Image File Formats:

1. JPEG: JPEG stands for Joint Photograph Experts group.

 JPEG ia a lossy compression technique for color images.
 It uses 24-bit color ,with up to 16 million colors.
 It is most widely used on internet.
 JPEG images are lossy which means some information is lost from the original image when we save it in JPEG
file.
 JPEG image file size is small.
 JPEG images cannot be animated.
2. GIF: GIF stands for Graphics Interchange 3. BMP: BMP stands for Bitmap.
Format.  A BMP image can contain million of colors.
 A GIF image can contain 2,4,8,16,32,64,128 or 256  BMP image might be an 8-bit, 16-bit or 24-bit
colors. These colors are stored in color lookup image.
table.  BMP images are large in size and uncompressed.
 GIF is popular image format on the internet These images are rich in color , high in quality, simple
because image size is small compared to other and compatible in all windows Operating systems.
formats.
 GIF is a lossless compression techinique.
 It is also preferable for animated affects.
 GIF images supports transparency.
 GIF is most suitable for graphics , diagrams , logos
with few colors used.

4 . TIFF: TIFF stands for Tagged Image File.
 TIFF images uses 24 or 48 bits per pixel. Thses
images uses 8 or 16 bits per color(red ,green,
blue).
 TIFF formats are both lossy and lossless.
 TIFF format is good format for scanners to take
image data.
 TIFF image file fomat is used in digital cameras.
 TIFF formats are also useful for transporting
image files from one application to another.
 TIFF files are large in size.
5. PNG: PNG stands for Portable Network
Graphics.
 PNG format uses 256 colors maximum.
 PNG format is a lossless image format.
 PNG is the superior version of the GIF. But it
saves color information more efficiently.
 PNG format creates smaller file sizes than GIF.
 PNG images supports transparency.
 All web browsers does not support PNG.

Audio File Formats:

WAV : WAV stands for Waveform Audio File Format.
 WAV file format is developed by Microsoft and IBM.
 It uses extension .wav
 WAV file format is first audio file format developed
for the PC.
 WAV is uncompressed file format which means
information has not been lost.
 Professionally recorded CDs are a lossless audio
sources.
 Drawback of WAV file format is large file size.
AIFF: (Audio Interchange File Format)
 AIFF is a uncompressed file format with extension
.aif/.aiff.
 AIFF format is developed by Electronic Arts and Apple.
 AIFF has large file size but maintains a higher quality
of sound.
 AIFF files also used for editing, copying, changing file
formats.

3. MP3: 4. WMA: (Windows Media Audio)

 MP3 file format is developed by Moving Picture  WMA format is developed by Microsoft.
Experts Group.  WMA file format is a compressed file format. It
 MP3 is a lossy file format.
  It is used to store music files and audio books on a is compressed by window media compression.
hard drive.  It can be converted to other formats.
 The quality of an MP3 file depends largely on the bit  It is used for playing music from internet.
rate used for compression.  WMA file size is smaller.
 Common bit rates are 128,160,192 and 256 kbps.
 Higher bit rates result in higher quality files that also
requires more disk space.
 MP3 files are supported by most portable music
portable music players , such as the Apple ipod and
Microsoft zone.
5. RA: (Real Audio)
 Real audio format is used for playing audio clips within a web browser.
 RA is a compressed file format. It uses Real compression algorithm.
 RA can be streamed on the internet , so sound starts playing before file is fully downloaded.
 It can be encoded at multiple sampling rates.

Video File Formats:

1. AVI(Audio/Video Interleaved): extension used for AVI is .avi.
 AVI format is developed by Microsoft.
 These files contain both audio and video data in a file container. File container allows synchronous audio-video
playback.
 AVI format uses less compression.
 It is widely used on internet.
 AVI format is supported by almost all computers using Windows, and can be played on various players.
2. Windows Media Video Format( .wmv): Video stored in 3. Advanced System Format:
Window media format have extension .wmv.  ASF is also developed by Microsoft.
 WMV is developed by Microsoft.  It is subset of WMV.
 It was originally designed for internet streaming  It is used to store and play synchronized digital media
applications. streams and transmit them over networks.
 WMV video can be coded in both MPEG-2 and MPEG-4  It can be compressed using a variety of video codes.
video formt.  This format is independent of any particular operating
 WMV movies cannot be played on non-windows system or multimedia system.
computer without an extra component installed.
4. Flash Video Format( .flv) :
 Flash video is a container file format used to deliver video over the Internet using Adobe Flash Player.
 This is a popular video file format due to property of flash player.
 Flash movie files are supported by almost every browser on every platform.
 Flash video can be compressed using On2.
 There are two different file formats known as Flash Video: FLV and F4V
 Flash works equally on PCs, Macs and Linux computers.
5. MP4 Format (.mp4)
 Mp4 is a container format, allowing a combination of audio, Video, subtitles and still images to be held in single file.
 It is also used for advanced content such as 3D graphics, menus and user interactivity.
 These files use MPEG-4 compression.
 This format is used for sharing high quality video files on the internet.
 Devices that play mp4 are also known as mp4 players.
 MPEG-4 video format uses separate compression for audio and video tracks.
 Video is compressed with MPEG-4 video encoding.