between warm and cool
colours.
f. Form a figure having volume and thickness. An illusion of a 3-dimensional
object can be implied with the use of light and shading. Form can be
viewed from many angles.
In addition, visual design principles are also of equal importance in portraying an effective message.
The principles include consistency of design, balance, harmony, contrast, rhythm, perspective and
center of interest.

Visual Design Principles are:

Consistency Consistency of margins, typeface, type style, and colors is necessary,
especially in slide presentations or documents that are more than one
page.

Center of interest an area that first attracts attention in a composition. This area is more
important when compared to the other objects or elements in a
composition. This can be by contrast of values, more colors, and
placement in the format.
Balance a feeling of visual equality in shape, form, value, color, etc. Balance can
be symmetrical and evenly balanced, or asymmetrical and unevenly
balanced. Objects, values, colors, textures, shapes, forms, etc. can be
used in creating balance in a composition.

Harmony brings together a composition with similar units.

Contrast offers some change in value creating a visual discord in a composition.

Contrast shows the difference between shapes and can be used as a
background to bring objects out and forward in a design. It can also be
used to create an area of emphasis

Directional a visual flow through the composition. It can be the suggestion of motion
Movement in a design as you move from object to object by way of placement and
position.

Rhythm a movement in which some elements recur regularly. Like a dance, it will
have a flow of objects that will seem to be like the beat of music.
Perspective created through the arrangement of objects in two-dimensional space to
look like they appear in real life. Perspective is a learned meaning of the
relationship between different objects seen in space.

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Graphics as Used in learning or Instruction

1. Surface Features-refers to the salient features of visuals; and often, they suggest that a series of
still visuals can be more effective for some learning goals such as teaching how things work.

2. Communication Function. Graphics have the communication purpose to show motion or represent
illustrate quantitative relationships.

3. Cognitive Psychological Functions. Graphics also serve such function by illustrating the
interaction of visuals with human learning processes such as attention.

Common Visual Media File Types

1. JPEG (also known as JPG), file types ending in .jpg
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, which created this standard for this type of
image formatting. JPEG files are images that have been compressed to store a lot of information in
a small-size file. Most digital cameras store photos in JPEG format, because then you can take
more photos on one camera card than you can with other formats.

2. TIFF (also known as TIF), file types ending in .tif

TIFF stands for Tagged Image File Format. TIFF images create very large file sizes. TIFF images are
uncompressed and thus contain a lot of detailed image data (which is why the files are so big) TIFFs
are also extremely flexible in terms of color (they can be grayscale, or CMYK for print, or RGB for
web) and content (layers, image tags).

3. GIF, file types ending in .gif

GIF stands for Graphic Interchange Format. This format compresses images but, as different from
JPEG, the compression is lossless (no detail is lost in the compression, but the file can’t be made
as small as a JPEG). GIFs also have an extremely limited color range suitable for the web but not
for printing. This format is never used for photography, because of the limited number of colors.
GIFs can also be used for animations.

4. PNG, file types ending in .png

PNG stands for Portable Network Graphics. It was created as an open format to replace GIF,
because the patent for GIF was owned by one company and nobody else wanted to pay licensing
fees. It also allows for a full range of color and better compression. It’s used almost exclusively for
web images, never for print images. For photographs, PNG is not as good as JPEG, because it
creates a larger file. But for images with some text, or line art, it’s better, because the images look
less “bitmappy.”

5. BMP. Short for "Bitmap." It can be pronounced as "bump," "B-M-P," or

simply a "bitmap image." The BMP format is a commonly used raster graphic format for saving
image files. It was introduced on the Windows platform, but is now recognized by many programs
on both Macs and PCs.

Audio Media

Sound is an essential component of media. Your choice of sound and means of sound production
can make or break the information you wish to convey. The sounds that are used in multimedia
presentations come in different types. What are these? Marshall (2001) cites three:

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1. Music often elicits emotions and arousal from listeners Calvert (2014). It is effective in mood
setting and stimulates listeners in performing various personal tasks such as studying and
meditating, as well as social functions like for courtship rituals, for the creation and maintenance
of friendships, as a topic of conversation, and as a way to encourage dancing (Roberts &
Christenson, 2001 on Calvert 2014). Adolescents use music primarily for mood regulation
(Christenson & Roberts, 1998). Females consider music as a means to improve their mood or dwell
on melancholic emotions, while males are more likely to use music for excitement. (Larson, Kubey,
& Colletti, 1989, on Calvert, 2014)

2. Sound effects makes specific points, provides hint to the setting in the absence of visuals (e.g.,
squeaky doors, explosions, rustling leaves, etc.) Sound effects are grouped into four (Schneider,
2009)

a) Hard sound
Those that appear on screen and are synchronized to the picture, recorded directly as what they
are.

b) Foley sounds
Equally synchronized on screen but are not the original sound as what they appear to be. That
means that they are recorded and mixed to appear as another sound on screen.

c) Background sound
All sounds that indicate ambience settings. They do not need to be synchronized to the picture.
Ambience sounds are usually recorded in real life application in nature and then mixed. Common
background effects include weather ambience and forest ambience, traffic sounds, etc.

d) Design sound
Describes a palette of sounds that usually do not occur in nature (laser weapon). They may be
created from scratch with various audio editing tools and with the help of effect processors.

3. Narration is spoken message that often gives the most direct information. This is the most
essential content in some media formats, such as audiobooks designed for the visually-impaired
people or for those who want an alternative listening experience in novels and other traditional
reading content. Henriques (2018) says that there are four types of narration:

a. Fully-Voiced Reading (solo narration)

Probably the most recognized style of reading. All of the characters are vocalized in a dramatic
fashion or in a way that makes the characters distinguishable from one another, maintained
throughout the entire audiobook, and usually all done by one voice actor/narrator.

b. Partially-Voiced Reading (solo narration)

Made when the voiced production (usually done by one narrator) focuses on giving certain
characters a distinguishable voice – most commonly the protagonists or any character who has a
distinctive voice in the narration. The other characters, normally the minor ones, do not need to
sound dramatically different from one another.

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c. Unvoiced Readings (solo narration)

The narrator reads the story in a natural, more straightforward tone. There are no changes in voice
for different characters. The story is told in the narrator’s voice and the whole book is usually voiced
by one voice actor.

d. Multicast Readings / Full Cast Readings

There is more than one voice actor hired to read the audiobook. This can range from two characters
(duet narration) or more.

Audio File Formats

Sound comes in various digital formats. Schmidt (2020) posts 7 popular audio file types in
www.canto.com:
1. M4A is a mpeg-4 audio file or audio-compressed file used because of increased quality demand
as a result of cloud storage and bigger hard drive space in contemporary computers. It is preferred
due to its high quality.

2. FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec) is an audio file compressed into a smaller size of the original
file. It is not frequently used compared to other sound file formats because it often needs special
downloads to function. The advantage of FLAC is, being a lossless audio file, its compression can
save size and promote sharing of an audio file while being able to return to the original quality
standard.

3. MP3 is an MPEG audio layer 3 file format preferred because its compression saves valuable
space while maintaining near-flawless quality of the original source of sound. MP3’s high quality
and small size is very popular for all mobile audio-playing devices. It is compatible with nearly every
device capable of reading audio files. The MP3 is probably best used for extensive audio file sharing
due to its manageable size. It also works well for websites that host audio files.

4. MP4 is an audio file type is a comprehensive media extension, capable of holding audio, video
and other media. The MP4 contains data in the file, rather than code. This is important to note as
MP4 files require different codecs to implement the code artificially and allow it to be read.

5. WAV is a Waveform Audio File that stores waveform data. The waveform data stored
demonstrates strength of volume and sound in specific parts of the WAV file. It is entirely possible
to transform a WAV file using compression, though it is not standard. WAV is typically used on
Windows systems. They are usually uncompressed audio files, though it’s not a requirement of the
format.

6. WMA (Windows Media Audio) is Windows-based alternative to the more common and popular
MP3 file type. Its advantage is its lossless compression, retaining high audio quality throughout all
types of restructuring processes. Despite its quality, it is not the most popular due to its
inaccessibility to many users, especially those who don’t use the Windows operating system.

7. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) is an audio file that delivers decently high-quality sound and is
enhanced using advanced coding. It has never been one of the most popular audio formats,
especially when it comes to music files, but the AAC does still serve some purpose for major

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systems. This includes popular mobile devices and video gaming units, where the AAC is a standard
audio component.

b. ACTIVITY 1A

Directions: Identify the typefaces of the following. Write your answers on the space provided.

_____________1. Typeface _____________2. Typeface _____________3. Typeface

_____________4. Typeface _____________5. Typeface _____________6. Typeface
_____________7. Typeface _____________8. Typeface _____________9. Typeface
_____________10. Typeface
ACTIVITY 1B
Directions: Create a word cloud using the given words in each item. Follow the given instructions
in each item. You can add colors to every word. Print your output.

WORD typeface Font size Text direction

1. Media and Information serif 20, bold, all caps Middle, horizontal
2. Television decorative 16 Upper left, horizontal
3. Social Media Sans serif 14, bold, all caps Upper right, vertical
4. Radio script 10 Upper middle, horizontal
5. Literacy Slab serif 14, italics Lower left horizontal
6. Communication script 12 Lower right, vertical
7. Message serif 11 Lower middle, horizontal
8. Technology decorative 13 Lower left, vertical
9. internet Sans serif 12, italics Upper left, vertical
10. message Slab serif 15, bold Upper right, horizontal

c. ACTIVITY 2A

Directions: Answer the following questions.

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1. Compare and contrast the pictures above.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is color an important attribute of image?

____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 2B
Directions: Do the following:

1. Take a photo of yourself.

2. Edit the color of the photo into monochromatic or black and white.
3. On the edited photo, add text on the upper left corner. The text will include your name,
birthdate and your ambition.
4. Make a photo collage of your original photo and the edited one.
5. Print the photo collage and submit it to the teacher.

a. ACTIVITY 3
Directions: Do what is asked. (Do this activity by triad)

Think of yourself as an audio researcher who gathers different sounds for a production house’s
sound archive. Using audio recording equipment of gadget, you were asked by your boss to
create a sample of a sound collage that may be used as a special effect for a future film or
television project. You have been given the leeway to choose your own them and other creative
considerations for your sound collage. Since you are pressed with time, you will need to think
about the duration of your recordings. The collage should be no more than 3 minutes in length
and must be saved in any of the appropriate format.
After doing the activity, answer the following questions: (use narration in answering)

1. What are the sources of sound that you used for the collage?
2. How did you put them together?
3. What title can you give your collage?
4. In what context may the collage be used for a film or a television project?

Upload the file on the GC that is created by the teacher for the subject.

b. SELF-CHECK

(self-checking of all activities guided by parents or learning facilitators)

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 c. ASSESSMENT / REFLECTION
(The teacher will group the class into 3 or 4)
Directions: We are now experiencing calamities, disaster and even health crises. Make an audio-
visual presentation. The audio-visual presentation will as an information drive. The elements and
principles must be present on the presentation made. Choose only one topic among the topics
given.
a. CoVid 19
b. Earthquake
c. Modular Learning
d. Human Trafficking

RUBRICS FOR AUDIO-VISUAL PRESENTATION

Distinguished Accomplished Developing Beginning

(20 pts) (15 pts) (10 pts) (5 pts)
Content & Output shows a Fairly well Portions maybe Not organized.
Organization continuous progression documented and poorly documented Difficult to follow.
of ideas and tells a organized. Format and/or organized. Poor quality.
complete easily followed is easy to follow. Hard to follow the Shows poor effort.
story. Well documented Good explanation, progressions of the
and organized. shows food effort. story. Explanation
Excellent, well thought shows some effort.
out explanation shows
superior effort.
Creativity & Excellent sense of Good use of Minimal use of Use of elements
Elements of design. Effective camera graphics and/or design elements. detracts from
design techniques used for the other designs and No transitions. video. Too many
video and pictures. elements. Some Sound is lacking or gaudy graphics,
Video and pictures are in transitions are inappropriate or clips, background
focus and of good inappropriately scratchy. Some music that detract
quality. Smooth placed. Sound pictures or video from content.
transitions are quality is OK. Video clips may be out of Pictures or video
appropriate and aid in clips or pictures focus or shaky. clips maybe out of
delivery of the are clear and in focus or shaky.
presentation. focus.
Mechanics Grammar, spelling, Includes 1-2 Includes 3-4 Includes five or
punctuation, grammatical grammatical more grammatical
capitalization is correct; errors, errors, errors,
sources are documented misspellings, misspellings; misspellings,
correctly and copyright punctuational punctuational punctuation
laws has been followed. errors; sources are errors; sources are errors; sources are
documented and documented and not documented.
copyright laws has copyright laws has
been followed. been followed.

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 ANSWERS KEY

Activity 1A Activity 2A
1. decorative 1. The first picture is a colored one while the other picture is edited into a
2. slab serif monochromatic or it is black and white.
3. serif 2. Color is an element of visual language that people process before they
4. script consciously aware of it. Color can improve object recognition. It is also used
5. sans serif to enhance meaning and convey structure.
6. serif
7. decorative
8. serif Activity 3
9. decorative 1. music or sounds downloaded from the internet.
10. slab serif 2. We used an application for making the sound or audio collage.
3. Sound of Nature
4. It can be used for film especially during the intro of the film.

Activity 2B (Sample Answer) Activity 1B (Sample answer)

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REFERENCES
Media and Information literacy teaching guide by CHED. Accessed May 31 2020.
“Https://Www.teacherph.com/Media-Information-Literacy-Senior-High-School
TeachingGuide/.”

Media and Information Literacy Curriculum Guide by DepEd

Media and Information Literacy – Grade 11/12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) Quarter 2 –
Module 4: Text Media and Information First Edition, 2020, Region 12

Media and Information Literacy-Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 5: Audio

and Motion Dimensions of Information and Media, First Edition, 2020, Region IV-A

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